1
00:00:00,780 --> 00:00:09,779
Riyadh al-Salihin (The Meadows of the Righteous) from the words of the Master of the Messengers, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.

2
00:00:09,779 --> 00:00:17,719
Chapter: The Desirability of Supplication During Travel.

3
00:00:17,719 --> 00:00:20,719
On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:

4
00:00:20,719 --> 00:00:24,719
The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:

5
00:00:24,719 --> 00:00:29,719
"Three supplications are answered, there is no doubt about them:

6
00:00:29,719 --> 00:00:33,719
The supplication of the oppressed, the supplication of the traveler,

7
00:00:33,719 --> 00:00:36,719
and the supplication of a parent against their child."

8
00:00:36,719 --> 00:00:39,939
Recorded by Abu Dawud and al-Tirmidhi.

9
00:00:39,939 --> 00:00:43,579
From the benefits of the hadith:

10
00:00:43,579 --> 00:00:47,740
A warning against oppression, for its consequences are dire.

11
00:00:47,740 --> 00:00:52,740
The supplication of the oppressed is answered, even if they are a disbeliever.

12
00:00:52,740 --> 00:00:59,219
Encouragement for the traveler to supplicate, due to the response they receive.

13
00:00:59,219 --> 00:01:05,700
Encouragement for parents not to be hasty in supplicating against their children or their wealth.

14
00:01:05,700 --> 00:01:09,700
Rather, one should supplicate for them for goodness, success, and guidance.

15
00:01:09,700 --> 00:01:17,170
Chapter: What one should say when fearing a group of people or others.

16
00:01:17,170 --> 00:01:21,510
On the authority of Abu Musa al-Ash'ari, may Allah be pleased with him:

17
00:01:21,510 --> 00:01:24,510
That the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,

18
00:01:24,510 --> 00:01:28,510
when he feared a group of people, would say:

19
00:01:28,510 --> 00:01:31,510
"O Allah, we place You in their throats (to ward off their evil),

20
00:01:31,510 --> 00:01:34,510
and we seek refuge in You from their evils."

21
00:01:34,510 --> 00:01:37,579
Recorded by Abu Dawud and al-Nasa'i.

22
00:01:37,579 --> 00:01:41,310
From the benefits of the hadith:

23
00:01:41,310 --> 00:01:48,500
Protection from enemies and victory over them can only be achieved through the help and support of Allah.

24
00:01:48,500 --> 00:01:52,890
It is appropriate to seek refuge in Allah from the evil of enemies,

25
00:01:52,890 --> 00:01:55,890
and not to wish to encounter them.

26
00:01:55,890 --> 00:01:59,890
If a servant is afflicted, it is their duty to be patient.

27
00:01:59,890 --> 00:02:06,670
Chapter: What one should say when stopping at a place.

28
00:02:06,670 --> 00:02:11,919
On the authority of Khawlah bint Hakim, may Allah be pleased with her, who said:

29
00:02:11,919 --> 00:02:16,919
I heard the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, say:

30
00:02:16,919 --> 00:02:19,919
"Whoever stops at a place and then says:

31
00:02:19,919 --> 00:02:24,919
'I seek refuge in the perfect words of Allah from the evil of what He has created,'

32
00:02:24,919 --> 00:02:30,919
nothing will harm them until they depart from that place."

33
00:02:30,919 --> 00:02:33,050
Recorded by Muslim.

34
00:02:34,659 --> 00:02:36,659
From the benefits of the hadith:

35
00:02:36,659 --> 00:02:40,939
A servant should turn to Allah the Exalted,

36
00:02:40,939 --> 00:02:45,360
so that He may avert every evil from them during their stay.

37
00:02:45,360 --> 00:02:47,360
Turning to Allah the Exalted,

38
00:02:47,360 --> 00:02:51,360
and seeking refuge in His words from every evil,

39
00:02:51,360 --> 00:02:53,780
is a permissible act.

