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In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

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Treasures of the Prophetic biography.

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The Battle of the Trench (al-Ahzab).

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The fourth year after the Hijrah.

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It took place at the end of the fourth year.

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Some say it was at the beginning of the fifth year.

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The cause of the battle was that twenty men went out,

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from the tribe of Banu Qurayzah,

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accompanied by others from Banu al-Nadir,

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to Makkah.

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They began inciting the people of Makkah

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to fight the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.

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They said, "We are with you;

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we will support you from within and from without."

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They went to the tribe of Ghatafan,

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and said, "Support Quraysh against Muhammad."

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They went to the Arab tribes, inciting them

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to fight the Prophet, peace be upon him.

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So Quraysh and Kinanah set out,

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and Ghatafan and the Jews set out,

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and they gathered around the city of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,

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ten thousand strong.

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They agreed to fight the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him.

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When the Prophet, peace be upon him, learned

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that Quraysh, along with Ghatafan,

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Kinanah, and the Jews,

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had formed an alliance against him,

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he consulted his Companions.

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Salman al-Farisi, may Allah be pleased with him, suggested

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that he dig a trench.

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He said,

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"This is what the Persians used to do when they were besieged."

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So the Prophet, peace be upon him, ordered

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the digging of a trench around the city from the northern side,

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because the other sides were all naturally protected by mountains,

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so no one could approach from there.

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They began digging with diligence and energy,

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and the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, participated with them.

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Sahl ibn Sa'd, may Allah be pleased with him, said:

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"We were with the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,

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at the trench while they were digging,

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and we were carrying the dirt on our backs."

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The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said:

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"O Allah, there is no life but the life of the Hereafter,

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so forgive the Muhajirun and the Ansar."

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In another narration:

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"So honor the Ansar and the Muhajirun."

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Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, said:

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The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, went out

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to the trench,

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and there were the Muhajirun and the Ansar

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digging on a cold morning.

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They had no slaves to do that work for them.

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When he saw the exhaustion and hunger they were suffering,

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he, peace be upon him, said:

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"O Allah, the true life is the life of the Hereafter,

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so forgive the Ansar and the Muhajirun."

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They replied to him:

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"We are those who pledged allegiance to Muhammad

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to strive in jihad as long as we live."

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A mutual love between the Prophet, peace be upon him,

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and his Companions.

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Al-Bara' said:

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I saw the Prophet, peace be upon him,

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carrying the dirt of the trench,

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until the dust covered the skin of his abdomen.

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I heard him reciting the verses of 'Abdullah ibn Rawahah,

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which were:

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"O Allah, were it not for You, we would not have been guided,

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nor would we have given charity, nor would we have prayed.

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So send down tranquility upon us,

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and make our feet firm if we encounter the enemy.

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Indeed, those who have transgressed against us,

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if they desire sedition, we refuse."

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And he would repeat them:

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"Indeed, those who have transgressed against us,

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if they desire sedition, we refuse."

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Abu Talhah, may Allah be pleased with him, said:

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We complained to the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,

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of hunger,

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and out of the intensity of our complaint,

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we lifted our shirts from our stomachs

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to show the Prophet, peace be upon him,

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that we were tying a stone to our stomachs

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because of the intensity of the hunger.

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So the Prophet, peace be upon him, lifted

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his shirt from his stomach,

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and behold, he had tied two stones.

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This is how people are reassured

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when their leader is like the Prophet, peace be upon him;

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he feels what they feel,

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he hungers as they hunger,

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he thirsts as they thirst,

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he works as they work,

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and he cares as they care.

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He is not in an ivory tower, distant from the people,

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but rather he participates with them and mingles with them.

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When they saw that,

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they knew they were not the only ones working;

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their leader was with them, participating with them,

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nay, he was doing more than them, peace be upon him.

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Treasures of the Prophetic biography.

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A clear sign.

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Jabir said:

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We were digging on the day of the Trench,

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when a hard rock appeared,

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and we could not break it.

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We came to the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,

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and said, "O Messenger of Allah,

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this rock has appeared in the trench,

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and we cannot handle it."

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The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said:

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"I will go down."

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He stood up, his stomach bound with a stone,

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and three days had passed without us tasting food.

