WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.160 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:05.139 --> 00:00:08.039 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari. 00:00:08.560 --> 00:00:12.740 Abridged by Dr. ‘Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammar. 00:00:14.039 --> 00:00:16.280 Surah Fussilat. 00:00:18.190 --> 00:00:22.050 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:22.800 --> 00:00:29.120 “Say (O Muhammad, unto the idolaters): Disbelieve ye verily in Him Who created the earth in two Days, and ascribe ye unto Him rivals? He (and none else) is the Lord of the Worlds.” (41:9) 00:00:29.120 --> 00:00:33.619 Yet you set up rivals alongside Him. 00:00:33.939 --> 00:00:37.979 He is the Lord of all the worlds. 00:00:39.210 --> 00:00:43.409 “Say (O Muhammad, unto the idolaters): Disbelieve ye verily in Him Who created the earth in two Days, and ascribe ye unto Him rivals? He (and none else) is the Lord of the Worlds.” (41:9) 00:00:43.689 --> 00:00:46.490 This occurred on Sunday and Monday. 00:00:46.929 --> 00:00:50.049 You set up rivals to the One who created all of that. 00:00:50.750 --> 00:00:54.350 The One who performed this act and created the earth in two days. 00:00:54.710 --> 00:00:57.030 The Master of all jinn and mankind. 00:00:57.189 --> 00:00:59.149 And all other species of creation. 00:00:59.469 --> 00:01:01.950 Everything beneath Him is entirely owned by Him. 00:01:02.390 --> 00:01:05.109 How then is it permissible for Him to have a rival? 00:01:06.439 --> 00:01:10.959 “He placed therein firm hills rising above it, and blessed it and measured therein its sustenance in four Days, alike for (all) who ask;” (41:10) 00:01:10.959 --> 00:01:15.120 And He blessed it. 00:01:15.120 --> 00:01:17.799 And He determined its sustenance therein. 00:01:17.799 --> 00:01:20.840 In four days. 00:01:21.239 --> 00:01:30.000 “He placed therein firm hills rising above it, and blessed it and measured therein its sustenance in four Days, alike for (all) who ask;” (41:10) 00:01:31.239 --> 00:01:36.239 He placed firm mountains upon the earth, above its surface. 00:01:36.239 --> 00:01:38.000 And He blessed the earth. 00:01:38.000 --> 00:01:41.040 Making it a source of perpetual benefit for its inhabitants. 00:01:41.040 --> 00:01:44.280 And He determined the sustenance of its inhabitants within the earth. 00:01:44.280 --> 00:01:48.760 This refers to the food that sustains them and the provisions that benefit them. 00:01:48.760 --> 00:01:50.760 In four days. 00:01:50.760 --> 00:01:55.239 He completed the creation of the earth and all its resources and benefits. 00:01:55.239 --> 00:01:58.799 Including trees and water, in four days. 00:01:59.120 --> 00:02:01.280 The first of which was Sunday. 00:02:01.280 --> 00:02:03.879 And the last of which was Wednesday. 00:02:03.879 --> 00:02:07.319 He determined its sustenance therein, equally for those who ask. 00:02:07.319 --> 00:02:09.639 According to their needs. 00:02:09.639 --> 00:02:13.030 And according to what is beneficial for them. 00:02:13.030 --> 00:02:18.770 “Then turned He to the heaven when it was smoke, and said unto it and unto the earth: Come both of you, willingly or loth. They said: We come, obedient.” (41:11) 00:02:18.770 --> 00:02:24.129 “Then turned He to the heaven when it was smoke, and said unto it and unto the earth: Come both of you, willingly or loth. They said: We come, obedient.” (41:11) 00:02:24.129 --> 00:02:29.770 It said: "We have come willingly." 00:02:31.039 --> 00:02:33.319 Then He ascended to the heaven. 00:02:33.319 --> 00:02:36.199 Allah said to the heaven and the earth: 00:02:36.199 --> 00:02:39.159 "Bring forth what I have created within you." 00:02:39.159 --> 00:02:41.319 "As for you, O heaven," 00:02:41.319 --> 00:02:46.000 "Bring forth what I have created within you: the sun, the moon, and the stars." 00:02:46.000 --> 00:02:48.240 "And as for you, O earth," 00:02:48.240 --> 00:02:52.919 "Bring forth what I have created within you: trees, fruits, and vegetation." 00:02:52.919 --> 00:02:55.580 "And split open to reveal the rivers." 00:02:55.580 --> 00:02:56.939 They said: 00:02:56.939 --> 00:03:00.060 "We have come with what You have brought into existence within us of Your creation." 00:03:00.099 --> 00:03:03.139 "Responding to Your command." 