1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:03,160 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 2 00:00:05,169 --> 00:00:08,050 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari. 3 00:00:08,580 --> 00:00:12,779 Abridged by Dr. 'Aqil ibn Salim al-Shamr. 4 00:00:12,779 --> 00:00:16,449 Surah Ghafir. 5 00:00:16,449 --> 00:00:22,769 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 6 00:00:22,769 --> 00:00:33,270 “Have they not travelled in the land to see the nature of the consequence for those who disbelieved before them? They were mightier than these in power and (in the) traces (which they left behind them) in the earth. Yet Allah seized them for their sins, and they had no protector from Allah.” (40:21) 7 00:00:33,469 --> 00:00:52,070 “Have they not travelled in the land to see the nature of the consequence for those who disbelieved before them? They were mightier than these in power and (in the) traces (which they left behind them) in the earth. Yet Allah seized them for their sins, and they had no protector from Allah.” (40:21) 8 00:00:52,070 --> 00:00:57,880 Have those who persist in their polytheism toward Allah not traveled through the land? 9 00:00:57,880 --> 00:01:03,280 So that they might see what was the final end of those nations who came before them. 10 00:01:03,280 --> 00:01:09,280 Those nations were mightier than them in strength and left more enduring traces upon the earth. 11 00:01:09,280 --> 00:01:17,280 Yet their great strength did not avail them when the command of Allah came to them, and He seized them for the sins they had committed. 12 00:01:17,280 --> 00:01:24,280 And they had no protector against the punishment of Allah when it came to them, to shield them or ward it off. 13 00:01:24,280 --> 00:01:40,950 “That was because their messengers kept bringing them clear proofs (of Allah's Sovereignty) but they disbelieved; so Allah seized them. Lo! He is Strong, severe in punishment.” (40:22) 14 00:01:40,950 --> 00:01:49,780 This fate befell those nations because the messengers of Allah would come to them with clear proofs. 15 00:01:49,780 --> 00:01:59,840 But they rejected their message, so Allah seized them with His punishment and destroyed them; indeed, Allah is possessor of power, and nothing can overcome Him. 16 00:01:59,840 --> 00:02:04,579 He is severe in punishment toward those of His creation whom He punishes. 17 00:02:04,579 --> 00:02:20,120 We sent Moses with Our signs and a clear authority to Pharaoh, Haman, and Korah, but they said, "He is a sorcerer and a liar." 18 00:02:20,120 --> 00:02:29,120 We sent Moses with proofs and clear arguments for anyone who sees them to know they are a verified proof of what he calls to. 19 00:02:29,120 --> 00:02:41,120 To Pharaoh, Haman, and Korah, but they said, "This is a sorcerer who bewitches the staff so that the onlooker sees it as a serpent moving." 20 00:02:41,120 --> 00:02:46,120 He lies about Allah and claims that He sent him to the people as a messenger. 21 00:02:46,120 --> 00:03:13,759 “And when he brought them the Truth from Our presence, they said: Slay the sons of those who believe with him, and spare their women. But the plot of disbelievers is in naught but error.” (40:25) 22 00:03:14,759 --> 00:03:25,439 When Moses came to those whom Allah had sent him to with the truth from Us—which is the oneness of Allah and acting in obedience to Him— 23 00:03:25,439 --> 00:03:35,439 They said, "Kill the sons of those who believe in Allah along with him from the Children of Israel, and spare their women for service." 24 00:03:35,439 --> 00:03:46,460 The scheming of the disbelievers against the believers is nothing but a deviation from the path of truth and a turning away from the intended goal. 25 00:03:46,460 --> 00:04:01,460 “And Pharaoh said: Suffer me to kill Moses, and let him cry unto his Lord. Lo! I fear that he will alter your religion or that he will cause confusion in the land.” (40:26) 26 00:04:03,389 --> 00:04:13,389 Pharaoh said to his retinue, "Let me kill Moses, and let him call upon his Lord, whom he claims sent him to us, so that He may protect him from us." 27 00:04:13,389 --> 00:04:27,389 "I fear that he will change your religion that you are upon with his sorcery, or that he will cause corruption to appear in your land by calling you to worship his Lord"—and that, to him, was corruption. 28 00:04:27,389 --> 00:04:39,930 “Moses said: Lo! I seek refuge in my Lord and your Lord from every scorner who believeth not in a Day of Reckoning.” (40:27) 29 00:04:39,930 --> 00:04:51,699 Moses said to Pharaoh and his retinue, "I have sought refuge in my Lord and your Lord from every arrogant person who is too proud to believe in His oneness." 