WEBVTT 00:00:00.020 --> 00:00:03.740 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:03.740 --> 00:00:13.220 Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. 00:00:13.220 --> 00:00:17.739 A Concise Summary of the Prophetic biography (Seerah). 00:00:17.739 --> 00:00:22.929 Authored by Sheikh Musa bin Rashid al-Azimi. 00:00:23.089 --> 00:00:25.089 May Allah preserve him. 00:00:25.089 --> 00:00:32.409 The Expedition of Banu Sulaym. 00:00:32.409 --> 00:00:36.409 When the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, arrived in Medina, 00:00:36.409 --> 00:00:38.409 returning from Badr, 00:00:38.409 --> 00:00:42.409 he had finished that campaign at the end of the month of Ramadan. 00:00:42.409 --> 00:00:45.409 He stayed there for only seven nights 00:00:45.409 --> 00:00:48.409 before setting out himself to confront the Banu Sulaym. 00:00:48.409 --> 00:00:51.409 He reached one of their watering holes, 00:00:51.409 --> 00:00:53.409 known as al-Kudr. 00:00:53.409 --> 00:00:56.409 He remained there for three nights, 00:00:56.409 --> 00:00:58.409 then returned to Medina, 00:00:58.409 --> 00:01:00.409 without encountering any resistance. 00:01:00.409 --> 00:01:05.489 The Expedition of Banu Qaynuqa'. 00:01:05.489 --> 00:01:07.840 Ibn Ishaq said: 00:01:07.840 --> 00:01:10.840 'Asim bin 'Umar bin Qatadah narrated to me 00:01:10.840 --> 00:01:12.840 that the Banu Qaynuqa' 00:01:12.840 --> 00:01:18.840 were the first of the Jews to break the covenant between them and the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 00:01:18.840 --> 00:01:22.840 and they waged war between the battles of Badr and Uhud. 00:01:22.840 --> 00:01:25.840 When the Jews of Banu Qaynuqa' saw 00:01:25.840 --> 00:01:29.840 that Allah, glory be to Him, had granted His Messenger, peace be upon him, 00:01:29.840 --> 00:01:33.840 and the believers a resounding victory on the field of Badr, 00:01:34.840 --> 00:01:40.840 and that they had gained honor, power, and awe in the hearts of both near and far, 00:01:40.840 --> 00:01:42.840 their rage became apparent. 00:01:42.840 --> 00:01:44.840 They openly displayed hostility and malice, 00:01:44.840 --> 00:01:47.840 and made their transgression and harm manifest. 00:01:47.840 --> 00:01:49.840 The Hafiz said in al-Fath: 00:01:49.840 --> 00:01:52.840 They were the first of the Jews to break the covenant, 00:01:52.840 --> 00:01:54.840 the Banu Qaynuqa'. 00:01:54.840 --> 00:01:59.030 He fought them in Shawwal after the Battle of Badr. 00:01:59.030 --> 00:02:01.030 Abu Dawud narrated in his Sunan, 00:02:01.030 --> 00:02:05.030 and Ibn Ishaq in the Seerah, with a chain of narration (isnad) that is sound (hasan) due to supporting evidence, 00:02:05.030 --> 00:02:07.030 and the wording is that of Abu Dawud: 00:02:07.030 --> 00:02:11.030 On the authority of Ibn 'Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said: 00:02:11.030 --> 00:02:16.030 When the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, defeated the Quraysh on the day of Badr 00:02:16.030 --> 00:02:18.030 and arrived in Medina, 00:02:18.030 --> 00:02:21.030 he gathered the Jews in the marketplace of Banu Qaynuqa'. 00:02:21.030 --> 00:02:22.030 He said: 00:02:22.030 --> 00:02:24.030 "O assembly of Jews, 00:02:24.030 --> 00:02:29.030 embrace Islam before you are struck by what struck the Quraysh." 00:02:29.030 --> 00:02:30.030 They replied: 00:02:30.030 --> 00:02:32.030 "O Muhammad, 00:02:32.030 --> 00:02:36.030 do not be deceived by yourself just because you killed a group of Quraysh; 00:02:36.030 --> 00:02:40.030 they were inexperienced and did not know how to fight. 