1 00:00:00,780 --> 00:00:09,779 Riyad al-Salihin from the words of the Master of the Messengers, peace be upon him. 2 00:00:09,779 --> 00:00:16,149 Chapter: Clarifying the group of martyrs who receive the reward of the Hereafter. 3 00:00:16,149 --> 00:00:19,149 They are washed and the funeral prayer is performed over them. 4 00:00:19,149 --> 00:00:23,149 This is unlike the one killed in battle against the disbelievers. 5 00:00:23,149 --> 00:00:27,589 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 6 00:00:27,589 --> 00:00:31,589 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: 7 00:00:31,589 --> 00:00:38,659 "The martyrs are five: the one who dies of the plague, the one who dies of a stomach ailment, the one who drowns, 8 00:00:38,659 --> 00:00:43,780 the one who dies under a collapsed building, and the martyr in the way of Allah." 9 00:00:43,780 --> 00:00:51,159 Agreed upon. "The one who dies of the plague" means the one who dies from the epidemic. 10 00:00:51,159 --> 00:00:56,219 "The one who dies of a stomach ailment" means one who dies from a disease of the stomach. 11 00:00:56,219 --> 00:01:01,929 "The one who dies under a collapsed building" is the one who dies beneath rubble. 12 00:01:01,929 --> 00:01:04,250 From the benefits of the hadith: 13 00:01:04,250 --> 00:01:10,790 Martyrs are of two types: the martyr of this world and the martyr of the Hereafter. 14 00:01:10,790 --> 00:01:13,790 The martyrs of this world are those mentioned [in the hadith]. 15 00:01:13,790 --> 00:01:16,790 They are granted the reward of martyrs in the Hereafter, 16 00:01:16,790 --> 00:01:20,790 but the rulings of martyrdom in this world do not apply to them. 17 00:01:20,790 --> 00:01:26,239 Rather, they are washed, shrouded, and the funeral prayer is performed over them. 18 00:01:26,239 --> 00:01:29,239 The martyrs of the Hereafter are those killed in battle against the disbelievers, 19 00:01:29,239 --> 00:01:33,819 advancing and not retreating, being sincere. 20 00:01:33,819 --> 00:01:36,819 The number mentioned in the hadith is not intended to be exhaustive. 21 00:01:36,819 --> 00:01:40,819 For it has been authentically reported from the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 22 00:01:40,819 --> 00:01:44,819 that he mentioned a group of martyrs other than these. 23 00:01:44,819 --> 00:01:49,819 Among them is the one thrown by his horse, the one stung by a venomous creature, 24 00:01:49,819 --> 00:01:53,819 the woman who dies in childbirth due to her child, 25 00:01:53,819 --> 00:01:57,819 death by burning, and death by tuberculosis. 26 00:01:57,819 --> 00:02:02,819 And whoever is killed defending his rights, whether regarding his person, honor, or wealth. 27 00:02:02,819 --> 00:02:07,969 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 28 00:02:07,969 --> 00:02:11,969 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: 29 00:02:11,969 --> 00:02:14,969 "Who do you consider to be the martyrs among you?" 30 00:02:14,969 --> 00:02:17,969 They said: "O Messenger of Allah, 31 00:02:17,969 --> 00:02:21,969 whoever is killed in the way of Allah is a martyr." 32 00:02:21,969 --> 00:02:27,000 He said: "Then the martyrs of my Ummah would be few." 33 00:02:27,000 --> 00:02:31,060 They asked: "Then who are they, O Messenger of Allah?" 34 00:02:31,060 --> 00:02:36,060 He said: "Whoever is killed in the way of Allah is a martyr, 35 00:02:36,060 --> 00:02:40,060 whoever dies in the way of Allah is a martyr, 36 00:02:40,060 --> 00:02:44,060 whoever dies of the plague is a martyr, 37 00:02:44,060 --> 00:02:47,060 whoever dies of a stomach ailment is a martyr, 38 00:02:47,060 --> 00:02:50,129 and the one who drowns is a martyr." 