WEBVTT 00:00:00.780 --> 00:00:09.779 *Riyad al-Salihin* (The Meadows of the Righteous) from the words of the Master of the Messengers, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:00:09.779 --> 00:00:18.199 Chapter on Dutifulness to Parents and Maintaining Ties of Kinship. 00:00:18.199 --> 00:00:22.199 On the authority of 'Abdullah ibn 'Amr ibn al-'As, may Allah be pleased with them both, 00:00:22.199 --> 00:00:26.199 from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) who said: 00:00:26.199 --> 00:00:29.199 "The one who maintains ties of kinship is not the one who merely reciprocates, 00:00:29.199 --> 00:00:34.200 but the one who maintains them when his kinship ties are severed." 00:00:34.200 --> 00:00:38.130 Related by al-Bukhari. 00:00:38.130 --> 00:00:43.130 "The one who maintains ties" (*al-wasil*) means the one who fulfills complete upholding of ties with his family and relatives. 00:00:43.130 --> 00:00:49.259 "The reciprocator" (*al-mukafi'*) is the one who merely responds in kind to their upholding of ties and benevolence. 00:00:49.259 --> 00:00:53.060 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:00:53.060 --> 00:00:58.060 A Muslim must initiate maintaining ties of kinship and remain steadfast in doing so, 00:00:58.060 --> 00:01:02.060 even if his good treatment is not met with benevolence. 00:01:02.060 --> 00:01:05.340 The obligation of making deeds purely sincere for Allah's sake, 00:01:05.340 --> 00:01:09.340 even if no immediate worldly benefit comes from them, 00:01:09.340 --> 00:01:12.340 for they are an everlasting good in the Hereafter. 00:01:12.340 --> 00:01:18.890 Being mistreated should not cause a Muslim to withhold good from the one who mistreats him. 00:01:18.890 --> 00:01:22.299 The legally recognized upholding of kinship ties in the Shariah 00:01:22.299 --> 00:01:27.299 is that you maintain ties with whoever cuts you off, pardon whoever wrongs you, 00:01:27.299 --> 00:01:29.299 and give to whoever deprives you, 00:01:29.299 --> 00:01:32.299 not merely maintaining ties based on equal exchange and reciprocation. 00:01:32.299 --> 00:01:37.299 Yet if mutual reciprocation occurs among relatives without prior expectation or demanding it, 00:01:37.299 --> 00:01:41.299 that is the grace of Allah, which He bestows upon whom He wills, 00:01:41.299 --> 00:01:44.299 and Allah is the Possessor of immense grace. 00:01:44.299 --> 00:01:49.549 On the authority of 'A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her), who said: 00:01:49.549 --> 00:01:53.549 The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: 00:01:53.549 --> 00:01:57.620 "The womb (kinship) is suspended from the Throne, saying: 00:01:57.620 --> 00:02:00.620 'Whoever maintains me, Allah will maintain ties with him; 00:02:00.620 --> 00:02:03.620 and whoever severs me, Allah will sever ties with him.'" 00:02:03.620 --> 00:02:05.810 Agreed upon. 00:02:05.810 --> 00:02:12.319 On the authority of the Mother of the Believers, Maymunah bint al-Harith (may Allah be pleased with her), 00:02:12.319 --> 00:02:14.319 that she emancipated a slave girl 00:02:14.319 --> 00:02:19.319 without seeking permission from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). 00:02:19.319 --> 00:02:23.479 When it was her day for him to visit her, 00:02:23.479 --> 00:02:27.479 she said: "Did you realize, O Messenger of Allah, 00:02:27.479 --> 00:02:30.479 that I have emancipated my slave girl?" 00:02:30.479 --> 00:02:33.479 He said: "Did you really do so?" 00:02:33.479 --> 00:02:35.509 She replied: "Yes." 00:02:35.509 --> 00:02:42.580 He said: "Lo, had you given her to your maternal uncles, it would have been greater for your reward." 