In the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
Conclusion from Al-Tabari’s interpretation
It was summarized by Dr. Aqeel bin Salem Al-Shammar
Surah Al-A'raf
In the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
Write good deeds for us in this world
And in the Hereafter, We have guided you to you
He said: My torment befalls whomever I wish
And My mercy encompasses everything
I will write it for those who fear
And they pay zakat
And those who believe in Our signs
And make us among those for whom good deeds are written in this world
And in the afterlife, he will be forgiven for his sins
We repent to you
God said to Moses
This is what afflicted your people with the tremor
My torment inflicts on whomever I wish of My creation
My mercy encompasses all of my creation
So I will write My mercy on the tablet on which the Torah was written
For people who fear God
They perform His duties and avoid sin
And they pay zakat
And for the people who believe and acknowledge our knowledge and evidence
Those who follow the Messenger, the illiterate Prophet
Which they find written
Which they find written in the Torah and the Gospel
He commands them to do good and forbids them to do evil
And good things are lawful for them
It is forbidden for them to hide
He removes their burden from them
And the shackles that were on them
Those who believed in him, honored him, and supported him
And follow the light that was sent down with him
Those are the successful ones
Those who follow the Messenger, the illiterate Prophet, who is Muhammad, may God bless him and grant him peace
Whose description, command, and prophecy they find written with them
This illiterate prophet commands his followers to do good
It is faith in God and the necessity of obeying Him in what He commands and prohibits
He forbids them from the evil, which is associating others with God
And good things are permissible for them, including Al-Bahair, Al-Sawaib, Al-Wasail, and Al-Haami
They are forbidden from eating pork and usury
And what they used to consider permissible in terms of restaurants and drinks
The illiterate prophet lays down the covenant that God had given to the children of Israel
From establishing the Torah and performing the severe deeds that it contains
Such as cutting off urine from the skin and prohibiting spoils
And other acts that were imposed on them
So it was abrogated by the ruling of the Qur’an
He removes from them the shackles that God placed on them in His saying
Their hands were tied
Those who believed in the illiterate Prophet
They revered him, venerated him, and protected him from the people
They helped him against the enemies of God and His enemies with their jihad
They followed the Qur’an and the Islam that was revealed with it
who do these actions
They are the successful ones who realize what they asked for and hoped for by doing so
Say, O people, that I am the Messenger of God to all of you, to whom belongs the kingdom of the heavens
To Him belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth
There is no god but Him who gives life and causes death
So they believed in God and His Messenger, the unlettered Prophet who believes in God
Who believes in God and His words
And follow him that you may be guided
Say, O Muhammad, to all people
I am the Messenger of God to all of you
He who has authority over the heavens and the earth and all that is in them
Managing and disposing of it
Deity and worship should be none other than Him
And He is capable, if He wills, of creating everything He wills, of reviving it, and of annihilating it if He wills
So they believed in the signs of God
And they believed in His Messenger Muhammad, may God bless him and grant him peace
The illiterate prophet who believes in God and His words
So, people, be guided by him and do what he commanded you
So that you may be guided and attain the truth by following it
And among the people of Moses were a nation who were guided by the truth and were just with it
Among the people of Moses were a group guided by the truth
So they stand up to it and work
In truth, they give and take
They are fair to themselves and are not unjust
And We divided them into twelve tribes and nations
And We revealed to Moses when his people asked him for water, “Strike the stone with your staff.”
Then twelve springs gushed from it
All people have known their drinking-place
And We misled them with clouds
And We sent down to them manna and quails
Eat of the good things We have provided for you
They did not wrong us, but they were wronging themselves
We divided the people of Moses
So We made them into twelve tribes
Asaba groups
And We revealed to Moses when We divided the Children of Israel and caused them to wander in the wilderness
So they gave Moses drink of thirst
Hit the stone with your stick
Then twelve springs of water poured out of the stone
Each of the people of the twelve tribes has known their drinking places
And we shaded them with clouds
They are protected from the heat and harm of the sun
And We sent down to them manna and quails as food for them
And we told them
Eat from what we have provided for you, people
They did not bring any deficiency in our kingdom or authority by asking what they asked
But they themselves were diminishing its status by replacing the lower with the good
And the meanest with the best
And when it was said to him, “Dwell in this town and eat from it wherever you wish.”
