WEBVTT 00:00:00.180 --> 00:00:03.580 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:03.580 --> 00:00:06.480 The Ifadah Center 00:00:06.480 --> 00:00:09.679 for Humanities Studies and Research 00:00:09.679 --> 00:00:10.980 presents 00:00:10.980 --> 00:00:16.280 An Abridgment of Sahih al-Bukhari. 00:00:16.280 --> 00:00:20.359 Chapter: Ingratitude toward the Husband, 00:00:20.359 --> 00:00:22.859 and disbelief that falls short of outright disbelief. 00:00:22.859 --> 00:00:27.079 On the authority of 'Abdullah Ibn 'Abbas, who said: 00:00:27.079 --> 00:00:33.079 The sun eclipsed during the lifetime of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:00:33.079 --> 00:00:37.640 so the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, led the prayer. 00:00:37.640 --> 00:00:43.640 He stood for a long standing, roughly the time it takes to recite Surah al-Baqarah, 00:00:43.640 --> 00:00:46.710 then bowed for a long bowing, 00:00:46.710 --> 00:00:48.210 then raised his head 00:00:48.210 --> 00:00:51.210 and stood for a long standing, 00:00:51.210 --> 00:00:54.210 though it was shorter than the first standing. 00:00:54.210 --> 00:00:57.210 Then he bowed for a long bowing, 00:00:57.210 --> 00:01:00.210 though it was shorter than the first bowing, 00:01:00.210 --> 00:01:02.210 then prostrated. 00:01:02.210 --> 00:01:05.209 Then he stood for a long standing, 00:01:05.209 --> 00:01:08.209 though it was shorter than the first standing, 00:01:08.209 --> 00:01:11.209 then bowed for a long bowing, 00:01:11.209 --> 00:01:14.209 though it was shorter than the first bowing. 00:01:14.209 --> 00:01:16.209 Then he raised his head 00:01:16.209 --> 00:01:19.209 and stood for a long standing, 00:01:19.209 --> 00:01:22.209 though it was shorter than the first standing. 00:01:22.209 --> 00:01:25.209 Then he bowed for a long bowing, 00:01:25.209 --> 00:01:28.209 though it was shorter than the first bowing, 00:01:28.209 --> 00:01:30.209 then prostrated. 00:01:30.209 --> 00:01:50.459 Then he finished the prayer just as the sun had reappeared, and he, peace be upon him, said: "Indeed, the sun and the moon are two signs among the signs of Allah; they do not eclipse for the death or life of anyone. So when you see that, remember Allah." 00:01:50.459 --> 00:02:00.620 They said: "O Messenger of Allah, we saw you reach out for something while standing, and then we saw you draw back." 00:02:00.620 --> 00:02:24.750 He, peace be upon him, said: "Indeed, I saw Paradise and reached out for a cluster of grapes; had I taken it, you would have eaten from it for the remainder of this world. And I was shown the Hellfire, and I have never seen a sight more terrifying than what I saw today, and I saw that the majority of its inhabitants were women." 00:02:24.879 --> 00:02:52.199 They asked: "Why is that, O Messenger of Allah?" He replied: "Because of their ingratitude (kufr)." It was asked: "Do they disbelieve in Allah?" He replied: "They are ungrateful to their husbands and ungrateful for kind treatment. If you were to treat one of them kindly for an entire lifetime, and then she saw something displeasing in you, she would say: 'I have never seen any good from you!'" 00:02:52.199 --> 00:02:56.509 Commentary on the Hadith: 00:02:56.509 --> 00:03:00.509 "Chapter: Ingratitude toward the husband, and disbelief that falls short of outright disbelief." 00:03:00.509 --> 00:03:05.610 This chapter serves to point out that sins diminish one's faith, 00:03:05.610 --> 00:03:10.610 but do not expel the perpetrator into the disbelief that entails eternal damnation in the Fire. 00:03:10.610 --> 00:03:12.830 "The sun eclipsed": 00:03:12.830 --> 00:03:17.830 An eclipse is a well-known celestial phenomenon; 00:03:17.830 --> 00:03:20.830 some people designate the term *khusuf* for the moon 00:03:20.830 --> 00:03:24.150 and *kusuf* for the sun. 00:03:24.150 --> 00:03:27.150 "Roughly the time it takes to recite Surah al-Baqarah": 00:03:27.150 --> 00:03:30.150 That is, the duration of reciting Surah al-Baqarah, 00:03:30.150 --> 00:03:33.150 which indicates that this lengthy recitation is recommended, 00:03:33.150 --> 00:03:36.150 and that the recitation was performed silently. 00:03:36.150 --> 00:03:38.699 "The sun had reappeared": 00:03:38.699 --> 00:03:40.699 Meaning it was uncovered and shone brightly again. 00:03:40.699 --> 00:03:42.860 "Reached out": 00:03:42.860 --> 00:03:45.979 Meaning: I extended my hand to take it. 00:03:45.979 --> 00:03:46.979 "Drew back": 00:03:46.979 --> 00:03:51.460 Meaning: I hesitated and stepped backward. 00:03:51.460 --> 00:03:55.460 "Had I taken it, you would have eaten from it for the remainder of this world": 00:03:55.460 --> 00:03:58.460 He means that they would have eaten from it, 00:03:58.460 --> 00:04:00.460 and those after them would have eaten from it, 00:04:00.460 --> 00:04:03.460 until this world comes to an end, 00:04:03.460 --> 00:04:09.460 because it would never perish or cease upon the death of the Prophet, peace be upon him. 00:04:09.460 --> 00:04:11.659 "*Qatt*" (ever / at all): 00:04:11.659 --> 00:04:13.659 Used to emphasize the negation of past actions. 00:04:13.659 --> 00:04:15.879 "More terrifying": 00:04:15.879 --> 00:04:17.879 Meaning more horrific and severe. 00:04:17.879 --> 00:04:19.040 "They are ungrateful (*yakfurna*)": 00:04:19.040 --> 00:04:21.040 That is, they deny and show ungratefulness. 00:04:21.040 --> 00:04:23.100 "The husband (*al-'ashir*)": 00:04:23.100 --> 00:04:24.100 That is, the spouse; 00:04:24.100 --> 00:04:27.100 the term applies to both male and female, 00:04:27.100 --> 00:04:32.709 because each of them cohabits with their partner. 