00:02:42.580 --> 00:02:44.860 Agreed upon. 00:02:44.860 --> 00:02:49.139 "Did you realize" (*ash'arta*) means "did you know." 00:02:49.139 --> 00:02:52.139 "A slave girl" (*walidah*) means a female servant/slave. 00:02:52.139 --> 00:02:55.620 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:02:55.620 --> 00:03:00.009 It is permissible for a wife to independently dispose of her own wealth. 00:03:00.009 --> 00:03:03.419 A man visits his wives in turn on their allotted day, 00:03:03.419 --> 00:03:07.419 listening to their affairs during the time apportioned to them. 00:03:07.419 --> 00:03:11.969 Among the means of strengthening the marital bond 00:03:11.969 --> 00:03:14.969 is that a woman informs her husband of what she has done 00:03:14.969 --> 00:03:17.969 or what she desires to do. 00:03:17.969 --> 00:03:22.479 Giving charity to relatives is superior and yields a greater reward, 00:03:22.479 --> 00:03:24.479 because it is both charity and the upholding of kinship ties. 00:03:24.479 --> 00:03:30.020 A Muslim should seek guidance from the people of knowledge and remembrance 00:03:30.020 --> 00:03:33.020 so as to place matters in their proper perspective 00:03:33.020 --> 00:03:36.020 or to attain a greater good. 00:03:36.020 --> 00:03:43.270 On the authority of Asma' bint Abi Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with them both), who said: 00:03:43.270 --> 00:03:46.270 "My mother came to visit me while she was still a polytheist, 00:03:46.270 --> 00:03:50.270 during the era of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). 00:03:50.270 --> 00:03:55.270 So I sought a religious verdict from the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), 00:03:55.270 --> 00:03:59.270 saying: 'My mother has come to visit me, hoping for benevolence; 00:03:59.270 --> 00:04:07.270 should I maintain ties with my mother?' He replied: 'Yes, maintain ties with your mother.'" Agreed upon. 00:04:07.270 --> 00:04:13.400 Her saying "hoping" (*raghibah*) means hoping to receive something from me and asking me for it. 00:04:13.400 --> 00:04:22.459 It is said that she was her biological mother, and it is said she was her foster mother; the first view is the correct one. 00:04:22.459 --> 00:04:27.300 "During the era of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)" 00:04:27.300 --> 00:04:32.300 refers to his treaty with the polytheists of Quraysh at al-Hudaybiyyah. 00:04:32.300 --> 00:04:36.029 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:04:36.029 --> 00:04:39.319 The permissibility of being dutiful to polytheist parents, 00:04:39.319 --> 00:04:42.319 as long as they are not combatants at war. 00:04:42.319 --> 00:04:44.610 The obligation of asking the people of remembrance 00:04:44.610 --> 00:04:47.610 when the inquirer does not know the ruling. 00:04:47.610 --> 00:04:51.610 For this reason, Asma' verified the matter of her religion. 00:04:51.610 --> 00:04:57.120 It contains an indication that knowledge precedes speech and action. 00:04:58.120 --> 00:05:00.660 The permissibility of entering into a truce with combatants 00:05:00.660 --> 00:05:04.660 and interacting with them during the period of armistice. 00:05:04.660 --> 00:05:08.100 On the authority of Zaynab al-Thaqafiyyah, 00:05:08.100 --> 00:05:12.100 the wife of 'Abdullah ibn Mas'ud, may Allah be pleased with him and with her, 00:05:12.100 --> 00:05:17.100 who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: 00:05:17.100 --> 00:05:20.139 "Give charity, O assembly of women, 00:05:20.139 --> 00:05:23.139 even if it be from your jewelry." 