39 00:02:50,129 --> 00:02:52,129 Narrated by Muslim. 40 00:02:52,129 --> 00:02:54,960 From the benefits of the hadith: 41 00:02:54,960 --> 00:02:59,629 An illustration of the vastness of Allah’s mercy and His bounty. 42 00:02:59,629 --> 00:03:02,629 Allah’s care for this Ummah. 43 00:03:02,629 --> 00:03:07,629 He has granted those mentioned in the hadiths the reward of martyrs. 44 00:03:07,629 --> 00:03:11,629 Highlighting the best Ummah brought forth for mankind. 45 00:03:11,629 --> 00:03:16,139 “Neither those who disbelieve among the people of the Scripture nor the idolaters love that there should be sent down unto you any good thing from your Lord. But Allah chooseth for His mercy whom He will, and Allah is of Infinite Bounty.” (2:105) 46 00:03:16,139 --> 00:03:19,139 The keenness of the Prophet, peace be upon him, 47 00:03:19,139 --> 00:03:22,139 to give the concept of martyrdom a deeper dimension 48 00:03:22,139 --> 00:03:28,139 and a more profound meaning than what was established in the minds of the Companions, may Allah be pleased with them. 49 00:03:28,139 --> 00:03:34,259 On the authority of ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Amr ibn al-‘As, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said: 50 00:03:34,259 --> 00:03:38,259 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: 51 00:03:38,259 --> 00:03:42,330 "Whoever is killed defending his wealth is a martyr." 52 00:03:42,330 --> 00:03:45,939 Agreed upon. 53 00:03:45,939 --> 00:03:47,939 From the benefits of the hadith: 54 00:03:47,939 --> 00:03:54,639 It is permissible for a man to defend against one who intends to take his wealth, or any part of it, unjustly. 55 00:03:54,639 --> 00:03:56,639 If the aggressor is killed, 56 00:03:56,639 --> 00:03:59,639 then there is no retaliation (qisas) or blood money (diyah) upon the killer, 57 00:03:59,639 --> 00:04:02,639 because if he had been killed, he would have been a martyr. 58 00:04:02,639 --> 00:04:06,639 Thus, sin is completely removed from him. 59 00:04:06,639 --> 00:04:09,889 On the authority of Abu al-A‘war, 60 00:04:09,889 --> 00:04:13,889 Sa‘id ibn Zayd ibn ‘Amr ibn Nufayl, may Allah be pleased with him, 61 00:04:13,889 --> 00:04:18,889 one of the ten promised Paradise, may Allah be pleased with them, 62 00:04:18,889 --> 00:04:19,889 who said: 63 00:04:19,889 --> 00:04:24,889 I heard the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, say: 64 00:04:24,889 --> 00:04:29,019 "Whoever is killed defending his wealth is a martyr, 65 00:04:29,019 --> 00:04:33,019 whoever is killed defending his blood (life) is a martyr, 66 00:04:33,019 --> 00:04:37,019 whoever is killed defending his religion is a martyr, 67 00:04:37,019 --> 00:04:41,019 and whoever is killed defending his family is a martyr." 68 00:04:41,019 --> 00:04:44,399 Narrated by Abu Dawud and al-Tirmidhi. 69 00:04:44,399 --> 00:04:48,259 From the benefits of the hadith: 70 00:04:48,259 --> 00:04:53,389 The permissibility of defending one’s religion, wealth, life, and honor. 71 00:04:53,389 --> 00:04:57,870 Whoever is killed defending any of these is a martyr. 72 00:04:57,870 --> 00:05:02,350 Islam’s concern for preserving the five necessities: 73 00:05:02,350 --> 00:05:07,350 which are religion, intellect, life, honor, and wealth. 74 00:05:07,350 --> 00:05:12,500 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 75 00:05:12,500 --> 00:05:18,500 A man came to the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, and said: 76 00:05:18,500 --> 00:05:24,600 "O Messenger of Allah, what if a man comes wanting to take my wealth?" 