00:04:32.709 --> 00:04:36.449 Key benefits of the hadith: 00:04:36.449 --> 00:04:37.449 First: 00:04:37.449 --> 00:04:43.449 The Sunnah for the eclipse prayer is that it be performed in congregation and in the mosque, following the Prophetic practice. 00:04:43.449 --> 00:04:45.769 Second: 00:04:45.769 --> 00:04:47.769 Its description is two rak'ahs; 00:04:47.769 --> 00:04:50.769 in each rak'ah there are two long standings 00:04:50.769 --> 00:04:52.769 and two long bowings. 00:04:52.769 --> 00:04:54.990 Third: 00:04:54.990 --> 00:04:58.990 The hadith provides evidence that prayer is recommended 00:04:58.990 --> 00:05:01.990 upon the occurrence of any cosmic sign, 00:05:01.990 --> 00:05:03.990 such as an earthquake. 00:05:03.990 --> 00:05:06.180 Fourth: 00:05:06.180 --> 00:05:09.180 Minor movement during prayer does not invalidate it, 00:05:09.180 --> 00:05:13.180 for he, peace be upon him, reached forward 00:05:13.180 --> 00:05:15.180 and then drew back. 00:05:15.180 --> 00:05:17.500 Fifth: 00:05:17.500 --> 00:05:20.500 Paradise and the Hellfire are already created and presently exist. 00:05:20.500 --> 00:05:22.629 Sixth: 00:05:22.629 --> 00:05:24.629 Faith consists of both speech and action; 00:05:24.629 --> 00:05:28.629 it increases with obedience and decreases with disobedience. 00:05:28.629 --> 00:05:30.759 Seventh: 00:05:30.759 --> 00:05:32.759 A woman's denial of her husband's rights 00:05:32.759 --> 00:05:35.759 is a deficiency in her faith, 00:05:35.759 --> 00:05:38.759 whereas her faith increases by being grateful to her husband 00:05:38.759 --> 00:05:40.759 and through righteous deeds. 00:05:40.759 --> 00:05:42.920 Eighth: 00:05:42.920 --> 00:05:43.920 In this hadith 00:05:43.920 --> 00:05:46.920 is an indication of the immense right of the husband; 00:05:47.920 --> 00:05:50.920 this is why neglecting it was designated 00:05:50.920 --> 00:05:52.920 with the word *kufr* (ingratitude/disbelief). 00:05:52.920 --> 00:05:55.079 Ninth: 00:05:55.079 --> 00:05:58.079 Just as acts of obedience are termed faith, 00:05:58.079 --> 00:06:01.079 sins are likewise termed *kufr*, 00:06:01.079 --> 00:06:04.079 yet when the term *kufr* is applied to them, 00:06:04.079 --> 00:06:08.079 it does not mean the major disbelief that expels one from the fold of Islam. 00:06:08.079 --> 00:06:11.839 Chapter: 00:06:11.839 --> 00:06:14.839 Sins are remnants of the pre-Islamic Jahiliyyah, 00:06:14.839 --> 00:06:17.839 and the one who commits them is not deemed a disbeliever 00:06:17.839 --> 00:06:19.839 unless he commits polytheism (shirk). 00:06:19.839 --> 00:06:22.420 On the authority of al-Ma'rur, 00:06:22.420 --> 00:06:24.420 from Abu Dharr, 00:06:24.420 --> 00:06:25.420 who said: 00:06:25.420 --> 00:06:27.420 "I saw him wearing a cloak, 00:06:27.420 --> 00:06:30.480 and his servant was wearing an identical cloak. 00:06:30.480 --> 00:06:32.480 So I said: 00:06:32.480 --> 00:06:34.480 'If you took this one and wore it along with yours, 00:06:34.480 --> 00:06:36.480 it would make a complete suit, 00:06:36.480 --> 00:06:39.540 and you could give him another garment instead.' 00:06:39.540 --> 00:06:41.540 He replied: 00:06:41.540 --> 00:06:44.540 'There was an argument between me and another man, 00:06:44.540 --> 00:06:47.540 and his mother was of non-Arab descent, 00:06:47.540 --> 00:06:49.540 so I reviled her. 00:06:49.540 --> 00:06:53.540 He then mentioned me to the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:06:53.540 --> 00:06:55.540 who said to me: 00:06:55.540 --> 00:06:57.540 "Did you insult so-and-so?" 00:06:57.540 --> 00:06:59.540 I said: "Yes." 00:06:59.540 --> 00:07:01.540 He said: 00:07:01.540 --> 00:07:03.579 "Did you slander his mother?" 00:07:03.579 --> 00:07:05.610 I said: "Yes." 00:07:05.610 --> 00:07:06.610 He said: 00:07:06.610 --> 00:07:09.610 "You are indeed a man who still has some Jahiliyyah in you." 00:07:09.610 --> 00:07:12.670 I said: "Even at this hour of my life, 00:07:12.670 --> 00:07:15.740 at my advanced age?" 00:07:15.740 --> 00:07:16.740 He said: 00:07:16.740 --> 00:07:17.740 "Yes. 00:07:17.740 --> 00:07:19.740 They are your brethren."' 00:07:19.740 --> 00:07:21.740 And in another narration: 00:07:21.740 --> 00:07:23.740 '"O Abu Dharr, 00:07:23.740 --> 00:07:25.740 did you taunt him regarding his mother? 00:07:25.740 --> 00:07:28.740 You are indeed a man who still has some Jahiliyyah in you. 00:07:28.740 --> 00:07:31.740 Your servants are your brothers, 00:07:31.740 --> 00:07:34.899 whom Allah has placed under your authority. 00:07:34.899 --> 00:07:38.899 So whoever has his brother under his authority, 00:07:38.899 --> 00:07:41.899 let him feed him from what he eats, 00:07:41.899 --> 00:07:44.899 and clothe him with what he wears, 00:07:44.899 --> 00:07:48.899 and do not burden him with work that overpowers him; 00:07:48.899 --> 00:07:51.959 and if you burden him with what overpowers him, 00:07:51.959 --> 00:07:53.959 then assist him with it."' 00:07:53.959 --> 00:07:58.660 Commentary on the Hadith: 00:07:58.660 --> 00:08:01.660 "Sins are remnants of the pre-Islamic Jahiliyyah": 00:08:01.660 --> 00:08:04.850 Jahiliyyah refers to the pre-Islamic era; 00:08:04.850 --> 00:08:08.850 they were so named due to the severity of their ignorance, 00:08:08.850 --> 00:08:14.850 and the term may also be applied to a specific act or person reflecting that state of ignorance. 