40
00:02:53,780 --> 00:02:59,780
This hadith is strong evidence that the speech of Allah the Exalted is not created,

41
00:02:59,780 --> 00:03:04,129
because it is not permissible to seek refuge in a created thing.

42
00:03:04,129 --> 00:03:07,129
Whoever says this supplication with certainty,

43
00:03:07,129 --> 00:03:12,129
no evil will approach them in that place until they depart.

44
00:03:12,129 --> 00:03:17,129
This is a response from Allah the Exalted to their turning to Him.

45
00:03:17,129 --> 00:03:22,310
And on the authority of Ibn 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said:

46
00:03:22,310 --> 00:03:28,310
When the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, traveled and night approached, he would say:

47
00:03:28,310 --> 00:03:32,310
"O earth, my Lord and your Lord is Allah.

48
00:03:32,310 --> 00:03:41,439
I seek refuge in Allah from your evil, the evil of what is within you, the evil of what was created within you, and the evil of what crawls upon you.

49
00:03:41,439 --> 00:03:47,439
I seek refuge in Allah from the evil of lions and black snakes, and from the viper and the scorpion,

50
00:03:47,439 --> 00:03:52,439
and from the inhabitants of the land, and from the parent and what they begot."

51
00:03:52,439 --> 00:03:54,569
Recorded by Abu Dawud.

52
00:03:54,569 --> 00:03:57,759
"The black ones" refers to people.

53
00:03:57,759 --> 00:04:04,759
Al-Khattabi said: "The inhabitants of the land" are the jinn who dwell on the earth.

54
00:04:04,759 --> 00:04:13,759
He said: "The land" refers to any part of the earth that serves as a shelter for living creatures, even if there are no buildings or dwellings there.

55
00:04:13,759 --> 00:04:21,759
He said: It is possible that "the parent" refers to Iblis, and "what they begot" refers to the devils.

56
00:04:21,759 --> 00:04:31,149
Chapter: The Desirability of a Traveler Hastening to Return to Their Family After Completing Their Need.

57
00:04:31,149 --> 00:04:35,370
On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him:

58
00:04:35,370 --> 00:04:40,370
That the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:

59
00:04:40,370 --> 00:04:43,370
"Travel is a piece of torment;

60
00:04:43,370 --> 00:04:47,370
it prevents one of you from their food, drink, and sleep.

61
00:04:47,370 --> 00:04:51,430
So when one of you has fulfilled their purpose from their travel,

62
00:04:51,430 --> 00:04:54,430
let them hasten to their family."

63
00:04:54,430 --> 00:04:56,430
Agreed upon.

64
00:04:56,430 --> 00:04:58,560
"Their purpose" (nuhmatahu):

65
00:04:58,560 --> 00:05:00,560
Their objective.

66
00:05:00,560 --> 00:05:05,170
"It prevents one of you from their food, drink, and sleep":

67
00:05:05,170 --> 00:05:09,170
Meaning, it prevents them from the completeness and enjoyment thereof.

68
00:05:10,060 --> 00:05:12,060
From the benefits of the hadith:

69
00:05:12,060 --> 00:05:16,319
The dislike of being away from family without a need.

70
00:05:16,319 --> 00:05:19,639
The desirability of hastening to return,

71
00:05:19,639 --> 00:05:23,639
especially for those who fear their family might be neglected in their absence.

72
00:05:23,639 --> 00:05:29,089
Staying at home provides rest that helps one in their religious and worldly affairs.

73
00:05:29,089 --> 00:05:36,129
Chapter: The Desirability of Arriving to One's Family During the Day.

74
00:05:36,129 --> 00:05:40,129
And the dislike of doing so at night without a need.

75
00:05:40,129 --> 00:05:44,339
On the authority of Jabir, may Allah be pleased with him:

76
00:05:44,339 --> 00:05:48,339
That the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:

77
00:05:48,339 --> 00:05:51,339
"If one of you has been away for a long time,

78
00:05:51,339 --> 00:05:54,339
let them not knock on their family's door at night."