00:05:23.139 --> 00:05:28.139 She said: "So I returned to 'Abdullah ibn Mas'ud and said to him: 00:05:28.139 --> 00:05:31.139 'You are a man of limited means, 00:05:31.139 --> 00:05:35.139 and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) 00:05:35.139 --> 00:05:37.139 has commanded us to give charity. 00:05:37.139 --> 00:05:39.139 Go to him and ask him; 00:05:39.139 --> 00:05:42.139 if this suffices on my behalf, [I will give it to you,] 00:05:42.139 --> 00:05:45.139 otherwise, I will direct it to someone else.' 00:05:45.139 --> 00:05:47.230 'Abdullah said: 00:05:47.230 --> 00:05:49.230 'Rather, you go to him yourself.' 00:05:49.230 --> 00:05:51.230 So I set out, 00:05:51.230 --> 00:05:57.230 and there was a woman from the Ansar at the door of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), 00:05:57.230 --> 00:05:59.230 her need being the exact same as mine. 00:05:59.230 --> 00:06:03.230 The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) 00:06:03.230 --> 00:06:06.230 was endowed with an aura of awe-inspiring dignity. 00:06:06.230 --> 00:06:08.230 Then Bilal came out to us, 00:06:08.230 --> 00:06:10.230 and we said to him: 00:06:10.230 --> 00:06:14.230 'Go to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) 00:06:14.230 --> 00:06:18.230 and inform him that two women at the door are asking you: 00:06:18.230 --> 00:06:22.300 "Does it suffice as charity on their behalf to spend on their husbands 00:06:22.300 --> 00:06:25.300 and on orphans under their guardianship?" 00:06:25.300 --> 00:06:28.300 But do not tell him who we are.' 00:06:28.300 --> 00:06:33.300 So Bilal entered upon the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) 00:06:33.300 --> 00:06:35.329 and asked him. 00:06:35.329 --> 00:06:39.329 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) asked him: 00:06:39.329 --> 00:06:41.329 'Who are they?' 00:06:41.329 --> 00:06:42.329 He replied: 00:06:42.329 --> 00:06:45.329 'A woman from the Ansar and Zaynab.' 00:06:45.329 --> 00:06:49.329 The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: 00:06:49.329 --> 00:06:51.329 'Which of the Zaynabs?' 00:06:51.329 --> 00:06:53.329 He replied: 00:06:53.329 --> 00:06:55.329 'The wife of 'Abdullah.' 00:06:55.329 --> 00:06:59.550 The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: 00:06:59.550 --> 00:07:01.550 'They will have two rewards: 00:07:01.550 --> 00:07:04.550 the reward of kinship and the reward of charity.'" 00:07:04.550 --> 00:07:07.779 Agreed upon. 00:07:07.779 --> 00:07:10.899 "A man of limited means" (*khafif dhat al-yad*) 00:07:10.899 --> 00:07:12.899 means having little wealth. 00:07:12.899 --> 00:07:15.060 "Awe-inspiring dignity" (*al-mahabah*) 00:07:15.060 --> 00:07:18.060 means revered majesty and veneration. 00:07:18.060 --> 00:07:20.250 "Under their guardianship" (*fi hujurihima*) 00:07:20.250 --> 00:07:23.250 means under their custody and care. 00:07:23.250 --> 00:07:25.949 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:07:25.949 --> 00:07:28.180 The permissibility of giving charity, 00:07:28.180 --> 00:07:31.180 even if it is the obligatory zakat, 00:07:31.180 --> 00:07:33.180 to one's husband and children 00:07:33.180 --> 00:07:37.180 whose financial maintenance is not legally obligatory upon the payer of zakat, 00:07:37.180 --> 00:07:38.180 such as a wife giving to her family. 00:07:38.180 --> 00:07:42.720 The permissibility of a woman leaving her home for a legitimate need 00:07:42.720 --> 00:07:45.720 and to ask about matters of her religion. 00:07:45.720 --> 00:07:50.170 Seeking knowledge is an obligation upon both Muslim men and Muslim women. 00:07:50.170 --> 00:07:53.459 The obligation to ask the people of knowledge and remembrance 00:07:53.459 --> 00:07:56.459 if the inquirer does not know the ruling. 