WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.000 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:15.640 --> 00:00:17.640 The Mawaddah Association is pleased 00:00:17.640 --> 00:00:19.640 to present to you 00:00:19.640 --> 00:00:22.640 Portraits from the Lives of the Female Companions 00:00:22.640 --> 00:00:26.769 by Dr. Abdur Rahman Ra'fat Al-Basha, 00:00:26.769 --> 00:00:31.809 may Allah have mercy on him. 00:00:31.809 --> 00:00:33.810 Fatima Az-Zahra', 00:00:33.810 --> 00:00:36.189 may Allah be pleased with her. 00:00:48.579 --> 00:00:54.070 The Life Story of Fatima Az-Zahra' 00:00:54.070 --> 00:01:00.070 A radiant chapter from the biography of the Great Messenger, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:01:00.070 --> 00:01:05.069 and a magnificent portrayal of life within the noble household of prophecy, 00:01:05.069 --> 00:01:09.069 and a splendid example of the noble Companions. 00:01:09.069 --> 00:01:13.170 Fatima Az-Zahra', may Allah be pleased with her, was born 00:01:13.170 --> 00:01:15.170 in the year the Ka'bah was built, 00:01:15.170 --> 00:01:19.200 five years before the Prophetic mission. 00:01:19.200 --> 00:01:22.200 As for her mother, she was the noble Razan, 00:01:22.200 --> 00:01:26.200 who combined sound intellect with noble lineage, 00:01:26.200 --> 00:01:29.200 and possessed virtuous character, 00:01:29.200 --> 00:01:31.200 and abundant wealth. 00:01:31.200 --> 00:01:34.200 She was known in the pre-Islamic era as "At-Tahirah" (the Pure), 00:01:34.200 --> 00:01:37.200 and was considered the foremost lady of Quraysh. 00:01:37.200 --> 00:01:41.200 She believed in the Messenger, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:01:41.200 --> 00:01:43.200 when people disbelieved, 00:01:43.200 --> 00:01:46.200 and affirmed him when people denied him, 00:01:46.200 --> 00:01:49.200 and supported him with her wealth when people deprived him. 00:01:49.200 --> 00:01:54.200 Allah had blessed this dignified lady with a beautiful face, 00:01:54.200 --> 00:01:57.200 along with the excellent character He bestowed upon her, 00:01:57.200 --> 00:01:59.200 noble lineage, 00:01:59.200 --> 00:02:01.200 and considerable wealth. 00:02:01.200 --> 00:02:04.390 This is the mother of Fatima Az-Zahra'. 00:02:04.390 --> 00:02:07.579 As for her father, he is the master of the Messengers, 00:02:07.579 --> 00:02:09.580 the Seal of the Prophets, 00:02:09.580 --> 00:02:12.580 and the Imam of the God-fearing. 00:02:12.580 --> 00:02:15.580 How noble is this noble lineage as a lineage! 00:02:15.580 --> 00:02:18.580 And how great is this mighty father as a father! 00:02:18.580 --> 00:02:22.680 Fatima Az-Zahra' was the youngest of her parents' children, 00:02:22.680 --> 00:02:27.680 and the youngest child is nurtured amidst tenderness and affection, 00:02:27.680 --> 00:02:30.680 and grows up surrounded by care and love. 00:02:30.680 --> 00:02:36.680 Therefore, Fatima was the beloved flower of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:02:36.680 --> 00:02:38.680 He would be pleased if she was pleased, 00:02:38.680 --> 00:02:40.680 and displeased if she was displeased. 00:02:40.680 --> 00:02:43.680 However, the parents' affection 00:02:43.680 --> 00:02:47.680 did not prevent them from nurturing their cherished daughter, 00:02:47.680 --> 00:02:50.680 and preparing her to bear responsibilities. 