WEBVTT

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In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

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Mawaddah Association

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presents "The Ten Promised Paradise":

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'Uthman ibn 'Affan, may Allah be pleased with him.

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"Loving the Companions and the Prophet's kin is a Sunnah

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with which I hope to meet my Lord when He gives me life.

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Loving the Companions and the Prophet's kin..."

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Abu Musa al-Ash'ari, may Allah be pleased with him, performed wudu at his home,

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then went out and said,

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"I will surely stay close to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,

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and I will certainly spend this entire day with him."

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So he came to him while he was sitting at the well of Aris,

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having uncovered his shins and dangled them into the well.

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He greeted him with peace,

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then stepped back and sat at the gate,

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saying,

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"Today I shall be the gatekeeper of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him."

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Then a man came and asked to enter,

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so the Prophet, peace be upon him, said to Abu Musa,

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"Open for him, and give him the glad tidings of Paradise."

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So he opened for him,

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and behold, it was Abu Bakr!

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He gave him the glad tidings of what the Prophet, peace be upon him, had said,

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and Abu Bakr praised Allah.

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Then he entered and sat to the right of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,

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dangling his legs into the well.

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Then another man came and asked to enter,

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so the Prophet, peace be upon him, said,

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"Open for him, and give him the glad tidings of Paradise."

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So he opened for him,

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and behold, it was 'Umar!

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Abu Musa informed him of what the Prophet, peace be upon him, had said,

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and 'Umar praised Allah.

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Then he entered and sat to the left of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,

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dangling his legs into the well.

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Then another man asked to enter,

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so the Prophet, peace be upon him, said,

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"Open for him, and give him the glad tidings of Paradise, along with a trial that will afflict him."

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So he opened for him,

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and behold, it was 'Uthman, may Allah be pleased with him!

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He informed him of what the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, had said,

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and 'Uthman praised Allah,

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then said, "Allah's help is sought."

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Then he entered and sat opposite the Prophet, peace be upon him,

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on the other side of the well.

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Their seating positions were interpreted as representing their graves.

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Time moved on,

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and long years passed,

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until the Commander of the Believers, 'Uthman ibn 'Affan, may Allah be pleased with him, came

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to that very same well,

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six years into his caliphate.

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He sat upon its edge,

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and in his hand was the ring of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him—

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that ring which remained in the Prophet's hand, peace be upon him, until his death,

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then was in the hand of Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him,

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then in the hand of 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with him,

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and then came into the hand of 'Uthman, may Allah be pleased with him.

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'Uthman removed the ring from his hand and sat contemplating it,

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when it fell from his hand into the well.

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'Uthman was dismayed and began searching for it,

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as did the Muslims who were with him.

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The search inside the well continued for three days,

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so much so that they drained all the water from the well,

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yet the ring was not found.

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'Uthman and the Muslims were deeply grieved by that,

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and that was only because of the immense value of this ring in their hearts.

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Imam al-Nawawi, may Allah have mercy on him, said:

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"From the moment the ring fell,

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discord arose among the Muslims;

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it was as though the ring had been a safeguard for them."

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Tribulations began creeping across the far-flung realms of the Islamic state,

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and among the reasons for this, perhaps,

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was 'Uthman's forbearance, may Allah be pleased with him, and his gentle disposition.

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On the other hand,

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there was tribal factionalism,

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the greed of certain tribes for power,

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and also the widespread prosperity among people and their inclination toward luxury,

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which gave rise to a generation of zealous youth lacking knowledge and sound judgment.

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Nor can we overlook the most significant cause of the fitnah,

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which was the role of the Saba'iyyah—

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the followers of 'Abdullah ibn Saba', the Jew—

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in spreading rumors and hatching conspiracies against the Muslims.

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For Ibn Saba' and his cohorts were spreading false rumors among the people,

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which were seized upon by those of weak faith,

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who then turned with resentment against the Commander of the Believers.

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An example of this is that a man from the people of Egypt came to perform the pilgrimage to the House.

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He saw a group of people sitting together and asked,

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"Who are these people?"

