WEBVTT 00:00:00.780 --> 00:00:09.779 *Riyadh al-Salihin* from the words of the Master of the Messengers, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:00:09.779 --> 00:00:15.439 Chapter on Altruism (*I'thar*) and Mutual Consolation. 00:00:15.439 --> 00:00:18.879 Allah the Exalted said: 00:00:18.879 --> 00:00:24.980 “Those who entered the city and the faith before them love those who flee unto them for refuge, and find in their breasts no need for that which hath been given them, but prefer (the fugitives) above themselves though poverty become their lot. And whoso is saved from his own avarice - such are they who are successful.” (59:9) 00:00:24.980 --> 00:00:27.199 And the Exalted said: 00:00:27.199 --> 00:00:34.200 “And feed with food the needy wretch, the orphan and the prisoner, for love of Him,” (76:8) 00:00:34.200 --> 00:00:38.960 ...to the end of the verses. 00:00:38.960 --> 00:00:42.990 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 00:00:42.990 --> 00:00:47.990 A man came to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and said, 00:00:47.990 --> 00:00:49.990 "I am exhausted by hunger." 00:00:49.990 --> 00:00:53.020 So he sent a message to one of his wives, 00:00:53.020 --> 00:00:54.020 but she said, 00:00:54.020 --> 00:00:59.020 "By the One Who sent you with the truth, I have nothing except water." 00:00:59.060 --> 00:01:01.060 Then he sent to another, 00:01:01.060 --> 00:01:04.090 and she said the same thing, 00:01:04.090 --> 00:01:07.090 until they all said the same: 00:01:07.090 --> 00:01:10.090 "No, by the One Who sent you with the truth, 00:01:10.090 --> 00:01:13.219 I have nothing except water." 00:01:13.219 --> 00:01:16.219 So the Prophet (peace be upon him) said, 00:01:16.219 --> 00:01:19.219 "Who will host this man tonight?" 00:01:19.219 --> 00:01:22.340 A man from the Ansar said, 00:01:22.340 --> 00:01:24.340 "I will, O Messenger of Allah." 00:01:24.340 --> 00:01:27.379 So he took him along to his home, 00:01:27.379 --> 00:01:29.379 and said to his wife, 00:01:29.379 --> 00:01:33.379 "Honor the guest of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)." 00:01:33.379 --> 00:01:35.409 And in another narration, 00:01:35.409 --> 00:01:36.409 he said to his wife, 00:01:36.409 --> 00:01:38.409 "Do you have anything?" 00:01:38.409 --> 00:01:40.409 She said, "No, 00:01:40.409 --> 00:01:42.409 nothing except the sustenance of my children." 00:01:42.409 --> 00:01:46.409 He said, "Distract them with something, 00:01:46.409 --> 00:01:50.409 and if they want dinner, put them to sleep. 00:01:50.409 --> 00:01:52.409 When our guest enters, 00:01:52.409 --> 00:01:54.409 extinguish the lamp, 00:01:54.409 --> 00:01:56.409 and make him think that we are eating." 00:01:56.409 --> 00:01:59.409 So they sat, and the guest ate, 00:01:59.409 --> 00:02:01.409 while they spent the night hungry with empty bellies. 00:02:02.409 --> 00:02:04.409 When morning came, 00:02:04.409 --> 00:02:07.409 he went early to the Prophet (peace be upon him), 00:02:07.409 --> 00:02:09.409 who said, 00:02:09.409 --> 00:02:12.409 "Allah was indeed amazed by the deed of you two 00:02:12.409 --> 00:02:14.409 regarding your guest last night." 00:02:14.409 --> 00:02:16.539 Agreed upon. 00:02:16.539 --> 00:02:19.979 "Exhausted" (*majhud*): 00:02:19.979 --> 00:02:21.979 meaning hardship has afflicted me, 00:02:21.979 --> 00:02:24.979 which refers to distress, severe hardship, and hunger. 00:02:24.979 --> 00:02:27.389 "His home" (*rahlihi*): 00:02:27.389 --> 00:02:29.520 meaning his dwelling in town. 00:02:29.520 --> 00:02:31.520 "Except the sustenance of my children": 00:02:31.520 --> 00:02:37.520 meaning what they usually eat according to their habit and desire for food. 00:02:37.520 --> 00:02:39.840 "Distract them" (*'allilihim*): 00:02:39.840 --> 00:02:43.840 meaning occupy them with something other than this food. 00:02:43.840 --> 00:02:46.000 "And make him think that we are eating": 00:02:46.000 --> 00:02:50.000 meaning give him the impression by moving hands over the food 00:02:50.000 --> 00:02:52.000 and moving the mouth in chewing. 