WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.200 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:05.160 --> 00:00:08.039 The Summary of Tafsir al-Tabari, 00:00:08.580 --> 00:00:12.740 Abridged by Dr. 'Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammari. 00:00:12.859 --> 00:00:16.320 Surah an-Nisa'. 00:00:18.239 --> 00:00:22.600 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:22.600 --> 00:00:33.770 “Lo! We inspire thee as We inspired Noah and the prophets after him, as We inspired Abraham and Ishmael and Isaac and Jacob and the tribes, and Jesus and Job and Jonah and Aaron and Solomon, and as We imparted unto David the Psalms;” (4:163) 00:00:33.969 --> 00:00:50.369 “Lo! We inspire thee as We inspired Noah and the prophets after him, as We inspired Abraham and Ishmael and Isaac and Jacob and the tribes, and Jesus and Job and Jonah and Aaron and Solomon, and as We imparted unto David the Psalms;” (4:163) 00:00:50.689 --> 00:00:54.530 "And to David We gave the Psalms." 00:00:55.759 --> 00:01:01.079 Indeed, We have sent you, O Muhammad, with prophethood just as We sent Noah 00:01:01.439 --> 00:01:03.799 and the rest of the prophets after him. 00:01:04.120 --> 00:01:13.200 “Lo! We inspire thee as We inspired Noah and the prophets after him, as We inspired Abraham and Ishmael and Isaac and Jacob and the tribes, and Jesus and Job and Jonah and Aaron and Solomon, and as We imparted unto David the Psalms;” (4:163) 00:01:13.599 --> 00:01:16.079 "And to David We gave the Psalms." 00:01:16.980 --> 00:01:30.859 “And messengers We have mentioned unto thee before and messengers We have not mentioned unto thee; and Allah spake directly unto Moses;” (4:164) 00:01:31.900 --> 00:01:41.260 Indeed, We have revealed to you as We revealed to Noah, and to messengers We have recounted to you, and messengers We have not recounted to you. 00:01:41.930 --> 00:01:45.329 And Allah spoke directly to Moses with His own speech. 00:01:46.400 --> 00:02:07.280 “Messengers of good cheer and of warning, in order that mankind might have no argument against Allah after the messengers. Allah was ever Mighty, Wise.” (4:165) 00:02:08.419 --> 00:02:17.860 They were messengers sent to My creation and My servants, bringing good tidings of My reward to whoever obeys Me, and warning of My punishment whoever disobeys Me, 00:02:18.259 --> 00:02:27.099 so that those who disbelieve in Me would have no plea, saying, "Why did You not send us a messenger?" Thus, the pretext of every false claimant was severed. 00:02:27.620 --> 00:02:34.539 And Allah has ever been Almighty in His retribution, Wise in His decree and governance over them. 00:02:35.169 --> 00:02:53.930 “But Allah (Himself) testifieth concerning that which He hath revealeth unto thee; in His knowledge hath He revealed it; and the angels also testify. And Allah is sufficient Witness.” (4:166) 00:02:55.050 --> 00:03:05.129 If the Jews disbelieve in what We have revealed to you, O Muhammad, and say to you, "Allah has not revealed anything to any human," then they have lied. 00:03:05.689 --> 00:03:16.449 The matter is not as they claim; rather, Allah bears witness to what He has revealed to you, having sent it down with His knowledge that you are His chosen one among His creation. 00:03:17.009 --> 00:03:28.650 And His angels bear witness to that on your behalf, so let not the denial of those who reject you grieve you; and Allah is sufficient as a witness to your truthfulness over all the rest of His creation. 00:03:30.000 --> 00:03:40.460 “Lo! those who disbelieve and hinder (others) from the way of Allah, they verily have wandered far astray.” (4:167) 00:03:41.379 --> 00:03:50.659 Indeed, those who reject your prophethood, O Muhammad, and turn people away from Islam have strayed far away from the right path. 00:03:51.569 --> 00:04:05.289 “Lo! those who disbelieve and deal in wrong, Allah will never forgive them, neither will He guide them unto a road,” (4:168) 00:04:05.610 --> 00:04:16.449 “Except the road of hell, wherein they will abide for ever. And that is ever easy for Allah.” (4:169) 00:04:17.740 --> 00:04:26.660 Indeed, those who rejected the message of Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and committed wrongdoing by persisting in disbelief knowingly, 00:04:27.259 --> 00:04:32.660 Allah was not to forgive their sins, but rather He will expose them through those sins. 00:04:33.339 --> 00:04:43.259 Nor was Allah to guide these who disbelieved and did wrong, by granting them success toward any path by which they might attain Allah's reward, 00:04:43.660 --> 00:04:48.699 except that they will tread the path of Hell, abiding therein forever. 