30 00:04:51,699 --> 00:05:01,560 "Who does not believe in the Day when Allah will hold His creation to account, rewarding the doer of good for his goodness and the evildoer for his evil." 31 00:05:01,560 --> 00:05:18,560 “And a believing man of Pharaoh's family, who hid his faith, said: Would ye kill a man because he saith: My Lord is Allah, and hath brought you clear proofs from your Lord? If he is lying, then his lie is upon him; and if he is truthful, then some of that wherewith he threateneth you will strike you. Lo! Allah guideth not one who is a prodigal, a liar.” (40:28) 32 00:05:18,560 --> 00:05:45,560 "He has come to you with clear proofs from your Lord; if he is a liar, his lie is upon him, and if he is truthful, some of what he promises you will strike you; indeed, Allah does not guide one who is a transgressor and a liar." 33 00:05:45,560 --> 00:05:58,399 A believing man from the family of Pharaoh, who concealed his faith out of fear for himself, said, "Will you kill a man, O people, because he says, 'My Lord is Allah'?" 34 00:05:58,399 --> 00:06:10,399 "He has come to you with clear signs of the truth of what he says; if Moses is lying in his claim that Allah sent him, then the sin of his lie is upon him, not you." 35 00:06:10,399 --> 00:06:25,399 "And if he is truthful in that, then what he promises you of punishment will strike you; there is no need for you to kill him; indeed, Allah does not grant success to one who is a transgressor, doing what he has no right to do." 36 00:06:25,399 --> 00:06:29,399 "A liar against Him, telling falsehoods." 37 00:06:52,389 --> 00:06:55,959 "O my people, you have the authority and the kingdom today." 38 00:06:55,959 --> 00:07:04,959 "You are dominant over the Children of Israel in the land of Egypt, so who would defend us against the might of Allah and His retribution if it were to befall us?" 39 00:07:04,959 --> 00:07:15,060 Pharaoh said, "I do not show you, O people, any opinion or counsel except what I see as beneficial and correct for myself and for you." 40 00:07:15,060 --> 00:07:21,060 "And I do not call you to anything but the path of truth and correctness regarding the matter of Moses and his execution." 41 00:07:26,829 --> 00:07:46,720 "I fear for you the like of the day of the confederates, like the fate of the people of Noah, 'Ad, Thamud, and those after them; and Allah does not desire injustice for His servants." 42 00:07:46,720 --> 00:07:48,720 The believer from the family of Pharaoh said: 43 00:07:48,720 --> 00:07:59,720 "O my people, I fear for you, by your killing of Moses, the like of the day of the confederates who banded together against the messengers of Allah: Noah, Hud, and Salih." 44 00:07:59,720 --> 00:08:08,720 "And those after them, from the people of Abraham and the people of Lot; Allah destroyed them, so He will destroy you just as He destroyed them." 45 00:08:08,720 --> 00:08:18,720 "Allah did not destroy these confederates out of injustice toward them without a crime, for He does not desire injustice for His servants, nor does He will it." 46 00:08:18,720 --> 00:08:22,720 "Rather, He destroyed them because of their crimes and their disbelief in Him." 47 00:08:22,720 --> 00:08:44,590 "O my people, I fear for you the Day of Calling, the day you will turn your backs in flight; you will have no protector from Allah, and whoever Allah leaves to stray, there is no guide for him." 48 00:08:45,590 --> 00:08:57,389 "O my people, I fear for you, by your killing of Moses, the punishment of Allah on the day when people will call out to one another—either out of the terror of what they have witnessed." 49 00:08:57,389 --> 00:09:06,580 "Or seeking help from one another, the day you turn fleeing in the land, fearing the punishment and retribution of Allah." 50 00:09:06,580 --> 00:09:17,580 "You have no protector against Allah to shield you, and whoever Allah abandons—not granting him success toward his right path—then there is no one to grant him success." 