1
00:00:00,850 --> 00:00:04,799
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

2
00:00:04,799 --> 00:00:06,799
The life of the salaf.

3
00:00:06,799 --> 00:00:11,650
Between speech and action.

4
00:00:11,650 --> 00:00:14,650
The state of the salaf regarding the Qur'an and its instruction.

5
00:00:14,650 --> 00:00:17,149
And its impact upon them.

6
00:00:17,149 --> 00:00:20,359
Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, used to—

7
00:00:20,359 --> 00:00:22,859
whenever Abu Musa sat with him—

8
00:00:22,859 --> 00:00:24,859
often say to him:

9
00:00:24,859 --> 00:00:27,859
"Remind us, O Abu Musa."

10
00:00:27,859 --> 00:00:29,679
So he would recite.

11
00:00:29,679 --> 00:00:32,179
And from Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him:

12
00:00:32,179 --> 00:00:33,679
He said:

13
00:00:33,679 --> 00:00:36,679
'Uyaynah ibn Hisn ibn Hudhayfah arrived,

14
00:00:36,679 --> 00:00:40,179
and he stayed with his nephew, al-Hurr ibn Qays.

15
00:00:40,179 --> 00:00:45,179
He was among those whom Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, used to bring close to him.

16
00:00:45,179 --> 00:00:50,179
The reciters (Qurra') were the members of Umar's councils and his consultants,

17
00:00:50,179 --> 00:00:53,210
whether they were mature men or youths.

18
00:00:53,210 --> 00:00:55,710
'Uyaynah said to his nephew:

19
00:00:55,710 --> 00:00:57,210
"O my nephew,

20
00:00:57,210 --> 00:01:00,210
do you have influence with this leader?

21
00:01:00,210 --> 00:01:02,210
Seek permission for me to see him."

22
00:01:02,210 --> 00:01:03,710
He said:

23
00:01:03,710 --> 00:01:05,739
"I will seek permission for you."

24
00:01:05,739 --> 00:01:07,739
Ibn Abbas said:

25
00:01:07,739 --> 00:01:10,239
So al-Hurr sought permission for 'Uyaynah,

26
00:01:10,239 --> 00:01:12,239
and Umar granted it.

27
00:01:12,239 --> 00:01:14,739
When he entered upon him, he said:

28
00:01:14,739 --> 00:01:17,239
"O Ibn al-Khattab,

29
00:01:17,239 --> 00:01:19,739
by Allah, you do not give us much,

30
00:01:19,739 --> 00:01:22,739
nor do you judge between us with justice."

31
00:01:22,739 --> 00:01:24,299
Umar became angry,

32
00:01:24,299 --> 00:01:26,799
to the point that he intended to strike him.

33
00:01:26,799 --> 00:01:28,799
Al-Hurr said to him:

34
00:01:28,799 --> 00:01:30,799
"O Commander of the Faithful,

35
00:01:30,799 --> 00:01:35,799
Allah the Exalted said to His Prophet, peace be upon him:

36
00:01:35,799 --> 00:01:38,799
﴿Take what is given freely, enjoin what is good,﴾

37
00:01:38,799 --> 00:01:41,299
﴿and turn away from the ignorant.﴾

38
00:01:41,299 --> 00:01:44,500
And this man is one of the ignorant."

39
00:01:44,500 --> 00:01:49,000
By Allah, Umar did not go beyond this verse when he recited it to him;

40
00:01:49,000 --> 00:01:52,500
he was one who would stop at the Book of Allah.

41
00:01:53,040 --> 00:01:55,540
Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, met

42
00:01:55,540 --> 00:01:58,540
Nafi' ibn 'Abd al-Harith at 'Usfan,

43
00:01:58,540 --> 00:02:02,040
and Umar had appointed him over Makkah.

44
00:02:02,040 --> 00:02:06,040
He asked, "Whom have you appointed over the people of the valley?"

45
00:02:06,040 --> 00:02:09,039
He replied, "Ibn Abza."

46
00:02:09,039 --> 00:02:12,039
He asked, "And who is Ibn Abza?"