00:04:49.300 --> 00:04:53.699 And making them abide eternally in Hell is easy for Allah. 00:04:54.560 --> 00:05:07.160 “O mankind! The messenger hath come unto you with the Truth from your Lord. Therefor believe; (it is) better for you. But if ye disbelieve, still, lo! unto Allah belongeth whatsoever is in the heavens and the earth. Allah is ever Knower, Wise.” (4:170) 00:05:07.639 --> 00:05:19.000 “O mankind! The messenger hath come unto you with the Truth from your Lord. Therefor believe; (it is) better for you. But if ye disbelieve, still, lo! unto Allah belongeth whatsoever is in the heavens and the earth. Allah is ever Knower, Wise.” (4:170) 00:05:20.339 --> 00:05:27.379 O people, Muhammad (peace be upon him) has come to you with Islam from your Lord, 00:05:27.899 --> 00:05:31.100 so believe him and believe in what he has brought to you; 00:05:31.699 --> 00:05:35.459 for believing in that is better for you than disbelieving in it. 00:05:36.180 --> 00:05:41.180 And if you reject his message, your rejection will never harm anyone other than yourselves, 00:05:41.740 --> 00:05:46.620 for to Allah belongs all that is in the heavens and the earth, in both dominion and creation. 00:05:47.180 --> 00:05:55.060 And Allah has ever been All-Knowing of what you will ultimately turn to regarding your obedience in what He commanded you and what He forbade you, 00:05:55.699 --> 00:06:00.220 All-Wise in His commands, His prohibitions, and the rest of His governance. 00:06:01.300 --> 00:06:10.019 “O People of the Scripture! Do not exaggerate in your religion nor utter aught concerning Allah save the truth. The Messiah, Jesus son of Mary, was only a messenger of Allah, and His word which He conveyed unto Mary, and a spirit from Him. So believe in Allah and His messengers, and say not "Three" - Cease! (it is) better for you! - Allah is only One Allah. Far is it removed from His Transcendent Majesty that He should have a son. His is all that is in the heavens and all that is in the earth. And Allah is sufficient as Defender.” (4:171) 00:06:10.540 --> 00:06:16.620 “O People of the Scripture! Do not exaggerate in your religion nor utter aught concerning Allah save the truth. The Messiah, Jesus son of Mary, was only a messenger of Allah, and His word which He conveyed unto Mary, and a spirit from Him. So believe in Allah and His messengers, and say not "Three" - Cease! (it is) better for you! - Allah is only One Allah. Far is it removed from His Transcendent Majesty that He should have a son. His is all that is in the heavens and all that is in the earth. And Allah is sufficient as Defender.” (4:171) 00:06:17.100 --> 00:06:23.019 “O People of the Scripture! Do not exaggerate in your religion nor utter aught concerning Allah save the truth. The Messiah, Jesus son of Mary, was only a messenger of Allah, and His word which He conveyed unto Mary, and a spirit from Him. So believe in Allah and His messengers, and say not "Three" - Cease! (it is) better for you! - Allah is only One Allah. Far is it removed from His Transcendent Majesty that He should have a son. His is all that is in the heavens and all that is in the earth. And Allah is sufficient as Defender.” (4:171) 00:06:23.540 --> 00:06:29.259 “O People of the Scripture! Do not exaggerate in your religion nor utter aught concerning Allah save the truth. The Messiah, Jesus son of Mary, was only a messenger of Allah, and His word which He conveyed unto Mary, and a spirit from Him. So believe in Allah and His messengers, and say not "Three" - Cease! (it is) better for you! - Allah is only One Allah. Far is it removed from His Transcendent Majesty that He should have a son. His is all that is in the heavens and all that is in the earth. And Allah is sufficient as