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They replied, "These are a group from Quraysh."

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He asked, "Who is the elder among them?"

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They replied, "'Abdullah ibn 'Umar."

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So he said, "O Ibn 'Umar,

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I wish to ask you about something, so tell me:

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Do you know that 'Uthman fled on the day of Uhud?"

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He said, "Yes."

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The man asked, "Do you know that he was absent from Badr and did not attend it?"

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He said, "Yes."

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The man asked,

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"Do you know that he was absent from the Pledge of Ridwan and did not attend it?"

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He said, "Yes."

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Thereupon the man said,

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"Allahu Akbar!"

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So Ibn 'Umar said,

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"Come, let me explain to you.

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As for his fleeing on the day of Uhud,

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I bear witness that Allah pardoned him and forgave him.

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As for his absence from Badr,

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the daughter of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, was his wife,

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and she was sick,

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so the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said to him:

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'You shall have the reward of a man who attended Badr, as well as his share of the spoils.'

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As for his absence from the Pledge of Ridwan,

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had there been anyone more influential in the valley of Mecca than 'Uthman,

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he would have sent him in his place.

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And the Pledge of Ridwan took place after 'Uthman had departed for Mecca,

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so the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, gestured with his right hand and said,

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'This is 'Uthman's hand,'

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and struck it against his other hand, saying,

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'This is on behalf of 'Uthman.'

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Then Ibn 'Umar said to him,

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"Now take these facts along with you!"

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Among the matters for which the rebels resented 'Uthman, may Allah be pleased with him,

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was his appointment of five of his relatives over provinces.

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Yet what objection could there be to that,

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especially when they were people of competence, insight, and wisdom,

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which they proved during their tenures of governance?

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They also held other grievances against him,

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the motives of which were mere personal desire and the instigations of the Saba'iyyah,

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all of which the scholars thoroughly refuted and dismantled.

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The agitators of discord set out from Egypt, heading toward the Prophet's City,

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to confront the Commander of the Believers, 'Uthman ibn 'Affan, may Allah be pleased with him.

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When the people heard of their departure,

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they came to Hudhayfah ibn al-Yaman, may Allah be pleased with him—

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he was, may Allah be pleased with him,

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the keeper of the secret of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him—to question him.

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They said, "These people have marched toward 'Uthman;

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what do you say?"

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He replied, may Allah be pleased with him,

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"By Allah, they will kill him!"

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They asked, "Where will he be?"

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He said, "In Paradise, by Allah."

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They asked, "And where will his killers be?"

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He said, "In the Fire, by Allah."

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When the Commander of the Believers learned of their coming,

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he went out to meet them before their arrival

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and met them in a village outside Medina.

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'Ali ibn Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with him, accompanied him.

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Each side voiced what was on their minds,

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and they agreed upon terms satisfying both parties and serving the common good:

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that the exiled be returned to their homes,

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that the deprived be granted what they had been denied,

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that the fay' revenues be distributed adequately,

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that distribution be carried out justly and trustworthy, capable men be appointed,

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and that Ibn 'Amir be reinstated as governor of Basra

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and Abu Musa al-Ash'ari as governor of Kufa.

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They drew up a document to that effect;

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the people were satisfied, and then departed on their way back.

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Once reconciliation had been reached between the Commander of the Believers, 'Uthman, may Allah be pleased with him,

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and these rebellious agitators,

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'Uthman, may Allah be pleased with him, wrote a letter concerning this to the provinces,

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whereupon minds were eased and unrest ceased.

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However, this outcome did not please the instigators of discord;

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their plot had failed,

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and their vile objectives were thwarted.

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Therefore, they devised another scheme to reignite the fitnah anew

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and destroy the reconciliation achieved between the people of the provinces and the Commander of the Believers, 'Uthman, may Allah be pleased with him.

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They forged a letter in the name of the Commander of the Believers

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and dispatched a man ahead of the Egyptian delegation.

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The man came near them,

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repeatedly crossing their path to draw their attention.

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They said to him, "What is the matter with you?

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You clearly have something going on; what is your business?"

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He said, "I am the messenger of the Commander of the Believers to his governor in Egypt,

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and I carry a letter from him to the governor."

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So they seized him and searched him,

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and they found the letter.

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To their shock, it was purportedly from 'Uthman, the Commander of the Believers, may Allah be pleased with him,

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bearing his seal,

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ordering his governor

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that once the delegation reached Egypt,

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he should seize them and crucify them,

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or kill them,

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or cut off their hands and feet until they died.

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The people were infuriated,

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assuming it was an act of treachery on the part of 'Uthman, may Allah be pleased with him,

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and a breach of the covenant.

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So they turned back until they arrived in Medina,

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where they came to 'Ali, may Allah be pleased with him,

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and said,

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"Have you not seen what the enemy of Allah has done?

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He wrote such-and-such concerning us,

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and Allah has rendered his blood lawful!

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So rise with us against him!"

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'Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, said,

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"By Allah, he never wrote any letter concerning you at all!

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And by Allah, I will never rise with you!"

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So they left him and marched toward 'Uthman, may Allah be pleased with him,

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and said,

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"[They alleged:] 'You wrote such-and-such.'"

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So he, may Allah be pleased with him, said:

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"There are only two fair courses:

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Either you produce two Muslim witnesses who will testify against me regarding this,

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or you must accept my oath by Allah, besides Whom there is no deity worthy of worship:

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I never wrote it, nor did I dictate it, nor did I have any knowledge of it.

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And you well know that a letter can be forged in a man's name,

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and a seal's imprint can be counterfeited."

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But they said:

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"By Allah, Allah has made your blood lawful!"

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Thus they broke the covenant and pledge,

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laid siege to him in his house,

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and demanded that he abdicate the Caliphate.

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The truth is that the Commander of the Faithful, 'Uthman ibn 'Affan, may Allah be pleased with him,

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had been anticipating the eruption of this tribulation,

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as the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) had already informed him of a tribulation that would befall him,

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and that he would attain martyrdom therein.

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He had also commanded him never to surrender the Caliphate to the rebels, saying:

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"O 'Uthman!

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Indeed, Allah will clothe you with a garment,

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so if they seek to strip it from you, do not take it off for them."

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At the outset, 'Uthman

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would go out to the mosque and lead the people in prayer,

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regarding the rebels as baser in his eyes than mere dust.

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Then they barred him from leaving his home,

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so he, may Allah be pleased with him, began praying inside his house.

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He engaged them in debate using the Book of Allah and admonished them;

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among the things he said to them was:

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"If you find in the Book of Allah

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authority to place my feet in shackles, then place them!"

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Thus he silenced them, may Allah be pleased with him,

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through the sheer strength of his argument

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and his deep knowledge of the Book of Allah and the Sunnah of His Messenger (peace be upon him).

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Then he began reminding them of some of his virtues,

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that they might fear Allah regarding him and cease their rebellion.

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He looked down upon them and said:

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"I adjure you by Allah:

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Do you know that when the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)

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arrived in Medina, there was no water

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palatable to drink except the well of Rumah?

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So he said: 'Who will purchase the well of Rumah,

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making his bucket equal alongside the buckets of the Muslims,

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in exchange for something better for him in Paradise?'

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And so I purchased it entirely from my own personal wealth!

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Yet today, you prevent me from drinking from it?"

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They replied: "By Allah, yes."

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He then said: "I adjure you by Allah:

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Do you know that the mosque became too crowded for its congregation,

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and the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said:

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'Who will purchase the plot of so-and-so's family,

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to annex it to the mosque,

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in exchange for something better for him in Paradise?'

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And so I purchased it entirely from my own personal wealth!

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Yet today, you prevent me from praying two rak'ahs in it?"

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They replied: "By Allah, yes."

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He then said: "I adjure you by Allah:

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Do you know that I fully equipped the Army of Hardship (Jaysh al-'Usrah)

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out of my own wealth?"

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They replied: "By Allah, yes."

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He said: "I adjure you by Allah:

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Do you know that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)

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was once atop Mount Thabir in Mecca,

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accompanied by Abu Bakr, 'Umar, and myself,

00:14:08.070 --> 00:14:11.070
and the mountain shook

00:14:11.070 --> 00:14:14.070
so violently that its stones tumbled into the ravine?

00:14:14.070 --> 00:14:17.070
Whereupon he struck it with his foot and said:

00:14:17.070 --> 00:14:20.070
'Be still, Thabir! For there are upon you none other than

00:14:20.070 --> 00:14:23.070
a Prophet, a Siddiq, and two martyrs!'"

00:14:23.070 --> 00:14:26.070
They replied: "By Allah, yes."

00:14:26.070 --> 00:14:29.070
He exclaimed: "Allahu Akbar!

00:14:29.070 --> 00:14:32.070
By the Lord of the Ka'bah, you have testified that I am a martyr!"

00:14:32.070 --> 00:14:35.070
Yet despite his admonitions and reminders,

00:14:36.070 --> 00:14:39.809
the rebels only tightened the siege

00:14:39.809 --> 00:14:42.809
around the Commander of the Faithful, may Allah be pleased with him,

00:14:42.809 --> 00:14:45.809
preventing food and drink from reaching

00:14:45.809 --> 00:14:48.809
him — and Allah alone is the source of help.

00:14:48.809 --> 00:14:51.809
The Mother of the Believers, Safiyyah, may Allah be pleased with her, attempted

00:14:51.809 --> 00:14:54.809
to smuggle food into him secretly,

00:14:54.809 --> 00:14:57.809
but one of them discovered it

00:14:57.809 --> 00:15:00.809
and struck the face of her mule until it retreated.

00:15:00.809 --> 00:15:03.809
She then laid a wooden plank between her house

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and the house of the Commander of the Faithful —

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as she was his neighbor —

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in order to transport food and drink to him.

00:15:12.809 --> 00:15:15.809
The Mother of the Believers, Umm Habibah, may Allah be pleased with her, also attempted

00:15:15.809 --> 00:15:18.809
to bring food to him secretly,

00:15:18.809 --> 00:15:21.809
so she approached his house.

00:15:21.809 --> 00:15:24.809
They asked: "Who is this?"

00:15:24.809 --> 00:15:27.809
She replied: "I am your mother, Umm Habibah."

00:15:27.809 --> 00:15:31.289
But they said: "By Allah, you shall not enter!"

00:15:31.289 --> 00:15:34.289
The stance of the Companions in Medina was by no means passive;

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they came forward alongside their sons

00:15:37.289 --> 00:15:40.289
to defend the Commander of the Faithful.

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However, 'Uthman, may Allah be pleased with him, strictly commanded them

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to restrain their hands, sheathe their swords,

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and return to their homes.

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He said to them: "I adjure anyone over whom

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I hold authority of obedience not to fight!"

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So they withdrew, leaving behind their sons as guards.

00:15:59.289 --> 00:16:02.289
The Ansar, may Allah be pleased with them, also came to him

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and said: "We will support Allah twice over:

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we supported the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him),

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and now we shall support you!"

00:16:11.289 --> 00:16:14.419
But he, may Allah be pleased with him, replied:

00:16:14.419 --> 00:16:17.419
"I have no need of that; go back."

00:16:17.419 --> 00:16:20.419
His insistence on this was solely

00:16:20.419 --> 00:16:23.419
to spare the blood of the Muslims

00:16:23.419 --> 00:16:26.419
from being spilled on his account.

00:16:26.419 --> 00:16:29.419
Moreover, the people of Medina were few in number compared to the rebels,

00:16:29.419 --> 00:16:32.419
whose strength exceeded

00:16:32.419 --> 00:16:35.419
one thousand fierce fighters.

00:16:35.419 --> 00:16:38.419
Furthermore, 'Uthman, may Allah be pleased with him,

00:16:38.419 --> 00:16:41.419
had surrendered entirely to the divine decree and predestination of Allah,

00:16:41.419 --> 00:16:44.419
since the Prophet (peace be upon him) had already informed him

00:16:44.419 --> 00:16:47.419
that he would die murdered in this tribulation.

