WEBVTT

00:00:00.080 --> 00:00:05.969
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

00:00:05.969 --> 00:00:12.060
*Ithāf al-Bararah bi-Tarājim al-Qurrā' al-'Asharah* (The Gift to the Virtuous: Biographies of the Ten Qur'an Reciters).

00:00:12.060 --> 00:00:19.260
Biography of Imam Ibn 'Āmir al-Shāmī.

00:00:19.260 --> 00:00:24.350
He is Abū 'Imrān 'Abd Allāh ibn 'Āmir ibn Yazīd,

00:00:24.350 --> 00:00:26.350
Ibn Tamīm ibn Rabī'ah,

00:00:26.350 --> 00:00:30.350
Al-Yaḥṣubī—with the letter *ṣād* vowelled with *fatḥah*, *ḍammah*, or *kasrah*—

00:00:30.350 --> 00:00:33.350
In attribution to Yaḥṣub ibn Dūhmān.

00:00:33.350 --> 00:00:35.350
The Imam of the people of Damascus.

00:00:35.350 --> 00:00:38.670
His lineage is purely Arab according to the correct opinion.

00:00:38.670 --> 00:00:42.670
He was born—may Allah have mercy on him—in the year 8 AH,

00:00:42.670 --> 00:00:46.670
According to what Imam Ibn al-Jazarī verified in *Al-Ghāyah*.

00:00:46.670 --> 00:00:51.020
And it was also said: in the year 21 AH.

00:00:51.020 --> 00:00:56.020
He studied and received the recitations directly from Al-Mughīrah ibn Abī Shihāb al-Makhzūmī,

00:00:56.020 --> 00:00:59.020
Who recited to 'Uthmān ibn 'Affān,

00:00:59.020 --> 00:01:03.020
Just as he also received it directly from Abū al-Dardā' (may Allah be pleased with him),

00:01:03.020 --> 00:01:06.019
A chain confirmed by Imam al-Dānī.

00:01:06.019 --> 00:01:12.019
Both 'Uthmān and Abū al-Dardā' recited directly to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him).

00:01:12.019 --> 00:01:16.439
He was a great Imam, an illustrious Tabi'i,

00:01:16.439 --> 00:01:18.439
And a renowned scholar.

00:01:18.439 --> 00:01:23.439
Whenever he saw an innovation in the mosque, he would immediately change it.

00:01:23.439 --> 00:01:28.700
He led the Muslims in prayer at the Umayyad Mosque for many years,

00:01:28.700 --> 00:01:30.700
During the era of 'Umar ibn 'Abd al-'Azīz,

00:01:30.700 --> 00:01:32.700
As well as before him and after him.

00:01:32.700 --> 00:01:36.700
'Umar ibn 'Abd al-'Azīz himself would pray behind him while serving as Commander of the Faithful,

00:01:36.700 --> 00:01:39.700
And that alone is sufficient testimony to his exalted stature.

00:01:39.700 --> 00:01:42.920
He combined the positions of religious leadership, the judgeship,

00:01:42.920 --> 00:01:45.920
And the mastership of Qur'anic recitation in Damascus—

00:01:45.920 --> 00:01:48.920
Which was at that time the seat of the Caliphate,

00:01:48.920 --> 00:01:52.920
And the destination of scholars and the Tabi'un.

00:01:52.920 --> 00:01:54.920
Thus, the people unanimously agreed upon his recitation,

00:01:54.920 --> 00:01:57.920
Receiving and accepting it wholeheartedly,

00:01:57.920 --> 00:02:02.920
Including the first generation, who were the most virtuous of the Muslims.

00:02:02.920 --> 00:02:08.270
A vast number of students narrated the recitation from him, both through direct presentation (*'arḍ*) and auditory transmission (*samā'*).

00:02:08.270 --> 00:02:12.270
The most famous among them was Yaḥyā ibn al-Ḥārith al-Dhimārī,

00:02:12.270 --> 00:02:15.270
Who succeeded him in leading the school of recitation.