Defender.” (4:171) 00:06:29.779 --> 00:06:38.740 “O People of the Scripture! Do not exaggerate in your religion nor utter aught concerning Allah save the truth. The Messiah, Jesus son of Mary, was only a messenger of Allah, and His word which He conveyed unto Mary, and a spirit from Him. So believe in Allah and His messengers, and say not "Three" - Cease! (it is) better for you! - Allah is only One Allah. Far is it removed from His Transcendent Majesty that He should have a son. His is all that is in the heavens and all that is in the earth. And Allah is sufficient as Defender.” (4:171) 00:06:39.180 --> 00:06:43.500 “O People of the Scripture! Do not exaggerate in your religion nor utter aught concerning Allah save the truth. The Messiah, Jesus son of Mary, was only a messenger of Allah, and His word which He conveyed unto Mary, and a spirit from Him. So believe in Allah and His messengers, and say not "Three" - Cease! (it is) better for you! - Allah is only One Allah. Far is it removed from His Transcendent Majesty that He should have a son. His is all that is in the heavens and all that is in the earth. And Allah is sufficient as Defender.” (4:171) 00:06:44.019 --> 00:06:47.779 To Him belongs all that is in the heavens and all that is in the earth, 00:06:48.420 --> 00:06:51.620 and Allah is sufficient as a Trustee. 00:06:53.060 --> 00:06:55.459 O People of the Gospel among the Christians, 00:06:55.980 --> 00:06:59.660 do not exceed the truth in your religion and do not commit excess therein, 00:07:00.220 --> 00:07:02.860 and do not say about Jesus anything other than the truth; 00:07:03.579 --> 00:07:05.899 for Allah has not taken a son. 00:07:06.540 --> 00:07:10.620 The Messiah is not the son of Allah, O extremists, as you claim; 00:07:11.100 --> 00:07:14.220 rather, he is Jesus, the son of Mary, the Messenger of Allah, 00:07:14.779 --> 00:07:17.420 “O People of the Scripture! Do not exaggerate in your religion nor utter aught concerning Allah save the truth. The Messiah, Jesus son of Mary, was only a messenger of Allah, and His word which He conveyed unto Mary, and a spirit from Him. So believe in Allah and His messengers, and say not "Three" - Cease! (it is) better for you! - Allah is only One Allah. Far is it removed from His Transcendent Majesty that He should have a son. His is all that is in the heavens and all that is in the earth. And Allah is sufficient as Defender.” (4:171) 00:07:17.980 --> 00:07:23.060 and that is the message with which Allah commanded His angels to come to Mary, 00:07:23.540 --> 00:07:25.579 as glad tidings from Allah to her, 00:07:25.980 --> 00:07:28.980 and a spirit from Him—meaning a breath from Him, 00:07:29.500 --> 00:07:30.860 for blowing is a breath of wind. 00:07:31.540 --> 00:07:33.620 It was also said: it means life from Him, 00:07:34.259 --> 00:07:36.220 and it was said: a mercy from Him, 00:07:36.860 --> 00:07:39.259 and it was said: a spirit from Allah, 00:07:39.740 --> 00:07:43.420 which He created and fashioned, then sent to Mary. 00:07:44.100 --> 00:07:47.579 It was also said: what is meant is Gabriel (peace be upon him). 00:07:48.339 --> 00:07:52.220 And the meaning of "His Word which He directed to Mary" 00:07:52.699 --> 00:07:54.779 is that Gabriel also delivered it. 00:07:55.300 --> 00:07:59.300 Each of these interpretations has a valid basis not far from correctness. 00:08:00.220 --> 00:08:04.740 So believe, O People of the Scripture, in the oneness of Allah and His Lordship, 00:08:05.220 --> 00:08:06.620 and believe in His Messenger, 00:08:07.060 --> 00:08:09.420 and do not say, "The lords are three." 00:08:09.860 --> 00:08:11.180 Desist from that; 00:08:11.779 --> 00:08:13.980 for desisting is better for you. 00:08:14.579 --> 00:08:16.379 Allah is not as you claim, 00:08:16.899 --> 00:08:22.339 but rather Allah, to Whom alone belongs divinity and worship, is One God to be worshipped. 00:08:22.899 --> 00:08:24.819 Exalted and Glorified is Allah, 00:08:25.220 --> 00:08:28.939 and far removed from having a son or a companion. 00:08:29.660 --> 00:08:35.539 To Allah belongs all that is in the heavens and all that is in the earth, in their entirety, in both dominion and creation; 00:08:36.100 --> 00:08:38.700 so how could the Messiah be a son to Allah? 00:08:39.529 --> 00:08:45.529 And Allah is sufficient for all that is in the heavens and the earth as a Sustainer, Disposer of affairs, and Provider. 00:08:46.940 --> 00:08:54.139 “The Messiah will never scorn to be a slave unto Allah, nor will the favoured angels. Whoso scorneth His service and is proud, all such will He assemble unto Him;” (4:172) 00:08:54.580 --> 00:09:03.259 ...to be a servant of Allah, nor will the angels near to Him. 00:09:03.740 --> 00:09:12.779 “The Messiah will never scorn to be a slave unto Allah, nor will the favoured angels. Whoso scorneth His service and is proud, all such will He assemble unto Him;” (4:172) 00:09:14.000 --> 00:09:18.480 The Messiah will never disdain or show arrogance against being a servant of Allah, 00:09:19.080 --> 00:09:22.240 nor will the angels near to Him ever disdain it. 00:09:22.960 --> 00:09:26.960 And whoever disdains the worship of his Lord and shows arrogance toward it, 00:09:27.480 --> 00:09:30.320 He will resurrect them all on the Day of Resurrection, 00:09:30.720 --> 00:09:33.200 gathering them together for their appointed time with Him. 00:09:34.019 --> 00:09:41.259 “Then, as for those who believed and did good works, unto them will He pay their wages in full, adding unto them of His bounty; and as for those who were scornful and proud, them will He punish with a painful doom. And they will not find for them, against Allah, any protecting friend or helper.” (4:173) 00:09:41.740 --> 00:09:47.539 “Then, as for those who believed and did good works, unto them will He pay their wages in full, adding unto them of His bounty; and as for those who were scornful and proud, them will He punish with a painful doom. And they will not find for them, against Allah, any protecting friend or helper.” (4:173) 00:09:47.980 --> 00:09:56.019 “Then, as for those who believed and did good works, unto them will He pay their wages in full, adding unto them of His bounty; and as for those who were scornful and proud, them will He punish with a painful doom. And they will not find for them, against Allah, any protecting friend or helper.” (4:173) 00:09:56.500 --> 00:10:07.940 “Then, as for those who believed and did good works, unto them will He pay their wages in full, adding unto them of His bounty; and as for those who were scornful and proud, them will He punish with a painful doom. And they will not find for them, against Allah, any protecting friend or helper.” (4:173) 00:10:09.299 --> 00:10:12.580 As for the believers who affirm the oneness of Allah 00:10:13.019 --> 00:10:19.820 and perform righteous deeds, He will grant them the reward for their good deeds in full and complete measure, 00:10:20.460 --> 00:10:26.899 and He will increase them from His bounty and favor beyond what they could ever calculate. 00:10:27.580 --> 00:10:31.700 But as for those who disdained acknowledging their servitude to Allah 00:10:32.259 --> 00:10:35.980 and arrogantly refused to humble themselves to His divinity and worship, 00:10:36.419 --> 00:10:38.899 He will punish them with a painful punishment, 00:10:39.620 --> 00:10:44.500 and the arrogant will find for themselves no protector to save them from His punishment, 00:10:45.059 --> 00:10:49.100 nor any helper to support them and rescue them from their Lord. 00:10:50.509 --> 00:10:59.110 “O mankind! Now hath a proof from your Lord come unto you, and We have sent down unto you a clear light;” (4:174) 00:10:59.710 --> 00:11:08.590 “O mankind! Now hath a proof from your Lord come unto you, and We have sent down unto you a clear light;” (4:174) 00:11:08.990 --> 00:11:14.789 “O mankind! Now hath a proof from your Lord come unto you, and We have sent down unto you a clear light;” (4:174) 00:11:16.460 --> 00:11:19.980 O people, there has come to you a clear proof from Allah, 00:11:20.500 --> 00:11:23.139 demonstrating to you the invalidity of your false religions; 00:11:23.700 --> 00:11:26.940 and that is Muhammad (peace be upon him). 00:11:27.659 --> 00:11:36.139 And We have sent down with him to you a light clarifying for you the plain pathway to that wherein lies your salvation from Allah's punishment. 