00:07:56.459 --> 00:08:01.060 The permissibility of a woman holding independent wealth apart from her husband, 00:08:01.060 --> 00:08:04.060 even if he is poor and in need. 00:08:04.060 --> 00:08:08.579 Charity given to relatives earns two rewards: 00:08:08.579 --> 00:08:10.579 that of charity and that of upholding kinship ties. 00:08:10.579 --> 00:08:13.250 The permissibility of the mufti asking 00:08:13.250 --> 00:08:16.250 the questioner seeking a verdict for his or her name, 00:08:16.250 --> 00:08:19.889 and inquiring into their identity. 00:08:19.889 --> 00:08:21.889 Whoever feels shy when asking a question 00:08:21.889 --> 00:08:25.889 may inform another person of what they wish to inquire about, 00:08:25.889 --> 00:08:27.889 so that he may convey it to the scholar, 00:08:27.889 --> 00:08:30.889 and then receive the answer back from him. 00:08:30.889 --> 00:08:34.200 On the authority of Abu Sufyan, 00:08:34.200 --> 00:08:37.200 Sakhr ibn Harb (may Allah be pleased with him), 00:08:37.200 --> 00:08:40.200 in his long hadith concerning the story of Heraclius, 00:08:40.200 --> 00:08:44.200 wherein Heraclius said to Abu Sufyan: 00:08:44.200 --> 00:08:46.200 "What does he command you to do?" 00:08:46.200 --> 00:08:49.200 meaning the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). 00:08:49.200 --> 00:08:52.200 He said: "I replied: 'He says: 00:08:52.200 --> 00:08:54.200 "Worship Allah alone, 00:08:54.200 --> 00:08:57.200 “And serve Allah. Ascribe no thing as partner unto Him. (Show) kindness unto parents, and unto near kindred, and orphans, and the needy, and unto the neighbour who is of kin (unto you) and the neighbour who is not of kin, and the fellow-traveller and the wayfarer and (the slaves) whom your right hands possess. Lo! Allah loveth not such as are proud and boastful,” (4:36) 00:08:57.200 --> 00:09:00.200 and abandon what your forefathers say." 00:09:00.200 --> 00:09:03.200 And he commands us with prayer, truthfulness, 00:09:03.200 --> 00:09:06.200 chastity, and upholding ties of kinship.'" 00:09:06.200 --> 00:09:08.299 Agreed upon. 00:09:08.299 --> 00:09:11.580 On the authority of Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 00:09:11.580 --> 00:09:15.580 The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: 00:09:15.580 --> 00:09:20.580 "You will conquer a land in which the *qirat* is mentioned." 00:09:20.580 --> 00:09:22.580 And in another narration: 00:09:22.580 --> 00:09:24.580 "You will conquer Egypt, 00:09:24.580 --> 00:09:28.580 and it is a land wherein the *qirat* is used as a unit of measure. 00:09:28.580 --> 00:09:31.580 So treat its people well, 00:09:31.580 --> 00:09:34.580 for they possess a covenant of protection (*dhimmah*) and ties of kinship (*rahim*)." 00:09:34.580 --> 00:09:36.580 And in another narration: 00:09:36.580 --> 00:09:40.580 "When you conquer it, treat its people with kindness, 00:09:40.580 --> 00:09:43.580 for they possess a covenant of protection and ties of kinship," 00:09:44.580 --> 00:09:46.580 or he said: 00:09:46.580 --> 00:09:48.580 "a covenant of protection and ties through marriage (*sihr*)." 00:09:48.580 --> 00:09:50.580 Related by Muslim. 00:09:50.580 --> 00:09:52.679 The scholars said: 00:09:52.679 --> 00:09:54.679 The kinship (*rahim*) they possess 00:09:54.679 --> 00:09:59.679 is because Hajar, the mother of Isma'il (peace be upon him), was from among them; 00:09:59.679 --> 00:10:01.679 and the ties through marriage (*sihr*) 00:10:01.679 --> 00:10:07.679 are because Mariyah, the mother of Ibrahim, the son of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), was from among them. 00:10:07.679 --> 00:10:10.610 The *qirat* 00:10:10.610 --> 00:10:12.610 is half a *daniq*, 00:10:12.610 --> 00:10:15.669 and a *daniq* is one-sixth of a dirham. 