Eat from it wherever you want, say “hatta” and enter the door
And enter the gate prostrate, We will forgive you your sins
We will increase the benefactors
Also remember, O Muhammad, what a mistake these people did
When God told them
They lived in the village of Beit Al-Maqdis
So eat of its fruits, grains, and plants, if you grow from them
And say this act is a humiliation that erases our sins
We forgive you for your past sins
We will not take you for it
We will increase those who are obedient to God for the forgiveness of sins I promised you
Then those who were unjust among them substituted a length other than what they had been told, so We sent upon them a punishment from heaven because of their wrongdoing
Other than those who disbelieve in God among them are what God commanded them to say
They said wheat in a ritual
What they say is different from what they were told
So We sent upon them a punishment from heaven because they changed what they were commanded to do
They do contrary to what God commanded them to do
And they say something other than what God commanded them to say
And ask them about the town that was by the sea, when they transgressed on the Sabbath, when their whales came to them on the day of their Sabbath according to law, and on the day they did not observe the Sabbath, they did not come to them. Thus We tried them because they were defiantly disobedient.
O Muhammad, ask these Jews about the village that was near the sea
As they transgress the command of God on the Sabbath
And they go beyond it to what God has forbidden to them
When their whales come to them on the day of their Sabbath, during which they are away from work
A street visible on the water from every direction and side
And a day they do not venerate, they venerate the Sabbath
And on all days the whales do not come to them
As we described to you of the test and trial that we mentioned
We also test them by their immorality and their departure from obedience to God
And when a group of them said, “Why do you admonish me, God will destroy them.”
Or torture them severely
They said, “Excuse me to your Lord, and perhaps they will be righteous.”
And remember also, O Muhammad
When a group of them said to a group that was preaching to transgressors on the Sabbath
And forbid them from disobeying God in it
When you preach to a people, God will destroy them in this world because of their disobedience to Him
And they made permissible what was forbidden to them
Or He will punish them with a severe punishment in the Hereafter
Those who were forbidding them from disobeying God said
We advised them to apologize to your Lord
We fulfill what is obligatory upon us in enjoining good and forbidding evil
Perhaps they will fear God and fear Him
When they forgot what they had been reminded of, We saved those who forbid evil
And We seized those who did wrong with a miserable punishment because they were defiantly disobedient
When I left the sect that used to practice the Sabbath
What God commanded her to do was to abandon transgression
She lost what the preaching group preached to her and reminded her of
God saves those who forbid them from disobeying God
And We punished those who transgressed on the Sabbath with a severe and wretched punishment
Because they were violating God's command
They go from obeying him to disobeying him
When they disobeyed what they had forbidden, We said to them, “Be despicable apes.”
When they rebelled against what was forbidden from transgressing the Sabbath
And they made permissible what God had forbidden to them, such as catching and eating fish
We told them to be monkeys who are hostile to goodness
And when you decided, your Lord would surely resurrect them until the Day of Resurrection
Who inflicts upon them evil torment
Your Lord is swift in punishment, and He is Forgiving and Merciful
And remember, O Muhammad
When your Lord knew that they would send upon the Jews those who would inflict upon them an evil torment
Indeed, your Lord, O Muhammad, is quick to punish those who deserve punishment
Indeed, He is the One who pardons the sins of those who repent
Merciful to him is to punish him for his crime after he repents of it
And We divided them into nations in the land, some of them were righteous and some of them were less than that
We tested them with good deeds and evil deeds so that they might return
And We dispersed the Children of Israel into various groups in the land
Among these people are those who believe in God and His messengers, and some of them are less than righteous
We tested them with prosperity in living and abundance in livelihood
We tested them with hardship in their lives and calamities in their wealth
To return to obedience to their Lord, turn to it, and repent of His sins
After them, there was a successor who inherited the book
They take this lowest offer
They say we will be forgiven
If an offer like it comes to them, they will take it
Was not the covenant of the book taken from them?
Do not say anything about God except the truth
And they studied what was in it
The Hereafter is better for those who fear
Do you not understand?
So it changed after them instead of the bad that happened after them
They inherited the Book of God, so they taught it and neglected to act according to it
They bribe in the judgment of God and take bribes in it
Whoever offers this immediate and closer term than the furthest term
They say if they do that God will forgive us our sins
Haven't these bribers been held accountable for their rulings?
Covenants to establish the Torah and act according to it
That they say nothing about God except the truth
They do not add to it anything except what was revealed to His Messenger Moses, may God bless him and grant him peace
And they read what was in it
And what is in the Hereafter is what has been prepared for his guardians who preserve its borders
Good for those who fear punishment
Do these people not understand that what God has is in the Hereafter?
Better than this little offer that they rush about in this world
And those who hold the Book and establish prayer
We do not waste the reward of reformers
And those who work according to the Book of God
They performed prayer within its limits
Whoever does that is of my creation
I will not waste the reward for his good deeds
Conclusion from the interpretation of al-Tabar