WEBVTT 00:00:00.080 --> 00:00:03.379 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:03.379 --> 00:00:06.179 Efada Center 00:00:06.179 --> 00:00:09.500 for Humanistic Studies and Research 00:00:09.500 --> 00:00:10.900 presents 00:00:10.900 --> 00:00:15.900 The Abridgment of Sahih al-Bukhari. 00:00:15.900 --> 00:00:21.000 Chapter: He who is wounded in the cause of Allah. 00:00:21.000 --> 00:00:23.699 On the authority of Jundub ibn Sufyan, 00:00:23.699 --> 00:00:26.899 that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), 00:00:26.899 --> 00:00:28.899 while present in one of the military campaigns, 00:00:28.899 --> 00:00:30.899 had his finger struck and bled, 00:00:30.899 --> 00:00:32.399 whereupon he said: 00:00:33.500 --> 00:00:36.000 "Are you anything but a finger that bleeds, 00:00:36.000 --> 00:00:39.520 and in the cause of Allah is what you have endured?" 00:00:39.520 --> 00:00:43.060 Commentary on the hadith: 00:00:43.060 --> 00:00:44.560 "Nakbah" (mishap/affliction) 00:00:44.560 --> 00:00:47.619 refers to the misfortunes that befall a person. 00:00:47.619 --> 00:00:49.119 "Al-Mashahid" (campaigns) 00:00:49.119 --> 00:00:50.619 means the military expeditions (al-maghazi), 00:00:50.619 --> 00:00:52.119 and they were so named 00:00:52.119 --> 00:00:54.619 because they are locations of martyrdom (shahadah). 00:00:54.619 --> 00:00:55.619 "Damiyat" (bled) 00:00:55.619 --> 00:00:58.280 means it was wounded and blood issued from it. 00:00:58.280 --> 00:01:01.920 Key benefits of the hadith: 00:01:01.920 --> 00:01:03.920 Derived from this hadith is: 00:01:03.920 --> 00:01:07.420 The permissibility of reciting poetry applicable to sudden events; 00:01:07.420 --> 00:01:12.420 It illustrates the bravery and patience of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him); 00:01:12.420 --> 00:01:16.420 The hadith directs towards sincerity in all acts of worship; 00:01:16.420 --> 00:01:21.750 Among these acts is fighting in the cause of Allah Almighty. 00:01:21.750 --> 00:01:24.250 Chapter: The statement of Allah Almighty: 00:01:24.250 --> 00:01:29.250 “Of the believers are men who are true to that which they covenanted with Allah. Some of them have paid their vow by death (in battle), and some of them still are waiting; and they have not altered in the least;” (33:23) 00:01:29.250 --> 00:01:34.750 “Of the believers are men who are true to that which they covenanted with Allah. Some of them have paid their vow by death (in battle), and some of them still are waiting; and they have not altered in the least;” (33:23) 00:01:34.750 --> 00:01:37.250 "...and they have not altered [their commitment] in the least." [33:23] 00:01:37.250 --> 00:01:41.140 On the authority of Anas (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 00:01:41.140 --> 00:01:45.140 My uncle, Anas ibn al-Nadr, was absent from the Battle of Badr, 00:01:45.140 --> 00:01:46.140 so he said: 00:01:46.140 --> 00:01:48.140 "O Messenger of Allah, 00:01:48.140 --> 00:01:52.140 I was absent from the first battle in which you fought the polytheists. 00:01:52.140 --> 00:01:55.140 If Allah brings me to witness a battle against the polytheists, 00:01:55.140 --> 00:01:58.140 Allah will surely see what I shall do!" 00:01:58.140 --> 00:02:00.140 On the day of Uhud, 00:02:00.140 --> 00:02:02.140 when the Muslims suffered a setback, 00:02:02.140 --> 00:02:03.640 he said: 00:02:03.640 --> 00:02:08.139 "O Allah, I apologize to You for what these have done"— 00:02:08.139 --> 00:02:10.139 meaning his companions— 00:02:10.139 --> 00:02:13.639 "and I disavow before You what these have done"— 00:02:13.639 --> 00:02:15.639 meaning the polytheists. 00:02:15.639 --> 00:02:17.139 Then he advanced 00:02:17.139 --> 00:02:19.639 and was met by Sa'd ibn Mu'adh, 00:02:19.639 --> 00:02:20.639 to whom he said: 00:02:20.639 --> 00:02:22.639 "O Sa'd ibn Mu'adh, 00:02:22.639 --> 00:02:25.139 Paradise, by the Lord of Al-Nadr! 00:02:25.139 --> 00:02:28.639 Indeed, I smell its fragrance from near Uhud." 00:02:28.639 --> 00:02:30.139 Sa'd said: 00:02:30.139 --> 00:02:33.139 "O Messenger of Allah, I could not accomplish what he did." 00:02:33.710 --> 00:02:35.210 Anas said: 00:02:35.210 --> 00:02:37.710 We found on his body eighty-plus 00:02:37.710 --> 00:02:39.210 sword strikes, 00:02:39.210 --> 00:02:41.210 spear thrusts, 00:02:41.210 --> 00:02:43.210 or arrow wounds, 00:02:43.210 --> 00:02:45.210 and we found that he had been slain, 00:02:45.210 --> 00:02:47.710 and the polytheists had mutilated him. 00:02:47.710 --> 00:02:49.710 Thus, no one recognized him 00:02:49.710 --> 00:02:52.210 except his sister, who identified him by his fingertips. 00:02:52.210 --> 00:02:53.770 In another narration: 00:02:53.770 --> 00:02:56.770 "by a freckle or by his fingertips." 00:02:56.770 --> 00:02:58.400 Anas said: 00:02:58.400 --> 00:03:01.400 We used to consider or think that this verse 00:03:01.400 --> 00:03:03.900 was revealed regarding him and those like him: 00:03:03.900 --> 00:03:06.900 “Of the believers are men who are true to that which they covenanted with Allah. Some of them have paid their vow by death (in battle), and some of them still are waiting; and they have not altered in the least;” (33:23) 00:03:06.900 --> 00:03:09.400 “Of the believers are men who are true to that which they covenanted with Allah. Some of them have paid their vow by death (in battle), and some of them still are waiting; and they have not altered in the least;” (33:23) 00:03:09.400 --> 00:03:12.039 ...to the end of the verse. [33:23] 00:03:12.039 --> 00:03:15.680 Commentary on the hadith: 00:03:15.680 --> 00:03:17.180 "Ashhadani" (brings me to witness) 00:03:17.180 --> 00:03:18.680 means causes me to be present. 