51 00:09:17,580 --> 00:09:43,539 “And verily Joseph brought you of old clear proofs, yet ye ceased not to be in doubt concerning what he brought you till, when he died, ye said: Allah will not send any messenger after him. Thus Allah deceiveth him who is a prodigal, a doubter.” (40:34) 52 00:09:43,539 --> 00:09:51,539 “And verily Joseph brought you of old clear proofs, yet ye ceased not to be in doubt concerning what he brought you till, when he died, ye said: Allah will not send any messenger after him. Thus Allah deceiveth him who is a prodigal, a doubter.” (40:34) 53 00:09:51,539 --> 00:10:02,179 "Joseph, son of Jacob, came to you before Moses with clear proofs from Allah, yet you remained in doubt regarding what Joseph brought you." 54 00:10:02,179 --> 00:10:10,179 "Until when Joseph died, you said, 'Allah will never send a messenger after Joseph.'" 55 00:10:10,179 --> 00:10:20,279 "Thus does Allah lead astray those who are disbelievers in Him, doubting the truth of the reports of His messengers." 56 00:10:20,279 --> 00:10:35,039 “Those who wrangle concerning the revelations of Allah without any warrant that hath come unto them, it is greatly hateful in the sight of Allah and in the sight of those who believe. Thus doth Allah print on every arrogant, disdainful heart.” (40:35) 57 00:10:35,039 --> 00:10:44,039 “Those who wrangle concerning the revelations of Allah without any warrant that hath come unto them, it is greatly hateful in the sight of Allah and in the sight of those who believe. Thus doth Allah print on every arrogant, disdainful heart.” (40:35) 58 00:10:44,039 --> 00:10:54,809 "Those who dispute concerning His signs that His messengers brought to them, to refute them with falsehood without any proof that has come to them from their Lord." 59 00:10:54,809 --> 00:11:02,809 "Great is that argument which they use to dispute the signs of Allah, hateful to Allah and to those who believe." 60 00:11:02,809 --> 00:11:11,809 "Just as Allah seals the hearts of the transgressors who dispute the signs of Allah without any authority having come to them." 61 00:11:11,809 --> 00:11:19,809 "Likewise, Allah seals every heart that is arrogant toward Allah, too proud to follow the truth." 62 00:11:19,809 --> 00:11:38,769 Pharaoh said, "O Haman, build for me a tower that I may reach the ways—the ways of the heavens—so that I may look upon the God of Moses, though I think he is a liar." 63 00:11:38,769 --> 00:11:53,769 “The roads of the heavens, and may look upon the god of Moses, though verily I think him a liar. Thus was the evil that he did made fairseeming unto Pharaoh, and he was debarred from the (right) way. The plot of Pharaoh ended but in ruin.” (40:37) 64 00:11:53,769 --> 00:12:07,990 Pharaoh said, "O Haman, build for me a structure so that I may reach the ways of the heavens, ways by which I may ascend to see the God of Moses." 65 00:12:07,990 --> 00:12:21,990 "Whether those ways are paths, doors, stairs, or otherwise; and I think Moses is a liar in what he says, that he has a Lord in the heaven who sent him to us." 66 00:12:21,990 --> 00:12:32,990 Thus did Allah make the evil of Pharaoh's deeds seem fair to him and barred him from the path; the scheming of Pharaoh was nothing but loss, waste of wealth, and ruin. 67 00:12:32,990 --> 00:12:45,850 Because the expenditure he spent on the tower was in vain, and he did not attain from what he spent any of what he intended; that is the loss and the ruin. 68 00:12:45,850 --> 00:13:12,799 The one who believed said, "O my people, follow me, I will guide you to the path of right conduct; O my people, this worldly life is but a fleeting enjoyment, and the Hereafter is the home of permanence." 69 00:13:12,799 --> 00:13:26,799 The one who believed from the family of Pharaoh said to his people, "O my people, if you follow me and accept from me what I say to you, I will show you the path of correctness that you will be guided by if you take it." 70 00:13:26,799 --> 00:13:47,639 "This worldly life is nothing but an enjoyment you take pleasure in until a term you will reach, then you will die and it will pass from you; the Hereafter is the home in which you will settle and never die, so work for it and seek it." 71 00:13:47,639 --> 00:14:16,639 “Whoso doeth an ill-deed, he will be repaid the like thereof, while whoso doeth right, whether male or female, and is a believer, (all) such will enter the Garden, where they will be nourished without stint.” (40:40) 72 00:14:17,639 --> 00:14:44,440 "Whoever does a deed of disobedience to Allah in this worldly life, Allah will not reward him in the Hereafter except with an evil like it; and whoever does a deed of obedience to Allah in the world while being a believer in Allah, those are the ones who will enter Paradise in the Hereafter, and Allah will provide for them in Paradise from its fruits and all the bliss and delights within it without account." 73 00:14:44,440 --> 00:14:51,480 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari.