WEBVTT 00:00:00.080 --> 00:00:03.459 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:03.459 --> 00:00:06.259 The Efadah Center 00:00:06.259 --> 00:00:09.500 for Humanistic Studies and Research 00:00:09.500 --> 00:00:12.300 presents 00:00:12.300 --> 00:00:16.300 *Mukhtasar Sahih al-Bukhari* (The Abridgement of Sahih al-Bukhari). 00:00:16.300 --> 00:00:23.550 Chapter: How the Divine Revelation to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) began. 00:00:23.550 --> 00:00:26.550 And the statement of Allah, Exalted be His Mention: 00:00:26.670 --> 00:00:35.859 “Lo! We inspire thee as We inspired Noah and the prophets after him, as We inspired Abraham and Ishmael and Isaac and Jacob and the tribes, and Jesus and Job and Jonah and Aaron and Solomon, and as We imparted unto David the Psalms;” (4:163) 00:00:35.859 --> 00:00:39.859 On the authority of 'Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 00:00:39.859 --> 00:00:44.359 I heard the Prophet (peace be upon him) say: 00:00:44.359 --> 00:00:46.859 "O people! 00:00:46.859 --> 00:00:49.859 Actions are judged only by intentions, 00:00:49.859 --> 00:00:53.520 and every person will have only what he intended. 00:00:53.520 --> 00:00:57.520 Thus, he whose migration was for Allah and His Messenger, 00:00:57.520 --> 00:01:01.020 his migration is for Allah and His Messenger; 00:01:01.020 --> 00:01:05.120 and he whose migration was to achieve some worldly benefit 00:01:05.120 --> 00:01:08.120 or to take a woman in marriage, 00:01:08.120 --> 00:01:12.629 his migration is for that to which he migrated." 00:01:12.629 --> 00:01:16.019 Commentary on the Hadith: 00:01:16.019 --> 00:01:18.019 "O people!" 00:01:18.019 --> 00:01:21.519 Indicates that he (peace be upon him) 00:01:21.519 --> 00:01:24.019 was delivering a sermon (*khutbah*). 00:01:24.019 --> 00:01:25.680 "Actions" 00:01:25.680 --> 00:01:28.180 Encompasses the deeds of the tongue, 00:01:28.180 --> 00:01:30.900 thus including speech. 00:01:30.900 --> 00:01:32.400 "Intention" (*Niyyah*) 00:01:32.400 --> 00:01:35.900 The willful resolve directed toward performing an action, 00:01:35.900 --> 00:01:39.900 seeking Allah's pleasure and complying with His command. 00:01:39.900 --> 00:01:42.250 "Migration" (*Hijrah*) 00:01:42.250 --> 00:01:46.250 Moving from the abode of fear to the abode of safety, 00:01:46.250 --> 00:01:49.750 and from the abode of disbelief to the abode of faith. 00:01:49.750 --> 00:01:54.250 It is also applied to abandoning what Allah has forbidden. 00:01:54.250 --> 00:01:56.670 "To achieve some worldly benefit..." (*Dunya*) 00:01:56.670 --> 00:01:59.170 Derived from *dunuw*, which means closeness. 00:01:59.170 --> 00:02:03.170 The worldly life is named *dunya* because it precedes the Hereafter (*al-Akhirah*), 00:02:03.170 --> 00:02:07.299 or, it is said, due to its rapid decline and impermanence. 00:02:07.299 --> 00:02:08.800 "...or a woman" 00:02:08.800 --> 00:02:11.300 A woman is part of the worldly life, 00:02:11.300 --> 00:02:14.800 but she was specifically mentioned to heighten the warning, 00:02:14.800 --> 00:02:18.520 because the trial (*fitnah*) posed by women is more severe. 00:02:18.520 --> 00:02:21.919 Benefits derived from the hadith: 00:02:21.919 --> 00:02:23.419 First: 00:02:23.419 --> 00:02:28.419 The scholars have transmitted in unbroken succession (*tawatur*) statements extolling the monumental status of this hadith. 00:02:28.419 --> 00:02:31.919 There is nothing in the traditions of the Prophet (peace be upon him) 00:02:31.919 --> 00:02:36.740 more comprehensive, self-sufficient, or immensely beneficial than it. 00:02:36.740 --> 00:02:38.240 Second: 00:02:38.240 --> 00:02:41.240 Every action hinges upon its intention; 00:02:41.240 --> 00:02:44.240 whoever intends something will attain it, 00:02:44.240 --> 00:02:48.520 and whatever one did not intend will not be earned by him. 00:02:48.520 --> 00:02:50.020 Third: 00:02:50.020 --> 00:02:54.020 Sincerity of intention is a prerequisite for the acceptance of any deed. 00:02:54.020 --> 00:03:00.280 On the authority of 'A'ishah, the Mother of the Believers (may Allah be pleased with her): 00:03:00.280 --> 00:03:04.280 Al-Harith