1 00:00:00,430 --> 00:00:03,430 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 2 00:00:03,430 --> 00:00:08,529 The best of generations in their conduct and as an example, 3 00:00:08,529 --> 00:00:13,529 Following the Messenger when he strove or excelled. 4 00:00:13,529 --> 00:00:15,529 Mawaddah Association 5 00:00:15,529 --> 00:00:17,530 Presents 6 00:00:17,530 --> 00:00:21,559 Portraits from the Life of the Tabi'un 7 00:00:21,559 --> 00:00:25,980 By Dr. Abd al-Rahman Ra'fat al-Basha, 8 00:00:25,980 --> 00:00:27,980 May Allah have mercy upon him. 9 00:00:27,980 --> 00:00:33,479 Salim ibn Abd Allah ibn Umar, 10 00:00:33,479 --> 00:00:35,799 May Allah have mercy upon him. 11 00:00:43,340 --> 00:00:46,340 The Commander of the Faithful, Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him), 12 00:00:46,340 --> 00:00:48,340 Had a number of children. 13 00:00:48,340 --> 00:00:50,340 But his son, Abd Allah, 14 00:00:50,340 --> 00:00:52,340 Was the one who resembled him most. 15 00:00:52,340 --> 00:00:54,340 Abd Allah ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) also had 16 00:00:54,340 --> 00:00:56,340 A number of children, 17 00:00:56,340 --> 00:00:58,340 More than his father had. 18 00:00:58,340 --> 00:01:00,340 Yet his son, Salim, 19 00:01:00,340 --> 00:01:03,429 Was the one who resembled him most. 20 00:01:03,429 --> 00:01:07,430 So let us follow the life story of Salim ibn Abd Allah, 21 00:01:07,430 --> 00:01:09,430 The grandson of al-Faruq, 22 00:01:09,430 --> 00:01:12,430 And the person most like him in character and appearance, 23 00:01:12,430 --> 00:01:14,430 In religion and in demeanor. 24 00:01:14,430 --> 00:01:21,159 Salim ibn Abd Allah lived in the embrace of Tayyibah (Madinah) the Pure. 25 00:01:21,159 --> 00:01:23,159 And Tayyibah, at that time, 26 00:01:23,159 --> 00:01:26,159 Was draped in garments of wealth and prosperity, 27 00:01:26,159 --> 00:01:29,159 The likes of which it had never witnessed before. 28 00:01:29,159 --> 00:01:33,159 For its provision came to it in abundance from every place. 29 00:01:33,159 --> 00:01:38,159 The Umayyad caliphs provided it with sources of wealth 30 00:01:38,159 --> 00:01:40,159 That one could never have imagined. 31 00:01:40,159 --> 00:01:43,159 But Salim ibn Abd Allah 32 00:01:43,159 --> 00:01:47,159 Did not turn toward the world as others did, 33 00:01:47,159 --> 00:01:49,159 Nor did he concern himself with its fleeting offerings 34 00:01:49,159 --> 00:01:51,159 As others were concerned with them. 35 00:01:51,159 --> 00:01:56,159 Rather, he renounced what was in the hands of the people, desiring what was with Allah. 36 00:01:56,159 --> 00:01:58,159 He turned away from the immediate life, 37 00:01:58,159 --> 00:02:01,159 Hoping for success in the Hereafter. 38 00:02:01,159 --> 00:02:06,159 The Umayyad caliphs tried to shower him with wealth, 39 00:02:06,159 --> 00:02:08,159 Just as they showered others, 40 00:02:08,159 --> 00:02:12,159 But they found him indifferent to what they possessed, 41 00:02:12,159 --> 00:02:15,159 Deeming the world and all it contained as insignificant. 