00:02:52.000 --> 00:02:54.259 "With empty bellies" (*tawiyayn*): 00:02:54.259 --> 00:02:56.259 meaning hungry. 00:02:56.259 --> 00:02:58.449 "Went early" (*ghada*): 00:02:58.449 --> 00:03:00.449 meaning he came in the morning. 00:03:02.379 --> 00:03:04.569 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:03:04.569 --> 00:03:09.050 Honoring the guest is obligatory in Islam. 00:03:09.050 --> 00:03:14.050 The permissibility of referring a guest to someone who is capable of spending on him 00:03:14.050 --> 00:03:16.560 and fulfilling his need. 00:03:16.560 --> 00:03:21.560 An illustration of the state in which the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) lived, 00:03:21.560 --> 00:03:25.560 regarding scarcity of provisions and asceticism in worldly life, 00:03:25.560 --> 00:03:28.139 alongside his abundant generosity. 00:03:28.139 --> 00:03:30.139 The virtue and chastity of the Ansar, 00:03:30.139 --> 00:03:32.139 and that they are people of altruism 00:03:32.139 --> 00:03:34.840 despite their own poverty. 00:03:34.840 --> 00:03:38.840 Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, is Ever-Watchful over His servants, 00:03:38.840 --> 00:03:40.840 Aware of their deeds, 00:03:40.840 --> 00:03:44.610 and All-Knowing of their conditions. 00:03:44.610 --> 00:03:50.180 The recommendation of expressing admiration for one who does good. 00:03:50.180 --> 00:03:54.180 A clarification of the reason for the revelation of Allah's statement regarding the Ansar: 00:03:54.180 --> 00:03:59.180 “Those who entered the city and the faith before them love those who flee unto them for refuge, and find in their breasts no need for that which hath been given them, but prefer (the fugitives) above themselves though poverty become their lot. And whoso is saved from his own avarice - such are they who are successful.” (59:9) 00:03:59.180 --> 00:04:05.819 "And whoever is saved from the greed of his soul — it is those who are the successful." 00:04:05.819 --> 00:04:08.819 Affirming the attribute of wonder (*al-'ajab*) for Allah, 00:04:08.819 --> 00:04:14.819 which is among the active attributes affirmed by Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jama'ah. 00:04:14.819 --> 00:04:20.009 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 00:04:20.009 --> 00:04:24.009 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: 00:04:24.009 --> 00:04:27.009 "The food of two is sufficient for three, 00:04:27.009 --> 00:04:31.069 and the food of three is sufficient for four." 00:04:31.069 --> 00:04:33.230 Agreed upon. 00:04:33.230 --> 00:04:35.230 And in a narration by Muslim, 00:04:35.230 --> 00:04:38.230 on the authority of Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him), 00:04:38.230 --> 00:04:42.230 from the Prophet (peace be upon him), who said: 00:04:42.230 --> 00:04:45.230 "The food of one suffices for two, 00:04:45.230 --> 00:04:48.230 the food of two suffices for four, 00:04:48.230 --> 00:04:52.230 and the food of four suffices for eight." 00:04:52.230 --> 00:04:56.379 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:04:56.379 --> 00:05:00.899 Encouragement of noble traits and contentment with what suffices. 00:05:00.899 --> 00:05:03.899 The recommendation of gathering together over food, 00:05:03.899 --> 00:05:07.899 because the larger the gathering, the greater the blessing. 00:05:07.899 --> 00:05:12.500 Sufficiency arises from the blessing of gathering together. 00:05:12.500 --> 00:05:15.889 Encouragement to feed others, 00:05:15.889 --> 00:05:18.889 and not looking down upon what one has 00:05:18.889 --> 00:05:20.889 so as to withhold offering it, 00:05:20.889 --> 00:05:23.889 for even a small amount may bring about sufficiency, 00:05:23.889 --> 00:05:27.889 in the sense of staving off hunger and sustaining the body, 00:05:27.889 --> 00:05:30.889 which is better than having nothing. 