00:02:40.030 --> 00:02:42.030 If you were to fight us, 00:02:42.030 --> 00:02:44.030 you would realize that we are the real men, 00:02:44.030 --> 00:02:47.030 and that you have never encountered the likes of us." 00:02:47.030 --> 00:02:49.030 Allah then revealed regarding this: 00:02:49.030 --> 00:02:52.030 “Say (O Muhammad) unto those who disbelieve: Ye shall be overcome and gathered unto Hell, an evil resting-place.” (3:12) 00:02:52.030 --> 00:02:54.030 up to His saying, the Exalted: 00:02:54.030 --> 00:02:57.030 “There was a token for you in two hosts which met: one army fighting in the way of Allah, and another disbelieving, whom they saw as twice their number, clearly, with their very eyes. Thus Allah strengtheneth with His succour whom He will. Lo! herein verily is a lesson for those who have eyes.” (3:13) 00:02:58.030 --> 00:02:59.030 "at Badr," 00:02:59.030 --> 00:03:01.030 "and another [party] of disbelievers." 00:03:01.030 --> 00:03:06.080 The Siege of Banu Qaynuqa'. 00:03:06.080 --> 00:03:08.080 Then their expulsion. 00:03:08.080 --> 00:03:14.530 When the Banu Qaynuqa' broke the covenant with the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 00:03:14.530 --> 00:03:18.530 the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, marched out against them, 00:03:18.530 --> 00:03:21.530 and appointed Abu Lubabah, 00:03:21.530 --> 00:03:25.530 Bashir bin 'Abd al-Mundhir, may Allah be pleased with him, as his deputy over Medina. 00:03:25.530 --> 00:03:30.530 He entrusted the banner of the Muslims to Hamzah bin 'Abd al-Muttalib, may Allah be pleased with him. 00:03:30.530 --> 00:03:33.530 He besieged them for fifteen nights, 00:03:33.530 --> 00:03:37.530 until Allah cast terror into their hearts. 00:03:37.530 --> 00:03:41.530 They surrendered to the judgment of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him. 00:03:41.530 --> 00:03:45.530 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, gave orders regarding them, 00:03:45.530 --> 00:03:47.530 and they were bound. 00:03:47.530 --> 00:03:50.530 Then 'Abdullah bin Ubayy bin Salul stood up 00:03:50.530 --> 00:03:55.530 and spoke to the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, on their behalf, pressing him repeatedly, 00:03:55.530 --> 00:03:57.530 because they were his allies. 00:03:57.530 --> 00:03:59.530 So he granted them to him. 00:03:59.530 --> 00:04:04.530 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, ordered that they be expelled from Medina 00:04:04.530 --> 00:04:06.530 and that they should not dwell near him there. 00:04:06.530 --> 00:04:09.530 They departed for Adhri'at in the Levant. 00:04:09.530 --> 00:04:12.620 The two Sheikhs (al-Bukhari and Muslim) narrated in their Sahih collections 00:04:12.620 --> 00:04:15.620 on the authority of Ibn 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said: 00:04:15.620 --> 00:04:18.620 The Jews of Banu al-Nadir and Banu Qurayzah 00:04:18.620 --> 00:04:22.620 waged war against the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him. 00:04:22.620 --> 00:04:27.620 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, expelled the Banu al-Nadir, 00:04:27.620 --> 00:04:30.620 and spared the Banu Qurayzah, showing them favor, 00:04:30.620 --> 00:04:33.620 until the Banu Qurayzah fought after that. 00:04:33.620 --> 00:04:35.620 Then their men were killed, 00:04:35.620 --> 00:04:40.620 and their women, children, and wealth were divided among the Muslims, 00:04:40.620 --> 00:04:45.620 except for some who joined the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 00:04:45.620 --> 00:04:47.620 so he granted them safety and they embraced Islam. 00:04:47.620 --> 00:04:53.620 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, expelled all the Jews of Medina: 00:04:53.620 --> 00:04:57.620 the Banu Qaynuqa', who were the people of 'Abdullah bin Salam, 00:04:57.620 --> 00:05:05.540 the Jews of Banu Harithah, and every Jew who was in Medina. 