In the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
Conclusion from Al-Tabari’s interpretation
It was summarized by Dr. Aqeel bin Salem Al-Shammar
Surah Al-Nour
In the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
God is the light of the heavens and the earth
The likeness of His light is like a niche in which there is a lamp
The lamp in a glass
The bottle looks like a shining star lit from a blessed tree
An olive tree neither native nor western, whose oil almost glows even if fire touches it
Light upon light
God guides to His light whomever He wills
God sets examples for people, and God is All-Knowing of all things
God is the guide of those in the heavens and the earth
By His light, they are guided to the truth
Just as the truth has been illuminated by this revelation in its explanation
Like a niche
It is the pillar of the lamp that contains the wick
This is the equivalent of the niche that is in walls that have no opening
The niche contains a lamp
It is an example of what is in the heart of the believer from the Qur’an and the clear verses
And the lamp is in the bottle
This is an example of the Qur’an
He says
The Qur’an that is in the heart of the believer whose heart God has illuminated in his chest
Then, like the chest, it is free from disbelief in God and doubt in Him
And his enlightenment with the light of the Qur’an
And he was humbled by the clear signs of his Lord and His exhortations therein
On the bright planet
And he said
The bottle
That is the chest of the believer, in which is his heart
As if it were a bright planet
That is, Satan is repelled and stoned with it
The bottle lights its stove from a blessed tree
The lamp is made from the oil of a blessed tree
Olive is neither eastern nor western
It will be in a place where nothing will protect it from the sun
Look at it and wonder at it
The oil of this olive tree almost shines due to its purity and good light
Even if no fire touched him
What if fire touches him?
So God Almighty made his remembrance clear to His creation
Its clarity and clarity almost illuminate those who think about it and consider it
Or turn away from her and her
Even if God had not increased their clarification and clarity by sending down this Qur’an to them
Warning them to his unification
So what if he alerted them to it and reminded them of its signs?
So he added evidence to his arguments against them before that
That is a statement from God and a light on the statement
And the light that he had placed for them and installed before his descent
God grants success to whomsoever of His servants He wishes to follow His light
God represents examples and similarities to people
God gives proverbs and others
Knowledgeable
In houses that God has permitted to be raised and His name to be mentioned in them
His name is mentioned therein, and He is glorified therein in the mornings and the evenings
Men who are not distracted by trade or sale from the remembrance of God
And perform prayers and pay zakat
They fear a day when hearts and eyes will be transformed
God is the light of the heavens and the earth
The likeness of His light is like a niche in which there is a lamp
In houses God has permitted to raise construction
He permitted His servants to mention His name in it
He prays for him in these homes in the mornings and evenings
Men do not occupy these men who pray
Trade or sale based on remembrance of God and sincere obedience to Him
They fear a day when hearts will be shaken by terror
Between greed for salvation and warning of doom
Eyes fluctuate whichever direction it is taken
Is it right or left?
Where do they get their books from?
Believe before the oath or before the good deeds
That will be the Day of Resurrection
May God reward them for the best of what they have done and increase them of His grace
And God provides for whomever He wills without reckoning
Neither trade nor sale distracted them from the remembrance of God
They established prayer and paid zakat
They obeyed their Lord out of fear of His punishment on the Day of Resurrection
So that God will reward them on the Day of Resurrection for the best deeds they did in this world
And He increases their reward
He bestows favor upon them with whatever dignity He bestows upon them
God is gracious to whomever He wills and desires what He does not deserve by His deeds
He did not inform him of his obedience
Without being held accountable for what he did and gave to him
Even when he came to him, he found nothing
He did not find anything for him, and he found God with him and fulfilled his account
God is quick to calculate
And those who denied the monotheism of their Lord
Their deeds that they have done are like a mirage
In the one who spreads out the earth and expands
Thirsty people think a mirage is water
Even when the thirsty person comes to the mirage seeking water
The mirage found nothing
So are those who disbelieve in God due to their deeds that they did out of delusion
They think that God will save them from His punishment
And God found this infidel waiting for his death
On the Day of Resurrection, He will give him an account of his deeds that he did in this world
He rewarded him with the punishment he deserved
God is quick to judge
Because God Almighty does not require crossing fingers
And do not memorize with a heart
But he knew all of that before the servant did it
And after what he did
It is covered by waves, above it is waves, above it is clouds
Boys, one on top of the other. When he took his hand out, he could hardly see them
And whoever God does not give him light, he has no light
Like the actions of these infidels, they were done wrongly and corruptly
Like darkness in a deep sea full of water
The sea is covered with waves
Above the wave another wave covers it
Above the second wave there are clouds
So He made darknesses an example of their deeds
The deep sea is an example of the heart of an infidel
He says he worked with the intention of a heart that was overwhelmed by ignorance
He is overwhelmed by misguidance and confusion
Just as this deep sea is covered by waves, above which are waves, above which are clouds
If the observer stuck his hand out into this darkness, he would hardly see it
Whoever God does not grant him faith, guidance from misguidance, and knowledge of His Book
He has no faith, guidance, and knowledge of his book
Did you not look, O Muhammad, with the eyes of your heart?