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The Prophet, peace be upon him, took the pickaxe,

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and struck it, and it turned into a heap of shifting sand.

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Al-Bara' said:

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On the day of the Trench,

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a rock appeared to us in part of the trench,

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which the pickaxes could not break.

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We complained of that to the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him.

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He came and took the pickaxe,

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said, "In the name of Allah,"

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and struck a blow.

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Then he said, "Allah is the Greatest!

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I have been given the keys of Ash-Sham (Greater Syria).

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By Allah, I am looking at its red palaces right now."

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Then he struck a second blow,

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broke a piece of the rock, and said,

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"Allah is the Greatest!

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I have been given Persia.

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By Allah, I can see the white palace of al-Mada'in now."

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Then he struck a third blow and said,

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"In the name of Allah,"

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and broke the rest of the rock.

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He said,

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"Allah is the Greatest!

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I have been given the keys of Yemen.

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By Allah, I can see the gates of Sana'a from where I stand."

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The Companions, may Allah be pleased with them, rejoiced,

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because they knew that the Prophet, peace be upon him, was truthful.

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This was not the first time they had seen a sign of the truthfulness of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him.

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Treasures of the Prophetic biography.

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The siege of the city.

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When Quraysh came with its army and its allies,

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and besieged the city of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,

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the believers saw them,

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and said as Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, mentioned about them:

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“And when the true believers saw the clans, they said: This is that which Allah and His messenger promised us. Allah and His messenger are true. It did but confirm them in their faith and resignation.” (33:22)

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And Allah and His Messenger spoke the truth.

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“And when the true believers saw the clans, they said: This is that which Allah and His messenger promised us. Allah and His messenger are true. It did but confirm them in their faith and resignation.” (33:22)

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As for the hypocrites inside the city,

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they said the opposite of what the believers said:

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“And when the hypocrites, and those in whose hearts is a disease, were saying: Allah and His messenger promised us naught but delusion.” (33:12)

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These are two positions:

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the position of the believers,

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"And Allah and His Messenger spoke the truth,"

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and the position of the hypocrites and those in whose hearts is a disease,

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"Allah and His Messenger did not promise us except delusion."

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In such situations,

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hunger is severe,

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there is a siege,

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ten thousand enemies,

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and scarcity,

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inside the city.

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Here the true essence appears,

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and the believer is revealed, and the hypocrite is revealed.

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Then the fighting began,

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and they began shooting at each other.

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The polytheists found a gap,

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and wanted to enter through it.

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A group of Muslims went out to them, led by 'Ali ibn Abi Talib,

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and blocked the gap for them.

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They demanded a duel.

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'Amr ibn Wudd stood up,

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or Ibn 'Abd Wudd,

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there is a difference of opinion regarding his name,

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and he was one of the brave ones.

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He said, "Who will duel me?"

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He had passed the age of one hundred, according to the well-known account.

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'Ali ibn Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with him, went out to him,

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and said to him:

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"O 'Amr,

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you had made a covenant with Allah

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that no man from Quraysh would invite you to one of two things

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without you accepting it from him."

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He said, "Yes."

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'Ali said,

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"Then I invite you to Allah, His Messenger, and to Islam."

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He said,

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"I have no need for that."

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He said,

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"Then I invite you to combat."

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He said,

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"O son of my brother,

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by Allah, I do not wish to kill you."

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'Ali said,

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"But by Allah, I wish to kill you."

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'Amr became enraged,

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dismounted from his horse, and they engaged in combat.

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Then Ali killed him.

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Umar had previously said:

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"I have grown hoarse from calling out to gather them."

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"Is there any challenger?"

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"I stood, when the brave hesitated, in the position of a resolute duelist."

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"And for that, I did not falter, rushing forth before the tremors of battle."

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"For courage in a youth and generosity are among the best of traits."

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Then Ali replied to him:

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"Do not be hasty, for one who answers your call has come to you, and he is not incapable."

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"With intention, insight, and sincerity, the one who comes is surely among the winners."

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"I truly hope to cause the mourners to wail over your funeral."

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"With a deep, resounding blow whose memory will endure during the tremors of war."

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Then, exchanges of arrows took place between the Muslims and the polytheists.

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This was because they were unable to cross the trench.