47
00:02:12,039 --> 00:02:16,069
He said, "One of our freed slaves."

48
00:02:16,069 --> 00:02:20,069
He said, "You have appointed a freed slave over them?"

49
00:02:20,069 --> 00:02:25,069
He replied, "He is a reciter of the Book of Allah the Almighty,

50
00:02:25,069 --> 00:02:28,169
and he is knowledgeable about the laws of inheritance."

51
00:02:28,169 --> 00:02:29,669
Umar said:

52
00:02:29,669 --> 00:02:34,669
"Indeed, your Prophet, peace be upon him, said:

53
00:02:34,669 --> 00:02:38,169
'Verily, Allah raises some people by this Book,

54
00:02:38,169 --> 00:02:41,150
and lowers others by it.'"

55
00:02:41,150 --> 00:02:45,680
And from Abdullah ibn Mas'ud, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:

56
00:02:45,680 --> 00:02:49,680
"The bearer of the Qur'an should be known by his night

57
00:02:49,680 --> 00:02:51,680
when people are sleeping,

58
00:02:51,680 --> 00:02:55,180
and by his day when people are breaking their fast,

59
00:02:55,180 --> 00:02:58,180
and by his sadness when people are joyful,

60
00:02:58,180 --> 00:03:01,680
and by his weeping when people are laughing,

61
00:03:01,680 --> 00:03:05,180
and by his silence when people are gossiping,

62
00:03:05,180 --> 00:03:09,310
and by his humility when people are arrogant."

63
00:03:09,310 --> 00:03:11,810
"It is fitting for the bearer of the Qur'an

64
00:03:11,810 --> 00:03:14,810
to be weeping, sorrowful,

65
00:03:14,810 --> 00:03:18,310
forbearing, wise, and quiet.

66
00:03:18,310 --> 00:03:23,810
It is not fitting for the bearer of the Qur'an to be harsh, heedless,

67
00:03:24,310 --> 00:03:29,030
nor clamorous, loud-mouthed, or hot-tempered."

68
00:03:29,030 --> 00:03:32,030
He also said, may Allah be pleased with him:

69
00:03:32,030 --> 00:03:34,530
"These hearts are vessels,

70
00:03:34,530 --> 00:03:37,030
so occupy them with the Qur'an,

71
00:03:37,030 --> 00:03:39,629
and do not occupy them with anything else."

72
00:03:39,629 --> 00:03:42,129
He also said, may Allah be pleased with him:

73
00:03:42,129 --> 00:03:46,129
"If you desire knowledge, then stir up the Qur'an,

74
00:03:46,129 --> 00:03:50,259
for in it is the knowledge of the first and the last."

75
00:03:50,259 --> 00:03:52,259
A man said to him:

76
00:03:52,259 --> 00:03:55,259
"I recite the Mufassal (surahs) in one rak'ah."

77
00:03:55,259 --> 00:03:59,289
He said to him, "Like the reciting of poetry?

78
00:03:59,289 --> 00:04:04,289
There are people who recite the Qur'an, but it does not pass their throats;

79
00:04:04,289 --> 00:04:09,740
but if it settles in the heart and takes root, it brings benefit."

80
00:04:09,740 --> 00:04:13,770
And from Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them, who said:

81
00:04:13,770 --> 00:04:16,769
"That I recite Surah al-Baqarah and chant it (with tartil)

82
00:04:16,769 --> 00:04:21,779
is more beloved to me than reciting the entire Qur'an."

83
00:04:21,779 --> 00:04:25,779
And from Abu 'Abd al-Rahman al-Sulami, may Allah have mercy on him, who said:

84
00:04:25,779 --> 00:04:29,779
"We learned the Qur'an from a people who informed us

85
00:04:29,779 --> 00:04:32,779
that when they learned ten verses,

86
00:04:32,779 --> 00:04:35,779
they would not move on to the next ten

87
00:04:35,779 --> 00:04:38,779
until they learned what was in them.

88
00:04:38,779 --> 00:04:42,779
So we learned the Qur'an and how to act upon it.