79
00:05:54,339 --> 00:05:56,410
In another narration:

80
00:05:56,410 --> 00:05:59,410
That the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,

81
00:05:59,410 --> 00:06:03,410
forbade a man from knocking on his family's door at night.

82
00:06:03,410 --> 00:06:05,470
Agreed upon.

83
00:06:05,470 --> 00:06:08,139
"Let them not knock" (la yatruqan):

84
00:06:08,139 --> 00:06:12,139
Meaning, let none of you come to your family at night.

85
00:06:12,139 --> 00:06:15,139
Everyone who arrives at night is a "tariq" (night-visitor).

86
00:06:15,139 --> 00:06:18,660
From the benefits of the hadith:

87
00:06:18,660 --> 00:06:25,100
The dislike of approaching one's wife when she is not prepared,

88
00:06:25,100 --> 00:06:30,100
so that one does not see something that might cause aversion.

89
00:06:30,100 --> 00:06:33,100
This is derived from the reasoning provided for the prohibition,

90
00:06:33,100 --> 00:06:35,100
which is his saying:

91
00:06:35,100 --> 00:06:39,100
"So that the disheveled woman may comb her hair and the woman whose husband is away may remove her body hair."

92
00:06:39,100 --> 00:06:43,459
The prohibition against a traveler arriving to their family unexpectedly,

93
00:06:43,459 --> 00:06:47,459
without prior notification of their arrival.

94
00:06:47,459 --> 00:06:52,970
The desirability for a woman to adorn herself for her husband and prepare,

95
00:06:52,970 --> 00:06:56,970
so that affection and love may endure between them.

96
00:06:56,970 --> 00:07:04,350
A woman should be careful that her husband does not see anything from her that he dislikes.

97
00:07:04,350 --> 00:07:10,740
Encouragement to avoid situations that cause suspicion regarding a Muslim.

98
00:07:10,740 --> 00:07:14,889
And on the authority of Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:

99
00:07:14,889 --> 00:07:20,889
The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, would not knock on his family's door at night.

100
00:07:20,889 --> 00:07:26,949
He would come to them in the morning or in the evening. Agreed upon.

101
00:07:26,949 --> 00:07:31,750
"Al-Turuq" is arriving at night.

102
00:07:31,750 --> 00:07:34,910
"Al-Ghudwah" is the beginning of the day.

103
00:07:34,910 --> 00:07:38,939
"Al-'Ashiyyah" is the end of the day.

104
00:07:38,939 --> 00:07:41,680
From the benefits of the hadith:

105
00:07:41,680 --> 00:07:46,779
The prohibition against coming to one's family in a state of negligence or unexpectedly,

106
00:07:46,779 --> 00:07:49,779
especially at night.

107
00:07:49,779 --> 00:07:55,060
It is recommended for the traveler to return to their family during the day.

108
00:07:55,060 --> 00:08:03,009
Chapter: What one should say when returning and when seeing their town.

109
00:08:03,009 --> 00:08:06,740
This includes the aforementioned hadith of Ibn 'Umar,

110
00:08:06,740 --> 00:08:11,740
in the chapter on the traveler saying "Allahu Akbar" when ascending hills.

111
00:08:11,740 --> 00:08:15,959
And on the authority of Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:

112
00:08:15,959 --> 00:08:19,959
We returned with the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,

113
00:08:19,959 --> 00:08:23,959
until, when we were on the outskirts of Medina, he said:

114
00:08:23,959 --> 00:08:26,959
"We are returning, repenting, worshipping,

115
00:08:26,959 --> 00:08:29,959
and to our Lord, we are praising."

116
00:08:29,959 --> 00:08:34,990
He kept saying that until we arrived in Medina.

117
00:08:34,990 --> 00:08:37,149
Recorded by Muslim.