77 00:05:24,600 --> 00:05:27,600 He said: "Do not give him your wealth." 78 00:05:27,600 --> 00:05:31,660 He asked: "What if he fights me?" 79 00:05:31,660 --> 00:05:34,920 He said: "Fight him." 80 00:05:34,920 --> 00:05:37,920 He asked: "What if he kills me?" 81 00:05:37,920 --> 00:05:40,920 He said: "Then you are a martyr." 82 00:05:40,920 --> 00:05:45,050 He asked: "What if I kill him?" 83 00:05:45,050 --> 00:05:48,180 He said: "He is in the Fire." 84 00:05:48,180 --> 00:05:50,339 Narrated by Muslim. 85 00:05:50,339 --> 00:05:55,389 "What if" means "tell me." 86 00:05:55,389 --> 00:05:57,579 "Wanting to take my wealth" 87 00:05:57,579 --> 00:05:59,579 means without right. 88 00:05:59,579 --> 00:06:02,990 From the benefits of the hadith: 89 00:06:02,990 --> 00:06:07,439 The hadith is evidence that knowledge precedes action, 90 00:06:07,439 --> 00:06:12,439 as this Companion asked the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 91 00:06:12,439 --> 00:06:16,439 about what he must do before he actually had to act. 92 00:06:16,439 --> 00:06:19,889 One should be gradual in repelling an aggressor, 93 00:06:19,889 --> 00:06:24,889 by admonition or seeking help before resorting to fighting him. 94 00:06:24,889 --> 00:06:26,889 If one must resort to fighting him, 95 00:06:26,889 --> 00:06:29,889 his intention should be to repel him, not to kill him. 96 00:06:29,889 --> 00:06:34,430 The blood, wealth, and honor of a Muslim are sacred. 97 00:06:34,430 --> 00:06:41,980 Chapter: The virtue of manumission (freeing slaves). 98 00:06:41,980 --> 00:06:43,980 Allah the Almighty says: 99 00:06:43,980 --> 00:06:46,139 "But he has not attempted the steep path." 100 00:06:46,139 --> 00:06:49,139 “Ah, what will convey unto thee what the Ascent is! -” (90:12) 101 00:06:49,139 --> 00:06:51,139 "And what can make you know what is the steep path? It is the freeing of a slave." 102 00:06:51,139 --> 00:06:56,930 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 103 00:06:56,930 --> 00:07:00,930 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said to me: 104 00:07:00,930 --> 00:07:03,990 "Whoever frees a Muslim slave, 105 00:07:03,990 --> 00:07:08,990 Allah will free every limb of his from the Fire for every limb of the slave, 106 00:07:08,990 --> 00:07:11,990 even his private parts for his private parts." 107 00:07:11,990 --> 00:07:14,180 Agreed upon. 108 00:07:14,180 --> 00:07:18,300 From the benefits of the hadith: 109 00:07:18,300 --> 00:07:20,300 Clarifying the virtue of manumission. 110 00:07:20,300 --> 00:07:24,980 Freeing a male slave is better than freeing a female slave. 111 00:07:24,980 --> 00:07:28,980 Clarifying Islam’s concern for freeing enslaved people, 112 00:07:28,980 --> 00:07:30,980 which was a custom among the Arabs. 113 00:07:30,980 --> 00:07:33,550 Mentioning the limbs 114 00:07:33,550 --> 00:07:36,550 is an indication that the slave should be whole, 115 00:07:36,550 --> 00:07:38,550 having no defects, 116 00:07:38,550 --> 00:07:41,550 so that the reward is complete. 117 00:07:41,550 --> 00:07:45,800 On the authority of Abu Dharr, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 118 00:07:45,800 --> 00:07:48,800 I said: "O Messenger of Allah, 119 00:07:48,800 --> 00:07:50,800 which deeds are best?" 120 00:07:50,800 --> 00:07:52,860 He said: 121 00:07:52,860 --> 00:07:54,860 "Faith in Allah 122 00:07:54,860 --> 00:07:57,899 and Jihad in the way of Allah." 