00:02:50.680 --> 00:02:55.680 It is narrated that she would manage her household affairs alone, 00:02:55.680 --> 00:02:58.680 with no one assisting her on most days. 00:02:58.680 --> 00:03:05.680 And that she would tend to her father's wounds, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, during the Battle of Uhud. 00:03:05.680 --> 00:03:09.680 When Az-Zahra' reached womanhood, 00:03:09.680 --> 00:03:11.680 many eyes turned towards her. 00:03:11.680 --> 00:03:15.680 Among those who proposed to her were Abu Bakr and Umar, 00:03:15.680 --> 00:03:21.680 but the Messenger, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, politely declined them, 00:03:21.680 --> 00:03:26.680 as if he intended to reserve her for Ali, may Allah be pleased with him. 00:03:26.680 --> 00:03:29.810 In the eighth year of Hijrah, 00:03:29.810 --> 00:03:33.810 Ali ibn Abi Talib proposed to Fatima Az-Zahra'. 00:03:33.810 --> 00:03:38.810 The Messenger, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, quickly responded to his request. 00:03:38.810 --> 00:03:41.810 Ali prostrated in gratitude to Allah. 00:03:41.810 --> 00:03:44.870 When he raised his head from his prostration, 00:03:44.870 --> 00:03:48.870 the Messenger, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said to him, 00:03:48.870 --> 00:03:51.870 "May Allah bless you both and be upon you, 00:03:51.870 --> 00:03:53.870 and make your union blessed, 00:03:53.870 --> 00:03:56.870 and bring forth from you much good." 00:03:56.870 --> 00:04:02.030 The marriage contract of Fatima Az-Zahra' to Ali ibn Abi Talib was witnessed by 00:04:02.030 --> 00:04:05.030 Abu Bakr, Umar, and Uthman, 00:04:05.030 --> 00:04:08.030 and Talhah and Az-Zubayr from the Emigrants, 00:04:08.030 --> 00:04:11.030 and a similar number from the Ansar. 00:04:11.030 --> 00:04:14.159 When the people had taken their seats, 00:04:14.159 --> 00:04:16.160 the Messenger, peace be upon him, said, 00:04:16.160 --> 00:04:19.160 "Praise be to Allah, praised for His blessings, 00:04:19.160 --> 00:04:22.160 worshipped by His power. 00:04:22.160 --> 00:04:27.160 Indeed, Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, has made kinship by marriage a subsequent lineage, 00:04:27.160 --> 00:04:29.160 a binding obligation, 00:04:29.160 --> 00:04:31.160 a just decree, 00:04:31.160 --> 00:04:33.189 and a comprehensive good, 00:04:33.189 --> 00:04:35.189 or a thorn in the wombs, 00:04:35.189 --> 00:04:37.189 and a duty upon mankind. 00:04:37.189 --> 00:04:39.189 So Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, said: 00:04:39.189 --> 00:04:45.189 “And He it is Who hath created man from water, and hath appointed for him kindred by blood and kindred by marriage; for thy Lord is ever Powerful.” (25:54) 00:04:45.189 --> 00:04:49.189 "And it is He who has created man from water, and has made him [of] relationship by blood and marriage. And ever is your Lord competent." (Qur'an 25:54) 00:04:49.189 --> 00:04:53.290 And your Lord is Ever Competent. 00:04:53.290 --> 00:04:56.290 "I bear witness to you that I have married Fatima to Ali," 00:04:56.290 --> 00:04:59.290 "for 400 dirhams of silver," 00:04:59.290 --> 00:05:02.290 "if Ali is pleased with this, according to the established Sunnah," 00:05:02.290 --> 00:05:04.290 "and the obligatory duty." 00:05:04.290 --> 00:05:06.290 So Allah united them, 00:05:06.290 --> 00:05:08.290 blessed them, 00:05:08.290 --> 00:05:10.319 and made their offspring pure. 00:05:10.319 --> 00:05:14.319 I say this and seek forgiveness from Allah, the Almighty. 