ibn Hisham (may Allah be pleased with him) 00:03:04.280 --> 00:03:08.280 asked the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), 00:03:08.280 --> 00:03:09.780 saying: 00:03:09.780 --> 00:03:11.780 "O Messenger of Allah, 00:03:11.780 --> 00:03:14.409 how does the revelation come to you?" 00:03:14.409 --> 00:03:18.979 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) replied: 00:03:18.979 --> 00:03:23.479 "Sometimes it comes to me like the ringing of a bell, 00:03:23.479 --> 00:03:25.979 and that is the hardest upon me. 00:03:25.979 --> 00:03:31.039 Then it releases its hold on me after I have fully comprehended what was said. 00:03:31.039 --> 00:03:35.039 And sometimes the angel takes the form of a man for me 00:03:35.039 --> 00:03:36.539 and speaks to me, 00:03:36.539 --> 00:03:39.039 and I comprehend what he says." 00:03:39.039 --> 00:03:42.669 'A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: 00:03:42.669 --> 00:03:48.669 I indeed saw revelation descending upon him on an extremely cold day, 00:03:48.669 --> 00:03:50.169 and when it released its hold on him, 00:03:50.169 --> 00:03:54.870 his forehead was dripping with sweat. 00:03:54.870 --> 00:03:58.509 Commentary on the Hadith: 00:03:58.509 --> 00:03:59.509 "Revelation" (*al-Wahy*) 00:03:59.509 --> 00:04:01.509 Imparting knowledge of the Divine Law. 00:04:01.509 --> 00:04:09.009 It sometimes specifically denotes the revealed Word of Allah to the Prophet (peace be upon him). 00:04:09.009 --> 00:04:12.199 "Sometimes" (*Ahyanan*) 00:04:12.199 --> 00:04:15.900 The plural of *hin* (time), 00:04:15.900 --> 00:04:18.399 applied to both long and short periods. 00:04:18.399 --> 00:04:20.899 "Ringing of a bell" (*Salsalat al-jaras*) 00:04:20.899 --> 00:04:21.899 Any resonant or metallic sound. 00:04:21.899 --> 00:04:24.459 And the bell (*al-jaras*) 00:04:24.459 --> 00:04:25.959 is a small chime. 00:04:25.959 --> 00:04:26.959 "It releases its hold" (*Fayafsimu*) 00:04:26.959 --> 00:04:29.459 *Al-Fasm* means to sever without total separation, 00:04:29.459 --> 00:04:34.089 indicating that the angel departs only to return. 00:04:34.089 --> 00:04:35.589 "Takes the form of" (*Yatamatthalu*) 00:04:35.589 --> 00:04:37.680 Takes the shape or appearance of. 00:04:37.680 --> 00:04:41.720 "The angel" refers to Jibril (peace be upon him). 00:04:41.720 --> 00:04:43.220 "Dripping" (*Lyatafassadu*) 00:04:43.220 --> 00:04:44.720 *Al-Fasd* 00:04:44.720 --> 00:04:47.720 is the phlebotomic opening of a vein to let blood flow. 00:04:47.720 --> 00:04:50.720 Her description likened his forehead to an opened vein dripping blood, 00:04:50.720 --> 00:04:53.720 emphasizing the extreme profusion of sweat. 00:04:53.720 --> 00:04:57.290 Benefits derived from the hadith: 00:04:57.290 --> 00:04:59.779 First: 00:04:59.779 --> 00:05:03.279 Revelation is not restricted to these two states; 00:05:03.279 --> 00:05:07.279 rather, there are other states, some of which will be mentioned later. 00:05:07.279 --> 00:05:08.910 Second: 00:05:08.910 --> 00:05:15.569 Angels are created beings whose characteristics and duties have been detailed by revelation. 00:05:15.569 --> 00:05:17.069 Third: 00:05:17.069 --> 00:05:23.569 The hadith demonstrates the intense strain and hardship experienced during the descent of revelation, 00:05:23.569 --> 00:05:26.569 owing to its extraordinary nature— 00:05:26.569 --> 00:05:30.730 namely, profuse sweating in severe cold. 00:05:30.730 --> 00:05:32.230 Fourth: 00:05:32.230 --> 00:05:40.180 Inquiring about the manner of things to seek reassurance does not undermine certainty. 00:05:40.180 --> 00:05:45.680 On the authority of 'A'ishah, the wife of the Prophet (peace be upon him), who said: 00:05:45.680 --> 00:05:51.180 The very first form of revelation to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 00:05:51.180 --> 00:05:54.180 was true, righteous dreams during sleep. 00:05:54.180 --> 00:05:57.279 He would not see a dream 00:05:57.279 --> 00:06:00.279 except that it came to pass clearly like the brightness of daybreak. 