123 00:07:57,899 --> 00:07:58,899 He said: 124 00:07:58,899 --> 00:08:01,899 I asked: "Which slaves are best [to free]?" 125 00:08:01,899 --> 00:08:02,899 He said: 126 00:08:02,899 --> 00:08:05,899 "Those most valuable to their owners 127 00:08:05,899 --> 00:08:07,899 and most expensive." 128 00:08:07,899 --> 00:08:09,959 Agreed upon. 129 00:08:09,959 --> 00:08:18,149 Chapter: The virtue of treating the slave well. 130 00:08:18,149 --> 00:08:20,339 Allah the Almighty says: 131 00:08:20,339 --> 00:08:24,339 "Worship Allah and associate nothing with Him, 132 00:08:24,339 --> 00:08:26,339 and to parents do good, 133 00:08:26,339 --> 00:08:30,339 and to relatives, orphans, the needy, 134 00:08:30,339 --> 00:08:34,340 the near neighbor, the distant neighbor, 135 00:08:34,340 --> 00:08:37,340 the companion at your side, the traveler, 136 00:08:37,340 --> 00:08:40,340 and those whom your right hands possess." 137 00:08:40,340 --> 00:08:44,559 On the authority of al-Ma‘rur ibn Suwayd, who said: 138 00:08:44,559 --> 00:08:49,559 I saw Abu Dharr, may Allah be pleased with him, wearing a garment, 139 00:08:49,559 --> 00:08:51,559 and his slave was wearing one like it. 140 00:08:51,559 --> 00:08:54,559 I asked him about that, 141 00:08:54,559 --> 00:09:01,559 and he mentioned that he had insulted a man during the time of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 142 00:09:01,559 --> 00:09:03,559 and shamed him regarding his mother. 143 00:09:03,559 --> 00:09:07,559 The Prophet, peace be upon him, said: 144 00:09:07,559 --> 00:09:10,559 "You are a man in whom there is Jahiliyyah (pre-Islamic ignorance). 145 00:09:10,559 --> 00:09:13,590 They are your brothers and your servants; 146 00:09:13,590 --> 00:09:16,590 Allah has placed them under your authority. 147 00:09:16,590 --> 00:09:19,620 So whoever has his brother under his authority, 148 00:09:19,620 --> 00:09:22,620 let him feed him from what he eats, 149 00:09:22,620 --> 00:09:25,620 and let him clothe him from what he wears. 150 00:09:25,620 --> 00:09:28,620 Do not burden them with what is beyond their strength, 151 00:09:28,620 --> 00:09:32,620 and if you do burden them, then help them." 152 00:09:32,620 --> 00:09:36,649 Agreed upon. 153 00:09:36,649 --> 00:09:38,649 "In you is Jahiliyyah" 154 00:09:38,649 --> 00:09:42,710 means you possess a trait from the traits of the pre-Islamic era. 155 00:09:42,710 --> 00:09:47,509 "Servants" (khawal) means the staff and attendants. 156 00:09:47,509 --> 00:09:49,509 From the benefits of the hadith: 157 00:09:49,509 --> 00:09:55,059 One should treat the slave well and observe their brotherhood. 158 00:09:55,059 --> 00:09:59,059 The prohibition against insulting slaves and shaming them for their parentage. 159 00:09:59,059 --> 00:10:03,059 The encouragement to treat them with kindness and gentleness. 160 00:10:03,059 --> 00:10:05,059 Included with slaves 161 00:10:05,059 --> 00:10:08,059 are those in a similar position, such as employees and others. 162 00:10:08,059 --> 00:10:12,539 Not to act superior to a Muslim or look down upon him. 163 00:10:12,539 --> 00:10:17,460 Using the term "brother" for a slave. 164 00:10:17,460 --> 00:10:22,460 The brotherhood of faith is higher than any other value. 165 00:10:22,460 --> 00:10:26,460 The dissolving of differences that stand between brothers 166 00:10:26,460 --> 00:10:31,039 in the crucible of faith and ideological cohesion. 