00:03:18.680 --> 00:03:20.180 "Inkashaf" (suffered a setback) 00:03:20.180 --> 00:03:21.680 means retreated or were routed. 00:03:21.680 --> 00:03:24.680 "I apologize to You for what these have done" 00:03:24.680 --> 00:03:27.180 refers to the flight of the Muslims. 00:03:27.180 --> 00:03:28.680 "And I disavow..." 00:03:28.680 --> 00:03:29.680 What is intended is: 00:03:29.680 --> 00:03:32.680 total disavowal of the people of polytheism and their deeds. 00:03:32.680 --> 00:03:34.680 "Indeed, I smell its fragrance" 00:03:34.680 --> 00:03:38.180 means I detect the scent of Paradise. 00:03:38.180 --> 00:03:39.680 "From near Uhud" 00:03:39.680 --> 00:03:41.680 means near Mount Uhud. 00:03:41.680 --> 00:03:43.680 "We found on his body" 00:03:43.680 --> 00:03:44.680 What is intended is: 00:03:44.680 --> 00:03:48.180 we counted and tallied that upon his corpse. 00:03:48.180 --> 00:03:50.680 "And the polytheists had mutilated him" 00:03:50.680 --> 00:03:52.180 Mutilation (al-muthlah) here refers to: 00:03:52.180 --> 00:03:54.180 severing the limbs of the deceased, 00:03:54.180 --> 00:03:56.680 such as the nose, ears, and similar parts. 00:03:56.680 --> 00:03:57.680 "Sister" 00:03:58.180 --> 00:04:02.180 refers to Al-Rabi' bint al-Nadr (may Allah be pleased with her). 00:04:02.180 --> 00:04:03.680 "By his fingertips" 00:04:03.680 --> 00:04:04.680 "Al-Banan" means 00:04:04.680 --> 00:04:06.340 the finger. 00:04:06.340 --> 00:04:07.840 "Among the believers are men..." [33:23] 00:04:07.840 --> 00:04:10.840 “Of the believers are men who are true to that which they covenanted with Allah. Some of them have paid their vow by death (in battle), and some of them still are waiting; and they have not altered in the least;” (33:23) 00:04:10.840 --> 00:04:13.840 meaning they fulfilled, completed, and perfected their pledge; 00:04:13.840 --> 00:04:16.839 they sacrificed their lifeblood for His pleasure, 00:04:16.839 --> 00:04:20.319 and devoted themselves to His obedience. 00:04:20.319 --> 00:04:24.060 Key benefits of the hadith: 00:04:24.060 --> 00:04:26.060 Derived from the hadith is: 00:04:26.060 --> 00:04:28.560 The permissibility of sacrificing one's life in jihad; 00:04:28.560 --> 00:04:31.560 It demonstrates the virtue of fulfilling pledges, 00:04:31.560 --> 00:04:35.560 even if it is arduous for the soul to the point of peril; 00:04:35.560 --> 00:04:37.560 It shows that seeking martyrdom 00:04:37.560 --> 00:04:41.560 is not included under the prohibition against casting oneself into destruction; 00:04:41.560 --> 00:04:45.560 It highlights the virtue of Anas ibn al-Nadr (may Allah be pleased with him) 00:04:45.560 --> 00:04:48.560 and the strength of his certainty; 00:04:48.560 --> 00:04:51.560 It encourages aspiring to high ideals 00:04:51.560 --> 00:04:54.560 and increasing righteous and good deeds; 00:04:54.560 --> 00:04:58.560 The hadith points to the duty of fulfilling all covenants; 00:04:58.560 --> 00:05:03.560 It illustrates that legal lessons are drawn from the generality of the expression, not the specificity of the cause. 00:05:03.560 --> 00:05:09.060 On the authority of Zayd ibn Thabit al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him)— 00:05:09.060 --> 00:05:12.060 who was among those who wrote down the divine revelation— 00:05:12.060 --> 00:05:18.060 who said: Abu Bakr sent for me after the heavy casualties at Yamamah, while 'Umar was with him. 00:05:18.060 --> 00:05:22.060 Abu Bakr said: "'Umar came to me and said: 00:05:23.060 --> 00:05:27.060 'Casualties were severe among the people on the day of Yamamah, 00:05:27.060 --> 00:05:32.060 and I fear that casualties will continue to mount among the reciters of the Qur'an across other battles, 00:05:32.060 --> 00:05:37.060 causing much of the Qur'an to be lost unless you compile it. 00:05:37.060 --> 00:05:40.060 I strongly view that you should compile the Qur'an.'" 00:05:40.060 --> 00:05:43.060 Abu Bakr said: I said to 'Umar, 00:05:43.060 --> 00:05:49.060 "How can I do something that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) did not do?" 00:05:49.060 --> 00:05:52.060 'Umar replied, "By Allah, this is good." 00:05:52.060 --> 00:05:55.060 'Umar kept returning to me regarding it 00:05:55.060 --> 00:05:58.060 until Allah expanded my breast to accept it, 00:05:58.060 --> 00:06:01.089 and I came to see what 'Umar had seen. 00:06:01.089 --> 00:06:06.089 Zayd ibn Thabit said: And 'Umar was sitting with him, not speaking. 00:06:06.089 --> 00:06:11.089 Abu Bakr said: "You are a wise young man, 00:06:11.089 --> 00:06:13.089 and we do not suspect you of any wrongdoing; 00:06:13.089 --> 00:06:17.089 you used to write down the revelation for the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). 00:06:17.089 --> 00:06:20.089 So track down the Qur'an and collect it." 00:06:20.089 --> 00:06:24.160 By Allah, if they had tasked me with moving a mountain from among mountains, 00:06:24.160 --> 00:06:29.160 it would not have been heavier upon me than what he commanded me regarding the compilation of the Qur'an. 00:06:29.160 --> 00:06:36.160 I said, "How can you two do something that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) did not do?" 00:06:36.160 --> 00:06:40.160 Abu Bakr replied, "By Allah, this is good." 00:06:40.160 --> 00:06:42.160 I kept returning to him in discussion 00:06:42.160 --> 00:06:48.160 until Allah expanded my breast for that which He had expanded the breasts of Abu Bakr and 'Umar. 00:06:48.160 --> 00:06:51.160 So I stood and tracked down the Qur'an, 00:06:51.160 --> 00:06:55.160 collecting it from parchment, shoulder blades, and palm stalks— 00:06:55.160 --> 00:07:00.160 and in another narration: from white stones and the hearts of men— 00:07:00.160 --> 00:07:05.160 until I found the final two verses of Surah at-Tawbah with Khuzaymah al-Ansari, 00:07:05.160 --> 00:07:08.250 having not found them in writing with anyone else. 00:07:08.250 --> 00:07:10.250 In another narration: 00:07:10.250 --> 00:07:13.250 "I missed a verse from Surah al-Ahzab 00:07:13.250 --> 00:07:18.250 that I used to hear the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) recite frequently. 