42 00:02:15,159 --> 00:02:18,539 For in a certain year, 43 00:02:18,539 --> 00:02:22,539 Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik came to Makkah for Hajj. 44 00:02:22,539 --> 00:02:25,599 When he began the circumambulation of arrival (tawaf al-qudum), 45 00:02:25,599 --> 00:02:30,599 He saw Salim ibn Abd Allah sitting opposite the Ka'bah in humility, 46 00:02:30,599 --> 00:02:35,599 Moving his tongue with the Qur'an in devotion and reverence, 47 00:02:35,599 --> 00:02:39,599 With tears streaming down his cheeks, 48 00:02:39,599 --> 00:02:43,599 As if there were an ocean of tears behind his eyes. 49 00:02:43,599 --> 00:02:46,699 When the Caliph finished his tawaf, 50 00:02:46,699 --> 00:02:49,699 And prayed two rak'ahs for the Sunnah of the tawaf, 51 00:02:49,699 --> 00:02:53,699 He headed toward where Salim ibn Abd Allah was sitting. 52 00:02:53,699 --> 00:02:55,699 The people cleared a path for him, 53 00:02:55,699 --> 00:02:58,699 Until he took his place beside him, 54 00:02:58,699 --> 00:03:01,699 Coming so close that his knee almost touched his. 55 00:03:01,699 --> 00:03:05,699 Yet Salim did not notice him, nor did he turn toward him, 56 00:03:05,699 --> 00:03:08,699 Because he was absorbed in what he was doing, 57 00:03:08,699 --> 00:03:12,699 Occupied with the remembrance of Allah, oblivious to everything else. 58 00:03:12,699 --> 00:03:16,699 The Caliph began to watch Salim with a sidelong glance, 59 00:03:16,699 --> 00:03:20,699 Seeking an opportunity when he would stop reciting, 60 00:03:20,699 --> 00:03:24,789 And cease his weeping, so that he might speak to him. 61 00:03:24,789 --> 00:03:28,789 When the opportunity arose, he leaned toward him and said, 62 00:03:28,789 --> 00:03:32,789 "Peace be upon you, O Abu Umar, and the mercy of Allah." 63 00:03:32,789 --> 00:03:37,789 He replied, "And upon you be peace, and the mercy of Allah the Almighty, 64 00:03:37,789 --> 00:03:41,789 And His blessings." The Caliph said in a low voice, 65 00:03:41,789 --> 00:03:45,789 "Ask me for a need, that I may fulfill it for you, O Abu Umar." 66 00:03:45,789 --> 00:03:48,919 But Salim did not answer him with anything. 67 00:03:48,919 --> 00:03:51,919 The Caliph thought he had not heard him, 68 00:03:51,919 --> 00:03:55,979 So he leaned closer than before and said, 69 00:03:55,979 --> 00:03:59,979 "I desire that you ask me for a need so that I may fulfill it for you." 70 00:04:00,139 --> 00:04:04,139 Salim said, "By Allah, I am ashamed 71 00:04:04,139 --> 00:04:07,139 To be in the House of Allah, the Majestic and Exalted, 72 00:04:07,139 --> 00:04:10,139 And then ask anyone other than Him." 73 00:04:10,139 --> 00:04:13,180 The Caliph felt embarrassed and fell silent, 74 00:04:13,180 --> 00:04:16,240 But he remained sitting in his place. 75 00:04:17,240 --> 00:04:21,240 Salim rose, intending to return to his lodging, 76 00:04:21,240 --> 00:04:24,240 And the crowds of people followed him; 77 00:04:24,240 --> 00:04:27,240 One asking him about a hadith of the 78 00:04:27,240 --> 00:04:30,240 Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), 79 00:04:30,240 --> 00:04:34,240 Another seeking a legal ruling (fatwa) on a matter of religion, 80 00:04:34,240 --> 00:04:38,240 A third seeking advice on a worldly affair, 81 00:04:38,240 --> 00:04:41,240 And a fourth asking him for supplication. 82 00:04:41,240 --> 00:04:44,370 Among those who followed him 83 00:04:44,370 --> 00:04:47,370 Was the Caliph of the Muslims, Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik. 84 00:04:47,370 --> 00:04:50,370 When the people saw him, 85 00:04:50,370 --> 00:04:53,370 They made room for him until his shoulder touched 86 00:04:53,370 --> 00:04:56,370 The shoulder of Salim ibn Abd Allah. 