1 00:00:00,780 --> 00:00:09,779 Riyad al-Salihin from the words of the Master of the Messengers, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 2 00:00:09,779 --> 00:00:14,960 Chapter: Certainty and Reliance upon Allah (Tawakkul). 3 00:00:17,170 --> 00:00:20,170 On the authority of ‘Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 4 00:00:20,170 --> 00:00:25,300 I heard the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, say: 5 00:00:25,300 --> 00:00:29,300 "If you were to rely upon Allah with the true reliance He deserves, 6 00:00:29,300 --> 00:00:32,299 He would provide for you just as He provides for the birds: 7 00:00:32,299 --> 00:00:36,299 they set out hungry in the morning and return with full bellies in the evening." 8 00:00:36,299 --> 00:00:38,329 Related by al-Tirmidhi. 9 00:00:38,329 --> 00:00:40,329 The meaning of: 10 00:00:40,329 --> 00:00:43,329 "They set out in the early morning hungry," 11 00:00:43,329 --> 00:00:46,329 meaning their bellies are lean from hunger, 12 00:00:46,329 --> 00:00:49,329 "and return at the end of the day with full bellies," 13 00:00:49,329 --> 00:00:52,329 meaning their bellies are full. 14 00:00:52,329 --> 00:00:56,159 From the benefits of the hadith: 15 00:00:56,159 --> 00:01:00,159 The encouragement to realize the true meaning of reliance upon Allah the Exalted. 16 00:01:00,159 --> 00:01:03,159 That it must be accompanied by sincerity and certainty 17 00:01:03,159 --> 00:01:06,159 in every single affair. 18 00:01:06,159 --> 00:01:10,349 Taking the necessary means and striving to seek provision 19 00:01:10,349 --> 00:01:13,349 is part of sincere reliance upon Allah the Exalted, 20 00:01:13,349 --> 00:01:17,349 just as the birds set out and do not cease their striving. 21 00:01:17,349 --> 00:01:19,540 True reliance 22 00:01:19,540 --> 00:01:21,540 is the source of wholesome provision 23 00:01:21,540 --> 00:01:23,540 when combined with the required effort. 24 00:01:23,540 --> 00:01:26,670 Provision does not come through mere strength, 25 00:01:26,670 --> 00:01:30,670 but rather through utilizing the means and relying upon Allah. 26 00:01:30,670 --> 00:01:34,670 Otherwise, a bird would not be provided for alongside an eagle. 27 00:01:34,670 --> 00:01:37,730 On the authority of Abu ‘Umarah, 28 00:01:37,730 --> 00:01:41,730 al-Bara’ ibn ‘Azib, may Allah be pleased with both of them, who said: 29 00:01:41,730 --> 00:01:45,730 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 30 00:01:45,730 --> 00:01:47,730 "O so-and-so, 31 00:01:47,730 --> 00:01:50,730 when you go to your bed, say: 32 00:01:50,730 --> 00:01:53,730 'O Allah, I have submitted my soul to You, 33 00:01:53,730 --> 00:01:56,730 I have turned my face toward You, 34 00:01:56,730 --> 00:01:59,730 I have entrusted my affair to You, 35 00:01:59,730 --> 00:02:01,730 and I have sought refuge in You, 36 00:02:01,730 --> 00:02:04,730 out of desire and fear of You. 37 00:02:04,730 --> 00:02:08,789 There is no refuge or escape from You except to You. 38 00:02:08,789 --> 00:02:12,919 I believe in Your Book which You have revealed, 39 00:02:12,919 --> 00:02:15,919 and Your Prophet whom You have sent.' 40 00:02:15,979 --> 00:02:18,979 For if you die that night, 41 00:02:18,979 --> 00:02:20,979 you will die upon the natural state (fitrah), 42 00:02:20,979 --> 00:02:23,979 and if you wake up, you will have attained good." 43 00:02:23,979 --> 00:02:26,110 Agreed upon. 44 00:02:26,110 --> 00:02:29,340 In a narration in the two Sahihs, 45 00:02:29,340 --> 00:02:31,340 on the authority of al-Bara’, he said: 46 00:02:31,340 --> 00:02:35,340 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said to me: 47 00:02:35,340 --> 00:02:37,460 "When you come to your bed, 48 00:02:37,460 --> 00:02:40,460 perform ablution as you do for prayer, 49 00:02:40,460 --> 00:02:44,460 then lie on your right side and say..." 50 00:02:44,460 --> 00:02:46,460 and he mentioned the like of it. 51 00:02:46,460 --> 00:02:47,460 Then he said: 52 00:02:47,460 --> 00:02:51,460 "And let these be the last words you speak." 