00:10:15.669 --> 00:10:18.669 *Dhimmah* means a sacred right and inviolability. 00:10:18.669 --> 00:10:20.740 *Sihr* 00:10:20.740 --> 00:10:22.740 means in-laws / the household of one's wife. 00:10:22.740 --> 00:10:26.820 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:10:26.820 --> 00:10:29.820 A miracle of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) 00:10:29.820 --> 00:10:33.820 in his foretelling that his Ummah would conquer Egypt. 00:10:33.820 --> 00:10:38.299 The leader should enjoin upon the army the consciousness of Allah 00:10:38.299 --> 00:10:41.299 and forbidding corruption in the land. 00:10:41.299 --> 00:10:48.940 This was indeed the practice of the Rightly-Guided Caliphs after the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him). 00:10:48.940 --> 00:10:51.940 Islam came as a mercy to the worlds, 00:10:51.940 --> 00:10:53.940 calling them to worship Allah alone. 00:10:53.940 --> 00:10:57.940 Thus the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) 00:10:57.940 --> 00:11:01.940 enjoined the Muslim army to treat the people of Egypt with kindness. 00:11:01.940 --> 00:11:07.519 The recommendation of being benevolent to relatives, kin, and in-laws, 00:11:07.519 --> 00:11:09.519 even if they are polytheists, 00:11:09.519 --> 00:11:12.519 so long as they do not wage war against Allah and His Messenger. 00:11:12.519 --> 00:11:17.129 The concept of kinship (*rahim*) is broader than just immediate relatives; 00:11:17.129 --> 00:11:19.129 for what is meant by kinship here 00:11:19.129 --> 00:11:23.129 is Hajar, the mother of Isma'il, peace and blessings be upon him. 00:11:23.129 --> 00:11:28.669 Maternal relations are included within the overarching concept of kinship. 00:11:28.669 --> 00:11:33.980 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 00:11:33.980 --> 00:11:36.980 When this verse was revealed: 00:11:36.980 --> 00:11:40.980 ◁ And warn your closest kindred ▷, 00:11:40.980 --> 00:11:45.980 the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) called Quraysh, 00:11:45.980 --> 00:11:48.980 So they gathered, and he addressed them generally and specifically, 00:11:48.980 --> 00:11:49.980 and said: 00:11:49.980 --> 00:11:51.980 "O Banu 'Abd Shams! 00:11:51.980 --> 00:11:54.980 O Banu Ka'b ibn Lu'ayy! 00:11:54.980 --> 00:11:57.980 Save yourselves from the Fire! 00:11:57.980 --> 00:12:00.080 O Banu Murrah ibn Ka'b! 00:12:00.080 --> 00:12:04.080 Save yourselves from the Fire! 00:12:04.080 --> 00:12:06.080 O Banu 'Abd Manaf! 00:12:06.080 --> 00:12:09.080 Save yourselves from the Fire! 00:12:10.080 --> 00:12:12.080 O Banu Hashim! 00:12:12.080 --> 00:12:15.080 Save yourselves from the Fire! 00:12:15.080 --> 00:12:18.080 O Banu 'Abd al-Muttalib! 00:12:18.080 --> 00:12:21.080 Save yourselves from the Fire! 00:12:21.080 --> 00:12:23.080 O Fatimah! 00:12:23.080 --> 00:12:26.080 Save yourself from the Fire! 00:12:26.080 --> 00:12:30.080 For indeed, I cannot avail you anything against Allah, 00:12:30.080 --> 00:12:35.080 except that you have ties of kinship which I will moisten by upholding them." 00:12:35.080 --> 00:12:37.299 Narrated by Muslim. 00:12:37.299 --> 00:12:40.429 His saying, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him: 00:12:40.429 --> 00:12:42.429 "By upholding them (bi-balaliha)," 00:12:42.429 --> 00:12:44.429 "al-balal" means water (moisture). 