87 00:04:56,370 --> 00:04:59,370 He leaned toward him and whispered in his ear, saying, 88 00:04:59,370 --> 00:05:02,399 "Here we are, we have now 89 00:05:02,399 --> 00:05:05,399 Left the mosque, so ask me for a need 90 00:05:05,399 --> 00:05:08,430 That I may fulfill it for you." Salim said, 91 00:05:08,430 --> 00:05:11,430 "Is it from the needs of the world or the needs of..." 92 00:05:12,430 --> 00:05:15,500 The Caliph became flustered and said, 93 00:05:15,500 --> 00:05:18,500 "Rather, from the needs of the world." 94 00:05:18,500 --> 00:05:21,500 Salim said to him, "I have not asked 95 00:05:21,500 --> 00:05:24,500 For the needs of the world from the One who owns it, 96 00:05:24,500 --> 00:05:27,500 So how could I ask for them from one who does not own them?" 97 00:05:27,500 --> 00:05:30,500 The Caliph felt ashamed before him, 98 00:05:30,500 --> 00:05:33,500 Greeted him, and turned away, saying, 99 00:05:33,500 --> 00:05:36,500 "How noble you are, O family of al-Khattab, 100 00:05:36,500 --> 00:05:39,500 In your asceticism and piety! 101 00:05:39,500 --> 00:05:42,500 May Allah, the Majestic and Exalted, bless you. 102 00:05:42,500 --> 00:05:46,709 May Allah bless you, O family." 103 00:05:46,709 --> 00:05:49,709 In the year before that, 104 00:05:49,709 --> 00:05:52,740 Al-Walid ibn Abd al-Malik performed Hajj. 105 00:05:52,740 --> 00:05:55,740 When the people departed from Arafat, 106 00:05:55,740 --> 00:05:58,740 The Caliph met Salim ibn Abd Allah 107 00:05:58,740 --> 00:06:01,740 In Muzdalifah while he was in the state of ihram. 108 00:06:01,740 --> 00:06:04,740 He greeted him warmly, 109 00:06:04,740 --> 00:06:07,740 Then looked at his exposed body, 110 00:06:08,740 --> 00:06:11,740 Which looked like a sturdy structure, 111 00:06:11,740 --> 00:06:14,740 And said to him, "You have a fine physique, O Abu Umar. 112 00:06:14,740 --> 00:06:17,740 What is your primary food?" 113 00:06:17,740 --> 00:06:20,740 He replied, "Bread and oil." 114 00:06:20,740 --> 00:06:23,740 "And if I find meat sometimes, I eat it." 115 00:06:23,740 --> 00:06:26,810 He said, "Bread and oil?" 116 00:06:26,810 --> 00:06:29,810 He said, "Yes." 117 00:06:29,810 --> 00:06:32,810 He asked, "Do you crave it?" 118 00:06:32,810 --> 00:06:35,810 He replied, "If I do not crave it, I leave it; 119 00:06:35,810 --> 00:06:40,279 If I become hungry, I crave it." 120 00:06:40,279 --> 00:06:43,279 And just as Salim resembled his grandfather, al-Faruq, 121 00:06:43,279 --> 00:06:46,279 In turning away from the world 122 00:06:46,279 --> 00:06:49,279 And renouncing its fleeting offerings, 123 00:06:49,279 --> 00:06:52,279 He also resembled him in speaking out 124 00:06:52,279 --> 00:06:55,279 With the word of truth, 125 00:06:55,279 --> 00:06:58,410 No matter how heavy the burden, 126 00:06:58,410 --> 00:07:01,410 Or how severe the consequences. 127 00:07:01,410 --> 00:07:04,410 Among such instances is when he entered upon al-Hajjaj. 128 00:07:04,410 --> 00:07:07,410 Al-Hajjaj welcomed him, brought his seat close, 129 00:07:07,410 --> 00:07:10,470 And was excessive in honoring him. 130 00:07:10,470 --> 00:07:13,470 While they were in that state, 131 00:07:13,470 --> 00:07:16,470 Al-Hajjaj was brought a group of men, 132 00:07:16,470 --> 00:07:19,470 With disheveled hair, dusty bodies, 133 00:07:19,470 --> 00:07:22,569 Pale faces, and bound in shackles. 