WEBVTT 00:00:00.780 --> 00:00:09.779 Riyad al-Salihin from the words of the Master of the Messengers, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:00:09.779 --> 00:00:14.960 Chapter: Certainty and Reliance upon Allah (Tawakkul). 00:00:17.170 --> 00:00:20.170 On the authority of ‘Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:00:20.170 --> 00:00:25.300 I heard the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, say: 00:00:25.300 --> 00:00:29.300 "If you were to rely upon Allah with the true reliance He deserves, 00:00:29.300 --> 00:00:32.299 He would provide for you just as He provides for the birds: 00:00:32.299 --> 00:00:36.299 they set out hungry in the morning and return with full bellies in the evening." 00:00:36.299 --> 00:00:38.329 Related by al-Tirmidhi. 00:00:38.329 --> 00:00:40.329 The meaning of: 00:00:40.329 --> 00:00:43.329 "They set out in the early morning hungry," 00:00:43.329 --> 00:00:46.329 meaning their bellies are lean from hunger, 00:00:46.329 --> 00:00:49.329 "and return at the end of the day with full bellies," 00:00:49.329 --> 00:00:52.329 meaning their bellies are full. 00:00:52.329 --> 00:00:56.159 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:00:56.159 --> 00:01:00.159 The encouragement to realize the true meaning of reliance upon Allah the Exalted. 00:01:00.159 --> 00:01:03.159 That it must be accompanied by sincerity and certainty 00:01:03.159 --> 00:01:06.159 in every single affair. 00:01:06.159 --> 00:01:10.349 Taking the necessary means and striving to seek provision 00:01:10.349 --> 00:01:13.349 is part of sincere reliance upon Allah the Exalted, 00:01:13.349 --> 00:01:17.349 just as the birds set out and do not cease their striving. 00:01:17.349 --> 00:01:19.540 True reliance 00:01:19.540 --> 00:01:21.540 is the source of wholesome provision 00:01:21.540 --> 00:01:23.540 when combined with the required effort. 00:01:23.540 --> 00:01:26.670 Provision does not come through mere strength, 00:01:26.670 --> 00:01:30.670 but rather through utilizing the means and relying upon Allah. 00:01:30.670 --> 00:01:34.670 Otherwise, a bird would not be provided for alongside an eagle. 00:01:34.670 --> 00:01:37.730 On the authority of Abu ‘Umarah, 00:01:37.730 --> 00:01:41.730 al-Bara’ ibn ‘Azib, may Allah be pleased with both of them, who said: 00:01:41.730 --> 00:01:45.730 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:01:45.730 --> 00:01:47.730 "O so-and-so, 00:01:47.730 --> 00:01:50.730 when you go to your bed, say: 00:01:50.730 --> 00:01:53.730 'O Allah, I have submitted my soul to You, 00:01:53.730 --> 00:01:56.730 I have turned my face toward You, 00:01:56.730 --> 00:01:59.730 I have entrusted my affair to You, 00:01:59.730 --> 00:02:01.730 and I have sought refuge in You, 00:02:01.730 --> 00:02:04.730 out of desire and fear of You. 00:02:04.730 --> 00:02:08.789 There is no refuge or escape from You except to You. 00:02:08.789 --> 00:02:12.919 I believe in Your Book which You have revealed, 00:02:12.919 --> 00:02:15.919 and Your Prophet whom You have sent.' 00:02:15.979 --> 00:02:18.979 For if you die that night, 00:02:18.979 --> 00:02:20.979 you will die upon the natural state (fitrah), 00:02:20.979 --> 00:02:23.979 and if you wake up, you will have attained good." 00:02:23.979 --> 00:02:26.110 Agreed upon. 00:02:26.110 --> 00:02:29.340 In a narration in the two Sahihs, 00:02:29.340 --> 00:02:31.340 on the authority of al-Bara’, he said: 00:02:31.340 --> 00:02:35.340 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said to me: 00:02:35.340 --> 00:02:37.460 "When you come to your bed, 00:02:37.460 --> 00:02:40.460 perform ablution as you do for prayer, 00:02:40.460 --> 00:02:44.460 then lie on your right side and say..." 00:02:44.460 --> 00:02:46.460 and he mentioned the like of it. 00:02:46.460 --> 00:02:47.460 Then he said: 00:02:47.460 --> 00:02:51.460 "And let these be the last words you speak." 