00:05:30.889 --> 00:05:37.170 On the authority of Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 00:05:37.170 --> 00:05:42.170 While we were on a journey with the Prophet (peace be upon him), 00:05:42.170 --> 00:05:46.170 a man came on his mount 00:05:46.170 --> 00:05:50.170 and began looking right and left. 00:05:50.170 --> 00:05:54.170 So the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: 00:05:54.170 --> 00:05:57.170 "Whoever has an extra mount, 00:05:57.170 --> 00:06:00.170 let him give it to the one who has no mount; 00:06:00.170 --> 00:06:03.360 and whoever has surplus provisions, 00:06:03.360 --> 00:06:07.360 let him give them to the one who has no provisions." 00:06:07.360 --> 00:06:10.459 And he mentioned various types of wealth 00:06:10.459 --> 00:06:16.620 until we felt that none of us had any right to any surplus. 00:06:16.620 --> 00:06:18.620 Narrated by Muslim. 00:06:18.620 --> 00:06:22.220 "Looking" (*yasrif*): meaning turning his gaze about. 00:06:22.220 --> 00:06:24.350 "An extra mount" (*fadl dzahr*): 00:06:24.350 --> 00:06:27.350 meaning a riding animal beyond one's need. 00:06:27.350 --> 00:06:29.610 "Let him give it" (*fal-ya'ud bihi*): 00:06:29.610 --> 00:06:31.610 meaning let him give it in charity. 00:06:31.610 --> 00:06:35.730 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:06:35.730 --> 00:06:41.139 The leader looks after his subjects and guides them to what is most upright for them. 00:06:41.139 --> 00:06:47.529 Encouragement to cooperate in doing good deeds and show solidarity in times of hardship. 00:06:47.529 --> 00:06:53.529 The swift response of the Companions to the desire of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 00:06:53.529 --> 00:06:55.529 and their implementation of it, 00:06:55.529 --> 00:07:00.709 for they were truly a source of joy to him. 00:07:00.709 --> 00:07:03.709 On the authority of Sahl ibn Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with him), 00:07:03.709 --> 00:07:08.709 that a woman came to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 00:07:08.709 --> 00:07:10.709 with a woven cloak (*burdah*), 00:07:10.709 --> 00:07:11.709 and said, 00:07:11.709 --> 00:07:15.709 "I wove it with my own hands to clothe you with it." 00:07:15.709 --> 00:07:21.810 So the Prophet (peace be upon him) took it, being in need of it. 00:07:21.810 --> 00:07:24.810 Then he came out to us wearing it as his lower garment. 00:07:24.810 --> 00:07:26.810 A certain man said, 00:07:26.810 --> 00:07:29.810 "Clothe me with it; how beautiful it is!" 00:07:29.810 --> 00:07:30.810 He replied, 00:07:30.810 --> 00:07:31.810 "Yes." 00:07:31.810 --> 00:07:36.810 So the Prophet (peace be upon him) sat in the gathering for a while, 00:07:36.810 --> 00:07:38.810 then returned home, folded it up, 00:07:38.810 --> 00:07:41.810 and sent it to him. 00:07:41.810 --> 00:07:43.870 The people said to the man, 00:07:43.870 --> 00:07:44.870 "You did not do well! 00:07:44.870 --> 00:07:49.870 The Prophet (peace be upon him) wore it while he was in need of it, 00:07:49.870 --> 00:07:51.870 yet you asked him for it, 00:07:51.870 --> 00:07:55.870 knowing that he never turns down anyone who asks." 00:07:55.870 --> 00:07:56.870 He replied, 00:07:56.870 --> 00:08:00.870 "By Allah, I did not ask him for it to wear it; 00:08:00.870 --> 00:08:04.870 I only asked him for it so that it would be my shroud." 00:08:04.870 --> 00:08:06.000 Sahl said: 00:08:06.000 --> 00:08:09.189 "And it indeed served as his shroud." 00:08:09.189 --> 00:08:11.189 Narrated by al-Bukhari. 00:08:11.189 --> 00:08:14.060 "A cloak" (*burdah*): 00:08:14.060 --> 00:08:16.060 it is a striped wrap. 00:08:16.060 --> 00:08:18.149 "His lower garment" (*izar*): 00:08:18.149 --> 00:08:21.149 meaning he wrapped it around the lower part of his body, 00:08:21.149 --> 00:08:26.149 because the *izar* is what is worn on the lower half of the body to cover the nakedness. 