134 00:07:22,569 --> 00:07:25,569 Al-Hajjaj turned to Salim 135 00:07:25,569 --> 00:07:28,569 And said, "These are rebels, 136 00:07:28,569 --> 00:07:31,569 Corruptors in the land." 137 00:07:32,629 --> 00:07:35,629 Then he gave him a sword, 138 00:07:35,629 --> 00:07:38,629 Pointed to the first of them, and said, 139 00:07:38,629 --> 00:07:41,759 "Take care of him; rise and strike his neck." 140 00:07:41,759 --> 00:07:44,759 Salim took the sword from the hand of al-Hajjaj 141 00:07:44,759 --> 00:07:47,759 And walked toward the man, 142 00:07:47,759 --> 00:07:50,759 While the eyes of the people were fixed upon him, 143 00:07:50,759 --> 00:07:53,949 Watching what he would do. 144 00:07:53,949 --> 00:07:56,949 When he stood over the man, he said to him, 145 00:07:56,949 --> 00:07:59,949 "Are you a Muslim?" He replied, "Yes." 146 00:07:59,949 --> 00:08:02,949 "And this question..." 147 00:08:02,949 --> 00:08:06,019 "Proceed to carry out what you were ordered to do." 148 00:08:06,019 --> 00:08:09,050 Salim said to him, "Did you pray the morning prayer?" 149 00:08:09,050 --> 00:08:12,050 The man said, 150 00:08:12,050 --> 00:08:15,050 "I told you I am a Muslim." 151 00:08:15,050 --> 00:08:18,050 "Then you ask me if I prayed the morning prayer?" 152 00:08:18,050 --> 00:08:21,079 "Do you think there is a Muslim who does not pray?" 153 00:08:21,079 --> 00:08:24,079 Salim said, 154 00:08:24,079 --> 00:08:27,079 "I am asking you, did you pray the morning prayer today?" 155 00:08:27,079 --> 00:08:30,079 "May Allah guide you." 156 00:08:30,079 --> 00:08:33,080 "I told you, yes." 157 00:08:33,080 --> 00:08:36,080 "And I asked you to carry out what this tyrant ordered you to do," 158 00:08:36,080 --> 00:08:39,179 "Otherwise you expose yourself to his wrath." 159 00:08:39,179 --> 00:08:42,179 Salim returned to al-Hajjaj, 160 00:08:42,179 --> 00:08:45,179 Threw the sword before him, and said, 161 00:08:45,179 --> 00:08:48,179 "The man testifies that he is a Muslim, 162 00:08:48,179 --> 00:08:51,179 And says that he prayed the morning prayer today." 163 00:08:51,179 --> 00:08:54,179 "It has reached me that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) 164 00:08:54,179 --> 00:08:57,179 Said, 'Whoever prays the morning prayer, 165 00:08:57,179 --> 00:09:00,179 He is under the protection of Allah.'" 166 00:09:00,179 --> 00:09:03,179 "And I will not kill a man who has entered the protection of Allah, the Almighty and Exalted." 167 00:09:03,179 --> 00:09:06,370 Al-Hajjaj said to him, 168 00:09:06,370 --> 00:09:09,370 Angrily, "We are not killing him 169 00:09:09,370 --> 00:09:12,370 For leaving the morning prayer," 170 00:09:12,370 --> 00:09:15,370 "But we are killing him because he is among those who aided in" 171 00:09:15,370 --> 00:09:18,399 "The killing of the Caliph Uthman ibn Affan." 172 00:09:18,399 --> 00:09:21,399 Salim said to him, 173 00:09:21,399 --> 00:09:24,399 "Who is more entitled than I or you to the blood of Uthman?" 174 00:09:24,399 --> 00:09:27,399 Al-Hajjaj fell silent 175 00:09:27,399 --> 00:09:30,500 And could not offer a reply. 176 00:09:30,500 --> 00:09:33,500 Later, one of the witnesses of the gathering arrived in Madinah 177 00:09:33,500 --> 00:09:36,500 And informed Abd Allah ibn Umar 178 00:09:36,500 --> 00:09:39,500 Of what al-Hajjaj had requested of his son, Salim. 179 00:09:39,500 --> 00:09:42,500 He did not wait to hear the rest of the news, 180 00:09:42,500 --> 00:09:45,500 But immediately prompted his narrator, saying, 181 00:09:45,500 --> 00:09:48,500 "And what did Salim do regarding the order of al-Hajjaj?" 