00:06:00.279 --> 00:06:03.470 Then solitude was made beloved to him, 00:06:03.470 --> 00:06:06.470 so he used to go to the cave of Hira' 00:06:06.470 --> 00:06:08.470 to practice *tahannuth* there— 00:06:08.470 --> 00:06:11.470 *tahannuth* meaning acts of worship— 00:06:11.470 --> 00:06:14.470 for a number of nights, 00:06:14.970 --> 00:06:20.129 before returning to his family and provisioning himself for it. 00:06:20.129 --> 00:06:22.629 Then he would return to Khadijah 00:06:22.629 --> 00:06:25.129 and provision himself similarly, 00:06:25.129 --> 00:06:27.629 until the Truth came to him unexpectedly 00:06:27.629 --> 00:06:30.160 while he was in the cave of Hira'. 00:06:30.160 --> 00:06:33.160 The angel came to him and said: 00:06:33.160 --> 00:06:34.790 "Read!" 00:06:34.790 --> 00:06:38.790 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: 00:06:38.790 --> 00:06:41.480 "I am not one who can read." 00:06:41.480 --> 00:06:42.980 He said: 00:06:43.480 --> 00:06:49.480 "So he seized me and pressed me tightly until I reached the limit of my endurance. 00:06:49.480 --> 00:06:52.079 Then he released me and said: 00:06:52.079 --> 00:06:53.579 'Read!' 00:06:53.579 --> 00:06:54.579 I replied: 00:06:54.579 --> 00:06:57.680 'I am not one who can read.' 00:06:57.680 --> 00:07:00.680 So he seized me and pressed me tightly a second time 00:07:00.680 --> 00:07:03.709 until I reached the limit of my endurance. 00:07:03.709 --> 00:07:06.240 Then he released me and said: 00:07:06.240 --> 00:07:07.740 'Read!' 00:07:07.740 --> 00:07:08.740 I replied: 00:07:08.740 --> 00:07:11.370 'I am not one who can read.' 00:07:11.370 --> 00:07:14.370 until I reached the limit of my endurance. 00:07:14.370 --> 00:07:17.399 Then he released me and said: 00:07:17.399 --> 00:07:20.399 “Read: In the name of thy Lord Who createth,” (96:1) 00:07:20.399 --> 00:07:23.399 “Createth man from a clot.” (96:2) 00:07:23.399 --> 00:07:26.399 ﴿Recite in the name of your Lord who created * Created man from a clinging clot * Recite, and your Lord is the most Generous * Who taught by the pen﴾ 00:07:26.399 --> 00:07:29.399 [al-'Alaq: 1-4], 00:07:29.399 --> 00:07:32.399 up to His saying... 00:07:32.399 --> 00:07:35.399 “Teacheth man that which he knew not.” (96:5) 00:07:35.399 --> 00:07:38.399 So the Messenger of Allah returned with these verses, 00:07:38.399 --> 00:07:41.620 the Messenger of Allah returned with them 00:07:41.620 --> 00:07:44.620 (peace be upon him), with his heart 00:07:44.620 --> 00:07:47.620 trembling, until he entered 00:07:47.620 --> 00:07:50.620 upon Khadijah and said: 00:07:50.620 --> 00:07:53.620 "Wrap me up! Wrap me up!" 00:07:53.620 --> 00:07:56.620 So they wrapped him up until 00:07:56.620 --> 00:07:59.819 the terror left him. He said to Khadijah: 00:07:59.819 --> 00:08:02.819 "O Khadijah, what is wrong with me? 00:08:02.819 --> 00:08:05.819 I truly feared for myself." 00:08:06.819 --> 00:08:09.939 Khadijah replied: 00:08:09.939 --> 00:08:12.939 "Never! Glad tidings to you! 00:08:12.939 --> 00:08:15.939 By Allah, Allah will never disgrace you. 00:08:15.939 --> 00:08:18.939 For by Allah, you uphold the ties of kinship, 00:08:18.939 --> 00:08:21.939 you speak the truth, 00:08:21.939 --> 00:08:24.939 you bear the burdens of the weak, you assist the destitute, 00:08:24.939 --> 00:08:27.939 you honor the guest, 00:08:27.939 --> 00:08:30.939 and you assist those afflicted by genuine calamity." 00:08:30.939 --> 00:08:34.230 Then Khadijah took him 00:08:34.230 --> 00:08:37.230 until she brought him to Waraqah ibn Nawfal, 00:08:37.230 --> 00:08:40.230 who was the cousin of Khadijah— 00:08:40.230 --> 00:08:43.230 her father's brother's son. 00:08:43.230 --> 00:08:46.230 He had embraced Christianity during the pre-Islamic era of ignorance (*Jahiliyyah*), 00:08:46.230 --> 00:08:49.230 and used to write the Arabic script, 00:08:49.230 --> 00:08:52.230 copying from the Gospel in Arabic 00:08:52.230 --> 00:08:55.230 as much as Allah willed him to write. 00:08:55.230 --> 00:08:58.230 He was an elderly man who had become blind. 00:08:58.230 --> 00:09:01.330 Khadijah said: 00:09:01.330 --> 00:09:04.330 "O my cousin, listen to your nephew!" 