53 00:02:51,460 --> 00:02:53,259 "When you go to your bed" (awayt): 54 00:02:53,259 --> 00:02:56,300 meaning when you retire and settle down. 55 00:02:56,300 --> 00:02:58,300 "I have submitted my soul to You": 56 00:02:58,300 --> 00:03:01,300 meaning I have made it compliant to You, 57 00:03:01,300 --> 00:03:03,300 obedient to Your command, 58 00:03:03,300 --> 00:03:06,550 and content with Your decree and predestination. 59 00:03:06,550 --> 00:03:07,550 "I have sought refuge" (alja’tu): 60 00:03:07,550 --> 00:03:09,680 meaning I have leaned upon. 61 00:03:09,680 --> 00:03:11,680 "I have turned my face toward You": 62 00:03:11,680 --> 00:03:15,900 meaning I have turned to You, content and satisfied. 63 00:03:15,900 --> 00:03:17,900 "I have entrusted my affair to You": 64 00:03:17,900 --> 00:03:22,060 meaning I have relied upon You in all my affairs. 65 00:03:22,060 --> 00:03:24,060 "I have sought refuge in You" (alja’tu zahri): 66 00:03:24,060 --> 00:03:26,060 meaning I have sought protection in You, 67 00:03:26,060 --> 00:03:29,159 and leaned my soul upon Your preservation. 68 00:03:29,159 --> 00:03:32,159 "Out of desire and fear of You": 69 00:03:32,159 --> 00:03:36,509 meaning out of hope for Your reward and fear of Your punishment. 70 00:03:36,509 --> 00:03:38,509 "No refuge or escape": 71 00:03:38,509 --> 00:03:41,509 meaning no shelter or salvation. 72 00:03:41,509 --> 00:03:43,669 "The natural state" (al-fitrah): 73 00:03:43,669 --> 00:03:47,830 meaning the correct religion and complete faith. 74 00:03:47,830 --> 00:03:48,830 "Your bed" (madja‘ak): 75 00:03:48,830 --> 00:03:51,930 meaning your bedding and place of sleep. 76 00:03:51,930 --> 00:03:52,930 "Your side" (shaqqak): 77 00:03:52,930 --> 00:03:54,990 meaning your flank. 78 00:03:54,990 --> 00:03:55,990 "The like of it": 79 00:03:55,990 --> 00:03:59,219 meaning the same meaning as the preceding hadith. 80 00:03:59,219 --> 00:04:01,219 "The last words you speak": 81 00:04:01,219 --> 00:04:04,219 meaning from the supplications before sleep. 82 00:04:04,219 --> 00:04:08,400 From the benefits of the hadith: 83 00:04:08,400 --> 00:04:11,400 The recommendation to teach people good 84 00:04:11,400 --> 00:04:13,530 and encourage them to say it. 85 00:04:13,530 --> 00:04:18,529 Islam’s concern for all affairs of life and the matters of the servants, 86 00:04:18,529 --> 00:04:20,529 in their wakefulness and their sleep, 87 00:04:20,529 --> 00:04:22,529 and their life and their death. 88 00:04:22,529 --> 00:04:26,660 Islam is the religion of the sound natural state (fitrah), 89 00:04:26,660 --> 00:04:30,779 to which sound intellects bear witness. 90 00:04:30,779 --> 00:04:35,040 The recommendation to lie on the right side. 91 00:04:35,040 --> 00:04:40,040 The recommendation to make these words the last thing a servant says before sleeping. 92 00:04:40,040 --> 00:04:46,230 The people of faith take refuge in Allah the Exalted in all their states. 93 00:04:46,230 --> 00:04:50,230 Renewing the covenant with Allah the Almighty every night, 94 00:04:50,230 --> 00:04:54,230 and confirming Islam and faith in word and deed, 95 00:04:54,230 --> 00:04:58,230 because the affairs of the servants are in the hands of Allah the Almighty. 96 00:04:58,230 --> 00:05:01,420 The encouragement to perform ablution before sleep, 97 00:05:01,420 --> 00:05:04,420 so that one may sleep in a state of complete purity. 