00:08:14.850 --> 00:08:17.170 "Between me and another man": 00:08:17.170 --> 00:08:20.550 It is said that this was Bilal, may Allah be pleased with him. 00:08:20.550 --> 00:08:21.550 "A suit (*hullah*)": 00:08:21.550 --> 00:08:24.550 A *hullah* consists of a two-piece matching garment. 00:08:24.550 --> 00:08:27.740 "You are indeed a man who still has some Jahiliyyah in you": 00:08:27.740 --> 00:08:33.740 Meaning that in taunting him about his mother, you exhibited a trait from the traits of Jahiliyyah, 00:08:33.740 --> 00:08:36.740 though you are not an absolute pagan of Jahiliyyah. 00:08:36.740 --> 00:08:38.899 "Your servants (*khawwalukum*)": 00:08:38.899 --> 00:08:40.899 Meaning your attendants; 00:08:40.899 --> 00:08:44.899 they are so named because they tend to affairs, 00:08:44.899 --> 00:08:47.899 meaning they manage them and take care of them. 00:08:47.899 --> 00:08:52.190 "And do not burden him with work that overpowers him": 00:08:52.190 --> 00:08:57.190 Meaning do not assign him tasks that he is incapable of performing or unable to bear; 00:08:57.190 --> 00:08:59.480 "then assist him": 00:08:59.480 --> 00:09:01.480 Meaning help him do it. 00:09:01.480 --> 00:09:06.139 Key benefits of the hadith: 00:09:06.139 --> 00:09:07.139 First: 00:09:07.139 --> 00:09:11.139 The instruction to avoid the manners of Jahiliyyah. 00:09:11.139 --> 00:09:12.370 Second: 00:09:12.370 --> 00:09:16.370 Evidence overwhelmingly converges on the command to be gentle with the vulnerable, 00:09:16.370 --> 00:09:18.370 to treat them with humility, 00:09:18.370 --> 00:09:23.370 and on the prohibition of looking down upon them or acting haughtily toward them. 00:09:23.370 --> 00:09:24.590 Third: 00:09:24.590 --> 00:09:27.590 The prohibition of reviling and taunting others, 00:09:27.590 --> 00:09:30.590 and the encouragement to treat all creation with benevolence. 00:09:30.590 --> 00:09:33.539 Chapter: 00:09:33.539 --> 00:09:41.539 "And if two factions among the believers fight, then make peace between them" — 00:09:41.539 --> 00:09:44.539 thus He still called them believers. 00:09:44.539 --> 00:09:47.149 On the authority of al-Ahnaf Ibn Qays, 00:09:47.149 --> 00:09:48.149 who said: 00:09:48.149 --> 00:09:51.149 "I set out to support this man, 00:09:51.149 --> 00:09:54.220 but Abu Bakrah met me and asked: 00:09:54.220 --> 00:09:56.220 'Where do you intend to go?' 00:09:56.220 --> 00:09:57.220 I replied: 00:09:57.220 --> 00:09:59.220 'To support this man.' 00:09:59.220 --> 00:10:00.220 He said: 00:10:00.220 --> 00:10:02.220 'Go back, 00:10:02.220 --> 00:10:07.220 for I heard the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, say: 00:10:07.220 --> 00:10:11.220 "When two Muslims confront each other with their swords, 00:10:11.220 --> 00:10:14.220 both the killer and the killed are in the Fire." 00:10:14.220 --> 00:10:16.309 I asked: "O Messenger of Allah, 00:10:16.309 --> 00:10:18.309 this applies to the killer, 00:10:18.309 --> 00:10:21.309 but what is the case with the one who was killed?" 00:10:21.309 --> 00:10:22.309 He replied: 00:10:22.309 --> 00:10:27.309 "He was eagerly intent on killing his companion."' 00:10:27.309 --> 00:10:31.080 Commentary on the Hadith: 00:10:31.080 --> 00:10:32.429 "Chapter: 00:10:32.429 --> 00:10:38.429 'And if two factions among the believers fight, then make peace between them'": 00:10:38.429 --> 00:10:40.529 "Two factions": 00:10:40.529 --> 00:10:43.529 Meaning two parties of Muslims. 00:10:43.529 --> 00:10:44.590 "The man" 00:10:44.590 --> 00:10:48.590 refers to 'Ali ibn Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him). 00:10:48.590 --> 00:10:50.850 "When two Muslims meet..." 00:10:50.850 --> 00:10:53.850 meaning when two Muslims confront each other 00:10:53.850 --> 00:10:56.850 and strike one another with swords, 00:10:56.850 --> 00:11:00.100 "both the killer and the killed are in the Fire." 00:11:00.100 --> 00:11:02.100 That is, they deserve it, 00:11:02.100 --> 00:11:05.100 though their ultimate fate rests with Allah Almighty. 00:11:05.100 --> 00:11:08.299 "He was eager to kill his companion" 00:11:08.299 --> 00:11:11.299 demonstrates that a firm resolve to commit a sin 00:11:11.299 --> 00:11:14.299 and the settled intent to carry it out is itself an act of disobedience 00:11:14.299 --> 00:11:16.299 that incurs guilt, 00:11:16.299 --> 00:11:19.299 even if one did not actually commit it or utter it. 00:11:19.299 --> 00:11:23.059 Key takeaways from the hadith: 00:11:23.059 --> 00:11:24.929 First: 00:11:24.929 --> 00:11:27.929 The perpetrator of a major sin does not become a disbeliever, 00:11:27.929 --> 00:11:31.929 nor do they cease to be termed a believer and a Muslim. 00:11:31.929 --> 00:11:33.149 Second: 00:11:33.149 --> 00:11:37.149 Whoever dies upon Tawhid will not abide eternally in the Fire. 00:11:37.149 --> 00:11:39.250 Third: 00:11:39.250 --> 00:11:43.250 The guidance to refrain from fighting during times of civil strife (fitnah). 00:11:43.250 --> 00:11:44.379 Fourth: 00:11:45.379 --> 00:11:50.379 The obligation to withhold judgment regarding the disputes that arose among the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them), 00:11:50.379 --> 00:11:53.379 while maintaining the best opinion of them. 00:11:53.379 --> 00:11:55.750 Chapter: 00:11:55.750 --> 00:11:59.230 Wrongdoing of a Lesser Degree than Ultimate Wrongdoing. 00:11:59.230 --> 00:12:03.230 On the authority of 'Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 00:12:03.230 --> 00:12:05.230 "When the verse was revealed: 00:12:05.230 --> 00:12:10.230 “Those who believe and obscure not their belief by wrongdoing, theirs is safety; and they are rightly guided.” (6:82) 00:12:10.230 --> 00:12:13.230 it weighed heavily upon the Muslims, 00:12:13.230 --> 00:12:16.230 and they said, 'O Messenger of Allah! 