00:08:26.149 --> 00:08:30.370 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:08:30.370 --> 00:08:36.850 The recommendation to readily accept a gift to comfort the heart of the giver. 00:08:36.850 --> 00:08:40.850 The generosity of the Prophet (peace be upon him) and the vastness of his munificence, 00:08:40.850 --> 00:08:45.360 and that he never turned away anyone who asked. 00:08:45.360 --> 00:08:49.360 The permissibility of preparing an item before the time of its need, 00:08:49.360 --> 00:08:52.360 as this man designated it to be his shroud. 00:08:52.360 --> 00:08:56.000 The legitimacy of relying on contextual clues, 00:08:56.000 --> 00:09:00.000 as the Companions deduced from the Messenger's taking it 00:09:00.000 --> 00:09:02.000 that he was in need of it, 00:09:02.000 --> 00:09:06.000 so they said, "He took it while in need of it." 00:09:06.000 --> 00:09:11.580 The permissibility of expressing admiration for garments seen on others, 00:09:11.580 --> 00:09:14.580 either to let them know its worth, 00:09:14.580 --> 00:09:19.580 or to hint at requesting it when that is appropriate. 00:09:19.580 --> 00:09:24.960 The legitimacy of censuring perceived breaches of etiquette, 00:09:24.960 --> 00:09:27.960 even if they do not reach the level of prohibition. 00:09:27.960 --> 00:09:33.779 On the authority of Abu Musa (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 00:09:33.779 --> 00:09:37.779 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: 00:09:37.779 --> 00:09:41.779 "When the Ash'aris run short of provisions during military expeditions, 00:09:41.779 --> 00:09:44.779 or the food of their families runs low in Madinah, 00:09:44.779 --> 00:09:48.779 they collect whatever they have in a single cloth, 00:09:48.779 --> 00:09:53.779 and then divide it equally among themselves in a single vessel. 00:09:53.779 --> 00:09:57.850 So they are of me, and I am of them." 00:09:57.850 --> 00:10:00.100 Agreed upon. 00:10:00.100 --> 00:10:05.299 "Run short of provisions" (*armalu*): their provisions run out or come close to depletion. 00:10:05.299 --> 00:10:11.190 "During military expeditions" (*fi al-ghazw*): meaning going out to fight the enemy. 00:10:11.190 --> 00:10:16.289 "They are of me": meaning they are close to me in character and guidance. 00:10:16.289 --> 00:10:20.120 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:10:20.120 --> 00:10:23.250 A clarification of the virtue of the Ash'aris, 00:10:23.250 --> 00:10:27.250 who are the tribe of Abu Musa al-Ash'ari (may Allah be pleased with him). 00:10:27.250 --> 00:10:30.730 A clarification of the virtue of mutual consolation, 00:10:30.730 --> 00:10:33.730 the merit of pooling provisions together while traveling, 00:10:33.730 --> 00:10:38.730 and gathering them in one place when they are scarce and then distributing them. 00:10:38.730 --> 00:10:43.179 The permissibility of a person speaking about the virtues of his people. 00:10:43.179 --> 00:10:48.799 Chapter on Competing in Matters of the Hereafter 00:10:48.799 --> 00:10:51.799 and Seeking Abundance in What Brings Blessing (*Barakah*). 00:10:51.799 --> 00:10:55.019 Allah the Exalted said: 00:10:55.019 --> 00:11:00.019 “Whose seal is musk - for this let (all) those strive who strive for bliss -” (83:26) 00:11:00.019 --> 00:11:04.200 On the authority of Sahl ibn Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with him), 00:11:04.200 --> 00:11:08.200 that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 00:11:08.200 --> 00:11:09.200 was brought a drink, 00:11:09.200 --> 00:11:11.200 so he drank from it. 00:11:11.200 --> 00:11:13.200 On his right was a young boy, 00:11:13.200 --> 00:11:16.200 and on his left were the elders. 00:11:16.200 --> 00:11:18.259 So he said to the boy, 00:11:18.259 --> 00:11:21.259 "Do you permit me to give these elders first?" 00:11:21.259 --> 00:11:23.259 The boy said, 00:11:23.259 --> 00:11:26.259 "No, by Allah, O Messenger of Allah! 00:11:26.259 --> 00:11:29.259 I will not give preference to anyone over my share of your blessing." 