00:02:51.460 --> 00:02:53.259 "When you go to your bed" (awayt): 00:02:53.259 --> 00:02:56.300 meaning when you retire and settle down. 00:02:56.300 --> 00:02:58.300 "I have submitted my soul to You": 00:02:58.300 --> 00:03:01.300 meaning I have made it compliant to You, 00:03:01.300 --> 00:03:03.300 obedient to Your command, 00:03:03.300 --> 00:03:06.550 and content with Your decree and predestination. 00:03:06.550 --> 00:03:07.550 "I have sought refuge" (alja’tu): 00:03:07.550 --> 00:03:09.680 meaning I have leaned upon. 00:03:09.680 --> 00:03:11.680 "I have turned my face toward You": 00:03:11.680 --> 00:03:15.900 meaning I have turned to You, content and satisfied. 00:03:15.900 --> 00:03:17.900 "I have entrusted my affair to You": 00:03:17.900 --> 00:03:22.060 meaning I have relied upon You in all my affairs. 00:03:22.060 --> 00:03:24.060 "I have sought refuge in You" (alja’tu zahri): 00:03:24.060 --> 00:03:26.060 meaning I have sought protection in You, 00:03:26.060 --> 00:03:29.159 and leaned my soul upon Your preservation. 00:03:29.159 --> 00:03:32.159 "Out of desire and fear of You": 00:03:32.159 --> 00:03:36.509 meaning out of hope for Your reward and fear of Your punishment. 00:03:36.509 --> 00:03:38.509 "No refuge or escape": 00:03:38.509 --> 00:03:41.509 meaning no shelter or salvation. 00:03:41.509 --> 00:03:43.669 "The natural state" (al-fitrah): 00:03:43.669 --> 00:03:47.830 meaning the correct religion and complete faith. 00:03:47.830 --> 00:03:48.830 "Your bed" (madja‘ak): 00:03:48.830 --> 00:03:51.930 meaning your bedding and place of sleep. 00:03:51.930 --> 00:03:52.930 "Your side" (shaqqak): 00:03:52.930 --> 00:03:54.990 meaning your flank. 00:03:54.990 --> 00:03:55.990 "The like of it": 00:03:55.990 --> 00:03:59.219 meaning the same meaning as the preceding hadith. 00:03:59.219 --> 00:04:01.219 "The last words you speak": 00:04:01.219 --> 00:04:04.219 meaning from the supplications before sleep. 00:04:04.219 --> 00:04:08.400 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:04:08.400 --> 00:04:11.400 The recommendation to teach people good 00:04:11.400 --> 00:04:13.530 and encourage them to say it. 00:04:13.530 --> 00:04:18.529 Islam’s concern for all affairs of life and the matters of the servants, 00:04:18.529 --> 00:04:20.529 in their wakefulness and their sleep, 00:04:20.529 --> 00:04:22.529 and their life and their death. 00:04:22.529 --> 00:04:26.660 Islam is the religion of the sound natural state (fitrah), 00:04:26.660 --> 00:04:30.779 to which sound intellects bear witness. 00:04:30.779 --> 00:04:35.040 The recommendation to lie on the right side. 00:04:35.040 --> 00:04:40.040 The recommendation to make these words the last thing a servant says before sleeping. 00:04:40.040 --> 00:04:46.230 The people of faith take refuge in Allah the Exalted in all their states. 00:04:46.230 --> 00:04:50.230 Renewing the covenant with Allah the Almighty every night, 00:04:50.230 --> 00:04:54.230 and confirming Islam and faith in word and deed, 00:04:54.230 --> 00:04:58.230 because the affairs of the servants are in the hands of Allah the Almighty. 