00:12:16.230 --> 00:12:19.230 Which of us does not wrong himself?' 00:12:19.230 --> 00:12:20.330 He replied, 00:12:20.330 --> 00:12:22.330 'It is not as you think; 00:12:22.330 --> 00:12:24.330 it refers only to shirk (polytheism). 00:12:24.330 --> 00:12:29.330 Have you not heard what Luqman said to his son while admonishing him?'" 00:12:29.330 --> 00:12:33.360 “And (remember) when Luqman said unto his son, when he was exhorting him: O my dear son! Ascribe no partners unto Allah. Lo! to ascribe partners (unto Him) is a tremendous wrong -” (31:13) 00:12:33.360 --> 00:12:36.360 “And (remember) when Luqman said unto his son, when he was exhorting him: O my dear son! Ascribe no partners unto Allah. Lo! to ascribe partners (unto Him) is a tremendous wrong -” (31:13) 00:12:36.360 --> 00:12:40.350 Commentary on the hadith: 00:12:40.350 --> 00:12:43.899 "Chapter: Wrongdoing of a Lesser Degree than Ultimate Wrongdoing" 00:12:43.899 --> 00:12:46.899 means that the varieties of wrongdoing (dhulm) are of varying degrees, 00:12:46.899 --> 00:12:49.899 some being lighter than others. 00:12:49.899 --> 00:12:52.220 "They do not obscure..." 00:12:52.220 --> 00:12:54.220 meaning they do not mix 00:12:54.220 --> 00:12:55.220 "...with wrongdoing." 00:12:55.220 --> 00:12:59.220 Wrongdoing essentially means placing a thing outside its proper place; 00:12:59.220 --> 00:13:02.220 and whoever directs worship to other than Allah Almighty 00:13:02.220 --> 00:13:05.220 is indeed among the most unjust of wrongdoers. 00:13:05.220 --> 00:13:07.470 "It weighed heavily..." 00:13:07.470 --> 00:13:09.470 meaning it became burdensome for them, 00:13:09.470 --> 00:13:12.470 because they understood "wrongdoing" in an absolute, general sense. 00:13:12.470 --> 00:13:14.659 "While admonishing him..." 00:13:14.659 --> 00:13:15.659 Admonition (wa'z) 00:13:15.659 --> 00:13:18.659 is sincere counsel and reminding one of the consequences. 00:13:18.659 --> 00:13:22.370 Key takeaways from the hadith: 00:13:22.370 --> 00:13:24.419 First: 00:13:24.419 --> 00:13:27.419 Faith attains completeness through righteous deeds; 00:13:27.419 --> 00:13:29.419 sins diminish it, 00:13:29.419 --> 00:13:32.419 yet they do not expel one into disbelief. 00:13:32.419 --> 00:13:33.580 Second: 00:13:33.580 --> 00:13:36.580 Whoever associates partners with Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, 00:13:36.580 --> 00:13:38.580 has indeed wronged his own soul. 00:13:38.580 --> 00:13:43.600 Chapter: The Signs of a Hypocrite. 00:13:43.600 --> 00:13:46.240 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, 00:13:46.240 --> 00:13:50.240 from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), who said: 00:13:50.240 --> 00:13:54.340 "The signs of a hypocrite are three: 00:13:54.340 --> 00:13:56.340 whenever he speaks, he lies; 00:13:56.340 --> 00:13:58.340 whenever he makes a promise, he breaks it; 00:13:58.340 --> 00:14:02.230 and whenever he is entrusted, he betrays that trust." 00:14:02.230 --> 00:14:05.779 Commentary on the hadith: 00:14:05.779 --> 00:14:07.779 "The sign of a hypocrite" 00:14:07.779 --> 00:14:10.289 means his distinguishing mark. 00:14:10.289 --> 00:14:14.309 Key takeaways from the hadith: 00:14:14.309 --> 00:14:15.309 First: 00:14:15.309 --> 00:14:17.309 Among the traits of hypocrisy are: 00:14:17.309 --> 00:14:18.309 lying, 00:14:18.309 --> 00:14:20.309 failing to keep promises, 00:14:20.309 --> 00:14:22.309 and breach of trust. 00:14:22.309 --> 00:14:23.629 Second: 00:14:23.629 --> 00:14:25.629 His statement "are three" 00:14:25.629 --> 00:14:27.629 is not meant to be exhaustive; 00:14:27.629 --> 00:14:30.629 rather, other traits exist as well. 00:14:30.629 --> 00:14:35.070 On the authority of 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar, 00:14:35.070 --> 00:14:39.070 that the Prophet (peace be upon him) said: 00:14:39.070 --> 00:14:41.070 "Four traits, whoever possesses them 00:14:41.070 --> 00:14:44.070 is a pure hypocrite; 00:14:44.070 --> 00:14:47.070 and whoever possesses one of them 00:14:48.070 --> 00:14:51.070 possesses a trait of hypocrisy 00:14:51.070 --> 00:14:53.070 until he abandons it: 00:14:53.070 --> 00:14:55.259 whenever he is entrusted, he betrays; 00:14:55.259 --> 00:14:57.259 whenever he speaks, he lies; 00:14:57.259 --> 00:15:00.259 whenever he makes a covenant, he acts treacherously; 00:15:00.259 --> 00:15:03.259 and whenever he disputes, he behaves insolently." 00:15:03.259 --> 00:15:07.610 Commentary on the hadith: 00:15:07.610 --> 00:15:10.610 "Is a pure hypocrite" 00:15:10.610 --> 00:15:11.610 means 00:15:11.610 --> 00:15:14.610 he bears a very strong resemblance to the hypocrites. 00:15:14.610 --> 00:15:15.700 "A trait" 00:15:15.700 --> 00:15:17.700 denotes a characteristic or attribute. 00:15:17.700 --> 00:15:18.899 "Acts treacherously": 00:15:18.899 --> 00:15:21.899 Treachery (ghadr) is the failure to fulfill one's word, 00:15:21.899 --> 00:15:24.899 and the breaching and abandonment of a covenant. 00:15:24.899 --> 00:15:26.220 "Behaves insolently": 00:15:26.220 --> 00:15:28.220 That is, he deviates from the truth 00:15:28.220 --> 00:15:31.220 and utters falsehood and perjury. 00:15:31.220 --> 00:15:35.049 Key takeaways from the hadith: 00:15:35.049 --> 00:15:37.039 First: 00:15:37.039 --> 00:15:40.039 A warning against the characteristics of hypocrisy. 