182 00:09:48,500 --> 00:09:51,500 He told him, "He did such and such." 183 00:09:51,500 --> 00:09:54,500 He felt relieved and said, 184 00:09:54,500 --> 00:09:57,500 "Astute, astute; wise, wise." 185 00:09:57,500 --> 00:10:02,159 When the Caliphate passed 186 00:10:02,159 --> 00:10:05,159 To Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz, 187 00:10:05,159 --> 00:10:08,159 He wrote to Salim ibn Abd Allah, saying, 188 00:10:08,159 --> 00:10:11,159 "To proceed: Allah, the Almighty and Exalted, 189 00:10:11,159 --> 00:10:14,159 Has tested me with what He has tested me with, regarding the leadership 190 00:10:14,159 --> 00:10:17,159 Of the affairs of the Muslims, without consultation." 191 00:10:18,159 --> 00:10:21,190 "So I ask Allah, who tested me with this matter, 192 00:10:21,190 --> 00:10:24,190 To aid me in it." 193 00:10:24,190 --> 00:10:27,190 "When this letter of mine reaches you," 194 00:10:27,190 --> 00:10:30,190 "Send me the books of Umar ibn al-Khattab," 195 00:10:30,190 --> 00:10:33,190 "His judgments, and his biography," 196 00:10:33,190 --> 00:10:36,190 "For I am determined to follow his biography," 197 00:10:36,190 --> 00:10:39,190 "And walk upon his path, if Allah aids me" 198 00:10:39,190 --> 00:10:42,379 "In that. Peace." 199 00:10:42,379 --> 00:10:45,379 Salim wrote to him, saying: "To proceed, 200 00:10:45,379 --> 00:10:48,379 I have received your letter in which you mention 201 00:10:48,379 --> 00:10:51,379 that Allah, the Almighty and Majestic, has tested you 202 00:10:51,379 --> 00:10:54,379 with the leadership of the Muslims without your seeking it, 203 00:10:54,379 --> 00:10:57,379 nor your consultation, and that you wish to follow 204 00:10:57,379 --> 00:11:00,379 the path of 'Umar; do not let it escape you 205 00:11:00,379 --> 00:11:03,379 that you are in a time other than the time of 'Umar, 206 00:11:03,379 --> 00:11:06,379 and that among your men there is no one who resembles 207 00:11:06,379 --> 00:11:09,379 the men of 'Umar, but 208 00:11:09,379 --> 00:11:12,379 know that if you intend the truth and desire it, 209 00:11:12,379 --> 00:11:15,379 Allah will aid you in it and provide for you 210 00:11:15,379 --> 00:11:18,379 officials who will uphold it for you, 211 00:11:18,379 --> 00:11:21,379 and He will bring them to you from where you do not expect. 212 00:11:21,379 --> 00:11:24,379 For the aid of Allah for the servant is in proportion to 213 00:11:24,379 --> 00:11:27,379 his intention; whoever has a complete intention 214 00:11:27,379 --> 00:11:30,379 for good, the aid of Allah for him is complete, 215 00:11:30,379 --> 00:11:33,379 and whoever has a deficient intention, the aid of 216 00:11:33,379 --> 00:11:36,419 Allah for him is diminished in proportion to his deficiency. 217 00:11:36,419 --> 00:11:39,419 And if your soul tempts you toward 218 00:11:39,419 --> 00:11:42,419 that which does not please Allah, the Majestic and Exalted, 219 00:11:42,419 --> 00:11:45,419 then remember those who were before you from among the rulers 220 00:11:45,419 --> 00:11:48,419 who preceded you in departing from this world, 221 00:11:48,419 --> 00:11:51,419 and ask yourself: 222 00:11:51,419 --> 00:11:54,419 How did their eyes, with which they used to 223 00:11:54,419 --> 00:11:57,419 gaze upon pleasures, decompose? 224 00:11:57,419 --> 00:12:00,419 And how did their bellies, with which they used to 225 00:12:00,419 --> 00:12:03,419 never be satisfied from desires, tear apart? 