00:09:04.330 --> 00:09:07.549 Waraqah said: 00:09:07.549 --> 00:09:10.580 "O my nephew, what do you see?" 00:09:10.580 --> 00:09:13.580 So the Prophet (peace be upon him) informed him 00:09:13.580 --> 00:09:16.710 of what he had seen. 00:09:16.710 --> 00:09:19.710 Waraqah said: "This is the Namus (Jibril) 00:09:19.710 --> 00:09:22.710 who was sent down to Musa. 00:09:22.710 --> 00:09:25.740 Would that I were a young man during your mission! 00:09:25.740 --> 00:09:28.740 Would that I were alive..." 00:09:28.740 --> 00:09:30.740 —he mentioned a word— 00:09:30.740 --> 00:09:32.740 in one narration: 00:09:32.740 --> 00:09:34.740 "...when your people expel you!" 00:09:34.740 --> 00:09:38.970 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) asked: 00:09:38.970 --> 00:09:42.000 "Will they really expel me?" 00:09:42.000 --> 00:09:45.000 Waraqah replied: "Yes; 00:09:45.000 --> 00:09:48.000 no man has ever brought the likes of what you have brought 00:09:48.000 --> 00:09:50.000 except that he was met with hostility and persecution. 00:09:50.000 --> 00:09:53.000 If your day of mission finds me alive, 00:09:53.000 --> 00:09:56.159 I will render you mighty support." 00:09:56.159 --> 00:10:00.159 Shortly thereafter, Waraqah passed away, 00:10:00.159 --> 00:10:02.159 and the revelation subsided for a period, 00:10:02.159 --> 00:10:07.159 until the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) became deeply grieved. 00:10:07.159 --> 00:10:10.830 Commentary on the Hadith: 00:10:10.830 --> 00:10:13.409 "Of the revelation..." 00:10:13.409 --> 00:10:15.409 Among the categories of revelation 00:10:15.409 --> 00:10:17.470 is the true vision— 00:10:17.470 --> 00:10:20.470 the righteous dream unmarred by confused nightmares. 00:10:20.470 --> 00:10:22.789 "The brightness of daybreak" (*Falaq al-subh*) 00:10:22.789 --> 00:10:24.789 Radiance, 00:10:24.789 --> 00:10:27.789 in its clear and unmistakable manifestation. 00:10:27.789 --> 00:10:30.049 "Made beloved" 00:10:30.049 --> 00:10:33.110 This inclination was by divine inspiration. 00:10:33.110 --> 00:10:34.110 "Solitude" (*al-Khala'*) 00:10:34.110 --> 00:10:36.269 Seclusion (*al-khalwah*). 00:10:36.269 --> 00:10:37.269 Hira'. 00:10:37.269 --> 00:10:40.340 A well-known mountain in Makkah. 00:10:40.340 --> 00:10:41.340 And the cave (*al-ghar*). 00:10:41.340 --> 00:10:43.340 A pass or opening in the mountain. 00:10:43.340 --> 00:10:45.460 "And he would devote himself to worship" (*fayatahannath*). 00:10:45.460 --> 00:10:51.590 Meaning he worshipped Allah Almighty following the way of Abraham, peace be upon him. 00:10:51.590 --> 00:10:52.590 "To take provisions" (*yatazawwad*). 00:10:52.590 --> 00:10:55.590 Meaning he brought provisions along with him. 00:10:55.590 --> 00:10:57.720 "Until the Truth came to him unexpectedly." 00:10:57.720 --> 00:11:00.720 Meaning divine revelation came to him suddenly. 00:11:00.879 --> 00:11:02.879 "I am not one who reads." 00:11:02.879 --> 00:11:06.039 Meaning "I do not know how to read." 00:11:06.039 --> 00:11:07.039 "So he pressed me" (*faghattanī*). 00:11:07.039 --> 00:11:10.039 Meaning he embraced me and squeezed me tightly. 00:11:10.039 --> 00:11:11.039 Squeezing (*al-ghatt*). 00:11:11.039 --> 00:11:13.039 Restricting the breath. 00:11:13.039 --> 00:11:15.070 "Until I was utterly exhausted." 00:11:15.070 --> 00:11:18.070 Pronounced *jahd* or *juhd*. 00:11:18.070 --> 00:11:22.070 Meaning "the squeezing reached the utmost limit of my endurance." 00:11:22.070 --> 00:11:23.230 "He released me." 00:11:23.230 --> 00:11:25.230 Meaning he let me go. 00:11:25.230 --> 00:11:27.360 "So he returned with them." 00:11:27.360 --> 00:11:29.360 Meaning with the verses. 00:11:29.360 --> 00:11:31.490 Or with the experience. 00:11:31.490 --> 00:11:33.490 "His neck muscles trembling." 00:11:33.490 --> 00:11:37.490 Meaning the muscles between his shoulders and neck were quivering out of fear. 00:11:37.490 --> 00:11:39.649 "So wrap me up!" (*zammilūnī*). 00:11:39.649 --> 00:11:41.649 Meaning "cover me up!" 00:11:41.649 --> 00:11:43.000 Dread (*al-raw'a*). 00:11:43.000 --> 00:11:45.190 Terror. 00:11:45.190 --> 00:11:47.190 "I feared for myself." 00:11:47.190 --> 00:11:50.190 Meaning he feared death from the intensity of the fright. 00:11:50.190 --> 00:11:52.480 Or he feared illness. 