167 00:10:31,039 --> 00:10:35,039 Boasting of lineage and attacking ancestry 168 00:10:35,039 --> 00:10:40,039 are among the traits of Jahiliyyah that Islam dismantled, bond by bond. 169 00:10:40,039 --> 00:10:44,549 A man, despite his virtue, knowledge, and religion, 170 00:10:44,549 --> 00:10:49,549 may still possess some of these traits called Jahiliyyah, 171 00:10:49,549 --> 00:10:54,059 and this does not necessitate his disbelief or corruption. 172 00:10:54,059 --> 00:10:58,059 The keenness of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 173 00:10:58,059 --> 00:11:00,059 to respond to his intent 174 00:11:00,059 --> 00:11:05,059 and apply his Sunnah to themselves and those they support. 175 00:11:05,059 --> 00:11:09,220 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, 176 00:11:09,220 --> 00:11:13,220 from the Prophet, peace be upon him, who said: 177 00:11:13,220 --> 00:11:17,309 "When a servant brings food to one of you, 178 00:11:17,309 --> 00:11:19,309 if he does not have him sit with him, 179 00:11:19,309 --> 00:11:22,309 let him offer him a morsel or two, 180 00:11:22,309 --> 00:11:25,309 or a bite or two, 181 00:11:25,309 --> 00:11:28,309 for he has handled the preparation." 182 00:11:28,309 --> 00:11:31,440 Narrated by al-Bukhari. 183 00:11:31,440 --> 00:11:35,370 "A bite" is the morsel. 184 00:11:35,370 --> 00:11:38,620 "Handled the preparation" means he did the work. 185 00:11:38,620 --> 00:11:42,649 From the benefits of the hadith: 186 00:11:42,649 --> 00:11:46,000 Encouragement toward humility and good character. 187 00:11:46,000 --> 00:11:50,000 Either by having the servant sit for food and drink, 188 00:11:50,000 --> 00:11:53,509 or by giving him some of it. 189 00:11:53,509 --> 00:11:56,509 Whoever is in charge of any of the Muslims, 190 00:11:56,509 --> 00:11:58,509 must treat them well 191 00:11:58,509 --> 00:12:00,960 and not make things difficult for them. 192 00:12:00,960 --> 00:12:03,960 Treating a slave or employee well 193 00:12:03,960 --> 00:12:05,960 makes him master his work, 194 00:12:05,960 --> 00:12:08,960 and love his masters and be loyal to them. 195 00:12:08,960 --> 00:12:13,740 Chapter: The virtue of the slave 196 00:12:13,740 --> 00:12:17,740 who fulfills the right of Allah and the right of his masters. 197 00:12:17,740 --> 00:12:21,929 On the authority of Ibn ‘Umar, may Allah be pleased with them both, 198 00:12:21,929 --> 00:12:26,929 that the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: 199 00:12:26,929 --> 00:12:29,929 "If a slave is sincere to his master 200 00:12:29,929 --> 00:12:31,929 and worships Allah well, 201 00:12:31,929 --> 00:12:34,929 He shall have his reward twice. 202 00:12:34,929 --> 00:12:36,960 Agreed upon. 203 00:12:36,960 --> 00:12:41,139 Among the benefits of this hadith: 204 00:12:41,139 --> 00:12:44,139 The merit of the slave who fulfills the right of Allah, 205 00:12:44,139 --> 00:12:46,139 And the right of his masters. 206 00:12:46,139 --> 00:12:48,690 The advice to the master, 207 00:12:48,690 --> 00:12:51,690 Includes fulfilling his right regarding service and obedience, 208 00:12:51,690 --> 00:12:53,690 And safeguarding his wealth, 209 00:12:53,690 --> 00:12:56,690 Because the slave is a shepherd over his master's wealth, 210 00:12:56,690 --> 00:12:59,690 And he is responsible for his flock. 211 00:12:59,690 --> 00:13:02,139 Whoever is characterized by this, 212 00:13:02,139 --> 00:13:05,139 Shall have his reward twice. 213 00:13:05,139 --> 00:13:10,259 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 214 00:13:10,259 --> 00:13:14,259 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 215 00:13:14,259 --> 00:13:18,350 "The righteous slave has two rewards." 