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In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

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Summary of Tafsir al-Tabari.

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Abridged by Dr. 'Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammari.

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Surah al-Shu'ara'.

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In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

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“And We inspired Moses, saying: Take away My slaves by night, for ye will be pursued.” (26:52)

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And We revealed to Moses, when Pharaoh persisted in his transgression,

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That he should set out with the Children of Israel by night from the land of Egypt.

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Pharaoh and his hosts would pursue you and your people from among the Children of Israel,

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In order to prevent you from departing the land of Egypt.

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“Then Pharaoh sent into the cities summoners,” (26:53)

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“(Who said): Lo! these indeed are but a little troop,” (26:54)

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"And indeed, they are an enraged nation against us,

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And we are all a cautious and fully prepared host."

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So Pharaoh sent heralds into the cities to assemble his army and his people for him,

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Saying to them: "Indeed, these Children of Israel are a small, insignificant group,

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And indeed, this remnant has enraged us—

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By departing with the borrowed items of jewelry they took from them."

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It is also possible that this rage was due to their departure and separation from them,

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And their leaving their land against their will.

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"And indeed, we are all a cautious host,"

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Because they possess weapons, equipment, and strength.

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“Thus did We take them away from gardens and watersprings,” (26:57)

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And treasures and an honorable estate.

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“Thus (were those things taken from them) and We caused the Children of Israel to inherit them.” (26:59)

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So they pursued them at sunrise.

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Thus We expelled Pharaoh and his people from gardens and springs of water,

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And treasures of gold and silver,

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And an honorable estate—which refers to the pulpits and noble dwellings.

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Thus did We drive them out from all of that.

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And We caused the Children of Israel to inherit those gardens from which We had expelled them.

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So Pharaoh and his companions pursued the Children of Israel when the sun rose,

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And it is also said: when morning came.

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“And when the two hosts saw each other, those with Moses said: Lo! we are indeed caught.” (26:61)

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“He said: Nay, verily! for lo! my Lord is with me. He will guide me.” (26:62)

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And when the two hosts sighted each other—the host of Moses and the host of Pharaoh—

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The companions of Moses said: "We are surely overtaken!

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Now Pharaoh and his soldiers will catch up with us and slay us."

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Moses said to his people: "The matter is not as you think.

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By no means! You will never be overtaken.

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Indeed, with me is my Lord; He will guide me to a path by which I shall be saved from Pharaoh and his people."

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Then We revealed to Moses: "Strike the sea with your staff."

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So it parted, and each portion was like a towering mountain.

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It is mentioned that Allah had commanded the sea not to part until Moses struck it with his staff.

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Thus, every segment of the sea, when Moses struck it, became like a massive mountain.

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It is also mentioned that it parted into twelve paths, corresponding to the number of the tribes.

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For every tribe among them, there was a separate path.

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And We brought the others near to that place.

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“And We saved Moses and those with him, every one;” (26:65)

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Then We drowned the others.

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We brought the people of Pharaoh close to the sea right there, and led them forward into it.

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And We saved Moses from drowning, alongside all who were with him among the Children of Israel.

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Then We drowned Pharaoh and his people in the sea after We had delivered Moses from it.

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Indeed in that is a sign, yet most of them were not believers.

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And indeed, your Lord is the Almighty, the Most Merciful.

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Truly, in what I did to Pharaoh and those with him—by drowning them in the sea—

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Is a clear proof, O Muhammad, for your people that this is My established way regarding whoever follows their path.

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And there is a sign for you in My treatment of Moses and My deliverance of him:

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That I shall treat you as I treated him, if you show patience as he showed patience.

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And most of your people, O Muhammad, were not believers in the clear truth that Allah brought to you,

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For it had already preceded in My divine knowledge that they would not believe.

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And indeed, your Lord is the Almighty in His retribution against those who disbelieve in Him and deny His messengers,

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The Most Merciful toward those among His messengers and their followers whom He saves from drowning

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And from the punishment with which He chastises the disbelievers.

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“Recite unto them the story of Abraham:” (26:69)

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“When he said unto his father and his folk: What worship ye?” (26:70)

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“They said: We worship idols, and are ever devoted unto them.” (26:71)

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And relate to your people among the polytheists, O Muhammad, the story of Abraham,

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When he said to his father and his people: "What is it that you worship?"

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They said: "We worship idols,

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And we remain devoted in serving and worshipping them."

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“He said: Do they hear you when ye cry?” (26:72)

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“Or do they benefit or harm you?” (26:73)

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Abraham said to them:

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"Do these deities hear you when you call upon them,

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Or do these idols benefit you,

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By granting you any provision on account of your worship of them,

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Or do they harm you, punishing you if you abandon their worship—

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By stripping you of your wealth?"

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“They said: Nay, but we found our fathers acting on this wise.” (26:74)

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They said in response to him:

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"Nay, they do not hear us when we call upon them,

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Nor do they benefit us or cause us harm.

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Rather, we found our forefathers before us worshipping them in this manner,

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Remaining devoted to their service,

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So we simply do as they did, following their example."

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“He said: See now that which ye worship,” (26:75)

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"You and your ancient forefathers?"

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“Lo! they are (all) an enemy unto me, save the Lord of the Worlds,” (26:77)

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Abraham said to his people:

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"Have you considered these idols that you used to worship—

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You and your earliest forefathers before you?