89
00:04:42,779 --> 00:04:45,910
And after us, a people will inherit the Qur'an

90
00:04:45,910 --> 00:04:47,910
who will drink it down like water,

91
00:04:47,910 --> 00:04:50,910
but it will not pass their throats."

92
00:04:50,910 --> 00:04:56,069
He, may Allah have mercy on him, recited the Qur'an in the mosque for forty years.

93
00:04:56,069 --> 00:04:58,519
Some of the salaf said:

94
00:04:58,519 --> 00:05:01,519
"Whoever wishes to know who he is,

95
00:05:01,519 --> 00:05:04,519
let him present himself to the Qur'an."

96
00:05:04,519 --> 00:05:09,800
Nafi' ibn Abi Nu'aym al-Muqri', may Allah have mercy on him, said:

97
00:05:09,800 --> 00:05:12,839
"This Qur'an is magnificent;

98
00:05:12,839 --> 00:05:14,839
it came from the Magnificent.

99
00:05:14,839 --> 00:05:16,839
So when you recite it,

100
00:05:16,839 --> 00:05:18,839
do not be occupied with anything else,

101
00:05:19,839 --> 00:05:21,839
and consider whom you are addressing."

102
00:05:21,839 --> 00:05:25,350
Ibn Kathir al-Muqri', may Allah have mercy on him, used to—

103
00:05:25,350 --> 00:05:28,350
when his students wanted to recite—

104
00:05:28,350 --> 00:05:30,350
gather them and exhort them,

105
00:05:30,350 --> 00:05:32,350
and say:

106
00:05:32,350 --> 00:05:34,350
"I only do this

107
00:05:34,350 --> 00:05:37,350
so that you may approach the recitation of the Qur'an

108
00:05:37,350 --> 00:05:39,350
with humble hearts,

109
00:05:39,350 --> 00:05:41,350
submissive souls,

110
00:05:41,350 --> 00:05:43,350
and tearful eyes."

111
00:05:43,350 --> 00:05:46,829
When Abdullah ibn Idris

112
00:05:46,829 --> 00:05:48,829
al-Muqri', may Allah have mercy on him, was dying,

113
00:05:48,829 --> 00:05:50,829
his daughter wept.

114
00:05:50,829 --> 00:05:53,829
He said to her, "Do not weep,

115
00:05:53,829 --> 00:05:56,829
for I have completed the Qur'an in this house

116
00:05:56,829 --> 00:05:58,829
four thousand times."

117
00:05:58,829 --> 00:06:03,079
Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal, may Allah have mercy on him, said:

118
00:06:03,079 --> 00:06:08,079
"It is grievous to me that the world should consume the hearts of men

119
00:06:08,079 --> 00:06:10,079
while the Qur'an is in their chests."

120
00:06:10,079 --> 00:06:15,310
And the Qadi Abdullah ibn Talib, may Allah have mercy on him, said:

121
00:06:15,310 --> 00:06:19,310
"True honor belongs to the one who possesses the Qur'an and knowledge;

122
00:06:19,310 --> 00:06:21,310
this is the honorable one.

123
00:06:21,310 --> 00:06:24,310
As for the one who possesses the honor of authority,

124
00:06:24,310 --> 00:06:27,790
he is not truly honorable."

125
00:06:27,790 --> 00:06:30,790
Al-Fadl al-Raqashi, may Allah have mercy on him, said:

126
00:06:30,790 --> 00:06:32,790
"The worshippers have not found pleasure,

127
00:06:32,790 --> 00:06:35,790
and their hearts have not taken flight for anything,

128
00:06:35,790 --> 00:06:38,790
like the beauty of a voice reciting the Qur'an.

129
00:06:38,790 --> 00:06:42,790
And every heart that does not respond to the beauty of a voice reciting the Qur'an

130
00:06:42,790 --> 00:06:45,790
is a dead heart."

131
00:06:45,790 --> 00:06:47,790
Al-Fadl also said:

132
00:06:47,790 --> 00:06:50,790
"And what eye does not shed tears at a beautiful voice,

133
00:06:50,790 --> 00:06:55,399
except the eye of one who is heedless or distracted?"