00:02:15.270 --> 00:02:18.270
His recitation became widely renowned through two primary transmitters:

00:02:18.270 --> 00:02:21.270
Hishām and Ibn Dhakwān.

00:02:21.270 --> 00:02:25.270
He passed away—may Allah have mercy on him—in Damascus on the Day of 'Āshūrā',

00:02:25.270 --> 00:02:29.270
In the year 118 AH.

00:02:29.270 --> 00:02:35.800
Biography of Imam Hishām,

00:02:35.800 --> 00:02:41.699
The first narrator from Imam Ibn 'Āmir al-Shāmī.

00:02:41.699 --> 00:02:43.699
He is Abū al-Walīd

00:02:43.699 --> 00:02:46.699
Hishām ibn 'Ammār ibn Naṣīr ibn Maysarah,

00:02:46.699 --> 00:02:49.919
Al-Sulamī al-Dimashqī.

00:02:49.919 --> 00:02:54.919
He was born—may Allah have mercy on him—in the year 153 AH.

00:02:54.919 --> 00:02:57.919
He was the most knowledgeable of the people of Damascus, their chief orator (*khaṭīb*),

00:02:57.919 --> 00:03:01.919
Their master reciter, their prominent hadith scholar, and their mufti,

00:03:01.919 --> 00:03:04.919
Possessing utmost trustworthiness, precision, and probity.

00:03:04.919 --> 00:03:06.979
Ibn Ma'īn declared him trustworthy,

00:03:06.979 --> 00:03:08.979
And Al-Dāraquṭnī said of him:

00:03:08.979 --> 00:03:11.979
"He is truthful and holds a lofty standing."

00:03:11.979 --> 00:03:15.979
He was highly eloquent, a erudite scholar, and vast in his narrations.

00:03:15.979 --> 00:03:19.050
'Abdān al-Ahwāzī said:

00:03:19.050 --> 00:03:21.050
I heard him say:

00:03:21.050 --> 00:03:25.430
"I have not prepared a sermon for twenty years."

00:03:25.430 --> 00:03:27.430
He studied recitation under 'Irāk ibn Khālid,

00:03:27.430 --> 00:03:29.430
Ayyūb ibn Tamīm,

00:03:29.430 --> 00:03:32.430
And others among the companions of Yaḥyā al-Dhimārī.

00:03:32.430 --> 00:03:35.560
He heard hadith from Mālik ibn Anas,

00:03:35.560 --> 00:03:37.560
Muslim ibn Khālid al-Zanjī,

00:03:37.560 --> 00:03:39.560
Ismā'īl ibn 'Ayyāsh,

00:03:39.560 --> 00:03:42.560
Yaḥyā ibn Ḥamzah al-Ḥaḍramī,

00:03:42.560 --> 00:03:45.560
Al-Haytham ibn Ḥumayd al-Ghassānī,

00:03:45.560 --> 00:03:47.560
And a vast multitude of scholars.

00:03:47.560 --> 00:03:51.780
The hadith memorizer Ṣāliḥ ibn Muḥammad (may Allah have mercy on him) said:

00:03:51.780 --> 00:03:54.780
I heard Hishām ibn 'Ammār say:

00:03:54.780 --> 00:03:56.780
"I entered upon Mālik

00:03:56.780 --> 00:03:59.780
And said, 'Narrate hadith to me.'

00:03:59.780 --> 00:04:01.780
He said, 'Recite [what you know].'

00:04:01.780 --> 00:04:04.780
I replied, 'No, rather narrate to me.'

00:04:04.780 --> 00:04:06.780
When I kept pressing him,

00:04:06.780 --> 00:04:09.780
He said to his servant, 'Lash him.'

00:04:09.780 --> 00:04:12.780
So he struck me fifteen lashes with a whip.

00:04:12.780 --> 00:04:17.779
I said, 'You have wronged me, and I will not forgive you!'

00:04:17.779 --> 00:04:20.779
He asked, 'What is the expiation for it?'

00:04:20.779 --> 00:04:24.779
I said, 'That you narrate fifteen hadiths to me.'