226 00:12:03,419 --> 00:12:06,419 And how did they become carcasses, 227 00:12:06,419 --> 00:12:09,419 and had the mounds of the earth not concealed them, 228 00:12:09,419 --> 00:12:12,419 we would have been distressed by their stench, 229 00:12:12,419 --> 00:12:15,419 and we would have felt harm from their foul odor. 230 00:12:15,419 --> 00:12:18,419 Peace be upon you, and the mercy of Allah, the Exalted, 231 00:12:18,419 --> 00:12:22,759 and His blessings." 232 00:12:22,759 --> 00:12:25,759 Salim ibn 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar ibn al-Khattab lived 233 00:12:25,759 --> 00:12:28,759 a long life, 234 00:12:28,759 --> 00:12:31,759 filled with piety and overflowing with guidance. 235 00:12:31,759 --> 00:12:34,759 In it, he turned away from the adornment and glitter of the world, 236 00:12:34,759 --> 00:12:37,759 and throughout it, he turned toward that which pleases Allah. 237 00:12:37,759 --> 00:12:40,820 He ate only the simplest of food, 238 00:12:40,820 --> 00:12:43,820 and wore only the coarsest of garments. 239 00:12:43,820 --> 00:12:46,820 He fought against the Romans with the Muslim armies as a common soldier, 240 00:12:46,820 --> 00:12:49,820 and he fulfilled the needs of the Muslims, 241 00:12:49,820 --> 00:12:52,820 and was as tender toward them as a mother. 242 00:12:52,820 --> 00:12:56,049 When certainty came to him 243 00:12:56,049 --> 00:12:59,049 in the year one hundred and six of the Hijrah, 244 00:12:59,049 --> 00:13:02,049 the city of Madinah shook with grief for him, 245 00:13:02,049 --> 00:13:05,049 and his passing left a pang in every heart, 246 00:13:05,049 --> 00:13:08,110 and a tear on every cheek. 247 00:13:08,110 --> 00:13:11,110 People, all the people, went out to escort 248 00:13:11,110 --> 00:13:14,110 his funeral and witness his burial. 249 00:13:14,110 --> 00:13:17,110 Hisham ibn 'Abd al-Malik 250 00:13:17,110 --> 00:13:20,110 was present in Madinah at that time, 251 00:13:20,110 --> 00:13:23,110 so he went out to pray over him and escort him. 252 00:13:23,110 --> 00:13:26,110 When he saw the crowding of the people and their outpouring, 253 00:13:26,110 --> 00:13:29,110 their great number awed him, 254 00:13:29,110 --> 00:13:32,110 and it stirred in his breast a sense of envy. 255 00:13:32,110 --> 00:13:35,110 He asked himself, saying: 256 00:13:35,110 --> 00:13:38,110 "I wonder how many of these people would come out 257 00:13:38,110 --> 00:13:41,110 if the Caliph of the Muslims were to die in 258 00:13:41,110 --> 00:13:44,299 this city of theirs?" 259 00:13:44,299 --> 00:13:47,299 Then he said to Ibrahim ibn Hisham al-Makhzumi, 260 00:13:47,299 --> 00:13:50,299 his governor over Madinah: 261 00:13:50,299 --> 00:13:53,299 "Impose upon the people of Madinah that they send 262 00:13:53,299 --> 00:13:56,299 four thousand men to the frontier borders, 263 00:13:56,299 --> 00:14:03,210 year after year, four thousand." 264 00:14:03,210 --> 00:14:06,210 There was no one in the time of Salim 265 00:14:06,210 --> 00:14:09,210 ibn 'Abdullah who was more similar 266 00:14:09,210 --> 00:14:12,210 to those who had passed away from the righteous 267 00:14:12,210 --> 00:14:15,210 in asceticism, virtue, and way of life. 268 00:14:15,210 --> 00:14:20,129 Imam Malik [said]: 269 00:14:32,129 --> 00:14:35,129 They departed and left behind 270 00:14:35,129 --> 00:14:38,129 a question in the conscience: 271 00:14:38,129 --> 00:14:41,129 Is there a star like them 272 00:14:41,129 --> 00:14:44,129 that has risen and shone? 273 00:14:44,129 --> 00:14:47,129 They filled life 274 00:14:47,129 --> 00:14:50,129 with pride through their deeds, 275 00:14:50,129 --> 00:14:53,129 and the world of the living was adorned by them.