00:12:44.429 --> 00:12:46.429 And the meaning of the hadith is: 00:12:46.429 --> 00:12:48.429 "I will maintain ties with them." 00:12:48.429 --> 00:12:52.429 Severing kinship is likened to burning heat that is extinguished with water, 00:12:52.429 --> 00:12:56.649 and kinship is cooled and refreshed by maintaining it. 00:12:56.649 --> 00:12:58.779 Among the lessons of the hadith: 00:12:58.779 --> 00:13:03.779 Recompense in the Hereafter is based solely on faith and righteous deeds, 00:13:03.779 --> 00:13:06.779 and kinship and lineage will be of no avail. 00:13:06.779 --> 00:13:10.350 The obligation of upholding ties of kinship and caring for relatives, 00:13:10.350 --> 00:13:15.350 and striving to reform them and guide them toward good. 00:13:15.350 --> 00:13:21.899 Severing ties of kinship is a fire that fuels envy, rancor, and hatred in this world, 00:13:21.899 --> 00:13:24.899 and brings a painful punishment in the Hereafter. 00:13:24.899 --> 00:13:27.899 Therefore, it ought to be moistened with its moisture, 00:13:27.899 --> 00:13:29.899 which is the upholding of those ties, 00:13:29.899 --> 00:13:33.899 that extinguishes grudges and dispels hardships. 00:13:33.899 --> 00:13:37.600 The foremost duty of a caller to Allah 00:13:37.600 --> 00:13:40.600 is to warn his family and then his closest kinsfolk, 00:13:40.600 --> 00:13:43.600 because they are more deserving of good than others, 00:13:43.600 --> 00:13:45.600 followed by those closest to them, 00:13:45.600 --> 00:13:49.600 so that goodness may encompass all people. 00:13:49.600 --> 00:13:55.240 An explanation that a man's clan consists of the people of his town and his tribe. 00:13:55.240 --> 00:13:58.779 Whoever wishes to warn a people should address them collectively, 00:13:58.779 --> 00:14:01.779 and then specify them by their names, 00:14:01.779 --> 00:14:04.779 for mentioning specific names has a greater impact on the soul. 00:14:04.779 --> 00:14:07.419 The caller to Allah ought to 00:14:07.419 --> 00:14:12.419 show the people his deep love for them and his concern for their well-being, 00:14:12.419 --> 00:14:15.419 and his fear regarding their ultimate fate. 00:14:15.419 --> 00:14:22.700 And on the authority of Abu 'Abdullah 'Amr ibn al-'As (may Allah be pleased with him and his father), who said: 00:14:22.700 --> 00:14:29.700 I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) openly, not secretly, saying: 00:14:29.700 --> 00:14:33.860 "Indeed, the family of so-and-so are not my allies; 00:14:33.860 --> 00:14:37.860 rather, my ally is Allah and the righteous believers. 00:14:37.860 --> 00:14:42.860 But they have ties of kinship which I will moisten by upholding them." 00:14:42.860 --> 00:14:44.860 Agreed upon, 00:14:44.860 --> 00:14:46.860 and the wording is that of al-Bukhari. 00:14:46.860 --> 00:14:54.759 "My ally" means my supporter whom I take as a protector and friend in all matters. 00:14:54.759 --> 00:14:58.659 Among the lessons of the hadith: 00:14:58.659 --> 00:15:01.820 There is no loyalty or alliance of faith between a Muslim and a disbeliever, 00:15:01.820 --> 00:15:06.820 even though it is permissible to maintain ties with a polytheistic relative who is non-belligerent. 00:15:06.820 --> 00:15:14.419 The brotherhood of faith and the bond of Islam are greater than the bonds of blood, lineage, and worldly interest. 00:15:14.419 --> 00:15:18.870 The Muslims are allies and protectors of one another. 