134
00:06:55,399 --> 00:06:58,399
Iyas ibn Mu'awiyah, may Allah have mercy on him, said:

135
00:06:58,399 --> 00:07:01,490
"The likeness of those who recite the Qur'an

136
00:07:01,490 --> 00:07:04,490
while not knowing its Tafsir

137
00:07:04,490 --> 00:07:08,490
is like a people to whom a letter from their king came at night,

138
00:07:08,490 --> 00:07:11,589
and they had no lamp,

139
00:07:11,589 --> 00:07:14,589
so they were filled with awe,

140
00:07:14,589 --> 00:07:17,680
yet they did not know what was in the letter.

141
00:07:17,680 --> 00:07:20,680
And the likeness of one who knows the Tafsir

142
00:07:20,680 --> 00:07:23,680
is like a man who brought them a lamp,

143
00:07:23,680 --> 00:07:27,230
so they read what was in the letter."

144
00:07:27,230 --> 00:07:30,230
And from al-Sha'bi, may Allah have mercy on him, who said:

145
00:07:30,230 --> 00:07:33,769
"Whoever recites the Qur'an will not suffer from senility."

146
00:07:33,769 --> 00:07:37,769
Khaythamah ibn 'Abd al-Rahman, may Allah have mercy on him,

147
00:07:37,769 --> 00:07:41,250
used to complete the Qur'an every three days.

148
00:07:41,250 --> 00:07:44,250
Ibn Muhayriz, may Allah have mercy on him,

149
00:07:44,250 --> 00:07:47,959
used to complete the Qur'an every seven days.

150
00:07:47,959 --> 00:07:51,990
And from 'Ammar ibn 'Umar al-Bajali, who said:

151
00:07:51,990 --> 00:07:54,990
"We went out with Muhammad ibn al-Nadr al-Harithi,

152
00:07:54,990 --> 00:07:57,990
may Allah have mercy on him, to Makkah.

153
00:07:57,990 --> 00:08:00,990
We would not wake up at any hour of the night

154
00:08:00,990 --> 00:08:04,990
but that he was sitting on his camel reciting."

155
00:08:04,990 --> 00:08:08,050
He said, "We used to think

156
00:08:08,050 --> 00:08:11,050
that he did not sleep until he entered Makkah."

157
00:08:11,050 --> 00:08:14,079
He said, "And when he would stop,

158
00:08:14,079 --> 00:08:17,079
he would be in the service of his companions."

159
00:08:17,079 --> 00:08:20,079
It was said to him, 'O Abu 'Abd al-Rahman,

160
00:08:20,079 --> 00:08:23,079
we will take care of this for you.'

161
00:08:23,079 --> 00:08:26,079
He would come to them and say:

162
00:08:26,079 --> 00:08:29,759
'Are you depriving me of the reward?'"

163
00:08:29,759 --> 00:08:32,759
And from Qatadah, may Allah have mercy on him:

164
00:08:32,759 --> 00:08:36,759
He used to complete the Qur'an once every seven nights.

165
00:08:36,759 --> 00:08:39,759
When Ramadan arrived,

166
00:08:39,759 --> 00:08:42,759
he would complete it once every three nights.

167
00:08:42,759 --> 00:08:45,759
And when the last ten days arrived,

168
00:08:45,759 --> 00:08:49,200
he would complete it once every night.

169
00:08:49,200 --> 00:08:52,200
And from Sa'id ibn Jubayr, may Allah have mercy on him:

170
00:08:52,200 --> 00:08:55,200
He used to complete the Qur'an every two nights.

171
00:08:55,200 --> 00:08:58,649
Malik ibn Dinar,

172
00:08:58,649 --> 00:09:01,649
may Allah have mercy on him, said:

173
00:09:01,649 --> 00:09:04,649
"When the Qur'an is recited to the truthful ones,

174
00:09:04,649 --> 00:09:07,649
their hearts yearn for the Hereafter."