00:03:03.139 --> 00:03:07.620 “Then He ordained them seven heavens in two Days and inspired in each heaven its mandate; and We decked the nether heaven with lamps, and rendered it inviolable. That is the measuring of the Mighty, the Knower.” (41:12) 00:03:07.620 --> 00:03:12.300 “Then He ordained them seven heavens in two Days and inspired in each heaven its mandate; and We decked the nether heaven with lamps, and rendered it inviolable. That is the measuring of the Mighty, the Knower.” (41:12) 00:03:12.300 --> 00:03:19.900 “Then He ordained them seven heavens in two Days and inspired in each heaven its mandate; and We decked the nether heaven with lamps, and rendered it inviolable. That is the measuring of the Mighty, the Knower.” (41:12) 00:03:19.900 --> 00:03:25.210 That is the decree of the Almighty, the All-Knowing. 00:03:25.210 --> 00:03:29.729 He completed the creation of the seven heavens in two days. 00:03:29.810 --> 00:03:33.090 This was on Thursday and Friday. 00:03:33.090 --> 00:03:36.650 And He placed in each of the seven heavens. 00:03:36.650 --> 00:03:39.000 Whatever He willed of creation. 00:03:39.000 --> 00:03:43.439 And We adorned the lowest heaven, O people, with stars. 00:03:43.439 --> 00:03:45.439 This which I have described to you. 00:03:45.439 --> 00:03:49.120 Is the decree of the Almighty in His retribution against His enemies. 00:03:49.120 --> 00:03:54.060 The All-Knowing of the secrets and public deeds of His servants. 00:03:54.060 --> 00:03:58.539 But if they turn away, then say: "I have warned you of a thunderous punishment." 00:03:58.539 --> 00:04:03.379 Like the thunderous punishment of ‘Ad and Thamud. 00:04:03.379 --> 00:04:08.699 “When their messengers came unto them from before them and behind them, saying: Worship none but Allah! they said: If our Lord had willed, He surely would have sent down angels (unto us), so lo! we are disbelievers in that wherewith ye have been sent.” (41:14) 00:04:08.699 --> 00:04:10.060 And those who came after them. 00:04:10.060 --> 00:04:13.460 That you worship none but Allah. 00:04:13.460 --> 00:04:19.779 “When their messengers came unto them from before them and behind them, saying: Worship none but Allah! they said: If our Lord had willed, He surely would have sent down angels (unto us), so lo! we are disbelievers in that wherewith ye have been sent.” (41:14) 00:04:19.779 --> 00:04:23.060 "We are indeed disbelievers in that with which you have been sent." 00:04:23.220 --> 00:04:27.220 If these polytheists turn away from this argument. 00:04:27.220 --> 00:04:28.699 Then say to them: 00:04:28.699 --> 00:04:32.120 "I have warned you, O people, of a thunderous punishment." 00:04:32.120 --> 00:04:35.879 "That will destroy you, like the thunderous punishment of ‘Ad and Thamud." 00:04:35.879 --> 00:04:40.079 When the messengers came to ‘Ad and Thamud from before them. 00:04:40.079 --> 00:04:43.240 Meaning the messengers who came to their forefathers. 00:04:43.240 --> 00:04:45.040 And from behind them. 00:04:45.040 --> 00:04:48.639 And from behind the messengers who were sent as messengers. 00:04:48.639 --> 00:04:51.759 And from behind the messengers who were sent as messengers. 00:04:51.800 --> 00:04:55.759 And from behind the messengers who were sent as messengers. 00:04:55.759 --> 00:05:01.480 The messengers came to them saying: "Worship none but Allah." 00:05:01.480 --> 00:05:03.600 They said to their messengers: 00:05:03.600 --> 00:05:06.279 "Had our Lord willed that we worship Him alone," 00:05:06.279 --> 00:05:09.319 "He would have sent down angels from the heaven." 00:05:09.319 --> 00:05:12.480 "As messengers regarding what you are calling us to." 00:05:12.480 --> 00:05:16.199 "He did not send you, for you are human beings like us." 00:05:16.199 --> 00:05:22.500 "We are disbelievers in that which your Lord has sent you with to us." 00:05:22.500 --> 00:05:28.259 “As for A'ad, they were arrogant in the land without right, and they said: Who is mightier than us in power? Could they not see that Allah Who created them, He was mightier than them in power? And they denied Our revelations.” (41:15) 00:05:28.259 --> 00:05:32.740 “As for A'ad, they were arrogant in the land without right, and they said: Who is mightier than us in power? Could they not see that Allah Who created them, He was mightier than them in power? And they denied Our revelations.” (41:15) 00:05:32.740 --> 00:05:36.899 “As for A'ad, they were arrogant in the land without right, and they said: Who is mightier than us in power? Could they not see that Allah Who created them, He was mightier than them in power? And they denied Our revelations.” (41:15) 00:05:36.899 --> 00:05:39.740 “As for A'ad, they were arrogant in the land without right, and they said: Who is mightier than us in power? Could they not see that Allah Who created them, He was mightier than them in power? And they denied Our revelations.” (41:15) 00:05:39.740 --> 00:05:45.120 And they used to deny Our signs. 