00:16:47.419 --> 00:16:50.700
The rebels grew anxious that the matter would drag on,

00:16:50.700 --> 00:16:53.700
that the pilgrims would return from Hajj,

00:16:53.700 --> 00:16:56.700
and that delegations would arrive from the regional garrisons

00:16:56.700 --> 00:16:59.700
to come to the defense of the Commander of the Faithful.

00:16:59.700 --> 00:17:02.700
Thus, they hastened to execute their heinous crime —

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to Allah we belong, and to Him we shall return.

00:17:06.119 --> 00:17:09.119
On the morning of Friday,

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the twelfth of the month of Dhu al-Hijjah,

00:17:12.119 --> 00:17:15.119
in the thirty-fifth year of the Hijrah,

00:17:15.119 --> 00:17:18.119
the rebels seized the opportunity

00:17:18.119 --> 00:17:21.119
of the scarcity of people and their absence during the Hajj season.

00:17:22.119 --> 00:17:25.119
They clashed with the guards drawn from the sons of the Companions

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in a fierce battle.

00:17:28.119 --> 00:17:31.119
'Abdullah ibn al-Zubayr sustained severe wounds,

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as did al-Hasan ibn 'Ali,

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along with others, may Allah be pleased with them all.

00:17:37.119 --> 00:17:40.119
At that point, 'Uthman ordered the sons of the Companions

00:17:40.119 --> 00:17:43.119
to depart for their homes,

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and likewise commanded his wives and servants

00:17:46.119 --> 00:17:49.119
to cease defending him.

00:17:50.119 --> 00:17:53.119
He fastened his lower garment tightly

00:17:53.119 --> 00:17:56.119
so that his private parts would not become exposed if he were slain.

00:17:56.119 --> 00:17:59.119
He then turned to his Mus-haf,

00:17:59.119 --> 00:18:02.119
spread it out before him, and began reciting from it;

00:18:02.119 --> 00:18:05.119
he was fasting that day.

00:18:05.119 --> 00:18:08.119
He had just seen the Prophet (peace be upon him) in a dream,

00:18:08.119 --> 00:18:11.119
accompanied by Abu Bakr and 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with them,

00:18:11.119 --> 00:18:14.119
saying to him:

00:18:14.119 --> 00:18:17.119
"Be patient, for you shall break your fast with us tonight!"

00:18:17.119 --> 00:18:20.660
One of the besiegers broke into his presence,

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and when 'Uthman, may Allah be pleased with him, saw him,

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he said: "Between you and me stands the Book of Allah."

00:18:26.660 --> 00:18:29.660
Overcome with shame, the man turned back.

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Then another entered:

00:18:32.660 --> 00:18:35.660
a dark-skinned man from the people of Egypt,

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known as Jabalah.

00:18:38.660 --> 00:18:41.660
He seized 'Uthman, may Allah be pleased with him, by the throat,

00:18:41.660 --> 00:18:44.660
then struck at him with a sword,

00:18:44.660 --> 00:18:47.660
severing his hand.

00:18:47.660 --> 00:18:50.660
Whereupon 'Uthman, may Allah be pleased with him, said:

00:18:50.660 --> 00:18:53.660
"By Allah, that was the very first hand to transcribe the Mufassal surahs!"

00:18:53.660 --> 00:18:56.660
This was because 'Uthman, may Allah be pleased with him,

00:18:56.660 --> 00:18:59.660
was among the first to record the Qur'an

00:18:59.660 --> 00:19:02.660
as dictated directly by the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him).

00:19:02.660 --> 00:19:05.660
When his hand was severed,

00:19:05.660 --> 00:19:08.660
blood splattered across the Mus-haf laid before him,

00:19:08.660 --> 00:19:11.660
landing directly upon the words of the Almighty:

00:19:11.660 --> 00:19:14.660
"Allah will suffice you against them,

00:19:14.660 --> 00:19:17.660
and He is the All-Hearing, the All-Knowing."