98 00:05:04,420 --> 00:05:10,180 On the authority of Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him, 99 00:05:10,180 --> 00:05:13,180 ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Uthman ibn ‘Amir, 100 00:05:13,180 --> 00:05:15,180 ibn ‘Amr ibn Ka‘b ibn Sa‘d, 101 00:05:15,180 --> 00:05:18,180 ibn Taym ibn Murrah ibn Ka‘b, 102 00:05:18,180 --> 00:05:23,180 ibn Lu’ayy ibn Ghalib al-Qurashi al-Taymi, may Allah be pleased with him. 103 00:05:23,180 --> 00:05:28,180 He, his father, and his mother were all Companions, may Allah be pleased with them. 104 00:05:28,180 --> 00:05:33,180 He said: "I looked at the feet of the polytheists while we were in the cave, 105 00:05:33,180 --> 00:05:35,180 and they were right above our heads. 106 00:05:35,180 --> 00:05:38,180 I said: 'O Messenger of Allah, 107 00:05:38,180 --> 00:05:43,180 if one of them were to look down at his feet, he would see us.' 108 00:05:43,180 --> 00:05:48,180 He replied: 'What do you think, O Abu Bakr, of two 109 00:05:48,180 --> 00:05:50,180 of whom Allah is the third?'" 110 00:05:51,250 --> 00:05:54,779 Agreed upon. 111 00:05:54,779 --> 00:05:56,779 "The feet of the polytheists": 112 00:05:56,779 --> 00:06:00,779 those who were tracking the feet of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 113 00:06:00,779 --> 00:06:01,779 and searching for him 114 00:06:01,779 --> 00:06:05,980 when he migrated from Makkah to Madinah. 115 00:06:05,980 --> 00:06:09,139 The cave is the Cave of Thawr. 116 00:06:09,139 --> 00:06:13,899 "Right above our heads" means above us. 117 00:06:13,899 --> 00:06:16,000 From the benefits of the hadith: 118 00:06:16,000 --> 00:06:19,000 The merit of Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, 119 00:06:19,000 --> 00:06:23,000 in his companionship to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 120 00:06:23,000 --> 00:06:26,000 during his migration from Makkah to Madinah. 121 00:06:26,000 --> 00:06:30,350 The intensity of Abu Bakr’s compassion, may Allah be pleased with him, 122 00:06:30,350 --> 00:06:34,350 and the extent of his love for the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 123 00:06:34,350 --> 00:06:39,540 and his fear for him and for the Message from the enemies. 124 00:06:39,540 --> 00:06:42,540 The obligation of trust in Allah the Almighty, 125 00:06:42,540 --> 00:06:45,540 and tranquility in His care and protection, 126 00:06:45,540 --> 00:06:49,540 after exerting effort in taking precautions and being wary. 127 00:06:49,540 --> 00:06:53,829 Allah the Exalted’s care for His prophets and His allies, 128 00:06:53,829 --> 00:06:56,829 and His protection of them with victory. 129 00:06:56,829 --> 00:07:01,120 The courage of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 130 00:07:01,120 --> 00:07:04,120 and his reassurance of hearts and souls. 131 00:07:04,120 --> 00:07:07,279 Whoever Allah supports, none can overcome. 132 00:07:07,279 --> 00:07:11,569 Whoever wishes to increase the resolve of his brother, 133 00:07:11,569 --> 00:07:15,569 let him connect his heart to Allah the Exalted’s care for him. 134 00:07:15,569 --> 00:07:18,949 The permissibility of hiding from the disbelievers and the oppressors 135 00:07:18,949 --> 00:07:21,949 if a caller to the truth fears for his life, 136 00:07:21,949 --> 00:07:23,949 or that he might be tempted away from his religion. 137 00:07:23,949 --> 00:07:29,209 The obligation of migration from the land of disbelief to the land of Islam. 