00:15:40.039 --> 00:15:41.169 Second: 00:15:41.169 --> 00:15:45.169 The consensus that whoever exhibits these traits 00:15:45.169 --> 00:15:47.169 is not judged to be a disbeliever, 00:15:47.169 --> 00:15:50.169 nor will he abide eternally in the Fire. 00:15:50.169 --> 00:15:53.059 Chapter: 00:15:53.059 --> 00:15:57.059 Praying at Night on Laylat al-Qadr is Part of Faith. 00:15:57.059 --> 00:16:00.600 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), 00:16:00.600 --> 00:16:04.600 from the Prophet (peace be upon him), who said: 00:16:04.600 --> 00:16:08.629 "Whoever fasts Ramadan out of faith and anticipation of reward, 00:16:08.629 --> 00:16:12.629 his past sins will be forgiven; 00:16:12.629 --> 00:16:16.889 and whoever stands in prayer on Laylat al-Qadr out of faith 00:16:16.889 --> 00:16:18.889 and anticipation of reward, 00:16:18.889 --> 00:16:22.889 his past sins will be forgiven." 00:16:22.889 --> 00:16:27.039 Commentary on the hadith: 00:16:27.039 --> 00:16:30.039 "Praying at Night on Laylat al-Qadr is Part of Faith" 00:16:30.039 --> 00:16:35.230 means that standing in prayer on Laylat al-Qadr is one of the branches of faith. 00:16:35.230 --> 00:16:36.230 "Out of faith" 00:16:36.230 --> 00:16:39.230 means believing with conviction that it is true, 00:16:39.230 --> 00:16:43.230 affirming the virtue of fasting it and standing in prayer during it. 00:16:43.230 --> 00:16:45.490 "And anticipation of reward" 00:16:45.490 --> 00:16:49.490 means doing so sincerely, seeking solely the Face of Allah Almighty; 00:16:49.490 --> 00:16:53.490 for a person might perform an act believing in its truth without being sincere, 00:16:53.490 --> 00:16:57.490 but rather out of ostentation, fear, desire for status, 00:16:57.490 --> 00:16:59.490 or the like. 00:16:59.490 --> 00:17:03.960 Key takeaways from the hadith: 00:17:03.960 --> 00:17:04.960 First: 00:17:04.960 --> 00:17:07.960 Encouragement to fast Ramadan 00:17:07.960 --> 00:17:09.960 and to stand in prayer on Laylat al-Qadr, 00:17:09.960 --> 00:17:13.250 both of which bring about the forgiveness of sins. 00:17:13.250 --> 00:17:14.250 Second: 00:17:14.250 --> 00:17:18.250 Encouragement toward sincerity and anticipating Allah's reward for one's deeds. 00:17:18.250 --> 00:17:21.170 Chapter: 00:17:21.170 --> 00:17:24.170 Jihad is Part of Faith. 00:17:24.170 --> 00:17:26.740 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, 00:17:26.740 --> 00:17:30.740 from the Prophet (peace be upon him), who said: 00:17:30.740 --> 00:17:34.809 "Allah guarantees for the one who goes out in His cause— 00:17:34.809 --> 00:17:37.809 nothing prompting him to go out except faith in Me 00:17:37.809 --> 00:17:40.809 and affirmation of My messengers— 00:17:40.809 --> 00:17:45.809 that I will return him with whatever reward or booty he obtained, 00:17:45.809 --> 00:17:49.059 or admit him into Paradise. 00:17:49.059 --> 00:17:52.059 Were it not that I would place a hardship upon my Ummah, 00:17:52.059 --> 00:17:55.059 I would never have stayed behind any expedition." 00:17:55.059 --> 00:17:57.380 And in another narration: 00:17:57.380 --> 00:17:59.380 "By the One in Whose Hand is my soul! 00:17:59.380 --> 00:18:03.380 Were it not that there are men among the believers 00:18:03.380 --> 00:18:07.380 who are not pleased to stay behind me, 00:18:07.380 --> 00:18:10.380 while I find no mounts to provide them, 00:18:10.380 --> 00:18:15.380 I would never stay behind an expedition raiding in the cause of Allah. 00:18:15.380 --> 00:18:21.740 I would love to be killed in the cause of Allah, then brought to life, 00:18:21.740 --> 00:18:26.740 then killed, then brought to life, and then killed." 00:18:26.740 --> 00:18:30.569 Commentary on the hadith: 00:18:30.569 --> 00:18:33.240 "Jihad is Part of Faith" 00:18:33.240 --> 00:18:36.240 means that jihad is one of the branches of faith. 00:18:36.240 --> 00:18:40.240 It is mentioned right after the chapter on praying on Laylat al-Qadr 00:18:40.240 --> 00:18:45.240 because catching Laylat al-Qadr also requires personal striving (mujahadah). 00:18:45.240 --> 00:18:47.589 "Allah guarantees" (intadaba Allah) 00:18:47.589 --> 00:18:49.589 means He has undertaken and assured, 00:18:49.589 --> 00:18:53.849 hastening with His reward and gracious recompense. 00:18:53.849 --> 00:18:56.849 "Faith in Me and affirmation of My messengers" 00:18:56.849 --> 00:19:02.849 means faith in My promise to reward him with Paradise for his jihad, 00:19:02.849 --> 00:19:05.849 and affirming My Messenger in that regard. 00:19:05.849 --> 00:19:07.039 "Return" 00:19:07.039 --> 00:19:09.039 means I will bring him back 00:19:09.039 --> 00:19:11.069 "with whatever he obtained," 00:19:11.069 --> 00:19:13.069 meaning whatever he acquired of bounty, 00:19:13.069 --> 00:19:15.069 which is the bestowal. 00:19:15.069 --> 00:19:16.359 "Behind" 00:19:16.359 --> 00:19:18.460 means after. 00:19:18.460 --> 00:19:19.460 "An expedition" (sariyyah): 00:19:19.460 --> 00:19:25.000 A sariyyah is a detachment of an army dispatched toward the enemy. 00:19:25.000 --> 00:19:28.829 Key takeaways from the hadith: 00:19:28.829 --> 00:19:29.829 First: 00:19:29.829 --> 00:19:31.829 An explanation of the virtue of jihad 00:19:31.829 --> 00:19:36.119 and the virtue of being slain in the cause of Allah Almighty. 00:19:36.119 --> 00:19:37.119 Second: 00:19:37.119 --> 00:19:40.380 The encouragement to maintain a righteous intention. 00:19:40.380 --> 00:19:42.380 Third: 00:19:42.380 --> 00:19:48.470 The manifestation of his (peace be upon him) deep compassion and mercy toward his Ummah. 