00:11:52.480 --> 00:11:54.480 "You bear the burden of the helpless." 00:11:54.480 --> 00:11:57.480 Meaning you assist those who cannot manage their own affairs. 00:11:57.480 --> 00:11:59.539 "And you provide for the destitute." 00:11:59.539 --> 00:12:04.960 Meaning you give people what they cannot find with anyone else. 00:12:04.960 --> 00:12:06.960 "The afflictions of truth." 00:12:06.960 --> 00:12:10.250 Calamities and unforeseen hardships. 00:12:10.250 --> 00:12:12.250 Waraqah ibn Nawfal. 00:12:12.250 --> 00:12:14.250 Ibn Asad ibn 'Abd al-'Uzza. 00:12:14.250 --> 00:12:17.629 Ibn Qusayy ibn Kilab. 00:12:17.629 --> 00:12:18.629 "He had embraced Christianity" (*tanassara*). 00:12:18.629 --> 00:12:21.629 Meaning he had become a Christian. 00:12:21.629 --> 00:12:24.789 "Listen to the son of your brother." 00:12:24.789 --> 00:12:28.789 Referring to the Prophet's father, 'Abdullah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:12:28.789 --> 00:12:33.789 Waraqah shared the same ancestral line up to Qusayy ibn Kilab, 00:12:33.789 --> 00:12:36.820 In whom their lineage met equally. 00:12:36.820 --> 00:12:42.269 Thus, from this genealogical perspective, he stood in the position of his brother. 00:12:42.269 --> 00:12:43.269 The Namus. 00:12:43.269 --> 00:12:45.269 Meaning the keeper of the secret. 00:12:45.269 --> 00:12:49.399 Referencing Gabriel, peace be upon him. 00:12:49.399 --> 00:12:50.399 "A young man" (*jadha'*). 00:12:50.399 --> 00:12:53.460 Meaning a strong, youthful man. 00:12:53.460 --> 00:12:54.460 "Harmed." 00:12:54.460 --> 00:12:56.460 Meaning treated with hostility. 00:12:56.460 --> 00:13:02.460 The reason for this hostility was his bringing them something that required abandoning their familiar religion. 00:13:02.460 --> 00:13:04.720 "Strongly supported" (*mu'azzara*). 00:13:04.720 --> 00:13:05.720 Meaning powerful. 00:13:05.720 --> 00:13:07.720 Derived from *al-azr*. 00:13:07.720 --> 00:13:09.720 Which means strength. 00:13:09.720 --> 00:13:12.720 It may also be derived from *al-izar* (garment). 00:13:12.720 --> 00:13:16.940 Symbolizing his readiness to roll up his sleeves to support him. 00:13:16.940 --> 00:13:18.940 "He did not tarry" (*lam yanshab*). 00:13:18.940 --> 00:13:20.940 Meaning he did not linger before passing away. 00:13:21.940 --> 00:13:24.009 The continuation of the account. 00:13:24.009 --> 00:13:26.009 "And the divine revelation paused" (*fatara al-wahy*). 00:13:26.009 --> 00:13:30.620 Meaning it abated and its descent was delayed for a period. 00:13:30.620 --> 00:13:32.620 Among the benefits derived from this hadith: 00:13:32.620 --> 00:13:35.509 First: 00:13:35.509 --> 00:13:37.509 The dreams of Prophets are divine revelation. 00:13:37.509 --> 00:13:39.610 Second: 00:13:39.610 --> 00:13:43.610 The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, was initially prepared through true dreams 00:13:43.610 --> 00:13:47.610 To serve as a gentle transition and preparation for waking divine revelation. 00:13:47.610 --> 00:13:49.899 Third: 00:13:49.899 --> 00:13:55.059 Seclusion frees the heart for whatever it directs its focus toward. 00:13:55.059 --> 00:13:56.059 Fourth: 00:13:56.059 --> 00:14:01.059 The hadith indicates that whatever knowledge a person acquires 00:14:01.059 --> 00:14:06.059 Is solely through the power, success, and assistance granted by Allah, Mighty and Majestic. 00:14:06.059 --> 00:14:11.059 For it was knowledge bestowed upon the Ummah of Muhammad, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:14:11.059 --> 00:14:16.059 Such that they came to write with the pen after having been unlettered. 00:14:16.059 --> 00:14:18.340 Fifth: 00:14:18.340 --> 00:14:21.340 It is recommended to reassure someone undergoing a distressing event 00:14:21.340 --> 00:14:26.629 By reminding them of how manageable it is and minimizing their alarm. 00:14:26.629 --> 00:14:27.629 Sixth: 00:14:27.629 --> 00:14:29.629 Whoever experiences a alarming ordeal, 00:14:29.629 --> 00:14:35.629 It is recommended that they consult someone whose sincere advice and sound judgment they trust. 