Summary of Sunni concepts
The purpose of dividing sciences into legal and worldly
Science can only be divided into legal science and secular sciences
Sharia knowledge is knowledge of the Book that God has revealed to His Messenger, may God bless him and grant him peace
And the words, actions and declarations issued by the Messenger, may God bless him and grant him peace
Which reveals clear evidence and achieves monotheism, guidance, and distinction between truth and falsehood
It also achieves people's interests in this world and the hereafter and establishes authority over people
What is called servant science or machine science falls under forensic science
Such as linguistics, fundamentals, hadith terminology, and everything that serves the knowledge of the Qur’an and Sunnah
He explains their meanings and worldly sciences include everything that benefits people in their worldly lives
It contributes to development and prosperity, such as the sciences of medicine, engineering, physics, etc
All knowledge is a gift from God, and it is appropriate for every person with knowledge to know its source and thank God for it
And to spend it in what pleases God, if worldly knowledge is linked to piety and faith
It then falls under the praiseworthy knowledge that God and its people praise
God Almighty said, “Have you not seen that God sent down water from the sky and brought forth with it fruits of different colors?”
Among the mountains are new ones, white and red, of various colors, and crows with black, and of people, animals, and livestock, of various colors as well
He mentioned matters of worldly knowledge and then praised those who know them and benefit from them in his fear of God Almighty.
He said: Only those of His learned servants fear God. Indeed, God is Mighty, Forgiving
As for the knowledge that distances the heart from its Lord, it is corrupt knowledge that has strayed from its source and purpose
It does not produce true happiness for its owner or for people, but rather results in destruction and misery for humanity as a whole
The effects of atomic and hydrogen bombs and weapons of mass destruction are far from us
Most people prioritize the sciences of this world over the afterlife
When people glorified this world and preferred it over the afterlife, they presented worldly knowledge that preserved their bodies and livelihood
On the knowledge of the Sharia that preserves people’s hereafter and their world and heals their hearts
Even though worldly sciences charge them wages, Sharia knowledge comes to them for free
God Almighty said: When their messengers came to them with clear proofs, they rejoiced in the knowledge they had
And what they mocked befell them
The inability of knowledge to comprehend the matters of the unseen
Science and scholars must acknowledge the inability to comprehend matters hidden from them
This is not only with regard to the afterlife, heaven and hell
Rather, in everything that is considered hidden from them, even in their reality and livelihood, such as the soul, for example
God Almighty said, “And they ask you about the spirit.” Say, “The spirit is from the command of my Lord.”
And you have not been given knowledge except a little
Scientists must realize that the knowledge they have is not equal to the knowledge of God
Except as a bird takes it from the sea with its beak
The inability of science to comprehend some matters does not require their rejection
He rejected it outright
It also does not mean accepting it completely
Surrendering to every myth and running after every myth
Rather, knowledge and its people should mediate in this regard
And stop in the matter until he can, with his available means, realize what he may be unable to understand
Or he acknowledges that there is something in the matter beyond his ability and limits
And the unknown in this universe is taken into account
An example that illustrates this is that a person may see a vision in his dream
It will happen in the future as he saw it
Worldly science is unable to explain such things
The Sharia has attested to the validity of its occurrence
He, may God bless him and grant him peace, said
When time approaches, the believer's vision will hardly lie
The believer’s vision is one of the 46 parts of prophecy
Narrated by Al-Bukhari
An example that illustrates this is what is known as the phenomenon of telepathy
Where thoughts come between two people even though they are far away from each other
An example of this is what happened between Omar bin Al-Khattab, may God be pleased with him
The companion Sariya bin Zanaim Al-Dawali, may God be pleased with him
Where Omar, may God be pleased with him, was delivering the Friday sermon on the pulpit in Medina
At the same time, he fights Sariyah Al-Farasa in Nahavand
It occurred to Omar that Sariya was besieged by the Persians
His army is almost defeated
Omar called out loudly
Oh mountain mast, mountain
That is, fortified in the mountain
Next to Sariah and his army was a mountain
Sariya heard a voice calling out the same thing as Omar had said
So he fortified himself in the mountain and faced the Persians
He only stayed for an hour, then God granted him victory
Science is also unable to explain such things
It is considered one of the dignity of saints
It is one of the supernatural customs that God performs at the hands of some of His saints
To establish them in the truth and support it
The condition for the validity of the dignity is that it be from a guardian of God Almighty
Every pious believer is one of the saints of God Almighty
God Almighty said
Indeed, the friends of God have no fear nor do they grieve
Those who believed and were pious
Perhaps such telepathy or something else may occur
By influencing people's senses and thoughts
It is like magic and sorcery
And seeking help from the demons of the jinn
The Qur’an has proven both magic
And the supernatural things that the jinn do
I advise you on how to protect yourself from that
It is necessary to know before acting
Because work is the scale by which words and deeds are weighed
This is a basic rule in the approach of the Salaf
Al-Bukhari mentioned it in his Sahih in the Book of Knowledge
Chapter on knowledge before saying and doing
He cited the words of God Almighty as evidence
Know that there is no god but God
And ask forgiveness for your sin and for the believing men and women
Where God Almighty mentioned knowledge
He offered it to seek forgiveness, which is a deed
Knowledge is insight for the call
Who rushes to call to God without knowledge
He prays without insight and will not achieve his goal
Even if he claims sincerity in his calling
His call will not bear fruit
God Almighty said
Say: This is my path. I pray to God with insight
Me and those who follow me
Glory be to God, and I am not one of the polytheists
He stipulated insight, which is a requirement of knowledge
To follow the path of advocacy
Learning science does not interrupt work
Learning Islamic knowledge does not hinder work
Rather, learning itself is a necessary work to begin the path
He, may God bless him and grant him peace, said
Whoever follows a path seeking knowledge
May God make his path to Paradise easy for him
Narrated by Muslim
Knowledge requires action
The main purpose of forensic knowledge
It is working with what a person learns about his religion
This is an elevation from God to the possessor of knowledge
And his protection from Satan
As for the one who abandons work according to what he has learned
He puts Satan in charge of him
He follows his whims and descends below two banks
God Almighty said
And recite to them the news of the One to whom We have given Our signs
Then he slipped away from it, and Satan followed him
He was one of the deceivers
If we wished, we could raise it with it
But he went to earth
And follow his whims
The environment has an impact on the type of science and its features
The people of Hijaz
Because they were close to the gift of revelation
The events and facts were in them
Somewhat limited
The school of Ahl al-Hadith emerged among them
There were many commentators and hadith scholars among them
They were the kindest people
With the texts of revelation
And the effects of the Companions and Followers
Since Iraq was a country of differences and divisions
And I was plagued with rejection and saying fate
There was a lot of translation among them
About philosophers and theologians
There was a lot of mixing with non-Arabs
Many incidents resulted from this
When all this happened
The school of opinion emerged
There was a lot of measurement and diligence to judge
In the facts and catastrophes that occurred
In which there is no text
The Levant is a land of jihad and bondage
He became prominent among its people and scholars
Talking about epics and temptations
The environment also affects the world
It may have changed some of his opinions and judgments
Imam Al-Shafi’i has two schools of thought
One of them is in Iraq
The other is in Egypt