00:07:18.250 --> 00:07:20.250 I did not find it in writing with anyone 00:07:20.250 --> 00:07:23.250 except Khuzaymah al-Ansari, 00:07:23.250 --> 00:07:29.319 whose testimony the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) equated to the testimony of two men: 00:07:29.319 --> 00:07:33.319 “There hath come unto you a messenger, (one) of yourselves, unto whom aught that ye are overburdened is grievous, full of concern for you, for the believers full of pity, merciful.” (9:128) 00:07:33.319 --> 00:07:37.319 'There has certainly come to you a Messenger from among yourselves; grievous to him is what you suffer; he is concerned over you...' [9:128] 00:07:37.319 --> 00:07:39.319 to the end of the two verses." 00:07:39.319 --> 00:07:41.410 In another narration: 00:07:41.410 --> 00:07:44.410 "So we appended it to its surah in the compiled codex." 00:07:44.410 --> 00:07:49.639 The compiled sheets of the Qur'an remained with Abu Bakr 00:07:49.639 --> 00:07:51.639 until Allah took his soul, 00:07:51.639 --> 00:07:53.639 then with 'Umar 00:07:53.639 --> 00:07:55.639 until Allah took his soul, 00:07:55.639 --> 00:07:58.639 then with Hafsah bint 'Umar. 00:07:58.639 --> 00:08:02.629 Commentary on the hadith: 00:08:02.629 --> 00:08:04.629 "Heavy casualties at Yamamah" 00:08:04.629 --> 00:08:09.629 refers to the battle days of the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) against Musaylimah the Liar, 00:08:09.629 --> 00:08:11.629 who claimed prophethood; 00:08:11.629 --> 00:08:15.629 these casualties occurred in the 11th year of the Hijrah. 00:08:15.629 --> 00:08:16.629 "Istaharr" 00:08:16.629 --> 00:08:18.629 means intensified and increased. 00:08:18.629 --> 00:08:19.629 "I fear" 00:08:19.629 --> 00:08:21.629 means I am apprehensive. 00:08:21.629 --> 00:08:22.629 "The reciters" (al-qurra') 00:08:22.629 --> 00:08:25.629 refers to those who memorized the Qur'an. 00:08:25.629 --> 00:08:26.629 "The battlefields" (al-mawatin) 00:08:26.629 --> 00:08:29.629 refers to places of military expeditions and fighting. 00:08:29.629 --> 00:08:30.629 "Will be lost" 00:08:30.629 --> 00:08:32.629 means will perish or disappear. 00:08:32.629 --> 00:08:34.629 "Returns to me regarding it" 00:08:34.629 --> 00:08:36.629 means he repeatedly discussed the matter. 00:08:36.629 --> 00:08:37.629 "Young man" 00:08:37.629 --> 00:08:41.629 His age at that time was under twenty-five years, 00:08:41.629 --> 00:08:44.629 which is the period of youth. 00:08:44.629 --> 00:08:45.629 "We do not suspect you" 00:08:45.629 --> 00:08:48.629 means you possess the utmost trustworthiness. 00:08:48.629 --> 00:08:50.629 "Track down the Qur'an" 00:08:50.629 --> 00:08:51.629 means seek out and gather it. 00:08:51.629 --> 00:08:53.629 "If they tasked me" 00:08:53.629 --> 00:08:55.629 means if they had ordered me. 00:08:55.629 --> 00:08:56.629 "So I stood" 00:08:56.629 --> 00:08:58.629 means I embarked upon and commenced the task. 00:08:58.629 --> 00:08:59.629 "Parchment" (al-riqa') 00:08:59.629 --> 00:09:04.629 A piece of writing material made of paper, leather, or similar items. 00:09:04.629 --> 00:09:05.629 "Shoulder blades" (al-aktat) 00:09:05.629 --> 00:09:06.629 A shoulder blade 00:09:06.629 --> 00:09:10.629 is a broad bone located at the base of an animal's shoulder, 00:09:10.629 --> 00:09:12.629 which was dried and written upon. 00:09:12.629 --> 00:09:13.629 "Palm stalks" (al-'usub) 00:09:13.629 --> 00:09:16.629 refers to the broad, leafless branches of the date palm. 00:09:16.629 --> 00:09:17.629 "White stones" (al-likhaf) 00:09:17.629 --> 00:09:20.629 refers to thin, white limestone slabs. 00:09:20.629 --> 00:09:26.629 “There hath come unto you a messenger, (one) of yourselves, unto whom aught that ye are overburdened is grievous, full of concern for you, for the believers full of pity, merciful.” (9:128) 00:09:26.629 --> 00:09:29.629 Allah Almighty bestows His favor upon His believing servants 00:09:29.629 --> 00:09:32.629 by sending among them the unlettered Prophet, 00:09:32.629 --> 00:09:34.629 who is from among themselves; 00:09:34.629 --> 00:09:36.629 they know his noble character, 00:09:36.629 --> 00:09:38.629 are able to learn directly from him, 00:09:38.629 --> 00:09:41.629 Nor did they disdain to submit to it. 00:09:41.629 --> 00:09:45.629 And the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, was the utmost in advising them, 00:09:45.629 --> 00:09:47.629 and in striving for their best interests. 00:09:47.629 --> 00:09:52.629 It grieves him that you should suffer or fall into hardship; 00:09:52.629 --> 00:09:54.789 he is deeply concerned for you, 00:09:54.789 --> 00:09:56.789 loving good for you, 00:09:56.789 --> 00:09:59.789 striving with all his effort to bring it to you, 00:09:59.789 --> 00:10:02.789 eager for your guidance to faith, 00:10:02.789 --> 00:10:04.789 hating evil for you, 00:10:04.789 --> 00:10:07.789 and striving with all his effort to turn you away from it. 00:10:07.789 --> 00:10:11.240 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:10:11.240 --> 00:10:16.940 In the hadith is an indication of the authoritative proof of the Sunnah of the Rightly-Guided Caliphs. 