00:19:48.470 --> 00:19:50.470 Fourth: 00:19:50.470 --> 00:19:52.470 The permissibility of a person saying: 00:19:52.470 --> 00:19:55.470 "I wish for such-and-such of good," 00:19:55.470 --> 00:19:58.700 even knowing that it will not occur. 00:19:58.700 --> 00:20:00.700 Fifth: 00:20:00.700 --> 00:20:05.740 That acquiring spoils of war does not diminish the spiritual reward. 00:20:05.740 --> 00:20:06.740 Chapter: 00:20:06.740 --> 00:20:11.319 The Voluntary Night Prayer of Ramadan is Part of Faith. 00:20:11.319 --> 00:20:13.319 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, 00:20:13.319 --> 00:20:17.420 that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: 00:20:17.420 --> 00:20:21.420 "Whoever stands in prayer during Ramadan out of faith and anticipation of reward, 00:20:21.420 --> 00:20:25.859 his past sins will be forgiven." 00:20:25.859 --> 00:20:29.279 Commentary on the hadith: 00:20:29.279 --> 00:20:32.279 "The Voluntary Night Prayer of Ramadan is Part of Faith." 00:20:32.279 --> 00:20:34.279 "Voluntary prayer" (tatawwu') 00:20:34.279 --> 00:20:36.279 Meaning taking upon oneself voluntary acts of obedience, 00:20:36.279 --> 00:20:38.279 and what is intended by it 00:20:38.279 --> 00:20:41.279 is performing non-obligatory deeds 00:20:41.279 --> 00:20:43.599 out of faith and seeking Allah's reward, 00:20:43.599 --> 00:20:46.599 meaning believing in it and seeking the reward, 00:20:46.599 --> 00:20:48.599 and this meaning has already been discussed. 00:20:48.599 --> 00:20:52.049 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:20:52.049 --> 00:20:54.009 First, 00:20:54.009 --> 00:20:59.009 the Tarawih prayer fulfills the virtue of standing in prayer during Ramadan, 00:20:59.009 --> 00:21:02.009 but that virtue is not restricted to it alone, 00:21:02.009 --> 00:21:04.009 nor is it the sole intention, 00:21:04.009 --> 00:21:08.009 rather, at whatever time of the night one performs voluntary prayer, 00:21:08.009 --> 00:21:10.009 this objective is attained. 00:21:10.009 --> 00:21:11.259 Second, 00:21:11.259 --> 00:21:15.259 the encouragement to stand in prayer during the nights of Ramadan, 00:21:15.259 --> 00:21:19.259 for it serves as an expiation for sins. 00:21:19.259 --> 00:21:22.019 Chapter: 00:21:22.019 --> 00:21:24.019 The religion is ease. 00:21:24.019 --> 00:21:26.819 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, 00:21:26.819 --> 00:21:30.819 from the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, who said: 00:21:30.819 --> 00:21:32.859 "Indeed, the religion is ease, 00:21:32.859 --> 00:21:35.920 and no one overburdens himself in the religion 00:21:35.920 --> 00:21:37.920 except that it overcomes him. 00:21:37.920 --> 00:21:39.980 So follow the middle path, aim for what is right, 00:21:39.980 --> 00:21:41.980 receive good tidings, 00:21:41.980 --> 00:21:44.980 and seek help through the morning journey, the evening journey, 00:21:44.980 --> 00:21:48.589 and something of the night journey." 00:21:48.589 --> 00:21:50.589 Commentary on the hadith: 00:21:50.589 --> 00:21:53.200 "Ease" (yusr): 00:21:53.200 --> 00:21:55.200 Ease is the opposite of hardship, 00:21:55.200 --> 00:21:57.200 and its meaning is alleviation. 00:21:57.200 --> 00:21:59.390 "And no one overburdens himself" (wa-lan yushādda): 00:21:59.390 --> 00:22:03.390 To engage in "mushāddah" means to contest with something and try to overcome it by force. 00:22:03.390 --> 00:22:04.710 "The religion" (al-dīn): 00:22:04.710 --> 00:22:07.710 It is a term applied to deeds. 00:22:07.710 --> 00:22:10.000 "Aim for what is right" (fa-saddidū): 00:22:10.000 --> 00:22:12.000 Aim for correctness in all matters. 00:22:12.000 --> 00:22:14.220 "Follow the middle path" (wa-qāribū): 00:22:14.220 --> 00:22:17.220 If you cannot attain perfection, 00:22:17.220 --> 00:22:19.220 then do that which comes close to it. 00:22:19.220 --> 00:22:21.480 "Receive good tidings" (wa-abshirū): 00:22:21.480 --> 00:22:24.480 That is, of the reward for the deed, even if it is small. 00:22:24.480 --> 00:22:26.670 "Through the morning journey" (bi-l-ghadwah): 00:22:26.670 --> 00:22:29.670 "Al-Ghadwah" is travel in the early part of the day. 00:22:29.670 --> 00:22:31.769 "And the evening journey" (wa-l-rawḥah): 00:22:31.769 --> 00:22:34.769 "Al-Rawḥah" is travel at the end of the day. 00:22:34.769 --> 00:22:36.930 "And something of the night journey" (wa-l-duljah): 00:22:36.930 --> 00:22:39.930 "Al-Duljah" is travel during the latter part of the night. 00:22:39.930 --> 00:22:43.859 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:22:43.859 --> 00:22:45.779 First, 00:22:45.779 --> 00:22:48.779 the encouragement to adhere to gentleness and moderation in deeds, 00:22:48.779 --> 00:22:51.779 and to restrict oneself to what the doer can bear 00:22:51.779 --> 00:22:54.779 and can consistently maintain. 00:22:54.779 --> 00:22:57.170 Second, 00:22:57.170 --> 00:23:00.170 whoever overburdens himself in religion and goes to extremes 00:23:00.170 --> 00:23:03.170 will inevitably be cut off, and the religion will overpower and subdue him. 00:23:03.170 --> 00:23:05.650 Third, 00:23:05.650 --> 00:23:07.650 seizing times of vigor 00:23:07.650 --> 00:23:09.650 and enthusiasm of the soul for worship. 00:23:09.650 --> 00:23:13.500 Chapter: 00:23:13.500 --> 00:23:17.109 Prayer is part of faith. 00:23:17.109 --> 00:23:19.109 On the authority of al-Bara' ibn 'Azib: 00:23:19.109 --> 00:23:22.109 When the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:23:22.109 --> 00:23:25.109 first arrived in Medina, 00:23:25.109 --> 00:23:27.109 he stayed with his grandfathers, 00:23:27.109 --> 00:23:29.109 or he said, 00:23:29.109 --> 00:23:31.109 his maternal uncles among the Ansar. 