00:19:17.660 --> 00:19:20.789
The man then lunged at him with the sword and assassinated him.

00:19:20.789 --> 00:19:23.789
His murder, may Allah be pleased with him, was truly heinous —

00:19:23.789 --> 00:19:26.789
so much so that whenever Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him,

00:19:26.789 --> 00:19:29.789
recalled what had been done to 'Uthman,

00:19:29.789 --> 00:19:32.789
he would weep aloud, sobbing uncontrollably.

00:19:32.789 --> 00:19:36.180
His martyrdom, may Allah be pleased with him, was indeed

00:19:36.180 --> 00:19:39.180
an immense calamity for the Muslims,

00:19:39.180 --> 00:19:42.180
leaving a deep wound in the body of the Islamic Ummah

00:19:42.180 --> 00:19:45.180
from which it continues to suffer to this day —

00:19:45.180 --> 00:19:48.180
and Allah alone is the source of help.

00:19:48.180 --> 00:19:51.430
Yet Allah took vengeance on behalf of 'Uthman, may Allah be pleased with him,

00:19:51.430 --> 00:19:54.430
even in this worldly life;

00:19:54.430 --> 00:19:57.430
for of all those who took part in his murder,

00:19:57.430 --> 00:20:00.430
not a single one died a normal death.

00:20:00.430 --> 00:20:03.430
Imam al-Dhahabi said:

00:20:03.430 --> 00:20:06.430
"Practically all who had a hand in the blood of 'Uthman, may Allah be pleased with him,

00:20:06.430 --> 00:20:09.430
were violently slain, while their ultimate reckoning remains in the Hereafter

00:20:09.430 --> 00:20:12.430
before the Just God, Glorified be He."

00:20:12.430 --> 00:20:16.230
The Commander of the Faithful, 'Uthman ibn 'Affan, passed away,

00:20:16.230 --> 00:20:19.230
may Allah be pleased with him,

00:20:19.230 --> 00:20:22.230
at the age of eighty-two.

00:20:22.230 --> 00:20:25.230
He was washed, shrouded, and prayed over by only a few

00:20:25.230 --> 00:20:28.230
of the Companions, who followed his funeral cortege

00:20:28.230 --> 00:20:31.230
due to the perilous circumstances

00:20:31.230 --> 00:20:34.230
that enveloped Medina at the time.

00:20:35.230 --> 00:20:38.230
He was buried in Hush Kawkab,

00:20:38.230 --> 00:20:41.230
which had been an orchard belonging to a man from Medina

00:20:41.230 --> 00:20:44.230
named Kawkab,

00:20:44.230 --> 00:20:47.230
situated to the east of al-Baqi'.

00:20:47.230 --> 00:20:50.390
'Uthman had previously purchased it from him to incorporate it into al-Baqi'.

00:20:50.390 --> 00:20:53.390
May Allah be pleased with the Rightly Guided Caliph,

00:20:53.390 --> 00:20:56.390
'Uthman ibn 'Affan, slain in patient endurance,

00:20:56.390 --> 00:20:59.390
who was given the glad tidings of Paradise on multiple occasions;

00:20:59.390 --> 00:21:02.390
may Allah be pleased with him and make him well-pleased,

00:21:02.390 --> 00:21:07.220
to the Chosen Prophet,

00:21:07.220 --> 00:21:10.220
the best companions, clearly specified by texts.

00:21:10.220 --> 00:21:13.220
They are

00:21:13.220 --> 00:21:16.220
in the Garden of Eternity,

00:21:16.220 --> 00:21:19.220
explicitly named by texts that increased their

00:21:19.220 --> 00:21:22.220
honor. They are Talhah,

00:21:22.220 --> 00:21:25.220
Ibn 'Awf,

00:21:25.220 --> 00:21:28.220
and al-Zubayr, along with

00:21:28.220 --> 00:21:31.220
Abu 'Ubaydah,

00:21:31.220 --> 00:21:34.220
the two Sa'ds, and the Caliphs.