138 00:07:29,209 --> 00:07:33,389 On the authority of the Mother of the Believers, Umm Salamah, 139 00:07:33,389 --> 00:07:38,389 whose name is Hind bint Abi Umayyah Hudhayfah al-Makhzumiyyah, 140 00:07:38,389 --> 00:07:41,389 may Allah be pleased with her, 141 00:07:41,389 --> 00:07:44,389 that the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 142 00:07:44,389 --> 00:07:47,389 used to say when he left his house: 143 00:07:47,389 --> 00:07:49,389 "In the name of Allah, 144 00:07:49,389 --> 00:07:51,389 I rely upon Allah. 145 00:07:51,389 --> 00:07:55,389 O Allah, I seek refuge in You from going astray or being led astray, 146 00:07:55,389 --> 00:07:58,389 from slipping or being made to slip, 147 00:07:58,389 --> 00:08:00,389 from oppressing or being oppressed, 148 00:08:00,389 --> 00:08:03,389 from acting ignorantly or having ignorance acted upon me." 149 00:08:03,389 --> 00:08:07,620 Related by Abu Dawud, al-Tirmidhi, and others. 150 00:08:07,620 --> 00:08:11,149 "Going astray" (adill): 151 00:08:11,149 --> 00:08:15,250 meaning to lose the path of truth and not be guided to it. 152 00:08:15,250 --> 00:08:16,250 "Being led astray" (udall): 153 00:08:16,250 --> 00:08:18,250 meaning someone else leads me astray. 154 00:08:18,250 --> 00:08:19,339 "Slipping" (azill): 155 00:08:19,339 --> 00:08:22,339 meaning to slide into falsehood. 156 00:08:22,339 --> 00:08:23,439 "Acting ignorantly" (ajhal): 157 00:08:23,439 --> 00:08:26,439 meaning to fall into error and foolishness. 158 00:08:26,439 --> 00:08:31,100 From the benefits of the hadith: 159 00:08:31,100 --> 00:08:34,100 The servant begins his life outside his house 160 00:08:34,100 --> 00:08:38,100 by remembering Allah the Exalted and relying upon Him, 161 00:08:38,100 --> 00:08:40,100 and entrusting his affair to Him. 162 00:08:40,100 --> 00:08:43,460 The believing servant should be 163 00:08:43,460 --> 00:08:48,460 constantly seeking refuge in Allah from misguidance, ignorance, and oppression, 164 00:08:48,460 --> 00:08:51,779 and from swerving from the straight path. 165 00:08:51,779 --> 00:08:53,779 The source of going astray 166 00:08:53,779 --> 00:08:57,779 is either the whispering of the soul and its falling into seeking worldly gain, 167 00:08:57,779 --> 00:09:01,779 or the plotting of the devils and the doubts of the alarmists. 168 00:09:01,779 --> 00:09:07,000 The recommendation to persist in this remembrance when leaving the house, 169 00:09:07,000 --> 00:09:10,000 so that the servant may be in the protection of Allah. 170 00:09:10,000 --> 00:09:13,000 For whoever protects Allah, He protects him. 171 00:09:13,000 --> 00:09:17,149 On the authority of Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 172 00:09:17,149 --> 00:09:21,149 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 173 00:09:21,149 --> 00:09:22,149 "Whoever says— 174 00:09:22,149 --> 00:09:25,149 meaning when he leaves his house— 175 00:09:25,149 --> 00:09:26,149 'In the name of Allah, 176 00:09:26,149 --> 00:09:28,149 I rely upon Allah, 177 00:09:28,149 --> 00:09:32,149 and there is no power nor strength except by Allah,' 178 00:09:32,149 --> 00:09:33,149 it is said to him: 179 00:09:33,149 --> 00:09:36,149 'You have been guided, spared, and protected,' 180 00:09:36,149 --> 00:09:39,149 and the devil turns away from him." 181 00:09:40,149 --> 00:09:45,279 Related by Abu Dawud, al-Tirmidhi, al-Nasa'i, and others. 182 00:09:45,279 --> 00:09:47,279 Abu Dawud added: 183 00:09:47,279 --> 00:09:48,279 "He says— 184 00:09:48,279 --> 00:09:50,279 meaning the devil— 185 00:09:50,279 --> 00:09:52,279 to another devil: 186 00:09:52,279 --> 00:09:58,690 'How can you reach a man who has been guided, spared, and protected?'" 