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Indeed, they are an enemy to me if I were to worship them on the Day of Resurrection,

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And I am utterly free of them and do not worship them,

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Except the Lord of all the worlds,

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“Who created me, and He doth guide me,” (26:78)

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“And Who feedeth me and watereth me.” (26:79)

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“And when I sicken, then He healeth me,” (26:80)

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“And Who causeth me to die, then giveth me life (again),” (26:81)

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“And Who, I ardently hope, will forgive me my sin on the Day of Judgment.” (26:82)

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Who created me, and He guides me to that which is correct in speech and deed,

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And directs me toward righteousness.

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And He is the One who feeds me with food and drink;

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And when my body falls ill and suffers ailment,

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He heals me and restores my health;

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And He is the One who will cause me to die whenever He wills,

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Then bring me back to life when He desires, after my death;

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And He is the One whom I fervently hope will forgive me my sin on the Day of Judgment.

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For this Lord of mine is the One in whose hand lies my benefit and my harm,

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And to Him belong all power and absolute authority in this world and the Hereafter.

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“My Lord! Vouchsafe me wisdom and unite me to the righteous.” (26:83)

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“And give unto me a good report in later generations.” (26:84)

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"My Lord, grant me prophethood and make me a messenger to Your creation,

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So that You may join me thereby to the ranks of those messengers You sent to Your creation;

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And grant me an honorable mention and noble praise among the people,

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An enduring legacy among the generations that come after;

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“And place me among the inheritors of the Garden of Delight,” (26:85)

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And forgive my father, for he was indeed among the astray.

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“And abase me not on the day when they are raised,” (26:87)

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“The day when wealth and sons avail not (any man)” (26:88)

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“Save him who bringeth unto Allah a whole heart.” (26:89)

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"And cause me to inherit, my Lord, the dwellings of the Garden of Paradise;

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And pardon my father for his associating partners with You, and do not punish him for it—

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For he was among those who strayed from the path of guidance and disbelieved in You;

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And do not disgrace me with Your punishment on the Day when Your servants are resurrected from their graves—

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A Day when wealth possessed in the world will not benefit him who disbelieved,

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Nor will his sons who belonged to him in that worldly life;

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A Day when none will benefit except him who comes with a sound heart, free from doubt regarding Allah's oneness and the resurrection after death."

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And Paradise was brought near for the righteous,

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And the Hellfire was made manifest for the devious.

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Paradise was brought close and positioned near to those who feared the punishment of Allah in the Hereafter,

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While the Fire was made fully visible to those who strayed and deviated from the straight path.

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And it was said to the devious:

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"Where are those rivals you used to worship besides Allah?

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Can they help you today against Allah and rescue you from His punishment,

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Or can they help themselves and save their own selves from what is intended for them?"

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“Then will they be hurled therein, they and the seducers” (26:94)

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And the hosts of Iblis, all together.

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So some of them were thrown into Hell on top of others,

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Tossed one over another, cast down headlong upon their faces.

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Thus were the disbelievers and the devils hurled into it,

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As were the hosts of Iblis, all together—

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Meaning everyone who was among his followers,

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Whether from his own offspring or from the offspring of Adam.

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These devious ones, the rivals they used to worship,

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And the hosts of Iblis said while disputing with one another inside Hell:

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"By Allah, we were clearly in manifest error—as is obvious to anyone who reflects and ponders that it was falsehood and error!

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We were truly straying far from the truth,

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When we equated you with the Lord of all the worlds, worshipping you instead of Him."

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“It was but the guilty who misled us.” (26:99)

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“Now we have no intercessors” (26:100)

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"Nor any close, loyal friend."

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“Oh, that we had another turn (on earth), that we might be of the believers!” (26:102)

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“It was but the guilty who misled us.” (26:99)

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Iblis and the son of Adam who instituted murder.

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"So we have no intercessors from among distant allies to intercede for us with Allah,

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Nor any close, loyal friend from among our relatives.

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If only we could return to the worldly life, we would surely be among the believers!"

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Indeed in that is a sign, yet most of them were not believers.

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And indeed, your Lord is the Almighty, the Most Merciful.

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Truly, in the arguments that Abraham presented to his people—which We have mentioned—

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Is a clear, manifest proof for anyone who takes admonition,

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Showing that Allah's established way regarding His creation—

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Namely, those who follow the custom of Abraham's people in worshipping idols and false deities—

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Is precisely what He decreed for them in the Abode of the Hereafter:

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Their being hurled headlong into Hell alongside the hosts of Iblis.

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And most of them were not believers in His eternal, prior knowledge.

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And indeed, your Lord, O Muhammad, is severe in His retribution against whoever is worshipped besides Him,

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Yet Most Merciful toward whoever among them repents, refraining from punishing him for the sins and offenses he committed prior to his repentance.

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The people of Noah denied the messengers.

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“When their brother Noah said unto them: Will ye not ward off (evil)?” (26:106)

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"Indeed, I am to you a trustworthy messenger."

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The people of Noah denied the messengers of Allah whom He sent to them,

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When their brother Noah said to them: "Will you not fear Allah,

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And beware of His punishment for your disbelief in Him?

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Indeed, I am to you a messenger from Allah, trustworthy with His revelation.

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So fear Allah and obey me.

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And I do not ask you for any reward for it; my reward is only from the Lord of all the worlds.

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So fear Allah and obey me."

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"So fear the punishment of Allah, O people, for your disbelief in Him,

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And obey me in the sincere advice I give you.

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I do not seek from you any payment or compensation for my advice;

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My reward lies only with the Lord of all the worlds, not with you or any of Allah's creation.

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So fear Allah and obey me in my counsel."

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Summary of Tafsir al-Tabari.