00:11:29.259 --> 00:11:34.299 So the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) placed it in his hand. 00:11:34.299 --> 00:11:36.419 [Agreed upon]. 00:11:36.419 --> 00:11:39.679 "He handed it," meaning he placed it. 00:11:39.679 --> 00:11:44.679 This young boy was Ibn 'Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him and his father). 00:11:44.679 --> 00:11:48.419 "Al-Ashyakh" is the plural of "Shaykh," 00:11:48.419 --> 00:11:51.419 which refers to someone advanced in age. 00:11:51.419 --> 00:11:53.480 "My share of you," 00:11:53.480 --> 00:11:57.480 meaning of the remnant of your blessing and virtue. 00:11:57.480 --> 00:12:00.340 Among the lessons of the hadith: 00:12:00.340 --> 00:12:03.730 The general Sunnah regarding drinking. 00:12:03.730 --> 00:12:06.730 Giving precedence to the right side in every situation. 00:12:06.730 --> 00:12:13.210 Giving precedence to the right is not due to higher status or favoring them over others present, 00:12:13.210 --> 00:12:16.750 but rather to give precedence to that side itself. 00:12:16.750 --> 00:12:22.100 Prioritizing legal (Shar'i) considerations over all other considerations. 00:12:22.100 --> 00:12:27.100 The recommendation to respect elders and accord people their proper status, 00:12:27.100 --> 00:12:30.100 so long as it does not conflict with a legal ruling. 00:12:30.100 --> 00:12:36.490 The rightful owner takes precedence over others in receiving their full right, and they need not yield it to others. 00:12:36.490 --> 00:12:42.029 The eagerness of the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) for whatever benefited them. 00:12:42.029 --> 00:12:46.639 Encouragement to give dues to their rightful owners. 00:12:46.639 --> 00:12:49.990 Good manners when interacting with people, 00:12:49.990 --> 00:12:53.730 whether they are old or young. 00:12:53.730 --> 00:12:56.730 The permissibility of youngsters attending gatherings of elders, 00:12:56.730 --> 00:13:00.730 because it serves to teach and discipline them; 00:13:00.730 --> 00:13:05.730 for true manhood is only learned in the gatherings of men. 00:13:05.730 --> 00:13:09.879 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), 00:13:09.879 --> 00:13:13.879 from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), who said: 00:13:13.879 --> 00:13:17.879 "While Ayyub (peace be upon him) was bathing naked, 00:13:17.879 --> 00:13:21.879 golden locusts fell upon him, 00:13:21.879 --> 00:13:24.879 so Ayyub began scooping them up into his garment. 00:13:24.879 --> 00:13:27.909 Thereupon, his Lord, Mighty and Majestic, called out to him: 00:13:27.909 --> 00:13:32.909 'O Ayyub, did I not make you rich enough not to need what you see?' 00:13:32.909 --> 00:13:35.909 He said: 'Yes, by Your Might, 00:13:35.909 --> 00:13:39.909 but I cannot do without Your blessing.'" 00:13:39.909 --> 00:13:46.350 Narrated by al-Bukhari. "Fakharra" means they fell down. 00:13:46.350 --> 00:13:48.580 "Golden locusts," 00:13:48.580 --> 00:13:51.580 meaning pieces of gold resembling locusts 00:13:51.580 --> 00:13:54.580 in shape and abundance. 00:13:54.580 --> 00:14:00.830 "He scooped," meaning he took them with his hand and tossed them into his garment. 00:14:00.830 --> 00:14:05.139 Among the lessons of the hadith: 00:14:05.139 --> 00:14:10.139 Encouragement to seek whatever increases a person in blessing and bounty. 00:14:10.139 --> 00:14:14.720 The permissibility of desiring to acquire an abundance of lawful wealth, 00:14:14.720 --> 00:14:17.720 for someone who is confident they will remain grateful for it. 00:14:17.720 --> 00:14:21.870 The virtue of the grateful wealthy person. 00:14:21.870 --> 00:14:26.870 The permissibility of bathing naked when alone in private, 00:14:26.870 --> 00:14:30.379 though covering oneself is better. 00:14:30.379 --> 00:14:35.149 Affirming the attribute of Speech for Allah the Exalted. 00:14:35.149 --> 00:14:39.149 Riyad al-Salihin.