00:04:58.230 --> 00:05:01.420 The encouragement to perform ablution before sleep, 00:05:01.420 --> 00:05:04.420 so that one may sleep in a state of complete purity. 00:05:04.420 --> 00:05:10.180 On the authority of Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him, 00:05:10.180 --> 00:05:13.180 ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Uthman ibn ‘Amir, 00:05:13.180 --> 00:05:15.180 ibn ‘Amr ibn Ka‘b ibn Sa‘d, 00:05:15.180 --> 00:05:18.180 ibn Taym ibn Murrah ibn Ka‘b, 00:05:18.180 --> 00:05:23.180 ibn Lu’ayy ibn Ghalib al-Qurashi al-Taymi, may Allah be pleased with him. 00:05:23.180 --> 00:05:28.180 He, his father, and his mother were all Companions, may Allah be pleased with them. 00:05:28.180 --> 00:05:33.180 He said: "I looked at the feet of the polytheists while we were in the cave, 00:05:33.180 --> 00:05:35.180 and they were right above our heads. 00:05:35.180 --> 00:05:38.180 I said: 'O Messenger of Allah, 00:05:38.180 --> 00:05:43.180 if one of them were to look down at his feet, he would see us.' 00:05:43.180 --> 00:05:48.180 He replied: 'What do you think, O Abu Bakr, of two 00:05:48.180 --> 00:05:50.180 of whom Allah is the third?'" 00:05:51.250 --> 00:05:54.779 Agreed upon. 00:05:54.779 --> 00:05:56.779 "The feet of the polytheists": 00:05:56.779 --> 00:06:00.779 those who were tracking the feet of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:06:00.779 --> 00:06:01.779 and searching for him 00:06:01.779 --> 00:06:05.980 when he migrated from Makkah to Madinah. 00:06:05.980 --> 00:06:09.139 The cave is the Cave of Thawr. 00:06:09.139 --> 00:06:13.899 "Right above our heads" means above us. 00:06:13.899 --> 00:06:16.000 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:06:16.000 --> 00:06:19.000 The merit of Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, 00:06:19.000 --> 00:06:23.000 in his companionship to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:06:23.000 --> 00:06:26.000 during his migration from Makkah to Madinah. 00:06:26.000 --> 00:06:30.350 The intensity of Abu Bakr’s compassion, may Allah be pleased with him, 00:06:30.350 --> 00:06:34.350 and the extent of his love for the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:06:34.350 --> 00:06:39.540 and his fear for him and for the Message from the enemies. 00:06:39.540 --> 00:06:42.540 The obligation of trust in Allah the Almighty, 00:06:42.540 --> 00:06:45.540 and tranquility in His care and protection, 00:06:45.540 --> 00:06:49.540 after exerting effort in taking precautions and being wary. 00:06:49.540 --> 00:06:53.829 Allah the Exalted’s care for His prophets and His allies, 00:06:53.829 --> 00:06:56.829 and His protection of them with victory. 00:06:56.829 --> 00:07:01.120 The courage of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:07:01.120 --> 00:07:04.120 and his reassurance of hearts and souls. 00:07:04.120 --> 00:07:07.279 Whoever Allah supports, none can overcome. 00:07:07.279 --> 00:07:11.569 Whoever wishes to increase the resolve of his brother, 00:07:11.569 --> 00:07:15.569 let him connect his heart to Allah the Exalted’s care for him. 00:07:15.569 --> 00:07:18.949 The permissibility of hiding from the disbelievers and the oppressors 00:07:18.949 --> 00:07:21.949 if a caller to the truth fears for his life, 00:07:21.949 --> 00:07:23.949 or that he might be tempted away from his religion. 00:07:23.949 --> 00:07:29.209 The obligation of migration from the land of disbelief to the land of Islam. 00:07:29.209 --> 00:07:33.389 On the authority of the Mother of the Believers, Umm Salamah, 00:07:33.389 --> 00:07:38.389 whose name is Hind bint Abi Umayyah Hudhayfah al-Makhzumiyyah, 00:07:38.389 --> 00:07:41.389 may Allah be pleased with her, 00:07:41.389 --> 00:07:44.389 that the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:07:44.389 --> 00:07:47.389 used to say when he left his house: 00:07:47.389 --> 00:07:49.389 "In the name of Allah, 00:07:49.389 --> 00:07:51.389 I rely upon Allah. 00:07:51.389 --> 00:07:55.389 O Allah, I seek refuge in You from going astray or being led astray, 00:07:55.389 --> 00:07:58.389 from slipping or being made to slip, 00:07:58.389 --> 00:08:00.389 from oppressing or being oppressed, 00:08:00.389 --> 00:08:03.389 from acting ignorantly or having ignorance acted upon me." 00:08:03.389 --> 00:08:07.620 Related by Abu Dawud, al-Tirmidhi, and others. 00:08:07.620 --> 00:08:11.149 "Going astray" (adill): 00:08:11.149 --> 00:08:15.250 meaning to lose the path of truth and not be guided to it. 00:08:15.250 --> 00:08:16.250 "Being led astray" (udall): 00:08:16.250 --> 00:08:18.250 meaning someone else leads me astray. 00:08:18.250 --> 00:08:19.339 "Slipping" (azill): 00:08:19.339 --> 00:08:22.339 meaning to slide into falsehood. 00:08:22.339 --> 00:08:23.439 "Acting ignorantly" (ajhal): 00:08:23.439 --> 00:08:26.439 meaning to fall into error and foolishness. 00:08:26.439 --> 00:08:31.100 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:08:31.100 --> 00:08:34.100 The servant begins his life outside his house 00:08:34.100 --> 00:08:38.100 by remembering Allah the Exalted and relying upon Him, 00:08:38.100 --> 00:08:40.100 and entrusting his affair to Him. 00:08:40.100 --> 00:08:43.460 The believing servant should be 00:08:43.460 --> 00:08:48.460 constantly seeking refuge in Allah from misguidance, ignorance, and oppression, 00:08:48.460 --> 00:08:51.779 and from swerving from the straight path. 00:08:51.779 --> 00:08:53.779 The source of going astray 00:08:53.779 --> 00:08:57.779 is either the whispering of the soul and its falling into seeking worldly gain, 00:08:57.779 --> 00:09:01.779 or the plotting of the devils and the doubts of the alarmists. 00:09:01.779 --> 00:09:07.000 The recommendation to persist in this remembrance when leaving the house, 00:09:07.000 --> 00:09:10.000 so that the servant may be in the protection of Allah. 00:09:10.000 --> 00:09:13.000 For whoever protects Allah, He protects him. 00:09:13.000 --> 00:09:17.149 On the authority of Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:09:17.149 --> 00:09:21.149 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:09:21.149 --> 00:09:22.149 "Whoever says— 00:09:22.149 --> 00:09:25.149 meaning when he leaves his house— 00:09:25.149 --> 00:09:26.149 'In the name of Allah, 00:09:26.149 --> 00:09:28.149 I rely upon Allah, 00:09:28.149 --> 00:09:32.149 and there is no power nor strength except by Allah,' 00:09:32.149 --> 00:09:33.149 it is said to him: 00:09:33.149 --> 00:09:36.149 'You have been guided, spared, and protected,' 00:09:36.149 --> 00:09:39.149 and the devil turns away from him." 00:09:40.149 --> 00:09:45.279 Related by Abu Dawud, al-Tirmidhi, al-Nasa'i, and others. 00:09:45.279 --> 00:09:47.279 Abu Dawud added: 00:09:47.279 --> 00:09:48.279 "He says— 00:09:48.279 --> 00:09:50.279 meaning the devil— 00:09:50.279 --> 00:09:52.279 to another devil: 00:09:52.279 --> 00:09:58.690 'How can you reach a man who has been guided, spared, and protected?'" 