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Sa'd Ibn Mu'adh, may Allah be pleased with him, was struck by an arrow.

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His brachial artery was severed.

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After the battle, he said:

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"O Allah, You know that there is no one I would rather strive against for Your sake..."

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"...than a people who denied Your Messenger and drove him out."

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Here, his hatred for the Quraysh appears more intense than for others.

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This is because they harmed the Messenger, peace be upon him, and expelled him.

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They attempted to kill him and incited people against him.

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Thus, the love and hatred of the Companions of the Messenger, peace be upon him...

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...are linked to the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him.

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And to the religion of Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He.

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This is how a Muslim’s love and hatred must be: for the sake of Allah.

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Then he said:

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"O Allah, I believe that You have brought the war between us and them to an end."

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"But if any part of the war with Quraysh remains..."

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"...then spare me for them so that I may strive against them for Your sake."

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"But if You have ended the war, then let it burst forth and make my death a martyrdom in it."

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Then he said:

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"But do not let me die until You have gladdened my eyes regarding the Banu Qurayza."

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"For they betrayed Allah and betrayed His Messenger, peace be upon him."

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They were the third group of the Jews.

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A man from the Banu al-Nadir came to Ka'b Ibn Asad...

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...the leader of the Banu Qurayza.

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He said to him:

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"Huyayy Ibn Akhtab is at the door."

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Ka'b said:

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"Close it against him; I do not wish to see him."

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But he kept speaking to him until he gave him permission.

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So he opened the door for him.

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Huyayy said:

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"O Ka'b, I have come to you with the glory of the age and a surging sea."

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"I have come to you with the Quraysh, along with their leaders and chiefs."

248
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"I have stationed them at the confluence of the valleys near Ruma."

249
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"And with Ghatafan, along with their leaders and chiefs."

250
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"I have stationed them at the base of Naqma, beside Uhud."

251
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"They have pledged and covenanted with me that they will not depart..."

252
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"...until we eradicate Muhammad and those with him."

253
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Ka'b said to him:

254
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"By Allah, you have come to me with the disgrace of the age."

255
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"And with a rainless cloud that has poured out its water."

256
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Meaning: You have come to me with a venture that has no life in it.

257
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Then he said:

258
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"Woe to you, O Huyayy."

259
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"Leave me to what I am upon."

260
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"For I have seen nothing from Muhammad but truthfulness and loyalty."

261
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Huyayy said:

262
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"Woe to you, this is our opportunity."

263
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He persisted with him until he said to him:

264
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"Very well, I will attack Muhammad from the inside."

265
00:13:59,820 --> 00:14:02,820
At that point, he consented to the treachery.

266
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And he entered into the war against the Muslims.

267
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When the Prophet, peace be upon him, sensed the treachery...

268
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...he sent one of his Companions to verify it.

269
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Because verification is required.

270
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For the news might be false.

271
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So the Prophet, peace be upon him, sent:

272
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Sa'd Ibn Mu'adh,

273
00:14:23,820 --> 00:14:25,820
Sa'd Ibn 'Ubada,

274
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'Abdullah Ibn Rawaha,

275
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And Khawat Ibn Jubayr.

276
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He said: "Go and see..."

277
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"...if what has reached us about these people is true or not."

278
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"If it is true..."

279
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"...then convey it to me in a coded message that I will understand."

280
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"And if they are still loyal..."

281
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"...then announce it openly to the people."

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Because the people might be overcome by a sense of frustration and despair.

283
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A siege from the outside,

284
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And treachery from the inside.

285
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These things weaken their resolve.

286
00:14:57,820 --> 00:14:59,820
"If they are still keeping the covenant..."

287
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"...then shout it out."

288
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"Say: 'They are keeping the covenant, O Messenger of Allah.'"

289
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So that the people may be reassured.

290
00:15:06,820 --> 00:15:08,820
When they drew near to them,

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They found them in the most wicked state.

292
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They were insulting the Messenger, peace be upon him, and his Companions.

293
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They said: "Who is this Messenger of Allah?"

294
00:15:20,820 --> 00:15:23,820
"There is no covenant between us and Muhammad."

295
00:15:23,820 --> 00:15:26,820
They were speaking among themselves in a loud voice,

296
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So that the people could hear them.