216 00:13:18,350 --> 00:13:21,350 By Him in Whose hand is the soul of Abu Hurayrah, 217 00:13:21,350 --> 00:13:24,350 Were it not for Jihad in the cause of Allah, 218 00:13:24,350 --> 00:13:27,350 And Hajj, and honoring my mother, 219 00:13:27,350 --> 00:13:31,610 I would have loved to die while being a slave. 220 00:13:31,610 --> 00:13:34,570 Agreed upon. 221 00:13:34,570 --> 00:13:36,570 Among the benefits of this hadith: 222 00:13:36,570 --> 00:13:41,860 A slave is not obligated to perform Jihad or Hajj while in a state of servitude, 223 00:13:41,860 --> 00:13:45,370 Even if it is valid for him to perform them. 224 00:13:45,370 --> 00:13:50,370 Righteousness includes excellence in worship and sincerity toward the master. 225 00:13:50,370 --> 00:13:56,519 On the authority of Abu Musa al-Ash'ari, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 226 00:13:56,519 --> 00:14:00,549 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 227 00:14:00,549 --> 00:14:04,549 "For the slave who worships his Lord well, 228 00:14:04,549 --> 00:14:08,549 And fulfills the rights he owes to his master, 229 00:14:08,549 --> 00:14:12,679 And offers sincerity and obedience, there are two rewards." 230 00:14:12,679 --> 00:14:15,000 Narrated by al-Bukhari. 231 00:14:15,000 --> 00:14:19,000 On the authority of Abu Musa al-Ash'ari, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 232 00:14:19,000 --> 00:14:23,000 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 233 00:14:23,000 --> 00:14:26,000 "Three types of people have two rewards: 234 00:14:26,000 --> 00:14:28,000 A man from the People of the Book, 235 00:14:28,000 --> 00:14:32,000 Who believed in his own prophet and believed in Muhammad, 236 00:14:32,000 --> 00:14:34,000 And a slave, 237 00:14:34,000 --> 00:14:38,000 Who fulfills the right of Allah and the right of his masters, 238 00:14:38,000 --> 00:14:41,029 And a man who had a slave-girl, 239 00:14:41,029 --> 00:14:44,029 And he disciplined her and perfected her discipline, 240 00:14:44,029 --> 00:14:47,029 And he taught her and perfected her education, 241 00:14:47,029 --> 00:14:50,029 Then he emancipated her and married her; 242 00:14:50,029 --> 00:14:52,029 He shall have two rewards." 243 00:14:52,029 --> 00:14:55,259 Agreed upon. 244 00:14:55,259 --> 00:14:58,149 Among the benefits of this hadith: 245 00:14:58,149 --> 00:15:02,409 It is incumbent upon a man to educate his slave-girl and his family. 246 00:15:02,409 --> 00:15:06,409 As for the slave-girl, the hadith is explicit in that regard. 247 00:15:06,409 --> 00:15:09,409 And the family is included here by analogy, 248 00:15:09,409 --> 00:15:15,409 Since taking care of free women in teaching them the obligatory duties of Allah and the Sunnah of His Messenger, 249 00:15:15,409 --> 00:15:18,409 Is more emphasized than taking care of slave-girls. 250 00:15:18,409 --> 00:15:22,019 The merit of the believers among the People of the Book, 251 00:15:22,019 --> 00:15:26,019 Who believed in what Allah revealed to their prophets, 252 00:15:26,019 --> 00:15:30,019 Then recognized that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, 253 00:15:30,019 --> 00:15:33,019 So they believed in him and in what was revealed to him, 254 00:15:33,019 --> 00:15:37,019 Thus Allah gave them their reward twice. 255 00:15:37,019 --> 00:15:42,620 The slave who fulfills the right of Allah and the right of his masters, 256 00:15:42,620 --> 00:15:46,039 Is given his reward twice. 257 00:15:46,039 --> 00:15:49,039 Whoever marries his slave-girl after emancipating her, 258 00:15:49,039 --> 00:15:51,039 Shall have two rewards. 259 00:15:51,039 --> 00:15:56,200 Riyadh al-Salihin.