00:11:37.139 --> 00:11:58.700 “As for those who believe in Allah, and hold fast unto Him, them He will cause to enter into His mercy and grace, and will guide them unto Him by a straight road.” (4:175) 00:12:00.059 --> 00:12:19.059 As for those who believe in Allah and hold fast to the clear light He sent down to His Prophet, His mercy will encompass them, and they will receive of His bounty that which reaches the people of faith in Him, and He will guide them to tread the path of those upon whom He has bestowed His favor among the people of His obedience. 00:12:20.139 --> 00:12:25.940 “They ask thee for a pronouncement. Say: Allah hath pronounced for you concerning distant kindred. If a man die childless and he have a sister, hers is half the heritage, and he would have inherited from her had she died childless. And if there be two sisters, then theirs are two-thirds of the heritage, and if they be brethren, men and women, unto the male is the equivalent of the share of two females. Allah expoundeth unto you, so that ye err not. Allah is Knower of all things.” (4:176) 00:12:26.419 --> 00:12:34.779 “They ask thee for a pronouncement. Say: Allah hath pronounced for you concerning distant kindred. If a man die childless and he have a sister, hers is half the heritage, and he would have inherited from her had she died childless. And if there be two sisters, then theirs are two-thirds of the heritage, and if they be brethren, men and women, unto the male is the equivalent of the share of two females. Allah expoundeth unto you, so that ye err not. Allah is Knower of all things.” (4:176) 00:12:35.220 --> 00:12:39.220 “They ask thee for a pronouncement. Say: Allah hath pronounced for you concerning distant kindred. If a man die childless and he have a sister, hers is half the heritage, and he would have inherited from her had she died childless. And if there be two sisters, then theirs are two-thirds of the heritage, and if they be brethren, men and women, unto the male is the equivalent of the share of two females. Allah expoundeth unto you, so that ye err not. Allah is Knower of all things.” (4:176) 00:12:39.580 --> 00:12:46.419 "And if they are two females, they shall have two-thirds of what he left." 00:12:46.740 --> 00:13:04.220 "And if they are siblings, both men and women, then the male shall have the share of two females." 00:13:04.580 --> 00:13:15.139 “They ask thee for a pronouncement. Say: Allah hath pronounced for you concerning distant kindred. If a man die childless and he have a sister, hers is half the heritage, and he would have inherited from her had she died childless. And if there be two sisters, then theirs are two-thirds of the heritage, and if they be brethren, men and women, unto the male is the equivalent of the share of two females. Allah expoundeth unto you, so that ye err not. Allah is Knower of all things.” (4:176) 00:13:17.379 --> 00:13:23.379 And if they ask you, O Muhammad, for a ruling concerning *kalalah*—which refers to an estate left by one who has neither offspring nor parent— 00:13:23.860 --> 00:13:31.940 say: "Allah gives you a ruling regarding *kalalah*: if a person dies leaving no child, male or female, 00:13:32.259 --> 00:13:38.419 and he has a sister, she shall receive half of his estate, and whatever remains goes to his agnatic heirs." 00:13:38.779 --> 00:13:44.019 Likewise, a woman's brother inherits from her if she dies before him, when she is inherited as *kalalah*. 00:13:44.179 --> 00:13:51.059 And if the surviving sisters left behind are two, they shall have two-thirds of what their deceased brother left, 00:13:51.379 --> 00:13:54.740 if he has no child and is inherited as *kalalah*. 00:13:55.500 --> 00:14:03.259 And if the surviving siblings are both men and women, then the male shall have the share of two of his sisters. 00:14:04.059 --> 00:14:08.299 Allah makes clear to you the distribution of your inheritances and the ruling of *kalalah*, 00:14:08.860 --> 00:14:13.980 lest you go astray regarding inheritance and deviate from the right path. 00:14:14.059 --> 00:14:21.580 And Allah is All-Knowing of everything concerning the welfare of His servants in distributing their inheritances and all other matters.