297
00:15:28,820 --> 00:15:32,820
So these Companions, may Allah be pleased with them, turned back.

298
00:15:32,820 --> 00:15:37,820
When they approached the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,

299
00:15:37,820 --> 00:15:39,820
They said: "O Messenger of Allah,"

300
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"Adal and Qara."

301
00:15:41,820 --> 00:15:45,820
The Prophet, peace be upon him, understood...

302
00:15:45,820 --> 00:15:48,820
...that they were referring to the treachery of al-Raji'.

303
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The Prophet, peace be upon him, was deeply concerned by this matter.

304
00:15:52,820 --> 00:15:55,820
The situation was undoubtedly critical.

305
00:15:55,820 --> 00:15:58,820
As Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He, said:

306
00:15:58,820 --> 00:16:05,860
“When they came upon you from above you and from below you, and when eyes grew wild and hearts reached to the throats, and ye were imagining vain thoughts concerning Allah.” (33:10)

307
00:16:05,860 --> 00:16:11,860
“When they came upon you from above you and from below you, and when eyes grew wild and hearts reached to the throats, and ye were imagining vain thoughts concerning Allah.” (33:10)

308
00:16:11,860 --> 00:16:14,860
"...and you thought thoughts about Allah."

309
00:16:14,860 --> 00:16:17,860
"There the believers were tested,"

310
00:16:17,860 --> 00:16:21,860
"And shaken with a severe shaking."

311
00:16:21,860 --> 00:16:24,860
Some of the hypocrites revealed their disbelief.

312
00:16:24,860 --> 00:16:27,860
As Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He, said:

313
00:16:27,860 --> 00:16:31,860
“And if We would, We could show them unto thee (Muhammad) so that thou shouldst know them surely by their marks. And thou shalt know them by the burden of their talk. And Allah knoweth your deeds.” (47:30)

314
00:16:31,860 --> 00:16:33,860
Some of them said to others:

315
00:16:33,860 --> 00:16:37,860
"Muhammad promises us the treasures of Chosroes and Caesar,"

316
00:16:37,860 --> 00:16:42,860
"While one of us does not even feel safe going to relieve himself."

317
00:16:42,860 --> 00:16:47,860
Some of them came to the Messenger, peace be upon him,

318
00:16:47,860 --> 00:16:48,860
And said:

319
00:16:48,860 --> 00:16:49,860
"O Messenger of Allah,"

320
00:16:49,860 --> 00:16:51,860
"Our houses are exposed,"

321
00:16:51,860 --> 00:16:53,860
Meaning: outside the city,

322
00:16:53,860 --> 00:16:56,860
"And we wish to go to them."

323
00:16:56,860 --> 00:16:57,860
Allah said:

324
00:16:57,860 --> 00:17:01,860
“And when a party of them said: O folk of Yathrib! There is no stand (possible) for you, therefor turn back. And certain of them (even) sought permission of the Prophet, saying: Our homes lie open (to the enemy). And they lay not open. They but wished to flee.” (33:13)

325
00:17:01,860 --> 00:17:05,859
“And when a party of them said: O folk of Yathrib! There is no stand (possible) for you, therefor turn back. And certain of them (even) sought permission of the Prophet, saying: Our homes lie open (to the enemy). And they lay not open. They but wished to flee.” (33:13)

326
00:17:05,859 --> 00:17:10,859
“And when a party of them said: O folk of Yathrib! There is no stand (possible) for you, therefor turn back. And certain of them (even) sought permission of the Prophet, saying: Our homes lie open (to the enemy). And they lay not open. They but wished to flee.” (33:13)

327
00:17:10,859 --> 00:17:14,859
As for the Messenger, peace be upon him,

328
00:17:14,859 --> 00:17:17,859
He covered himself with his garment for a while.

329
00:17:17,859 --> 00:17:20,859
Then he raised his head and said:

330
00:17:20,859 --> 00:17:22,859
"Allahu Akbar!"

331
00:17:22,859 --> 00:17:26,859
"Rejoice, O community of Muslims, in the victory and aid of Allah."

332
00:17:26,859 --> 00:17:31,859
Then he, peace be upon him, stood up to reassure the people.

333
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Treasures of the Seerah.