118
00:08:37,149 --> 00:08:40,889
From the benefits of the hadith:

119
00:08:40,889 --> 00:08:46,139
A Muslim should, upon seeing their town after Allah has brought them back safely,

120
00:08:46,139 --> 00:08:49,139
thank Him and mention His grace.

121
00:08:49,139 --> 00:08:53,139
And they should not forget Him upon seeing family and loved ones.

122
00:08:53,139 --> 00:08:58,429
Returning safely is a grace from Allah the Exalted upon His servants.

123
00:08:58,429 --> 00:09:04,820
Entering the town while seeking forgiveness for the sins the servant may have committed during their travel,

124
00:09:04,820 --> 00:09:08,820
so that they may enter their home purified of sins,

125
00:09:08,820 --> 00:09:11,820
and not cause their family misfortune due to their sins,

126
00:09:11,820 --> 00:09:14,820
because sins cause punishment.

127
00:09:14,820 --> 00:09:21,230
Emphasis on consistency in worship and complete submission to Allah the Exalted,

128
00:09:21,230 --> 00:09:24,230
because He is the One who bestows blessings upon us,

129
00:09:24,230 --> 00:09:28,230
and He alone is worthy of praise, none other.

130
00:09:28,230 --> 00:09:34,580
A servant should always recognize Allah in times of ease and hardship.

131
00:09:34,580 --> 00:09:38,580
And let the servant know that whoever recognizes Allah in times of ease,

132
00:09:38,580 --> 00:09:42,580
Allah will recognize them in times of hardship.

133
00:09:42,580 --> 00:09:50,460
Chapter: The Desirability of the Returning Traveler Starting with the Mosque in Their Neighborhood,

134
00:09:50,460 --> 00:09:53,460
and praying two rak'ahs in it.

135
00:09:53,460 --> 00:09:57,649
On the authority of Ka'b ibn Malik, may Allah be pleased with him:

136
00:09:57,649 --> 00:10:01,649
That the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,

137
00:10:01,649 --> 00:10:03,649
when he returned from a journey,

138
00:10:03,649 --> 00:10:07,649
would start with the mosque and pray two rak'ahs in it.

139
00:10:07,649 --> 00:10:09,740
Agreed upon.

140
00:10:09,740 --> 00:10:16,879
Chapter: The Prohibition of a Woman Traveling Alone.

141
00:10:16,879 --> 00:10:22,059
On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:

142
00:10:22,059 --> 00:10:26,059
The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:

143
00:10:26,059 --> 00:10:31,129
"It is not permissible for a woman who believes in Allah and the Last Day

144
00:10:31,129 --> 00:10:34,129
to travel for the distance of a day and a night

145
00:10:34,129 --> 00:10:37,129
except with a mahram (unmarriageable kin) accompanying her."

146
00:10:37,129 --> 00:10:39,159
Agreed upon.

147
00:10:39,159 --> 00:10:45,730
"Mahram" means someone whom it is not permissible for her to marry.

148
00:10:45,730 --> 00:10:49,690
From the benefits of the hadith:

149
00:10:49,690 --> 00:10:54,940
The clear prohibition against a woman traveling without a mahram.

150
00:10:54,940 --> 00:10:59,940
Various narrations have been reported regarding the definition of the distance.

151
00:10:59,940 --> 00:11:02,940
In one narration, it is "more than three days."

152
00:11:02,940 --> 00:11:05,940
In another, "two days."

153
00:11:05,940 --> 00:11:08,940
In a third, "a journey of a day."

154
00:11:08,940 --> 00:11:12,940
In one narration, "a journey of a day and a night."

155
00:11:12,940 --> 00:11:16,940
In one narration, "do not travel for a barid (a specific distance)."

156
00:11:17,039 --> 00:11:20,039
These narrations differ due to the different questioners

157
00:11:20,039 --> 00:11:22,039
and the different circumstances.