00:14:35.629 --> 00:14:37.889 Seventh: 00:14:37.889 --> 00:14:41.889 Waraqah was described as writing the Gospel rather than memorizing it, 00:14:41.889 --> 00:14:47.889 Because memorizing the Torah and Gospel was not as easy as memorizing the Qur'an, 00:14:47.889 --> 00:14:51.889 Which was a unique distinction granted specifically to this Ummah. 00:14:51.889 --> 00:14:53.210 Eighth: 00:14:53.210 --> 00:14:59.210 Taking provisions for a journey or similar endeavor does not contradict reliance on Allah (*tawakkul*). 00:14:59.210 --> 00:15:00.370 Ninth: 00:15:00.370 --> 00:15:07.370 The hadith guides that a person in need should put forward someone who recognizes their standing, 00:15:07.370 --> 00:15:11.370 From among those closer in status to the one being asked. 00:15:11.370 --> 00:15:13.590 Tenth: 00:15:13.590 --> 00:15:17.590 It is permissible to express a wish for the impossible if it pertains to performing a good deed, 00:15:17.590 --> 00:15:24.590 For Waraqah wished to return to his youth, which is ordinarily impossible. 00:15:24.590 --> 00:15:26.779 Eleventh: 00:15:26.779 --> 00:15:30.820 The hadith points to the importance of taking advantage of one's youth, 00:15:30.820 --> 00:15:34.820 Because youth affords greater capacity for action and support. 00:15:34.820 --> 00:15:40.960 On the authority of Jabir ibn 'Abdillah, may Allah be pleased with them both, 00:15:41.960 --> 00:15:46.960 That he heard the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, say: 00:15:46.960 --> 00:15:49.990 "Then the divine revelation paused for a period. 00:15:49.990 --> 00:15:53.090 While I was walking, 00:15:53.090 --> 00:15:56.090 I heard a voice from the sky. 00:15:56.090 --> 00:15:59.149 I raised my gaze toward the sky, 00:15:59.149 --> 00:16:03.149 And behold, the angel who had come to me at Hira' 00:16:03.149 --> 00:16:08.340 Was sitting on a throne between the sky and the earth. 00:16:08.340 --> 00:16:10.340 I was struck with awe of him, 00:16:10.340 --> 00:16:13.500 Until I fell to the ground. 00:16:13.500 --> 00:16:15.500 I came to my family and said: 00:16:15.500 --> 00:16:18.500 'Wrap me up! Wrap me up!' 00:16:18.500 --> 00:16:20.570 And in another narration: 00:16:20.570 --> 00:16:25.570 'Cover me up and pour cold water over me!' 00:16:25.570 --> 00:16:26.570 He said: 00:16:26.570 --> 00:16:31.919 'So they covered me up and poured cold water over me. 00:16:31.919 --> 00:16:33.919 Then Allah Almighty revealed: 00:16:33.919 --> 00:16:36.919 ﴿O you who covers himself!﴾ 00:16:36.919 --> 00:16:38.919 Up to His words: 00:16:38.919 --> 00:16:39.919 ﴿...and shun uncleanliness!﴾" 00:16:39.919 --> 00:16:43.980 Commentary on the hadith: 00:16:43.980 --> 00:16:48.870 The angel was Gabriel, peace be upon him. 00:16:48.870 --> 00:16:49.870 "I was struck with awe" (*faju'ith-tu*). 00:16:49.870 --> 00:16:52.870 Meaning I was terrified and filled with fear. 00:16:52.870 --> 00:16:53.970 "I fell" (*hawaytu*). 00:16:53.970 --> 00:16:56.970 Meaning I collapsed to the ground out of intense fear. 00:16:56.970 --> 00:17:01.190 "Cover me up and pour cold water over me." 00:17:01.190 --> 00:17:04.190 The wisdom in pouring water after wrapping up 00:17:04.190 --> 00:17:09.190 Is that trembling is typically followed by fever, 00:17:09.190 --> 00:17:12.190 And it is established in Prophetic medicine 00:17:12.190 --> 00:17:16.119 That fever is treated with cold water. 00:17:16.119 --> 00:17:20.240 Among the benefits derived from this hadith: 00:17:20.240 --> 00:17:21.240 First: 00:17:21.240 --> 00:17:23.240 The temporary pause in revelation 00:17:23.240 --> 00:17:28.240 Was intended to dispel the fear that the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, had experienced, 00:17:28.240 --> 00:17:32.240 And to instill in him an eager longing for its return. 00:17:32.720 --> 00:17:33.720 Second: 00:17:33.720 --> 00:17:38.880 The hadith provides evidence for the actual existence of angels. 00:17:38.880 --> 00:17:39.880 Third: 00:17:39.880 --> 00:17:42.880 Encouragement to persist in worship, 00:17:42.880 --> 00:17:48.009 As the Prophet, peace be upon him, continued his practice of secluded devotion. 