00:23:31.109 --> 00:23:35.210 And he prayed toward Bayt al-Maqdis (Jerusalem) 00:23:35.210 --> 00:23:37.210 for sixteen months, 00:23:37.210 --> 00:23:40.210 or seventeen months, 00:23:40.210 --> 00:23:43.210 though he wished that his qiblah 00:23:43.210 --> 00:23:45.269 would be toward the Ka'bah. 00:23:45.269 --> 00:23:47.269 In another narration, 00:23:47.269 --> 00:23:49.269 Allah Almighty revealed: 00:23:49.269 --> 00:23:53.269 “We have seen the turning of thy face to heaven (for guidance, O Muhammad). And now verily We shall make thee turn (in prayer) toward a qiblah which is dear to thee. So turn thy face toward the Inviolable Place of Worship, and ye (O Muslims), wheresoever ye may be, turn your faces (when ye pray) toward it. Lo! Those who have received the Scripture know that (this revelation) is the Truth from their Lord. And Allah is not unaware of what they do.” (2:144) 00:23:53.269 --> 00:23:57.269 "We shall certainly turn you toward a qiblah that pleases you." 00:23:57.269 --> 00:24:00.500 And the first prayer that he prayed, 00:24:00.500 --> 00:24:03.500 which he prayed facing it, was the 'Asr prayer, 00:24:03.500 --> 00:24:05.559 and a group of people prayed along with him. 00:24:05.559 --> 00:24:09.559 Then a man among those who had prayed with him went out 00:24:09.559 --> 00:24:11.559 and passed by the people of a mosque 00:24:11.559 --> 00:24:13.559 while they were bowing in prayer. 00:24:13.559 --> 00:24:15.559 So he said, 00:24:15.559 --> 00:24:17.559 "I testify by Allah, 00:24:17.559 --> 00:24:21.559 I have just prayed with the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 00:24:21.559 --> 00:24:23.589 facing Mecca!" 00:24:23.589 --> 00:24:26.589 So they turned around as they were, toward the Ka'bah. 00:24:26.589 --> 00:24:29.619 The Jews had been pleased 00:24:29.619 --> 00:24:32.619 when he used to pray toward Bayt al-Maqdis, 00:24:32.619 --> 00:24:34.619 as were the People of the Book, 00:24:34.619 --> 00:24:38.720 but when he turned his face toward the Ka'bah, 00:24:38.720 --> 00:24:40.720 they denounced that. 00:24:40.720 --> 00:24:43.910 Al-Bara' said in this hadith of his, 00:24:43.910 --> 00:24:49.910 "Some men had died or been killed while facing the previous qiblah, 00:24:49.910 --> 00:24:52.910 and we did not know what to say regarding them." 00:24:52.910 --> 00:24:54.910 So Allah Almighty revealed: 00:24:54.910 --> 00:25:00.710 “Thus We have appointed you a middle nation, that ye may be witnesses against mankind, and that the messenger may be a witness against you. And We appointed the qiblah which ye formerly observed only that We might know him who followeth the messenger, from him who turneth on his heels. In truth it was a hard (test) save for those whom Allah guided. But it was not Allah's purpose that your faith should be in vain, for Allah is Full of Pity, Merciful toward mankind.” (2:143) 00:25:00.710 --> 00:25:04.349 Commentary on the hadith: 00:25:04.349 --> 00:25:06.349 "He wished" (kāna yu'jibuh): 00:25:06.349 --> 00:25:08.349 The meaning is that he loved. 00:25:08.349 --> 00:25:11.480 "Toward" (qibal): meaning in the direction of. 00:25:11.480 --> 00:25:12.480 "A man": 00:25:12.480 --> 00:25:16.480 He was 'Abbad ibn Nahik, may Allah be pleased with him. 00:25:16.480 --> 00:25:19.769 "He passed by the people of a mosque": 00:25:19.769 --> 00:25:21.769 These were not the people of Quba', 00:25:21.769 --> 00:25:24.769 but rather the people of a mosque in Medina, 00:25:24.769 --> 00:25:26.769 which was the mosque of Banu Salimah, 00:25:26.769 --> 00:25:29.769 known as the Mosque of the Two Qiblahs (Masjid al-Qiblatayn). 00:25:29.769 --> 00:25:33.769 The passerby came upon them during the 'Asr prayer, 00:25:33.769 --> 00:25:35.769 whereas as for the people of Quba', 00:25:35.769 --> 00:25:38.769 the announcer came to them during the Fajr prayer. 00:25:38.769 --> 00:25:41.059 "I testify by Allah": 00:25:41.059 --> 00:25:43.059 That is, I swear. 00:25:43.059 --> 00:25:45.339 "Died while facing the previous qiblah": 00:25:45.339 --> 00:25:48.380 Meaning the qiblah of Bayt al-Maqdis. 00:25:48.380 --> 00:25:51.380 “Thus We have appointed you a middle nation, that ye may be witnesses against mankind, and that the messenger may be a witness against you. And We appointed the qiblah which ye formerly observed only that We might know him who followeth the messenger, from him who turneth on his heels. In truth it was a hard (test) save for those whom Allah guided. But it was not Allah's purpose that your faith should be in vain, for Allah is Full of Pity, Merciful toward mankind.” (2:143) 00:25:51.380 --> 00:25:55.700 That is, your prayers facing the House. 00:25:55.700 --> 00:25:59.529 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:25:59.529 --> 00:26:00.529 First, 00:26:00.529 --> 00:26:03.529 the recommendation for a newcomer to honor his relatives 00:26:03.529 --> 00:26:06.529 by lodging with them rather than with others. 00:26:06.529 --> 00:26:08.819 Second, 00:26:08.819 --> 00:26:09.819 a person's desire— 00:26:09.819 --> 00:26:10.819 the second point: 00:26:10.819 --> 00:26:13.819 transitioning from an act of obedience to one more perfect than it 00:26:13.819 --> 00:26:15.819 does not impair one's contentment with Allah's decree; 00:26:15.819 --> 00:26:18.099 rather, it is beloved. 