00:04:24.779 --> 00:04:26.779
So he narrated them to me,

00:04:26.779 --> 00:04:29.779
Whereupon I said, 'Lash me more,

00:04:29.779 --> 00:04:31.779
And increase the hadiths!'

00:04:31.779 --> 00:04:35.100
He smiled and said, 'Begone!'"

00:04:35.100 --> 00:04:37.100
Abū 'Ubayd

00:04:37.100 --> 00:04:39.100
Al-Qāsim ibn Sallām recited to him,

00:04:39.100 --> 00:04:40.100
Despite his own precedence,

00:04:40.100 --> 00:04:43.100
As did Aḥmad ibn Yazīd al-Ḥulwānī,

00:04:43.100 --> 00:04:46.100
Hārūn ibn Mūsā al-Akhfash,

00:04:46.100 --> 00:04:49.100
Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn Māmūyah,

00:04:49.100 --> 00:04:51.139
And many others.

00:04:51.139 --> 00:04:53.139
Narrations were transmitted from him by Al-Walīd ibn Muslim

00:04:53.139 --> 00:04:55.139
And Muḥammad ibn Shu'ayb—

00:04:55.139 --> 00:04:57.139
Both of whom were among his own teachers—

00:04:57.139 --> 00:04:59.139
As well as Al-Bukhārī in his *Ṣaḥīḥ*,

00:04:59.139 --> 00:05:01.139
Abū Dāwūd al-Sijistānī,

00:05:01.139 --> 00:05:05.139
Al-Nasā'ī, and Ibn Mājah in their *Sunan* collections,

00:05:05.139 --> 00:05:07.329
Among many others.

00:05:07.329 --> 00:05:12.329
He passed away—may Allah have mercy on him—in the year 245 AH.

00:05:12.329 --> 00:05:18.930
A sample from the narration of Hishām from Ibn 'Āmir:

00:05:18.930 --> 00:05:23.699
"I seek refuge in Allah from Satan, the accursed."

00:05:23.699 --> 00:05:28.019
"In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful."

00:05:28.019 --> 00:05:31.019
﴿And [remember] when Abraham said, "My Lord,

00:05:31.019 --> 00:05:35.019
“And when Abraham said: My Lord! Make safe this territory, and preserve me and my sons from serving idols.” (14:35)

00:05:35.019 --> 00:05:37.019
And keep me and my sons away

00:05:37.019 --> 00:05:43.019
From worshipping idols.

00:05:43.019 --> 00:05:48.589
My Lord, indeed they have led astray

00:05:48.589 --> 00:05:54.620
Many among mankind.

00:05:54.620 --> 00:05:59.939
“My Lord! Lo! they have led many of mankind astray. But whoso followeth me, he verily is of me. And whoso disobeyeth me - Still Thou art Forgiving, Merciful.” (14:36)

00:05:59.939 --> 00:06:10.470
“My Lord! Lo! they have led many of mankind astray. But whoso followeth me, he verily is of me. And whoso disobeyeth me - Still Thou art Forgiving, Merciful.” (14:36)

00:06:10.470 --> 00:06:22.029
“Our Lord! Lo! I have settled some of my posterity in an uncultivable valley near unto Thy holy House, our Lord! that they may establish proper worship; so incline some hearts of men that they may yearn toward them, and provide Thou them with fruits in order that they may be thankful.” (14:37)

00:06:22.029 --> 00:06:25.029
“Our Lord! Lo! I have settled some of my posterity in an uncultivable valley near unto Thy holy House, our Lord! that they may establish proper worship; so incline some hearts of men that they may yearn toward them, and provide Thou them with fruits in order that they may be thankful.” (14:37)

00:06:25.029 --> 00:06:29.029
Near Your Sacred House,

00:06:29.029 --> 00:06:37.699
Our Lord, that they may establish prayer.

00:06:37.699 --> 00:06:42.699
So make hearts among mankind

00:06:42.699 --> 00:06:45.699
Incline toward them

00:06:45.699 --> 00:06:56.879
And provide for them from the fruits

00:06:56.879 --> 00:07:00.879
That they may be grateful.

