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A summary of the concepts held by the Ahl al-Sunnah.

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Partisanship and factionalism.

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Partisanship is the gathering of a group around a specific goal and a defined course of action.

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It involves homogeneity, cooperation, and organized work among its members.

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It is divided into commendable partisanship and blameworthy partisanship.

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Commendable partisanship is gathering for a work that Allah, the Almighty and Majestic, loves, such as worship, calling to the faith, jihad, or providing aid.

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It remains committed to the Qur'an and the Sunnah according to the understanding of the Companions.

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Its purpose is to seek the countenance of Allah, the Almighty and Majestic, and His Paradise, far removed from fanaticism toward the party and its members.

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Blameworthy partisanship is gathering for a specific work that contradicts what the Messenger, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, and his Companions were upon.

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Or, it may be in accordance with it, but the intent behind it is worldly gain and personal interests.

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A party in this state sees its members dominated by blameworthy fanaticism for the party and its people, basing their allegiance and disavowal upon it.

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Regarding these two types of parties, Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah, may Allah have mercy on him, says:

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"As for the head of a party, he is the leader of the faction that partisans itself—that is, becomes a party.

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If they are gathered upon what Allah and His Messenger, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, have commanded, without addition or omission,

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then they are believers who have the same rights and responsibilities as others.

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But if they have added to that or omitted from it—such as showing fanaticism for those who join their party, whether they are in the right or the wrong,

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and turning away from those who do not join their party, regardless of whether they are in the right or the wrong—

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then this is part of the division that Allah, the Exalted, and His Messenger, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, have condemned.

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For Allah and His Messenger, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, commanded unity and cohesion, and forbade division and disagreement.

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They commanded cooperation in righteousness and piety, and forbade cooperation in sin and transgression."