00:10:16.940 --> 00:10:19.940 In it is an explanation of the virtue of consultation (*shura*). 00:10:19.940 --> 00:10:22.940 In it is that the condition of the Companions, may Allah be pleased with them, 00:10:22.940 --> 00:10:26.940 was based on prioritizing adherence to the Sunnah and fearing innovation. 00:10:26.940 --> 00:10:30.970 In it is the reliance upon public interest (*maslahah*) according to its proper guidelines, 00:10:30.970 --> 00:10:32.970 even if no explicit text has been revealed regarding it. 00:10:32.970 --> 00:10:37.970 In it is that the Qur'an was preserved in the hearts of men, 00:10:37.970 --> 00:10:42.970 and what Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, saw in compiling it into pages 00:10:42.970 --> 00:10:44.970 was an added measure of preservation for it. 00:10:44.970 --> 00:10:48.970 In it is an explanation of the virtue of Zayd ibn Thabit, may Allah be pleased with him. 00:10:49.970 --> 00:10:52.970 In the hadith is an allusion to the virtue of Quraysh, 00:10:52.970 --> 00:10:54.970 and that they were the most eloquent of the Arabs. 00:10:54.970 --> 00:10:57.970 In it is the adoption of scrupulous piety and precaution, 00:10:57.970 --> 00:11:03.970 for a believer may hesitate to undertake a matter until he is certain of its permissibility. 00:11:03.970 --> 00:11:07.970 In it is the obligation to cut off the root of discord and disagreement, 00:11:07.970 --> 00:11:10.970 just as 'Uthman, may Allah be pleased with him, did. 00:11:10.970 --> 00:11:18.960 In the hadith is an indication to seek assistance from specialists in what they excel at. 00:11:18.960 --> 00:11:23.309 Chapter: Performing a Righteous Deed Before Fighting 00:11:23.309 --> 00:11:26.309 On the authority of Al-Bara', may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:11:26.309 --> 00:11:31.309 A man clad in iron armor came to the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:11:31.309 --> 00:11:34.309 and said, "O Messenger of Allah! 00:11:34.309 --> 00:11:36.309 Should I fight or accept Islam?" 00:11:36.309 --> 00:11:40.309 He replied, "Accept Islam, then fight." 00:11:40.309 --> 00:11:43.309 So he accepted Islam, then fought, and was killed. 00:11:43.309 --> 00:11:47.309 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:11:47.309 --> 00:11:50.309 "He did little, but was rewarded much." 00:11:50.309 --> 00:11:53.850 Commentary on the hadith: 00:11:53.850 --> 00:12:00.429 "A man": it is said his name was Al-Usayrim, 'Amr ibn Thabit al-Ashhali, 00:12:00.429 --> 00:12:06.879 and it is said otherwise. "Clad in iron (*muqanna'*)" means his head was covered. 00:12:06.879 --> 00:12:10.679 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:12:10.679 --> 00:12:16.679 It is derived from the hadith that Allah Almighty bestows immense reward for a small deed, 00:12:16.679 --> 00:12:19.679 as a favor from Him upon His servants. 00:12:19.679 --> 00:12:24.679 In it is that Allah Almighty does not accept a deed from a non-Muslim. 00:12:24.679 --> 00:12:28.679 In the hadith is an indication of the condition of sincerity (*ikhlas*) in deeds. 00:12:28.679 --> 00:12:34.529 Chapter: One Who Is Struck by a Stray Arrow and Killed 00:12:34.529 --> 00:12:38.360 On the authority of Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:12:38.360 --> 00:12:42.360 Harithah was struck on the day of Badr while he was a young boy, 00:12:42.360 --> 00:12:47.360 so his mother came to the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, and said, 00:12:47.360 --> 00:12:48.360 "O Messenger of Allah! 00:12:48.360 --> 00:12:51.360 You well know the status Harithah holds with me. 00:12:51.360 --> 00:12:55.360 If he is in Paradise, I shall be patient and seek reward; 00:12:55.360 --> 00:12:59.360 but if it is the other case, you will see what I shall do." 00:12:59.360 --> 00:13:03.399 In a narration: "I shall strive in weeping for him." 00:13:03.399 --> 00:13:07.460 He said, "Woe to you! Have you lost your senses? 00:13:07.460 --> 00:13:09.460 Is it only one Paradise? 00:13:09.460 --> 00:13:12.460 Indeed, there are many Paradises, 00:13:12.460 --> 00:13:15.460 and he is in the Paradise of Firdaus." 00:13:16.460 --> 00:13:19.460 In a narration: "the highest Firdaus." 00:13:19.460 --> 00:13:23.070 Commentary on the hadith: 00:13:23.070 --> 00:13:27.549 "Chapter: One Who Is Struck by a Stray Arrow and Killed" 00:13:27.549 --> 00:13:30.549 Meaning an arrow struck him whose archer is unknown. 00:13:30.549 --> 00:13:35.710 His mother is Ar-Rabi' bint al-Nadr, may Allah be pleased with her. 00:13:35.710 --> 00:13:38.710 "Status" (*manzilah*) means standing or position. 00:13:38.710 --> 00:13:42.710 "What I shall do" means regarding exerting effort in weeping. 00:13:43.710 --> 00:13:47.710 A expression said to one who falls into a calamity they did not deserve. 00:13:47.710 --> 00:13:51.710 "Have you lost your mind?" (*habilati*): a mother becomes bereaved when she loses her child. 00:13:56.700 --> 00:13:58.700 It is derived from the hadith: 00:13:58.700 --> 00:14:01.700 An explanation of the virtue of patience and seeking reward with Allah. 00:14:01.700 --> 00:14:04.700 In it is the testimony of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:14:04.700 --> 00:14:08.700 for Harithah ibn Suraqah, may Allah be pleased with him, of Paradise. 00:14:08.700 --> 00:14:11.759 In it is that Paradise has degrees, 00:14:11.759 --> 00:14:13.759 and the highest of them is Firdaus. 00:14:13.759 --> 00:14:16.759 In the hadith is consolation for the afflicted and bereaved 00:14:16.759 --> 00:14:21.759 by listing the rewards Allah Almighty has prepared for His servants in the Hereafter. 