00:07:00.879 --> 00:07:10.180
“Our Lord! Lo! Thou knowest that which we hide and that which we proclaim. Nothing in the earth or in the heaven is hidden from Allah.” (14:38)

00:07:10.180 --> 00:07:16.439
“Our Lord! Lo! Thou knowest that which we hide and that which we proclaim. Nothing in the earth or in the heaven is hidden from Allah.” (14:38)

00:07:16.439 --> 00:07:20.439
In the earth or in the heaven.

00:07:20.439 --> 00:07:24.889
“Praise be to Allah Who hath given me, in my old age, Ishmael and Isaac! Lo! my Lord is indeed the Hearer of Prayer.” (14:39)

00:07:24.889 --> 00:07:31.889
“Praise be to Allah Who hath given me, in my old age, Ishmael and Isaac! Lo! my Lord is indeed the Hearer of Prayer.” (14:39)

00:07:31.889 --> 00:07:36.889
“Praise be to Allah Who hath given me, in my old age, Ishmael and Isaac! Lo! my Lord is indeed the Hearer of Prayer.” (14:39)

00:07:36.889 --> 00:07:40.180
My Lord, make me an establisher of prayer

00:07:40.180 --> 00:07:44.180
And [many] from my offspring.

00:07:44.180 --> 00:07:48.180
Our Lord, and accept my supplication.

00:07:48.180 --> 00:07:52.430
Our Lord, forgive me and my parents...﴾

00:07:52.430 --> 00:08:02.029
“Our Lord! Forgive me and my parents and believers on the day when the account is cast.” (14:41)

00:08:02.029 --> 00:08:08.810
Biography of Imam Ibn Dhakwān,

00:08:08.810 --> 00:08:14.899
The second narrator from Imam Ibn 'Āmir al-Shāmī.

00:08:14.899 --> 00:08:20.509
He is Abū 'Amr 'Abd Allāh ibn Aḥmad ibn Bashīr ibn Dhakwān,

00:08:20.509 --> 00:08:22.509
Al-Qurashī al-Dimashqī.

00:08:22.509 --> 00:08:25.769
He was born—may Allah have mercy on him—on the Day of 'Āshūrā',

00:08:26.769 --> 00:08:29.769
In the year 173 AH.

00:08:29.769 --> 00:08:32.769
He served as the Imam of the Umayyad Mosque,

00:08:32.769 --> 00:08:35.769
And leadership in the instruction of Qur'anic recitation devolved to him

00:08:35.769 --> 00:08:37.769
After Ayyūb ibn Tamīm.

00:08:37.769 --> 00:08:40.960
He recited to Ayyūb ibn Tamīm,

00:08:40.960 --> 00:08:43.960
Isḥāq ibn al-Musayyibī, and others.

00:08:43.960 --> 00:08:46.019
Al-Dhahabī said:

00:08:46.019 --> 00:08:50.019
"Ibn Dhakwān was far superior to Hishām in mastery of recitation,

00:08:50.019 --> 00:08:55.019
While Hishām was far broader in general scholarly knowledge than Ibn Dhakwān."

00:08:55.019 --> 00:08:58.309
Abū Zur'ah al-Dimashqī said:

00:08:58.309 --> 00:09:01.309
"There was no one in Iraq, nor in the Hijaz,

00:09:01.309 --> 00:09:04.309
Nor in the Levant, nor in Egypt,

00:09:04.309 --> 00:09:07.309
Nor in Khurasan in the time of Ibn Dhakwān

00:09:07.309 --> 00:09:09.309
Who was a master reciter in my view superior to him."

00:09:09.309 --> 00:09:11.700
A great number of students recited to him,

00:09:11.700 --> 00:09:14.700
Among them Aḥmad ibn Yūsuf al-Taghlibī,

00:09:14.700 --> 00:09:16.700
Muḥammad ibn Mūsā al-Ṣūrī,

00:09:16.700 --> 00:09:19.700
Hārūn ibn Sharīk al-Akhfash,

00:09:19.700 --> 00:09:22.700
Muḥammad ibn al-Qāsim al-Iskandarānī,

00:09:22.700 --> 00:09:24.700
And others.