00:15:18.870 --> 00:15:24.419 The kinship that one is commanded to uphold and warned against severing 00:15:24.419 --> 00:15:27.419 is that which Allah has legislated as such. 00:15:27.419 --> 00:15:31.419 As for those whom Allah has commanded to sever ties with for the sake of religion, 00:15:31.419 --> 00:15:33.419 they are exempted from this, 00:15:33.419 --> 00:15:37.419 and the threat of punishment does not apply to the one who severs ties with them. 00:15:37.419 --> 00:15:40.629 And on the authority of Abu Ayyub, 00:15:40.629 --> 00:15:44.629 Khalid ibn Zayd al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him), 00:15:44.629 --> 00:15:47.629 that a man said: "O Messenger of Allah, 00:15:47.629 --> 00:15:53.629 inform me of a deed that will admit me into Paradise and distance me from the Fire." 00:15:53.629 --> 00:15:56.759 The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: 00:15:56.759 --> 00:16:00.759 "Worship Allah and associate nothing with Him, 00:16:00.759 --> 00:16:02.759 establish prayer, 00:16:02.759 --> 00:16:04.759 pay zakat, 00:16:04.759 --> 00:16:06.759 and uphold ties of kinship." 00:16:06.759 --> 00:16:08.759 Agreed upon. 00:16:08.759 --> 00:16:12.529 Among the lessons of the hadith: 00:16:12.529 --> 00:16:16.720 Monotheism (Tawhid), establishing prayer, paying zakat, 00:16:16.720 --> 00:16:18.720 and upholding ties of kinship 00:16:18.720 --> 00:16:23.720 are among the causes that necessitate entry into Paradise and salvation from the Fire. 00:16:23.720 --> 00:16:28.259 Knowledge of good is attained through learning. 00:16:28.259 --> 00:16:32.899 Knowledge cannot be acquired except by seeking it, 00:16:32.899 --> 00:16:34.899 and the first step is asking questions. 00:16:34.899 --> 00:16:40.059 And on the authority of Salman ibn 'Amir (may Allah be pleased with him), 00:16:40.059 --> 00:16:44.059 from the Prophet (peace be upon him), who said: 00:16:44.059 --> 00:16:46.090 "When one of you breaks their fast, 00:16:46.090 --> 00:16:48.090 let them break it with dates, 00:16:48.090 --> 00:16:50.090 for indeed they are a blessing. 00:16:50.090 --> 00:16:52.090 But if one finds no dates, 00:16:52.090 --> 00:16:54.090 then with water, 00:16:54.090 --> 00:16:56.090 for indeed it is purifying." 00:16:56.090 --> 00:16:57.090 And he said: 00:16:57.090 --> 00:17:00.090 "Charity given to the poor is mere charity, 00:17:00.090 --> 00:17:03.090 while given to a relative it serves two purposes: 00:17:03.090 --> 00:17:05.089 charity and upholding kinship ties." 00:17:05.089 --> 00:17:07.250 Narrated by al-Tirmidhi. 00:17:07.250 --> 00:17:10.920 Among the lessons of the hadith: 00:17:10.920 --> 00:17:14.180 It is recommended to break the fast with dates, 00:17:14.180 --> 00:17:17.180 and whoever finds none, then with water, 00:17:17.180 --> 00:17:21.180 and this is authentically established from the practice of the Prophet (peace be upon him). 00:17:21.180 --> 00:17:26.690 Charity and benevolence toward relatives yield a multiplied reward, 00:17:26.690 --> 00:17:29.690 because they combine both charity and the upholding of kinship ties. 00:17:29.690 --> 00:17:34.900 And on the authority of Ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him and his father), who said: 00:17:34.900 --> 00:17:36.900 "I had a wife 00:17:36.900 --> 00:17:38.900 whom I loved, 00:17:38.900 --> 00:17:40.900 but 'Umar disliked her, 00:17:40.900 --> 00:17:42.900 so he said to me: 00:17:42.900 --> 00:17:44.900 'Divorce her.' 00:17:44.900 --> 00:17:45.900 But I refused. 00:17:45.900 --> 00:17:50.900 So 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) went to the Prophet (peace be upon him) 00:17:50.900 --> 00:17:52.900 and mentioned that to him, 00:17:52.900 --> 00:17:56.940 whereupon the Prophet (peace be upon him) said: 00:17:56.940 --> 00:17:58.940 'Divorce her.'" 00:17:58.940 --> 00:18:02.130 Narrated by Abu Dawud and al-Tirmidhi. 