187 00:09:58,690 --> 00:09:59,690 "Protected" (wuqita): 188 00:09:59,690 --> 00:10:01,690 meaning preserved from every evil. 189 00:10:01,690 --> 00:10:03,779 "Turns away" (tanahha): 190 00:10:03,779 --> 00:10:08,679 meaning he moves aside from his direction and stays away from his path. 191 00:10:08,679 --> 00:10:10,679 From the benefits of the hadith: 192 00:10:10,679 --> 00:10:13,710 The virtue of relying upon Allah the Almighty 193 00:10:13,710 --> 00:10:15,710 and taking refuge in Him. 194 00:10:15,710 --> 00:10:17,710 For it is an impregnable fortress 195 00:10:17,710 --> 00:10:20,710 that protects the Muslim from the plotting of the devils. 196 00:10:20,710 --> 00:10:25,100 There is no power or strength for the servant in all his affairs 197 00:10:25,100 --> 00:10:27,379 except by Allah. 198 00:10:27,379 --> 00:10:31,379 Allah’s care and protection for the people of faith from the devil. 199 00:10:31,379 --> 00:10:35,769 The inability of the devils to lead astray those whom Allah has guided. 200 00:10:35,769 --> 00:10:39,769 And for whom He has made faith beloved and adorned it in their hearts. 201 00:10:39,769 --> 00:10:44,120 The collaboration of the devils to misguide the servants of Allah. 202 00:10:44,120 --> 00:10:48,309 The recommendation of reciting this statement when leaving the house. 203 00:10:48,309 --> 00:10:51,309 So that one may attain the good contained within it. 204 00:10:51,309 --> 00:10:55,879 On the authority of Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 205 00:10:55,879 --> 00:11:00,879 There were two brothers during the time of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 206 00:11:00,879 --> 00:11:05,879 One of them used to come to the Prophet, peace be upon him, 207 00:11:05,879 --> 00:11:07,879 While the other worked for a living. 208 00:11:07,879 --> 00:11:12,909 The one who worked complained about his brother to the Prophet, peace be upon him. 209 00:11:12,909 --> 00:11:16,909 He replied, "Perhaps you are being provided for because of him." 210 00:11:16,909 --> 00:11:22,070 Narrated by al-Tirmidhi with a chain of narration that is authentic according to the criteria of Muslim. 211 00:11:22,070 --> 00:11:26,139 "Worked for a living" means he earned and sought a livelihood. 212 00:11:26,139 --> 00:11:31,450 "Used to come to the Prophet, peace be upon him," 213 00:11:31,450 --> 00:11:34,450 Means he would stay in his company to receive his knowledge, 214 00:11:34,450 --> 00:11:37,450 And learn the rulings of the religion. 215 00:11:37,450 --> 00:11:39,580 "Complained" 216 00:11:39,580 --> 00:11:42,580 Means he brought the matter of his brother’s abandonment of work 217 00:11:42,580 --> 00:11:45,580 To the Prophet, peace be upon him. 218 00:11:45,580 --> 00:11:47,639 "Provided for because of him" 219 00:11:47,639 --> 00:11:51,299 Means because of him. 220 00:11:51,299 --> 00:11:53,399 Among the benefits of the hadith: 221 00:11:53,399 --> 00:11:58,399 That whoever devotes himself to seeking knowledge and understanding the rulings of the religion, 222 00:11:58,399 --> 00:12:00,399 In order to preserve the Sharia of Allah, 223 00:12:00,399 --> 00:12:06,750 Then Allah will facilitate for him someone to take care of his affairs and suffice his needs. 224 00:12:06,750 --> 00:12:10,980 Encouragement to assist the people of knowledge and students of knowledge. 225 00:12:10,980 --> 00:12:15,330 A person is provided for because of those whom he supports. 226 00:12:15,330 --> 00:12:18,620 The permissibility of expressing a complaint to the leader or authority. 227 00:12:18,620 --> 00:12:23,620 It is incumbent upon the student of knowledge to earn his sustenance by the sweat of his brow, 228 00:12:23,620 --> 00:12:26,620 And not to be a burden upon the people. 229 00:12:26,620 --> 00:12:30,620 For the upper hand is better than the lower hand. 230 00:12:30,620 --> 00:12:35,320 Riyad al-Salihin.