00:14:21.759 --> 00:14:26.759 In it is an explanation of the virtue of martyrdom and the rank of the martyrs. 00:14:26.759 --> 00:14:31.240 Chapter: The Virtue of the Statement of Allah Almighty 00:14:31.240 --> 00:14:37.240 “Think not of those, who are slain in the way of Allah, as dead. Nay, they are living. With their Lord they have provision.” (3:169) 00:14:37.240 --> 00:14:41.240 “Think not of those, who are slain in the way of Allah, as dead. Nay, they are living. With their Lord they have provision.” (3:169) 00:14:41.240 --> 00:14:45.240 “Jubilant (are they) because of that which Allah hath bestowed upon them of His bounty, rejoicing for the sake of those who have not joined them but are left behind: That there shall no fear come upon them neither shall they grieve.” (3:170) 00:14:45.240 --> 00:14:50.240 “Jubilant (are they) because of that which Allah hath bestowed upon them of His bounty, rejoicing for the sake of those who have not joined them but are left behind: That there shall no fear come upon them neither shall they grieve.” (3:170) 00:14:50.240 --> 00:14:54.240 “Jubilant (are they) because of that which Allah hath bestowed upon them of His bounty, rejoicing for the sake of those who have not joined them but are left behind: That there shall no fear come upon them neither shall they grieve.” (3:170) 00:14:54.240 --> 00:14:58.240 “They rejoice because of favour from Allah and kindness, and that Allah wasteth not the wage of the believers.” (3:171) 00:14:58.240 --> 00:15:02.240 “They rejoice because of favour from Allah and kindness, and that Allah wasteth not the wage of the believers.” (3:171) 00:15:02.240 --> 00:15:05.039 On the authority of Jabir, who said: 00:15:05.039 --> 00:15:09.039 Some people drank wine on the morning of the Day of Uhud, 00:15:09.039 --> 00:15:12.039 and they were all killed on that day as martyrs; 00:15:12.039 --> 00:15:15.039 and that was before it was prohibited. 00:15:15.039 --> 00:15:18.639 Commentary on the hadith: 00:15:18.639 --> 00:15:22.320 "Some people drank wine on the morning of Uhud" 00:15:22.320 --> 00:15:25.320 Meaning they drank wine in the morning. 00:15:25.320 --> 00:15:28.320 *Al-sabuh* is drinking in the morning, 00:15:28.320 --> 00:15:31.320 and *al-ghabuq* is drinking in the evening. 00:15:31.320 --> 00:15:35.320 "Before it was prohibited" means before wine was made forbidden. 00:15:35.320 --> 00:15:38.889 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:15:38.889 --> 00:15:43.690 In the hadith is that wine was only prohibited after the Battle of Uhud. 00:15:43.690 --> 00:15:50.799 In it is an explanation of the status of martyrdom with Allah Almighty. 00:15:50.799 --> 00:15:54.799 Chapter: Paradise Is Under the Shadow of Swords 00:15:54.799 --> 00:15:57.250 On the authority of Salim Abu al-Nadr, 00:15:57.250 --> 00:16:00.250 the freed slave of 'Umar ibn 'Ubayd Allah, 00:16:00.250 --> 00:16:03.250 who was his scribe, who said: 00:16:03.250 --> 00:16:07.250 'Abdullah ibn Abi Awfa, may Allah be pleased with them both, wrote to him, 00:16:07.250 --> 00:16:09.250 and I read it, 00:16:09.250 --> 00:16:12.250 that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:16:12.250 --> 00:16:15.250 on one of his days in which he met the enemy, 00:16:15.250 --> 00:16:18.250 waited until the sun inclined, 00:16:18.250 --> 00:16:21.250 then stood up among the people and said: 00:16:21.250 --> 00:16:25.250 "O people! Do not wish to meet the enemy, 00:16:25.250 --> 00:16:28.250 but ask Allah for safety. 00:16:28.250 --> 00:16:31.250 But if you meet them, be patient, 00:16:31.250 --> 00:16:34.250 and know that Paradise is under the shadows of swords." 00:16:34.250 --> 00:16:36.250 Then he said: 00:16:36.250 --> 00:16:41.250 "O Allah, Revealer of the Book, Driver of the clouds, 00:16:41.250 --> 00:16:44.250 —in a narration: Swift in reckoning— 00:16:44.250 --> 00:16:46.250 and Defeater of the confederates, 00:16:46.250 --> 00:16:49.250 defeat them and grant us victory over them!" 00:16:49.250 --> 00:16:54.860 In a narration: "O Allah, defeat them and shake them!" 00:16:54.860 --> 00:16:58.399 Commentary on the hadith: 00:16:58.399 --> 00:17:01.399 "Paradise is under the flash of swords" 00:17:01.399 --> 00:17:04.400 A sword flashes (*baraqa*) when it gleams, 00:17:04.400 --> 00:17:06.400 and the word *al-bariqah* may be used 00:17:06.400 --> 00:17:08.400 to refer to the swords themselves. 00:17:08.400 --> 00:17:10.440 "Wrote to him" 00:17:10.440 --> 00:17:14.440 Meaning to 'Umar ibn 'Ubayd Allah ibn Ma'mar al-Taymi, 00:17:14.440 --> 00:17:17.440 who was a commander in the war against the Kharijites. 00:17:17.440 --> 00:17:20.440 "On one of his days in which he met" 00:17:20.440 --> 00:17:23.440 Meaning in one of his military expeditions. 00:17:23.440 --> 00:17:25.440 "Inclined" (*malat*) means declined from the meridian. 00:17:25.440 --> 00:17:27.440 "Safety" (*'afiyah*) 00:17:27.440 --> 00:17:31.470 Meaning protection from every harm in religion and worldly matters. 00:17:31.470 --> 00:17:34.470 "Indeed, Paradise is under the shadows of swords" 00:17:34.470 --> 00:17:36.470 Meaning when the two opposing sides draw close to each other, 00:17:36.470 --> 00:17:40.470 each of them comes under the shadow of the other's sword, 00:17:40.470 --> 00:17:43.470 so Paradise is attained through this. 00:17:43.470 --> 00:17:45.500 "Revealer of the Book" 00:17:45.500 --> 00:17:48.500 Meaning the Revealer of the Noble Qur'an. 00:17:48.500 --> 00:17:50.500 "Defeater of the confederates" 00:17:50.500 --> 00:17:53.690 Meaning the One who breaks them and scatters their unity. 