00:05:14.319 --> 00:05:17.420 And the foremost lady of the Muslims was escorted 00:05:17.420 --> 00:05:19.420 to her husband's home, 00:05:19.420 --> 00:05:23.420 and she had no dowry except a simple bed, 00:05:23.420 --> 00:05:26.420 a leather pillow stuffed with palm fiber, 00:05:26.420 --> 00:05:28.420 a leather basin, 00:05:28.420 --> 00:05:30.420 a waterskin, a sieve, 00:05:30.420 --> 00:05:32.420 a drinking horn, and a cup, 00:05:32.420 --> 00:05:35.579 a perfume flask, and two jars. 00:05:35.579 --> 00:05:38.579 The noble Messenger, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:05:38.579 --> 00:05:41.579 could not bear Fatima's distance from him, 00:05:41.579 --> 00:05:44.579 so he resolved to move her to his vicinity. 00:05:44.579 --> 00:05:48.579 The homes of Harithah ibn An-Nu'man were adjacent to his. 00:05:48.579 --> 00:05:52.579 So he came to the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:05:52.579 --> 00:05:57.579 and said, "I have heard that you wish to move Fatima closer to you. 00:05:57.579 --> 00:05:59.639 These are my homes, 00:05:59.639 --> 00:06:02.639 and they are the closest homes of Banu An-Najjar to you. 00:06:02.639 --> 00:06:06.639 Indeed, I and my wealth belong to Allah and His Messenger. 00:06:06.639 --> 00:06:09.639 By Allah, O Messenger of Allah, 00:06:09.639 --> 00:06:11.639 the wealth you take from me 00:06:11.639 --> 00:06:14.639 is more beloved to me than that which you leave." 00:06:14.639 --> 00:06:18.769 So the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said, 00:06:18.769 --> 00:06:21.769 "You have spoken the truth. May Allah bless you." 00:06:21.769 --> 00:06:24.769 Then he moved Fatima to his vicinity, 00:06:24.769 --> 00:06:29.769 and housed her in one of the homes of Harithah, may Allah be pleased with him. 00:06:29.769 --> 00:06:33.769 And from the time Az-Zahra' settled near her father, 00:06:33.769 --> 00:06:36.769 he would visit her home every morning. 00:06:36.769 --> 00:06:38.769 When the dawn call to prayer sounded, 00:06:38.769 --> 00:06:42.769 he would hold the doorframe of her house and say, 00:06:42.769 --> 00:06:46.769 "Peace be upon you, O People of the House, and may Allah purify you." 00:06:46.769 --> 00:06:50.060 And the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:06:50.060 --> 00:06:52.060 when he returned from a journey, 00:06:52.060 --> 00:06:55.060 would begin with the mosque, praying two rak'ahs, 00:06:55.060 --> 00:06:57.060 then he would proceed to Fatima's house, 00:06:57.060 --> 00:06:59.060 and stay with her for a long time, 00:06:59.060 --> 00:07:02.060 then he would visit the homes of his wives. 00:07:02.060 --> 00:07:04.089 It is narrated from Muhammad ibn Qays 00:07:04.089 --> 00:07:07.089 that the Messenger, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:07:07.089 --> 00:07:10.089 went out on a journey once, 00:07:10.089 --> 00:07:12.180 and Ali ibn Abi Talib was with him. 00:07:12.180 --> 00:07:15.180 Fatima, may Allah be pleased with her, 00:07:15.180 --> 00:07:19.180 made two bracelets, a necklace, and two earrings in their absence, 00:07:19.180 --> 00:07:22.180 and hung a curtain on the door of the house, 00:07:22.180 --> 00:07:25.180 in anticipation of her father and husband's arrival. 00:07:25.180 --> 00:07:28.180 When the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, arrived, 00:07:28.180 --> 00:07:30.180 he entered her home. 00:07:30.180 --> 00:07:33.180 His Companions stood at the door, unsure 00:07:33.180 --> 00:07:35.180 whether to stay or leave, 00:07:35.180 --> 00:07:37.180 due to his prolonged stay with her. 00:07:37.180 --> 00:07:41.220 Then the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, emerged, 00:07:41.220 --> 00:07:43.220 and anger was visible on his face. 00:07:43.220 --> 00:07:45.220 He then sat on the pulpit. 