158
00:11:22,039 --> 00:11:25,039
There is no contradiction or conflict between them.

159
00:11:25,039 --> 00:11:29,070
The conclusion is that whatever is considered travel,

160
00:11:29,070 --> 00:11:33,070
a woman is prohibited from it without a husband or a mahram.

161
00:11:33,070 --> 00:11:37,490
Some scholars excepted the travel for Hajj,

162
00:11:37,490 --> 00:11:41,870
but this is a weak exception with no evidence to support it.

163
00:11:41,870 --> 00:11:45,870
It is not permissible for two women to travel without a husband or a mahram,

164
00:11:45,870 --> 00:11:50,870
except for one who is fleeing with her religion from the land of disbelief to the land of Islam.

165
00:11:50,870 --> 00:11:56,220
The mahram is the one who is permitted to look at her and be in seclusion with her,

166
00:11:56,220 --> 00:12:00,220
and he is the one whom it is permanently forbidden for her to marry,

167
00:12:00,220 --> 00:12:03,220
due to a permissible reason for her sanctity.

168
00:12:03,220 --> 00:12:07,669
Among the reprehensible innovations and disgusting acts

169
00:12:07,669 --> 00:12:10,669
known to some ignorant commoners,

170
00:12:10,669 --> 00:12:13,669
those who cast aside the law of Islam,

171
00:12:13,669 --> 00:12:19,669
and those who abandon following the Master of Mankind, upon him be the best of prayers and most perfect peace,

172
00:12:19,669 --> 00:12:24,669
is the fraternizing of unrelated women and being in seclusion with them.

173
00:12:24,669 --> 00:12:29,700
And on the authority of Ibn 'Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both:

174
00:12:29,700 --> 00:12:34,700
That he heard the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, say:

175
00:12:34,700 --> 00:12:39,789
"No man should be in seclusion with a woman unless there is a mahram with her,

176
00:12:39,789 --> 00:12:44,789
and a woman should not travel except with a mahram."

177
00:12:44,789 --> 00:12:46,860
A man said to him:

178
00:12:46,860 --> 00:12:48,860
"O Messenger of Allah,

179
00:12:48,860 --> 00:12:51,860
my wife has gone out for Hajj,

180
00:12:51,860 --> 00:12:55,919
and you have written me down for such-and-such battle."

181
00:12:55,919 --> 00:12:59,919
He said: "Go and perform Hajj with your wife."

182
00:12:59,919 --> 00:13:04,169
Agreed upon.

183
00:13:04,169 --> 00:13:06,169
From the benefits of the hadith:

184
00:13:06,169 --> 00:13:10,490
A declaration of the prohibition of being in seclusion with an unrelated woman,

185
00:13:10,490 --> 00:13:14,970
due to the corruption that results from that.

186
00:13:14,970 --> 00:13:19,970
Seclusion with an unrelated woman is negated by the presence of a mahram or husband.

187
00:13:19,970 --> 00:13:26,450
If a woman goes out for Hajj while the road is safe, even without a mahram,

188
00:13:26,450 --> 00:13:30,450
it is obligatory for her mahram or husband to join her,

189
00:13:30,450 --> 00:13:33,450
and to fulfill his religious duty.

190
00:13:33,450 --> 00:13:37,450
This is explicit in refuting the exception made by some scholars

191
00:13:37,450 --> 00:13:40,450
regarding the permissibility of a woman performing Hajj without a mahram,

192
00:13:40,450 --> 00:13:45,669
even if the road is safe or she is in the company of trustworthy women.

193
00:13:45,669 --> 00:13:48,669
It is permissible for the leader to grant permission to whomever he wishes

194
00:13:48,669 --> 00:13:50,669
to stay behind from the battle,

195
00:13:50,669 --> 00:13:54,769
if there is a benefit that necessitates it.

196
00:13:54,769 --> 00:13:58,769
Riyadh al-Salihin.