00:17:53.690 --> 00:17:57.519 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:17:57.519 --> 00:17:59.519 It is derived from the hadith: 00:17:59.519 --> 00:18:02.519 Encouragement to be patient and to supplicate during combat. 00:18:02.519 --> 00:18:04.519 In it is the command to ask for safety, 00:18:04.519 --> 00:18:08.519 which encompasses averting all harmful things in religion and worldly life, 00:18:08.519 --> 00:18:11.519 both outward and inward harms. 00:18:11.519 --> 00:18:16.519 In it is the permissibility of unforced rhyming (*saj'*) in supplication. 00:18:16.519 --> 00:18:21.029 Chapter: One Who Desires Children for Jihad 00:18:21.029 --> 00:18:24.250 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, 00:18:24.250 --> 00:18:28.250 from the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, who said: 00:18:28.250 --> 00:18:32.250 "Solomon, son of David, peace be upon them both, said: 00:18:32.250 --> 00:18:35.250 'Tonight I shall surely go around to a hundred women, 00:18:35.250 --> 00:18:37.250 or ninety-nine,' 00:18:37.250 --> 00:18:41.349 —in a narration: to seventy women, 00:18:41.349 --> 00:18:44.349 and in a narration: to ninety women, 00:18:44.349 --> 00:18:48.349 and in a narration: he had sixty women— 00:18:48.349 --> 00:18:53.349 'each of whom will give birth to a horseman fighting in the cause of Allah.' 00:18:53.349 --> 00:18:55.349 His companion said to him, 00:18:55.349 --> 00:18:58.349 —in a narration: the angel said to him— 00:18:58.349 --> 00:19:00.349 'If Allah wills.' 00:19:00.349 --> 00:19:02.349 But he did not say, 'If Allah wills.' 00:19:02.349 --> 00:19:06.349 So none of them became pregnant except one woman, 00:19:06.349 --> 00:19:08.349 who gave birth to half a man. 00:19:08.349 --> 00:19:11.349 By Him in Whose Hand is the soul of Muhammad, 00:19:11.349 --> 00:19:13.349 had he said, 'If Allah wills,' 00:19:13.349 --> 00:19:15.410 —in a narration: 00:19:15.410 --> 00:19:17.410 had Solomon made the exception (*Insha'Allah*), 00:19:17.410 --> 00:19:22.410 they would have fought in the cause of Allah, all of them as horsemen. 00:19:22.410 --> 00:19:23.480 In a narration: 00:19:23.480 --> 00:19:25.480 had he said, 'If Allah wills,' 00:19:25.480 --> 00:19:29.480 he would not have broken his oath and would have been more likely to fulfill his desire. 00:19:29.480 --> 00:19:30.480 And in a narration: 00:19:30.480 --> 00:19:33.480 and it would have led to the attainment of his desire." 00:19:33.480 --> 00:19:37.180 Commentary on the hadith: 00:19:37.180 --> 00:19:40.630 "I shall surely go around tonight to a hundred women" 00:19:40.630 --> 00:19:43.630 A metonymy for sexual intercourse. 00:19:43.630 --> 00:19:45.720 "His companion said to him" 00:19:45.720 --> 00:19:48.720 Meaning the angel who used to bring him revelation; 00:19:48.720 --> 00:19:51.720 and it is said his companion means his minister. 00:19:51.720 --> 00:19:53.720 "None of them became pregnant" 00:19:53.720 --> 00:19:55.720 Meaning of the hundred women. 00:19:55.720 --> 00:19:57.720 "Gave birth" (*ja'at*) means delivered. 00:19:57.720 --> 00:19:59.720 "Half a man" 00:19:59.720 --> 00:20:02.720 Meaning a child incomplete in physical creation. 00:20:02.720 --> 00:20:05.980 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:20:05.980 --> 00:20:08.619 It is derived from the hadith: 00:20:08.619 --> 00:20:12.619 The recommendation of using polite expressions for delicate matters, 00:20:12.619 --> 00:20:15.619 for he expressed sexual intercourse by "going around" (*tawaf*). 00:20:15.619 --> 00:20:19.619 In it is the encouragement to mind one's intention in deeds. 00:20:19.619 --> 00:20:25.619 In it is an explanation of what Allah Almighty singled out the prophets, peace be upon them, with of perfect strength. 00:20:25.619 --> 00:20:31.410 Chapter: Courage in War and Cowardice 00:20:31.410 --> 00:20:34.049 On the authority of Jubayr ibn Mut'im, 00:20:34.049 --> 00:20:39.049 that while he was with the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:20:39.049 --> 00:20:42.049 accompanied by the people returning from Hunayn, 00:20:42.049 --> 00:20:45.049 the Bedouins clung to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:20:45.049 --> 00:20:47.049 begging from him 00:20:47.049 --> 00:20:49.049 until they forced him against a thorny *samurah* tree, 00:20:49.049 --> 00:20:51.049 and it snatched away his cloak. 00:20:51.049 --> 00:20:55.079 So the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, stood still 00:20:55.079 --> 00:20:56.079 and said: 00:20:56.079 --> 00:20:58.079 "Give me back my cloak! 00:20:58.079 --> 00:21:01.079 For if I had livestock equal to the number of these thorny trees, 00:21:01.079 --> 00:21:03.079 I would have distributed them among you, 00:21:03.079 --> 00:21:06.079 then you would not have found me to be a miser, 00:21:06.079 --> 00:21:09.079 nor a liar, nor a coward." 00:21:09.079 --> 00:21:12.690 Commentary on the hadith: 00:21:12.690 --> 00:21:15.359 "*Bayna*" means *baynama* (while). 00:21:15.359 --> 00:21:18.359 "Returning," meaning upon his return. 00:21:18.359 --> 00:21:22.359 From Hunayn, which is a valley between Mecca and Al-Ta'if. 00:21:22.359 --> 00:21:26.359 And that was in the eighth year of the Hijrah. 00:21:26.359 --> 00:21:28.359 "Clung," meaning adhered to him. 00:21:28.359 --> 00:21:31.359 "Forced him," meaning compelled him. 00:21:31.359 --> 00:21:35.359 *Samurah* refers to tall trees with spreading canopy tops, 00:21:35.359 --> 00:21:38.359 Sparse shade, small leaves, 00:21:38.359 --> 00:21:41.359 Short thorns, and excellent wood. 00:21:41.359 --> 00:21:45.359 "Snatched," meaning took hold of and caught. 