00:26:18.099 --> 00:26:20.099 Third, 00:26:20.099 --> 00:26:22.099 the permissibility and historical occurrence of abrogation, 00:26:22.099 --> 00:26:25.140 and no regard is paid to whoever denies it; 00:26:25.140 --> 00:26:27.140 and the first thing abrogated in the Qur'an 00:26:27.140 --> 00:26:29.420 was the matter of the qiblah. 00:26:29.420 --> 00:26:31.420 Fourth, 00:26:31.420 --> 00:26:33.420 in the hadith there is a refutation of the Murji'ah 00:26:33.420 --> 00:26:35.420 regarding their denial of designating 00:26:35.420 --> 00:26:39.930 religious deeds as faith. 00:26:39.930 --> 00:26:43.539 Chapter: The excellence of a person's Islam. 00:26:43.539 --> 00:26:46.539 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, who said: 00:26:46.539 --> 00:26:49.630 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: 00:26:49.630 --> 00:26:52.630 "When one of you perfects his Islam, 00:26:52.630 --> 00:26:55.630 every good deed he performs 00:26:55.630 --> 00:26:58.630 is written down for him as tenfold 00:26:58.630 --> 00:27:01.789 up to seven hundredfold, 00:27:01.789 --> 00:27:04.789 and every evil deed he performs 00:27:04.789 --> 00:27:08.400 is written down for him only as its equal." 00:27:08.400 --> 00:27:11.140 Commentary on the hadith: 00:27:11.140 --> 00:27:13.140 A person's practice of Islam: 00:27:13.140 --> 00:27:16.140 The meaning is that a person's deeds encompass 00:27:16.140 --> 00:27:18.140 sincerity and adherence to the Sunnah, 00:27:18.140 --> 00:27:20.140 so that they become good and sound 00:27:20.140 --> 00:27:22.140 in the sight of Allah, Mighty and Majestic. 00:27:22.140 --> 00:27:25.460 "When one of you perfects his Islam": 00:27:25.460 --> 00:27:28.460 Meaning when he embraces Islam with true realization, 00:27:28.460 --> 00:27:30.460 free from all doubts, 00:27:30.460 --> 00:27:33.460 constantly maintaining mindfulness of Allah and sincerity 00:27:33.460 --> 00:27:35.460 in his words and actions, 00:27:35.460 --> 00:27:38.130 while conforming to the divine command. 00:27:38.130 --> 00:27:41.900 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:27:41.900 --> 00:27:43.900 First, 00:27:43.900 --> 00:27:46.900 the foundational principle is that good deeds are multiplied, 00:27:46.900 --> 00:27:50.059 while evil deeds are not multiplied. 00:27:50.059 --> 00:27:52.059 Second, 00:27:52.059 --> 00:27:54.059 his statement "up to seven hundredfold" 00:27:54.059 --> 00:27:56.059 does not imply an upper limit, 00:27:56.059 --> 00:27:59.059 for texts have established that multiplication 00:27:59.059 --> 00:28:01.059 goes from seven hundredfold 00:28:01.059 --> 00:28:06.200 to many times more. 00:28:06.200 --> 00:28:11.099 Chapter: The religion most beloved to Allah is that which is most consistent. 00:28:11.099 --> 00:28:13.099 On the authority of 'A'ishah: 00:28:13.099 --> 00:28:16.099 The Prophet, peace be upon him, 00:28:16.099 --> 00:28:19.099 entered upon her while a woman was with her, 00:28:19.099 --> 00:28:22.099 and he asked, "Who is this?" 00:28:22.099 --> 00:28:24.099 She replied, "So-and-so," 00:28:24.099 --> 00:28:27.099 mentioning how much she prayed. 00:28:27.099 --> 00:28:29.099 He said, "Stop! 00:28:29.099 --> 00:28:32.099 Keep to what you are capable of bearing, 00:28:32.099 --> 00:28:35.099 for by Allah, Allah does not tire 00:28:35.099 --> 00:28:37.190 until you yourselves tire." 00:28:37.190 --> 00:28:39.190 And the religion most beloved to him 00:28:39.190 --> 00:28:42.799 was that which its practitioner performed consistently. 00:28:43.799 --> 00:28:47.309 "The religion most beloved to Allah is that which is most consistent": 00:28:47.309 --> 00:28:50.309 The term "religion" is applied here to deeds. 00:28:50.309 --> 00:28:52.539 "While a woman was with her": 00:28:52.539 --> 00:28:57.539 She was al-Hawla' bint Tuwayt, may Allah be pleased with her. 00:28:57.539 --> 00:28:58.630 "Mah" (Stop): 00:28:58.630 --> 00:29:01.630 A word of deterrence and restraint. 00:29:01.630 --> 00:29:02.759 "Keep to" ('alaykum): 00:29:02.759 --> 00:29:04.759 Meaning adhere strictly to. 00:29:04.759 --> 00:29:06.789 "Until you yourselves tire": 00:29:06.789 --> 00:29:08.789 Meaning until you become weary. 00:29:08.789 --> 00:29:09.789 And weariness (malal) 00:29:09.789 --> 00:29:11.789 is abandoning something 00:29:11.789 --> 00:29:14.789 out of feeling burdened by and averse to it, 00:29:14.789 --> 00:29:17.789 after having been eager for it and loving it. 00:29:21.269 --> 00:29:24.009 First, 00:29:24.009 --> 00:29:28.009 a small, consistent deed is better than a copious deed that is interrupted, 00:29:28.009 --> 00:29:30.009 because through the continuity of the small deed, 00:29:30.009 --> 00:29:32.009 obedience endures and bears fruit. 00:29:32.009 --> 00:29:34.170 Second, 00:29:34.170 --> 00:29:37.170 the permissibility of swearing an oath without being asked to swear, 00:29:37.170 --> 00:29:39.170 and there is no dislike in doing so 00:29:39.170 --> 00:29:42.170 if it involves emphasizing an obligatory matter 00:29:42.170 --> 00:29:45.170 or warning against a prohibited one. 00:29:45.170 --> 00:29:47.390 Third: 00:29:47.390 --> 00:29:50.390 It demonstrates the compassion of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:29:50.390 --> 00:29:52.390 and his deep mercy toward his Ummah, 00:29:52.390 --> 00:29:55.390 as he guided them to whatever rectifies their affairs. 00:29:55.390 --> 00:29:57.579 Fourth: 00:29:57.579 --> 00:30:00.579 Restricting oneself to worship that can be borne, 00:30:00.579 --> 00:30:04.579 and avoiding the burden of that which is beyond one's capacity.