00:07:45.220 --> 00:07:49.220 At that moment, Fatima, may Allah be pleased with her, realized 00:07:49.220 --> 00:07:55.220 that he was displeased because of what he saw of the bracelets, necklace, earrings, and curtain. 00:07:55.220 --> 00:07:59.339 So she removed her earrings, necklace, and bracelets, 00:07:59.339 --> 00:08:01.339 and took down the curtain, 00:08:01.339 --> 00:08:05.339 and sent them to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:08:05.339 --> 00:08:08.339 And she said to the one who carried them, 00:08:08.339 --> 00:08:10.339 "Tell the Messenger, 00:08:10.339 --> 00:08:12.339 'Your daughter sends you her greetings, 00:08:12.339 --> 00:08:16.339 and tells you to spend this in the cause of Allah.'" 00:08:16.339 --> 00:08:18.339 When it reached him, he said, 00:08:18.339 --> 00:08:21.339 "I have done so. May her father be sacrificed for her. 00:08:21.339 --> 00:08:25.339 This world is not for Muhammad nor for the family of Muhammad. 00:08:25.339 --> 00:08:30.339 If this world were worth even the wing of a mosquito in the sight of Allah, 00:08:30.339 --> 00:08:33.340 He would not give a disbeliever a sip of water from it." 00:08:33.340 --> 00:08:36.600 Then, Fatima Az-Zahra's household 00:08:36.600 --> 00:08:39.600 soon became blessed with righteous offspring. 00:08:39.600 --> 00:08:44.600 The noble parents were blessed with Hasan, Husayn, and Muhsin, 00:08:44.600 --> 00:08:47.600 and Zaynab and Umm Kulthum. 00:08:47.600 --> 00:08:52.889 The joy of the noble Messenger, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, was immense for them. 00:08:52.889 --> 00:08:55.889 It is narrated that when Hasan was born, 00:08:55.889 --> 00:08:58.889 his parents named him Harb. 00:08:58.889 --> 00:09:02.889 Then the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, came and said, 00:09:02.889 --> 00:09:04.889 "Show me my son. 00:09:04.889 --> 00:09:06.889 What did you name him?" 00:09:06.889 --> 00:09:08.889 They said, "Harb." 00:09:08.889 --> 00:09:10.889 He said, "Rather, he is Hasan." 00:09:10.889 --> 00:09:16.049 The Messenger, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, would dote on Fatima's children, 00:09:16.049 --> 00:09:20.049 find solace in them, play with them, and carry them. 00:09:20.049 --> 00:09:24.049 And sometimes one of them would ride on his shoulder while he prayed, 00:09:24.049 --> 00:09:26.049 and he would be gentle in his prayer, 00:09:26.049 --> 00:09:28.049 prolonging his prostration, 00:09:28.049 --> 00:09:31.049 so as not to dislodge him from his perch. 00:09:31.049 --> 00:09:36.210 It was his custom, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, to spend the night at Fatima's house 00:09:36.210 --> 00:09:38.210 from time to time, 00:09:38.210 --> 00:09:43.210 and to personally attend to the service of her children while they and their parents sat by. 00:09:43.210 --> 00:09:48.269 One night, he heard Hasan asking for water. 00:09:48.269 --> 00:09:52.370 So he, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, went to a waterskin, 00:09:52.370 --> 00:09:54.370 and began to pour it into a cup. 00:09:54.370 --> 00:09:57.370 Husayn extended his hand to take the water, 00:09:57.370 --> 00:10:00.370 but he withheld it from him and began with Hasan. 00:10:00.370 --> 00:10:02.370 So Fatima said, 00:10:02.370 --> 00:10:04.370 "It seems he is more beloved to you." 00:10:04.370 --> 00:10:07.460 He replied, peace be upon him, 00:10:07.460 --> 00:10:09.460 "He asked for water first." 