So you know that whoever is in the heavens and the earth, from angels, humans, and jinn, prays to God
And the birds are also flying in the air, swimming to him
Every serum and rosary of them
God has taught his prayers and praises
And God is the One with knowledge of what every praying and praising God among them does
Nothing of their actions is hidden from him
Surrounding it all
He rewards them for all of that
To God belongs the authority and dominion of the heavens and the earth
So be afraid of him, people
After your death, you are your destiny and your return to Him
He will reward you for your deeds
My heart is a cloud, then He unites it
Then he turns it into rubble
So you see the moisture coming out through it
And descends from the sky
From mountains in which there is cold
He afflicts with it whomever He wants and turns it away from whomever He wants. Its lightning almost takes away sight
Have you not seen, O Muhammad, that God drives clouds wherever He wants, then combines the clouds, bringing together the scattered ones, then makes the clouds pile up one upon another?
So you see the rain coming out from between the clouds, and His saying, “And it descends from the sky from mountains in which there is hail,” was said to mean that God descends from the sky from mountains in the sky of hail created there.
The other saying is that God sends down from the sky the size of mountains of hail to the earth, and thus punishes whomever He wills, destroying him or his crops and wealth, and diverting it from whomever He wishes of His creation and from their crops and wealth.
God turns the night and the day. Indeed, in that is a lesson for those with insight
God alternates between night and day and disperses them. When this is gone, this comes. Indeed, in God’s creation of the clouds and His sending down of them is rain, and from the sky is hail, and in His altering of night and day is a lesson for those who consider it, because that foretells and indicates that He has a manager and a disposer of things.
God created every animal from water, and some of them walk on their stomachs, and some of them walk on two legs, and some of them walk on four legs.
God creates whatever He wants. God has power over all things
God created every animal from a sperm, and some of them walk on its stomach like snakes and the like
And among them are those who walk on two legs like birds, and among them are those who walk on four legs like animals. God creates whatever He wills of creation. Indeed, God is able to bring about that and create it and create whatever things He wills. Other than Him, He has power. Nothing is impossible for Him.
We have sent down clear verses, and God guides whomsoever He wills to a straight path
O people, We have sent down clear signs that point to the path of truth, and God guides whomever He wills from among His creation by granting them success, so He guides them to the religion of Islam, which is the straight path on which Jaja has strayed.
And they say, “We believe in God and in the Messenger, and we obey.” Then a group of them turns away after that, but those are not believers
The hypocrites say, “We believed in God and the Messenger, and we obeyed God and we obeyed the Messenger.” Then each group of them pondered after they had said this statement on the authority of the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, and called for the trial to be taken by someone else, its opponent.
Those who say this article do not believe in God and the Messenger, and we obey the believers because of their abandonment of seeking judgment from the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace.
And when they are called to God and His Messenger to judge between them, then a group of them turns away
And if these hypocrites are called to the Book of God and to His Messenger to judge between them regarding what they disputed with the judgment of God, then a group of them will turn away from accepting the truth and being satisfied with the judgment of the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace.
If they have the right, they will come to him submissively
And if the truth is for those who call to God and His Messenger to judge between them, they refuse and turn away. They come to the Messenger of God, submitting to his ruling and acknowledging it.
Is there content in their hearts, or do they doubt, or do they fear that God and His Messenger will be unfair to them? Nay, those are the wrongdoers.
Is it in the hearts of those who turn away when they are called to God and His Messenger to judge between them that there is no doubt in the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, that he is God’s Messenger?
They refrain from responding to his ruling and being satisfied with it
Or do they fear that God and His Messenger will be unfair to them if they resort to the ruling of the Book of God and the ruling of His Messenger?
Rather, those who turn away from the rule of God and the rule of His Messenger are people who have wronged themselves by disobeying the command of their Lord
The saying of the believers when they are called to God and His Messenger to judge between them is that they say, “We hear and we obey,” and those are the ones who will be successful.
Rather, the saying of the believers when they are called to the rule of God and the rule of His Messenger to judge between them and their opponents should be that they say, “We heard what was said to us, and we obeyed those who called us to that.” And those are the successful ones, who will live forever in the Gardens of God.
And whoever obeys God and His Messenger, fears God, and fears God, those are the winners
And whoever obeys God and His Messenger in what He commands and prohibits, fears the consequences of disobeying God, and fears God’s punishment by obeying Him in His commands and prohibitions, those are the ones who will attain God’s satisfaction with them on the Day of Resurrection and will be safe from His punishment.
Conclusion from Al-Tabari’s interpretation