00:17:48.009 --> 00:17:49.009 Fourth: 00:17:49.009 --> 00:17:54.009 It is permissible to take provisions when entering spiritual retreat (*i'tikaf*), 00:17:54.009 --> 00:17:56.009 Demonstrating the essence of servitude to Allah 00:17:56.009 --> 00:17:59.009 While fulfilling the rights due to others; 00:17:59.009 --> 00:18:04.009 Hence, the Prophet, peace be upon him, used to return periodically to his family. 00:18:04.009 --> 00:18:06.259 Fifth: 00:18:06.259 --> 00:18:08.259 Whoever is afflicted by an ailment 00:18:08.259 --> 00:18:11.259 May seek treatment according to what they are accustomed to, 00:18:11.259 --> 00:18:13.259 So long as it is not unlawful; 00:18:13.259 --> 00:18:18.259 For when fright overcame the Prophet, peace be upon him, 00:18:18.259 --> 00:18:26.119 He resorted to what he normally did in such a state, which was covering himself up. 00:18:26.119 --> 00:18:28.119 On the authority of Sa'id ibn Jubayr, 00:18:28.119 --> 00:18:32.119 On the authority of Ibn 'Abbas regarding the statement of Allah Almighty: 00:18:32.119 --> 00:18:36.119 “Stir not thy tongue herewith to hasten it.” (75:16) 00:18:36.119 --> 00:18:37.119 He said: 00:18:37.119 --> 00:18:40.119 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:18:40.119 --> 00:18:43.119 Used to suffer great hardship during the descent of revelation, 00:18:43.119 --> 00:18:47.119 And he used to move his lips rapidly because of it. 00:18:47.119 --> 00:18:49.180 Ibn 'Abbas said: 00:18:49.180 --> 00:18:57.180 "I will move them for you just as the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, used to move them." 00:18:57.180 --> 00:18:59.180 Sa'id said: 00:18:59.180 --> 00:19:05.180 "I will move them just as I saw Ibn 'Abbas moving them." 00:19:05.180 --> 00:19:07.180 So he moved his lips. 00:19:07.180 --> 00:19:10.339 Then Allah Almighty revealed: 00:19:10.339 --> 00:19:14.339 “Stir not thy tongue herewith to hasten it.” (75:16) 00:19:14.339 --> 00:19:19.339 “Lo! upon Us (resteth) the putting together thereof and the reading thereof.” (75:17) 00:19:19.339 --> 00:19:20.470 He said: 00:19:20.470 --> 00:19:24.470 Meaning "Its collection in your chest and your recitation of it." 00:19:24.470 --> 00:19:28.599 “And when We read it, follow thou the reading;” (75:18) 00:19:28.599 --> 00:19:29.730 He said: 00:19:29.730 --> 00:19:32.730 Meaning "Listen to it and remain silent." 00:19:32.730 --> 00:19:36.920 “Then lo! upon Us (resteth) the explanation thereof.” (75:19) 00:19:36.920 --> 00:19:39.920 "Then it is upon Us to clarify it and have you recite it." 00:19:39.920 --> 00:19:47.109 After that, whenever Gabriel came to the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 00:19:47.109 --> 00:19:48.109 He would listen attentively; 00:19:48.109 --> 00:19:56.109 And when Gabriel departed, the Prophet, peace be upon him, would recite it just as Gabriel had recited it. 00:19:56.109 --> 00:19:59.619 Commentary on the hadith: 00:19:59.619 --> 00:20:03.200 "He suffered hardship" (*yu'aliju al-mu'alajah*). 00:20:03.200 --> 00:20:06.200 Exerting strenuous effort to accomplish something. 00:20:06.200 --> 00:20:08.460 "I move them." 00:20:08.460 --> 00:20:10.460 Meaning "I move my lips" 00:20:10.460 --> 00:20:12.460 To demonstrate how that effort looked. 00:20:12.460 --> 00:20:19.490 Ibn 'Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both, did not witness the Prophet, peace be upon him, in that specific state, 00:20:19.490 --> 00:20:25.490 Because the descent of these verses clearly occurred at the very beginning of revelation, 00:20:25.490 --> 00:20:29.490 Whereas Ibn 'Abbas was born only three years before the Hijrah; 00:20:29.490 --> 00:20:35.490 Rather, the Prophet, peace be upon him, simply informed him of it later on. 00:20:35.490 --> 00:20:37.680 "Then Allah revealed..." 00:20:37.680 --> 00:20:39.680 Meaning on account of that situation. 00:20:39.680 --> 00:20:43.680 “Stir not thy tongue herewith to hasten it.” (75:16) 00:20:43.680 --> 00:20:44.740 The meaning: 00:20:44.740 --> 00:20:47.740 Do not do that and do not rush it. 00:20:47.740 --> 00:20:49.740 Listen attentively and keep silent. 00:20:50.740 --> 00:20:53.740 Listening attentively (*al-istima'*) is more specific than remaining silent (*al-insat*); 00:20:53.740 --> 00:20:56.740 For *istima'* means actively paying close attention, 00:20:56.740 --> 00:20:59.740 While *insat* means remaining quiet, 00:20:59.740 --> 00:21:02.940 And remaining quiet does not necessarily imply active attention. 