00:09:58.690 --> 00:09:59.690 "Protected" (wuqita): 00:09:59.690 --> 00:10:01.690 meaning preserved from every evil. 00:10:01.690 --> 00:10:03.779 "Turns away" (tanahha): 00:10:03.779 --> 00:10:08.679 meaning he moves aside from his direction and stays away from his path. 00:10:08.679 --> 00:10:10.679 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:10:10.679 --> 00:10:13.710 The virtue of relying upon Allah the Almighty 00:10:13.710 --> 00:10:15.710 and taking refuge in Him. 00:10:15.710 --> 00:10:17.710 For it is an impregnable fortress 00:10:17.710 --> 00:10:20.710 that protects the Muslim from the plotting of the devils. 00:10:20.710 --> 00:10:25.100 There is no power or strength for the servant in all his affairs 00:10:25.100 --> 00:10:27.379 except by Allah. 00:10:27.379 --> 00:10:31.379 Allah’s care and protection for the people of faith from the devil. 00:10:31.379 --> 00:10:35.769 The inability of the devils to lead astray those whom Allah has guided. 00:10:35.769 --> 00:10:39.769 And for whom He has made faith beloved and adorned it in their hearts. 00:10:39.769 --> 00:10:44.120 The collaboration of the devils to misguide the servants of Allah. 00:10:44.120 --> 00:10:48.309 The recommendation of reciting this statement when leaving the house. 00:10:48.309 --> 00:10:51.309 So that one may attain the good contained within it. 00:10:51.309 --> 00:10:55.879 On the authority of Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:10:55.879 --> 00:11:00.879 There were two brothers during the time of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:11:00.879 --> 00:11:05.879 One of them used to come to the Prophet, peace be upon him, 00:11:05.879 --> 00:11:07.879 While the other worked for a living. 00:11:07.879 --> 00:11:12.909 The one who worked complained about his brother to the Prophet, peace be upon him. 00:11:12.909 --> 00:11:16.909 He replied, "Perhaps you are being provided for because of him." 00:11:16.909 --> 00:11:22.070 Narrated by al-Tirmidhi with a chain of narration that is authentic according to the criteria of Muslim. 00:11:22.070 --> 00:11:26.139 "Worked for a living" means he earned and sought a livelihood. 00:11:26.139 --> 00:11:31.450 "Used to come to the Prophet, peace be upon him," 00:11:31.450 --> 00:11:34.450 Means he would stay in his company to receive his knowledge, 00:11:34.450 --> 00:11:37.450 And learn the rulings of the religion. 00:11:37.450 --> 00:11:39.580 "Complained" 00:11:39.580 --> 00:11:42.580 Means he brought the matter of his brother’s abandonment of work 00:11:42.580 --> 00:11:45.580 To the Prophet, peace be upon him. 00:11:45.580 --> 00:11:47.639 "Provided for because of him" 00:11:47.639 --> 00:11:51.299 Means because of him. 00:11:51.299 --> 00:11:53.399 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:11:53.399 --> 00:11:58.399 That whoever devotes himself to seeking knowledge and understanding the rulings of the religion, 00:11:58.399 --> 00:12:00.399 In order to preserve the Sharia of Allah, 00:12:00.399 --> 00:12:06.750 Then Allah will facilitate for him someone to take care of his affairs and suffice his needs. 00:12:06.750 --> 00:12:10.980 Encouragement to assist the people of knowledge and students of knowledge. 00:12:10.980 --> 00:12:15.330 A person is provided for because of those whom he supports. 00:12:15.330 --> 00:12:18.620 The permissibility of expressing a complaint to the leader or authority. 00:12:18.620 --> 00:12:23.620 It is incumbent upon the student of knowledge to earn his sustenance by the sweat of his brow, 00:12:23.620 --> 00:12:26.620 And not to be a burden upon the people. 00:12:26.620 --> 00:12:30.620 For the upper hand is better than the lower hand. 00:12:30.620 --> 00:12:35.320 Riyad al-Salihin.