00:18:02.130 --> 00:18:04.960 Among the lessons of the hadith: 00:18:04.960 --> 00:18:11.220 The obligation to obey one's father in matters that Islam requires of him. 00:18:11.220 --> 00:18:14.789 The permissibility of disliking a Muslim man or woman 00:18:14.789 --> 00:18:17.789 due to the presence of a blameworthy trait in them, 00:18:17.789 --> 00:18:21.789 provided that this dislike does not exceed that specific trait. 00:18:21.789 --> 00:18:25.369 The obligation to obey one's father 00:18:25.369 --> 00:18:28.369 when he commands something sanctioned by the religion. 00:18:28.369 --> 00:18:32.369 Ibn 'Umar loved his wife with natural affection, 00:18:32.369 --> 00:18:35.369 while 'Umar disliked her 00:18:35.369 --> 00:18:37.369 for a religious reason; 00:18:37.369 --> 00:18:40.369 hence, he commanded him to divorce her, 00:18:40.369 --> 00:18:44.369 and the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) endorsed him in that 00:18:44.369 --> 00:18:48.369 and commanded Ibn 'Umar to obey his father in divorcing her. 00:18:48.369 --> 00:18:51.369 Had 'Umar been unjust toward her, 00:18:51.369 --> 00:18:56.369 the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) would not have agreed with him on that. 00:18:56.369 --> 00:19:01.490 And on the authority of Abu al-Darda' (may Allah be pleased with him), 00:19:01.490 --> 00:19:04.490 that a man came to him and said: 00:19:04.490 --> 00:19:09.490 "I have a wife, and my mother commands me to divorce her." 00:19:09.490 --> 00:19:10.519 So he said: 00:19:10.519 --> 00:19:15.519 "I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) say: 00:19:15.519 --> 00:19:18.519 'The parent is the middle gate of Paradise; 00:19:18.519 --> 00:19:23.519 so if you wish, forfeit that gate, or preserve it.'" 00:19:23.519 --> 00:19:26.779 Narrated by al-Tirmidhi. 00:19:26.779 --> 00:19:29.349 "The middle gate of Paradise" 00:19:29.349 --> 00:19:32.349 means the best of its gates. 00:19:32.349 --> 00:19:34.900 Among the lessons of the hadith: 00:19:34.900 --> 00:19:40.220 Dutifulness to parents is a means of entering Paradise and having its gates opened. 00:19:40.220 --> 00:19:45.660 Pleasing parents takes precedence over pleasing one's wife. 00:19:45.660 --> 00:19:48.079 Whoever loves something, 00:19:48.079 --> 00:19:52.079 and his parents—or one of them—asks him to leave it, 00:19:52.079 --> 00:19:54.079 and he grieves over it, 00:19:54.079 --> 00:19:56.079 then the foremost thing he should do 00:19:56.079 --> 00:19:59.079 is to consult the people of knowledge. 00:19:59.079 --> 00:20:04.299 And on the authority of al-Bara' ibn 'Azib (may Allah be pleased with him and his father), 00:20:04.299 --> 00:20:08.299 from the Prophet (peace be upon him), who said: 00:20:08.299 --> 00:20:11.329 "The maternal aunt is in the position of the mother." 00:20:11.329 --> 00:20:13.490 Narrated by al-Tirmidhi. 00:20:13.490 --> 00:20:17.220 Among the lessons of the hadith: 00:20:17.220 --> 00:20:19.480 The maternal aunt is like the mother 00:20:19.480 --> 00:20:22.480 in terms of affection toward her sister's children, 00:20:22.480 --> 00:20:25.480 and she is likewise regarding their custody. 00:20:25.480 --> 00:20:29.769 The obligation to honor the maternal aunt and treat her with benevolence, 00:20:29.769 --> 00:20:32.769 just as a servant of Allah treats his mother with benevolence. 00:20:32.769 --> 00:20:37.250 The maternal aunt takes precedence over the paternal aunt in custody. 00:20:37.250 --> 00:20:40.859 This hadith specifically pertains to custody, 00:20:40.859 --> 00:20:44.859 and there is no evidence in it for those who claim that the maternal aunt inherits, 00:20:44.859 --> 00:20:47.859 simply because the mother inherits. 00:20:47.859 --> 00:20:51.950 Riyad al-Salihin.