00:09:24.700 --> 00:09:32.580
He passed away—may Allah have mercy on him—in the year 242 AH.

00:09:32.580 --> 00:09:37.970
A sample from the narration of Ibn Dhakwān from Ibn 'Āmir:

00:09:37.970 --> 00:09:42.129
"I seek refuge in Allah from Satan, the accursed."

00:09:42.129 --> 00:09:46.419
"In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful."

00:09:46.419 --> 00:09:51.419
﴿And [remember] when We assigned to Abraham the site of the House,

00:09:51.419 --> 00:09:57.419
[Saying], "Do not associate anything with Me and purify My House

00:09:57.419 --> 00:10:03.419
For those who perform tawaf and those who stand [in prayer]

00:10:03.419 --> 00:10:08.990
And those who bow and prostrate."

00:10:08.990 --> 00:10:12.990
“And proclaim unto mankind the pilgrimage. They will come unto thee on foot and on every lean camel; they will come from every deep ravine,” (22:27)

00:10:12.990 --> 00:10:15.990
They will come to you on foot

00:10:15.990 --> 00:10:18.990
And on every lean camel;

00:10:18.990 --> 00:10:27.659
“And proclaim unto mankind the pilgrimage. They will come unto thee on foot and on every lean camel; they will come from every deep ravine,” (22:27)

00:10:27.659 --> 00:10:30.659
That they may witness benefits for themselves

00:10:30.659 --> 00:10:37.659
And mention the name of Allah on known days

00:10:37.659 --> 00:10:45.659
Over what He has provided them of [sacrificial] animals.

00:10:45.659 --> 00:10:56.559
So eat of them and feed the miserable and poor.

00:10:56.559 --> 00:11:00.690
Then let them end their filth

00:11:00.690 --> 00:11:03.690
And fulfill their vows

00:11:03.690 --> 00:11:10.750
And perform tawaf around the Ancient House.

00:11:10.750 --> 00:11:12.750
That [is so].

00:11:12.750 --> 00:11:16.750
And whoever honors the sacred ordinances of Allah—

00:11:16.750 --> 00:11:23.620
“That (is the command). And whoso magnifieth the sacred things of Allah, it will be well for him in the sight of his Lord. The cattle are lawful unto you save that which hath been told you. So shun the filth of idols, and shun lying speech,” (22:30)

00:11:23.620 --> 00:11:26.620
And permitted to you are the grazing livestock,

00:11:26.620 --> 00:11:30.620
Except what is recited to you.

00:11:30.620 --> 00:11:34.740
“That (is the command). And whoso magnifieth the sacred things of Allah, it will be well for him in the sight of his Lord. The cattle are lawful unto you save that which hath been told you. So shun the filth of idols, and shun lying speech,” (22:30)

00:11:34.740 --> 00:11:40.700
And avoid false speech,

00:11:40.700 --> 00:11:46.700
“Turning unto Allah (only), not ascribing partners unto Him; for whoso ascribeth partners unto Allah, it is as if he had fallen from the sky and the birds had snatched him or the wind had blown him to a far-off place.” (22:31)

00:11:46.700 --> 00:11:49.860
And whoever associates others with Allah—

00:11:49.860 --> 00:11:55.860
“Turning unto Allah (only), not ascribing partners unto Him; for whoso ascribeth partners unto Allah, it is as if he had fallen from the sky and the birds had snatched him or the wind had blown him to a far-off place.” (22:31)

00:11:55.860 --> 00:11:58.860
The birds snatch him away

00:11:58.860 --> 00:12:07.409
“Turning unto Allah (only), not ascribing partners unto Him; for whoso ascribeth partners unto Allah, it is as if he had fallen from the sky and the birds had snatched him or the wind had blown him to a far-off place.” (22:31)

00:12:07.409 --> 00:12:14.409
Into a remote place.﴾

00:12:14.409 --> 00:12:27.980
May Allah reward on our behalf with all blessings those Imams

00:12:27.980 --> 00:12:33.980
Who transmitted the Qur'an to us pure, sweet, and flowing.