00:21:02.940 --> 00:21:04.940 "So follow its recitation." 00:21:04.940 --> 00:21:07.940 Meaning once Gabriel finishes reciting, 00:21:07.940 --> 00:21:10.190 Recite it yourself. 00:21:10.190 --> 00:21:14.089 Among the benefits derived from this hadith: 00:21:14.089 --> 00:21:15.089 First: 00:21:15.089 --> 00:21:20.089 Initially, the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) 00:21:20.089 --> 00:21:22.089 would match Gabriel in reciting the Qur'an, 00:21:22.089 --> 00:21:24.089 hastening to memorize it 00:21:24.089 --> 00:21:27.089 so that no part of it would slip away from him. 00:21:27.089 --> 00:21:28.089 It was also said 00:21:28.089 --> 00:21:32.089 that he recited along out of his intense love for it. 00:21:32.089 --> 00:21:34.220 Second: 00:21:34.220 --> 00:21:38.220 Guidance on avoiding haste when acquiring knowledge. 00:21:38.220 --> 00:21:40.440 Third: 00:21:40.440 --> 00:21:44.440 The recommendation to recite the Qur'an deliberately and without haste. 00:21:44.440 --> 00:21:46.470 Fourth: 00:21:46.470 --> 00:21:50.470 The legitimacy of using parables and depicting abstract concepts. 00:21:50.470 --> 00:21:52.539 Fifth: 00:21:52.539 --> 00:21:55.539 The permissibility of delaying the detailed explanation beyond the time of initial address, 00:21:55.539 --> 00:22:00.849 as held by the majority of scholars. 00:22:00.849 --> 00:22:04.849 On the authority of Ibn 'Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him and his father), who said: 00:22:04.849 --> 00:22:10.910 "The Prophet (peace be upon him) was the most generous of all people in doing good, 00:22:10.910 --> 00:22:13.910 and he was at his most generous during Ramadan 00:22:13.910 --> 00:22:16.910 when Gabriel met him. 00:22:17.009 --> 00:22:23.009 Gabriel (peace be upon him) used to meet him every night in Ramadan 00:22:23.009 --> 00:22:25.009 until it came to an end, 00:22:25.009 --> 00:22:30.009 and the Prophet (peace be upon him) would review the Qur'an with him." 00:22:30.009 --> 00:22:32.009 In another narration: 00:22:32.009 --> 00:22:35.299 "and Gabriel would study the Qur'an with him. 00:22:35.299 --> 00:22:38.299 Thus, when Gabriel (peace be upon him) met him, 00:22:38.299 --> 00:22:43.299 he was more generous in doing good than a sent wind." 00:22:43.299 --> 00:22:47.380 Commentary on the hadith: 00:22:47.380 --> 00:22:49.380 "The most generous of people" 00:22:49.380 --> 00:22:52.509 means the most magnanimous of people. 00:22:52.509 --> 00:22:53.509 "Passes" (yansalikh) 00:22:53.509 --> 00:22:55.609 means elapses or ends. 00:22:55.609 --> 00:22:56.609 "Sent" (al-mursalah) 00:22:56.609 --> 00:22:58.609 means unleashed, 00:22:58.609 --> 00:23:01.609 pointing to the continuous blowing of its mercy, 00:23:01.609 --> 00:23:04.609 and indicating the widespread benefit of his generosity, 00:23:04.609 --> 00:23:09.609 just as a sent wind encompasses everything over which it blows. 00:23:09.609 --> 00:23:14.240 Key benefits derived from the hadith: 00:23:14.240 --> 00:23:15.240 First: 00:23:15.240 --> 00:23:18.240 Encouragement to be generous at all times 00:23:18.240 --> 00:23:21.240 and to seek out occasions of goodness, 00:23:21.240 --> 00:23:24.240 for Ramadan is the season of blessings, 00:23:24.240 --> 00:23:27.500 as is gathering with righteous people. 00:23:27.500 --> 00:23:29.500 Second: 00:23:29.500 --> 00:23:33.500 Guidance to visit the righteous and good people, 00:23:33.500 --> 00:23:37.690 and to repeat such visits if the host does not dislike it. 00:23:37.690 --> 00:23:39.690 Third: 00:23:39.690 --> 00:23:43.690 The recommendation to recite the Qur'an abundantly during Ramadan, 00:23:43.690 --> 00:23:47.779 and that doing so is superior to all other forms of remembrance. 00:23:47.779 --> 00:23:48.779 Fourth: 00:23:48.779 --> 00:23:51.779 The recommendation to study the Qur'an together. 00:23:51.779 --> 00:23:53.819 Fifth: 00:23:53.819 --> 00:23:57.819 An indication that the initial revelation of the Qur'an 00:23:57.819 --> 00:24:00.819 took place in the month of Ramadan.