00:21:45.359 --> 00:21:49.359 *'Idhah* refers to any large thorny tree. 00:21:49.359 --> 00:21:53.359 *Na'am* refers specifically to camels, 00:21:53.359 --> 00:21:57.359 Though it is also said that *na'am* encompasses camels, cattle, and sheep. 00:21:57.359 --> 00:22:00.559 Benefits derived from the hadith: 00:22:00.559 --> 00:22:03.319 It is derived from the hadith: 00:22:03.319 --> 00:22:09.319 That there is no harm in a virtuous man informing others about his noble qualities 00:22:09.319 --> 00:22:13.319 When he fears the ill thoughts of the people of ignorance (*Jahiliyyah*). 00:22:13.319 --> 00:22:16.319 In it is that among the core principles of character are 00:22:16.319 --> 00:22:20.319 Wisdom, generosity, courage, and truthfulness. 00:22:20.319 --> 00:22:24.640 Chapter: Seeking Refuge from Cowardice. 00:22:24.640 --> 00:22:28.960 On the authority of Mus'ab: Sa'd used to command five things, 00:22:28.960 --> 00:22:31.960 And he would relate them from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), 00:22:31.960 --> 00:22:34.960 Reporting that he used to command them. 00:22:34.960 --> 00:22:36.960 In one narration: 00:22:36.960 --> 00:22:39.960 He used to seek refuge through them at the end of every prayer: 00:22:39.960 --> 00:22:43.150 "O Allah, I seek refuge in You from miserliness, 00:22:43.150 --> 00:22:45.150 I seek refuge in You from cowardice, 00:22:45.150 --> 00:22:49.150 I seek refuge in You from being sent back to the most abject stage of life, 00:22:49.150 --> 00:22:52.150 I seek refuge in You from the trials of the world"— 00:22:52.150 --> 00:22:55.150 Meaning the trial of the Dajjal— 00:22:55.150 --> 00:22:58.150 "And I seek refuge in You from the punishment of the grave." 00:22:58.150 --> 00:23:01.759 Commentary on the hadith: 00:23:01.759 --> 00:23:04.170 "Five," meaning five traits. 00:23:04.170 --> 00:23:07.170 Cowardice is the opposite of courage. 00:23:07.170 --> 00:23:09.170 "The most abject stage of life" 00:23:09.170 --> 00:23:12.170 Refers to the condition of extreme old age, decrepitude, weakness, and senility. 00:23:12.170 --> 00:23:14.170 "The trial of the world" 00:23:14.170 --> 00:23:16.170 Refers to selling one's Hereafter 00:23:16.170 --> 00:23:20.170 For the immediate status and wealth gained in this worldly life. 00:23:20.170 --> 00:23:23.519 Benefits derived from the hadith: 00:23:23.519 --> 00:23:26.289 It is derived from the hadith: 00:23:26.289 --> 00:23:29.289 A clarification of the virtue of seeking refuge in Allah Almighty. 00:23:29.289 --> 00:23:32.289 In it is the affirmation of the punishment of the grave. 00:23:32.289 --> 00:23:36.289 In it is guidance toward teaching people the authentic supplications narrated from the Prophet. 00:23:36.289 --> 00:23:42.309 On the authority of Anas ibn Malik (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 00:23:42.309 --> 00:23:46.309 The Prophet of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) used to say: 00:23:46.309 --> 00:23:50.309 "O Allah, I seek refuge in You from incapacity, laziness, 00:23:50.309 --> 00:23:53.309 Cowardice, miserliness, and extreme old age." 00:23:53.309 --> 00:23:55.400 In one narration: 00:23:55.400 --> 00:23:57.400 "And the most abject stage of life, 00:23:57.400 --> 00:23:59.400 And I seek refuge in You from the punishment of the grave." 00:23:59.400 --> 00:24:01.400 In another narration: 00:24:01.400 --> 00:24:03.400 "And the trial of the Dajjal, 00:24:03.400 --> 00:24:07.400 And I seek refuge in You from the trials of life and death." 00:24:07.400 --> 00:24:10.920 Commentary on the hadith: 00:24:10.920 --> 00:24:14.430 "Incapacity" means the lack of capability. 00:24:14.430 --> 00:24:18.430 "Laziness" means the lack of desire to work, 00:24:18.430 --> 00:24:19.430 Weakness of resolve, 00:24:19.430 --> 00:24:22.430 And preferring physical rest over exertion. 00:24:22.430 --> 00:24:25.460 "Extreme old age" refers to advanced age. 00:24:25.460 --> 00:24:28.460 "The trials of life and death": 00:24:28.460 --> 00:24:30.460 The trial of life is 00:24:30.460 --> 00:24:34.460 That one is infatuated with the world, becoming preoccupied with it at the expense of the Hereafter. 00:24:34.460 --> 00:24:36.460 The trial of death is 00:24:36.460 --> 00:24:40.460 The fear of a bad end at the time of death. 00:24:40.460 --> 00:24:43.460 "The most abject stage of life" means the lowest and vilest part of it, 00:24:43.460 --> 00:24:47.460 Where man's apparent and hidden faculties deteriorate. 00:24:47.460 --> 00:24:50.750 Benefits derived from the hadith: 00:24:50.750 --> 00:24:53.549 It is derived from the hadith: 00:24:53.549 --> 00:24:56.549 The virtue of seeking refuge in Allah Almighty 00:24:56.549 --> 00:24:59.549 In warding off everything that contains harm and corruption. 00:24:59.549 --> 00:25:04.609 In it is the permissibility of supplicating for whatever a servant wishes, whether in detail or in general terms. 00:25:04.609 --> 00:25:10.119 Chapter: One Who Relates His Experience in War. 00:25:10.119 --> 00:25:13.660 On the authority of Al-Sa'ib ibn Yazid, who said: 00:25:13.660 --> 00:25:16.660 I accompanied Talhah ibn 'Ubayd Allah, 00:25:16.660 --> 00:25:19.660 Sa'd, Al-Miqdad ibn al-Aswad, 00:25:19.660 --> 00:25:22.660 And 'Abd al-Rahman ibn 'Awf (may Allah be pleased with them), 00:25:22.660 --> 00:25:28.660 And I never heard any of them relate anything from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), 00:25:28.660 --> 00:25:33.660 Except that I heard Talhah narrate about the Day of Uhud. 00:25:33.660 --> 00:25:37.329 Commentary on the hadith: 00:25:37.329 --> 00:25:40.880 Chapter: One Who Relates His Experience in War. 00:25:40.880 --> 00:25:43.880 "His experience" refers to that which he witnessed and attended. 