175
00:09:07,649 --> 00:09:10,809
He also said, may Allah have mercy on him:

176
00:09:10,809 --> 00:09:13,809
"O bearers of the Qur'an,

177
00:09:13,809 --> 00:09:16,809
what has the Qur'an planted in your hearts?

178
00:09:16,809 --> 00:09:19,809
For the Qur'an is the spring of the believer,

179
00:09:19,809 --> 00:09:22,809
just as rain is the spring of the earth.

180
00:09:22,809 --> 00:09:25,909
For Allah sends down rain from the sky

181
00:09:25,909 --> 00:09:28,909
to the earth, and it reaches the seed,

182
00:09:28,909 --> 00:09:31,909
and the grain is within it;

183
00:09:31,909 --> 00:09:34,909
the foulness of its location does not prevent it

184
00:09:34,909 --> 00:09:37,909
from stirring, turning green, and becoming beautiful.

185
00:09:37,909 --> 00:09:41,039
So, O bearers of the Qur'an,

186
00:09:41,039 --> 00:09:44,129
what has it planted in your hearts?

187
00:09:44,129 --> 00:09:47,129
Where are the people of one surah?

188
00:09:47,129 --> 00:09:50,129
Where are the people of two surahs?

189
00:09:50,129 --> 00:09:53,549
What have you done with them?"

190
00:09:53,549 --> 00:09:56,610
Muhammad ibn Wasi', may Allah have mercy on him, said:

191
00:09:56,610 --> 00:09:59,610
"The Qur'an is the garden of the gnostics (those who know Allah).

192
00:09:59,610 --> 00:10:02,610
So where are those who have found sweetness in it?"

193
00:10:04,159 --> 00:10:07,159
Al-Fudayl ibn 'Iyad, may Allah have mercy on him, said:

194
00:10:07,159 --> 00:10:10,159
"The bearer of the Qur'an

195
00:10:10,159 --> 00:10:13,159
is the bearer of the banner of Islam.

196
00:10:13,159 --> 00:10:16,159
It is not fitting for him to engage in idle talk with those who do,

197
00:10:16,159 --> 00:10:19,159
nor to play with those who play,

198
00:10:19,159 --> 00:10:22,480
nor to be heedless with those who are heedless."

199
00:10:22,480 --> 00:10:25,480
Wahib Ibn al-Ward, may Allah have mercy on him, said:

200
00:10:25,480 --> 00:10:28,480
We examined this hadith,

201
00:10:28,480 --> 00:10:31,480
and we found nothing more softening to these hearts,

202
00:10:32,480 --> 00:10:35,480
nor more effective at drawing one toward the truth,

203
00:10:35,480 --> 00:10:38,480
than the recitation of the Qur'an for one who reflects upon it.

204
00:10:38,480 --> 00:10:41,919
Some of the salaf said:

205
00:10:41,919 --> 00:10:44,919
I used to recite the Qur'an without finding its sweetness,

206
00:10:44,919 --> 00:10:47,960
so I said to myself:

207
00:10:47,960 --> 00:10:50,960
"Recite it as if you are hearing it

208
00:10:50,960 --> 00:10:53,960
from the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him."

209
00:10:53,960 --> 00:10:56,990
And a little sweetness came to me.

210
00:10:56,990 --> 00:11:00,080
Then I said to myself:

211
00:11:00,080 --> 00:11:03,080
"Recite it as if you are hearing it

212
00:11:03,080 --> 00:11:06,080
from Jibril, peace be upon him,

213
00:11:06,080 --> 00:11:09,080
when he was conveying it to the Prophet, peace be upon him."

214
00:11:09,080 --> 00:11:12,149
He said: "Then the sweetness increased."

215
00:11:12,149 --> 00:11:15,279
Then I said to myself:

216
00:11:15,279 --> 00:11:18,279
"Recite it as if you are hearing it

217
00:11:18,279 --> 00:11:21,370
at the moment Allah spoke it."

218
00:11:21,370 --> 00:11:24,370
He said: "Then the sweetness became complete."