00:10:09.460 --> 00:10:12.690 And Fatima, may Allah be pleased with her, 00:10:12.690 --> 00:10:16.690 when she entered upon the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:10:16.690 --> 00:10:19.690 he would take her hand, welcome her, 00:10:19.690 --> 00:10:21.690 and seat her in his place. 00:10:21.690 --> 00:10:23.720 And when he entered upon her, 00:10:23.720 --> 00:10:26.720 she would rise for him, welcome him, 00:10:26.720 --> 00:10:29.909 take his hand, and kiss it. 00:10:29.909 --> 00:10:32.909 She entered upon him during his final illness, the one in which he passed away. 00:10:32.909 --> 00:10:35.909 He whispered something to her, and she wept. 00:10:35.909 --> 00:10:38.909 Then he whispered something else to her, and she laughed. 00:10:38.909 --> 00:10:41.909 Aisha witnessed this, 00:10:41.909 --> 00:10:43.909 and thought to herself, 00:10:43.909 --> 00:10:46.909 "I used to think this woman had a special status over other women, 00:10:46.909 --> 00:10:49.909 but she is just like them. 00:10:49.909 --> 00:10:54.100 While she was weeping, she was laughing." 00:10:54.100 --> 00:10:58.100 When the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, passed away, 00:10:58.100 --> 00:11:00.100 she asked her about that. 00:11:00.100 --> 00:11:04.100 She whispered to me, informing me that he was dead. 00:11:04.100 --> 00:11:06.100 So I wept. 00:11:06.100 --> 00:11:10.100 Then she whispered to me that I would be the first of my family to join him. 00:11:10.100 --> 00:11:12.200 So I laughed. 00:11:12.200 --> 00:11:17.200 And Fatimah did not remain long after the passing of her father, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:11:17.200 --> 00:11:20.200 She joined him after a few months. 00:11:20.200 --> 00:11:24.230 It is said she remained six, or three, or two months. 00:11:24.230 --> 00:11:27.460 This is according to differing narrations. 00:11:27.460 --> 00:11:30.460 So in Ramadan of the 11th year of Hijrah, 00:11:30.460 --> 00:11:34.460 Fatimah al-Zahra answered the call of her Lord, 00:11:34.460 --> 00:11:37.460 and rejoiced in joining her father. 00:11:37.460 --> 00:11:39.549 And when her death approached, 00:11:39.549 --> 00:11:42.549 she took charge of washing herself with her own hands. 00:11:42.549 --> 00:11:46.549 And she said to her companion, Asma bint Umays, 00:11:46.549 --> 00:11:49.549 after I have washed myself as well as one can wash, 00:11:49.549 --> 00:11:51.549 "O my mother [a term of endearment, not literal mother], 00:11:51.549 --> 00:11:53.549 bring me the new clothes." 00:11:53.549 --> 00:11:55.549 So she put them on, then said: 00:11:55.549 --> 00:11:57.549 "I have washed myself. 00:11:57.549 --> 00:12:00.549 So let no one uncover my shroud." 00:12:00.549 --> 00:12:02.580 Then she smiled. 00:12:02.580 --> 00:12:05.580 She had not smiled since the passing of her father, 00:12:05.580 --> 00:12:08.580 except for the moment she departed this life. 00:12:08.580 --> 00:12:13.809 May Allah have mercy on the fragrant flower of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:12:13.809 --> 00:12:15.809 with vast mercy. 00:12:15.809 --> 00:12:18.809 For she was wedded to Ali in Ramadan, 00:12:18.809 --> 00:12:22.809 and she was wedded to Paradise in Ramadan as well. 00:12:22.809 --> 00:12:30.779 Fatimah al-Zahra, may Allah be pleased with her, 00:12:30.779 --> 00:12:37.070 is the fragrant flower of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.