00:25:43.880 --> 00:25:48.880 "Sa'd" is Ibn Abi Waqqas (may Allah be pleased with him). 00:25:48.880 --> 00:25:52.230 Benefits derived from the hadith: 00:25:52.230 --> 00:25:54.930 It is derived from the hadith: 00:25:54.930 --> 00:25:57.930 A man may relate the hardship he previously endured 00:25:57.930 --> 00:26:00.930 In making Islam triumphant and exalting its word, 00:26:00.930 --> 00:26:04.930 So that those seeking an example may follow him and emulate him, 00:26:04.930 --> 00:26:06.930 And to encourage people toward that. 00:26:06.930 --> 00:26:11.930 In it is that the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) are all upright (*'udul*), 00:26:11.930 --> 00:26:15.930 Though they varied in their transmission between those who narrated few and those who narrated many. 00:26:15.930 --> 00:26:20.880 Chapter: A Disbeliever Kills a Muslim, 00:26:20.880 --> 00:26:24.880 Then Embraces Islam, Acts Uprightly Thereafter, and Is Killed. 00:26:24.880 --> 00:26:28.460 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), 00:26:28.460 --> 00:26:32.460 That the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: 00:26:32.460 --> 00:26:36.460 "Allah laughs at two men, one of whom kills the other, 00:26:36.460 --> 00:26:38.460 Yet both enter Paradise: 00:26:38.460 --> 00:26:42.460 One fights in the cause of Allah and is killed, 00:26:42.460 --> 00:26:46.460 Then Allah grants repentance to the killer, who then fights and gains martyrdom." 00:26:46.460 --> 00:26:50.069 Commentary on the hadith: 00:26:50.069 --> 00:26:53.609 "Acts uprightly" means remains steadfast on the straight path. 00:26:53.609 --> 00:26:55.680 "Allah laughs" 00:26:55.680 --> 00:27:01.680 Whenever He wills, in a manner that befits His Majesty and Sublime Exaltation. 00:27:01.680 --> 00:27:04.869 Benefits derived from the hadith: 00:27:04.869 --> 00:27:07.640 It is derived from the hadith: 00:27:07.640 --> 00:27:11.640 That everyone killed in the cause of Allah enters Paradise. 00:27:11.640 --> 00:27:14.640 In it is guidance regarding the obligation of repentance. 00:27:14.640 --> 00:27:19.490 On the authority of 'Anbasah ibn Sa'id, 00:27:19.490 --> 00:27:23.490 That he heard Abu Hurayrah informing Sa'id ibn al-'As, 00:27:23.490 --> 00:27:24.490 Saying: 00:27:25.490 --> 00:27:28.490 "The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) sent 00:27:28.490 --> 00:27:32.490 Aban on a military detachment from Medina toward Najd." 00:27:32.490 --> 00:27:34.619 Abu Hurayrah said: 00:27:34.619 --> 00:27:38.619 "Aban and his companions came to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) 00:27:38.619 --> 00:27:41.619 At Khaybar after he had conquered it, 00:27:41.619 --> 00:27:44.619 And their horses' reins were made of palm fibers." 00:27:44.619 --> 00:27:46.720 Abu Hurayrah said: 00:27:46.720 --> 00:27:50.750 "I said, 'O Messenger of Allah, do not assign a share of the spoils to them.'" 00:27:50.750 --> 00:27:51.750 In one narration: 00:27:51.750 --> 00:27:54.750 "'This is the killer of Ibn Qawqal!'" 00:27:54.750 --> 00:27:58.940 Aban said, "Are you saying this to me, O Wabar? 00:27:58.940 --> 00:28:00.940 You who descended from the top of Ra's Dahn!" 00:28:00.940 --> 00:28:03.000 In one narration: 00:28:03.000 --> 00:28:08.000 "He reproaches me for killing a Muslim man whom Allah honored at my hands, 00:28:08.000 --> 00:28:11.000 And did not humiliate me at his hands!" 00:28:11.000 --> 00:28:14.000 The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: 00:28:14.000 --> 00:28:17.000 "O Aban, sit down." 00:28:17.000 --> 00:28:19.609 And he did not assign a share of the spoils to them. 00:28:19.609 --> 00:28:21.609 Commentary on the hadith: 00:28:21.609 --> 00:28:25.190 A military detachment (*sariyyah*) is a unit of the army. 00:28:25.190 --> 00:28:28.190 "Toward" means in the direction of. 00:28:28.190 --> 00:28:32.190 Najd is the elevated land extending from Tihamah to the land of Iraq. 00:28:32.190 --> 00:28:35.349 *Huzum* is the plural of *hizam* (reins/girths). 00:28:35.349 --> 00:28:39.349 "Made of palm fibers" refers to fibers derived from date palm trees. 00:28:39.349 --> 00:28:44.349 Ibn Qawqal is Al-Nu'man ibn Qawqal (may Allah be pleased with him). 00:28:44.349 --> 00:28:49.410 *Wabar* (hyrax) is a small mountain animal about the size of a cat; 00:28:50.410 --> 00:28:53.410 He only called him that to belittle him. 00:28:53.410 --> 00:28:56.410 "Descended" means came down. 00:28:56.410 --> 00:28:58.410 "From Ra's Dahn"— 00:28:58.410 --> 00:29:01.410 It is said that this is the name of a place. 00:29:01.410 --> 00:29:04.410 "He reproaches me" means he faults me. 00:29:04.410 --> 00:29:07.700 Benefits derived from the hadith: 00:29:07.700 --> 00:29:10.400 It is derived from the hadith: 00:29:10.400 --> 00:29:14.400 The permissibility of a person requesting a share of the war spoils 00:29:14.400 --> 00:29:16.400 If he arrives before the distribution, 00:29:16.400 --> 00:29:18.400 Even if he did not witness the battle itself. 00:29:18.400 --> 00:29:24.400 In it is that repentance wipes away all preceding sins, including murder and other transgressions. 00:29:24.400 --> 00:29:26.400 The hadith includes the fact 00:29:26.400 --> 00:29:31.400 That words driven by human nature would sometimes pass between the Companions, 00:29:31.400 --> 00:29:36.400 And we are commanded to refrain from discussing the disputes that occurred among them (may Allah be pleased with them). 00:29:36.400 --> 00:29:40.400 In it is the general rule that war spoils belong to those who witnessed the battle, 00:29:40.400 --> 00:29:44.400 To the exclusion of those who joined them after the spoils were secured.