00:05:05.540 --> 00:05:10.540 The Expedition of al-Sawiq (The Barley Meal) or Qarqarat al-Kudr. 00:05:10.540 --> 00:05:17.930 The Expedition of al-Sawiq took place in the month of Dhu al-Hijjah in the second year of the Hijrah. 00:05:17.930 --> 00:05:22.930 Al-Sawiq is a food made from ground wheat and barley. 00:05:22.930 --> 00:05:25.930 It was named as such because it is easily swallowed. 00:05:25.930 --> 00:05:28.990 Ibn Hisham said in the Seerah: 00:05:28.990 --> 00:05:33.990 It was called the Expedition of al-Sawiq, according to what Abu 'Ubaydah narrated to me, 00:05:33.990 --> 00:05:38.990 because the most common thing the people threw away from their provisions was al-Sawiq. 00:05:38.990 --> 00:05:41.990 The Muslims came upon a large amount of al-Sawiq, 00:05:41.990 --> 00:05:44.990 so it was called the Expedition of al-Sawiq. 00:05:44.990 --> 00:05:47.990 Al-Qarqar is flat land. 00:05:47.990 --> 00:05:50.990 Al-Kudr is a watering hole belonging to the Banu Sulaym. 00:05:56.550 --> 00:06:00.550 When the remnants of the polytheists returned from Badr, burning with vengeance, 00:06:00.550 --> 00:06:02.550 Abu Sufyan vowed 00:06:02.550 --> 00:06:05.550 that no water would touch his head for the purpose of ritual purification (janabah) 00:06:05.550 --> 00:06:09.550 until he had fought Muhammad, peace be upon him. 00:06:09.550 --> 00:06:13.550 He set out with two hundred riders from the Quraysh, 00:06:13.550 --> 00:06:16.550 until he reached the Banu al-Nadir under the cover of night. 00:06:16.550 --> 00:06:21.550 He spent one night with Sallam bin Mishkam, the Jew, 00:06:21.550 --> 00:06:23.550 who gave him wine to drink, 00:06:23.550 --> 00:06:25.550 and confided in him the news of the people, 00:06:25.550 --> 00:06:28.550 meaning he informed him of their situation. 00:06:28.550 --> 00:06:32.550 Then he left at the end of the night until he reached his companions. 00:06:32.550 --> 00:06:34.550 He sent men from the Quraysh, 00:06:34.550 --> 00:06:37.550 and they came to a part of Medina 00:06:37.550 --> 00:06:39.550 called al-'Arid. 00:06:39.550 --> 00:06:42.550 They set fire to some palm trees there. 00:06:43.550 --> 00:06:47.550 They found a man from the Ansar and an ally of his, 00:06:47.550 --> 00:06:49.550 and killed them. 00:06:49.550 --> 00:06:51.550 Then they turned back and retreated. 00:06:51.550 --> 00:06:59.980 The departure of the Prophet, peace be upon him, in pursuit of them. 00:06:59.980 --> 00:07:03.980 When this reached the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 00:07:03.980 --> 00:07:05.980 he called his companions to arms, 00:07:05.980 --> 00:07:09.980 and set out with two hundred men from the Muhajirun and the Ansar 00:07:09.980 --> 00:07:12.980 in their tracks, pursuing them. 00:07:12.980 --> 00:07:16.980 Abu Sufyan and his companions began to lighten their load, 00:07:16.980 --> 00:07:18.980 casting away their bags of al-Sawiq, 00:07:18.980 --> 00:07:21.980 which were the bulk of their provisions. 00:07:21.980 --> 00:07:24.980 The Muslims began to collect them, 00:07:24.980 --> 00:07:26.980 and thus it was called the Expedition of al-Sawiq. 00:07:26.980 --> 00:07:31.980 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, reached Qarqarat al-Kudr, 00:07:31.980 --> 00:07:34.980 but did not catch up with Abu Sufyan. 00:07:34.980 --> 00:07:39.980 Then the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, returned to Medina. 00:07:39.980 --> 00:07:42.980 He had been away for five days. 00:07:42.980 --> 00:07:48.779 A Concise Summary of the Prophetic biography (Seerah). 00:07:48.779 --> 00:07:55.100 The longing of the worlds for some of them has grown, 00:07:55.100 --> 00:08:02.680 for the longing towards you has no limit. 00:08:02.680 --> 00:08:09.100 May Allah send blessings upon you as long as the call to prayer is raised, 00:08:09.100 --> 00:08:16.829 and lips move with the remainder.