00:05:45.120 --> 00:05:47.480 As for ‘Ad, the people of Hud. 00:05:47.480 --> 00:05:49.759 They acted arrogantly against their Lord. 00:05:49.759 --> 00:05:51.360 And they behaved tyrannically in the land. 00:05:51.399 --> 00:05:56.040 “Therefor We let loose on them a raging wind in evil days, that We might make them taste the torment of disgrace in the life of the world. And verily the doom of the Hereafter will be more shameful, and they will not be helped.” (41:16) 00:05:56.040 --> 00:06:00.800 In days of misfortune, so that We might make them taste. 00:06:00.800 --> 00:06:04.279 “As for A'ad, they were arrogant in the land without right, and they said: Who is mightier than us in power? Could they not see that Allah Who created them, He was mightier than them in power? And they denied Our revelations.” (41:15) 00:06:04.279 --> 00:06:07.199 “As for A'ad, they were arrogant in the land without right, and they said: Who is mightier than us in power? Could they not see that Allah Who created them, He was mightier than them in power? And they denied Our revelations.” (41:15) 00:06:07.199 --> 00:06:10.399 And He gave them great physical stature and immense strength. 00:06:10.399 --> 00:06:12.399 “As for A'ad, they were arrogant in the land without right, and they said: Who is mightier than us in power? Could they not see that Allah Who created them, He was mightier than them in power? And they denied Our revelations.” (41:15) 00:06:12.399 --> 00:06:15.240 So that they might fear His punishment. 00:06:15.240 --> 00:06:19.720 And they used to deny Our proofs and arguments against them. 00:06:19.720 --> 00:06:27.800 To make them taste the punishment of disgrace in the worldly life. 00:06:27.800 --> 00:06:30.959 And the punishment of the Hereafter is more disgraceful. 00:06:30.959 --> 00:06:34.639 And they will not be helped. 00:06:34.639 --> 00:06:38.810 So We sent against ‘Ad a violent wind. 00:06:38.810 --> 00:06:42.089 In days of ill-omen and misfortune. 00:06:42.089 --> 00:06:45.250 And Our punishment for them in the Hereafter is more disgraceful. 00:06:45.250 --> 00:06:48.370 It is more severe in humiliation and abasement for them. 00:06:48.410 --> 00:06:52.730 And they will have no helper to save them from Allah on the Day of Resurrection. 00:06:52.730 --> 00:06:57.199 As for Thamud, We guided them. 00:06:57.199 --> 00:07:03.199 But they preferred blindness over guidance. 00:07:03.199 --> 00:07:06.759 “And as for Thamud, We gave them guidance, but they preferred blindness to the guidance, so the bolt of the doom of humiliation overtook them because of what they used to earn.” (41:17) 00:07:06.759 --> 00:07:10.120 Because of what they used to earn. 00:07:10.120 --> 00:07:16.740 “And We delivered those who believed and used to keep their duty to Allah.” (41:18) 00:07:16.740 --> 00:07:18.339 And as for Thamud. 00:07:18.379 --> 00:07:22.259 We clarified for them the path of truth and the way of righteousness. 00:07:22.259 --> 00:07:26.379 But they chose misguidance over the clarity that was made manifest to them. 00:07:26.379 --> 00:07:31.980 So the punishment of humiliation and disgrace destroyed them. 00:07:31.980 --> 00:07:36.379 Because of the sins they earned through their disbelief in Allah. 00:07:36.379 --> 00:07:39.860 And We saved those who worshipped Allah alone from the punishment. 00:07:39.860 --> 00:07:42.060 And they used to fear Allah. 00:07:42.060 --> 00:07:47.569 So they believed His messengers and renounced idols and rivals. 00:07:47.610 --> 00:07:55.649 “And (make mention of) the day when the enemies of Allah are gathered unto the Fire, they are driven on” (41:19) 00:07:55.649 --> 00:07:59.689 “Till, when they reach it, their ears and their eyes and their skins testify against them as to what they used to do.” (41:20) 00:07:59.689 --> 00:08:08.050 “Till, when they reach it, their ears and their eyes and their skins testify against them as to what they used to do.” (41:20) 00:08:08.050 --> 00:08:14.180 “Till, when they reach it, their ears and their eyes and their skins testify against them as to what they used to do.” (41:20) 00:08:14.220 --> 00:08:19.699 And on the day when these polytheists, the enemies of Allah, are gathered to the Fire of Hell. 00:08:19.699 --> 00:08:22.980 They will be driven, the first of them to the last of them. 00:08:22.980 --> 00:08:25.779 Until, when they reach the Fire. 00:08:25.779 --> 00:08:30.699 Their hearing will testify against them regarding what they used to listen to in the world. 00:08:30.699 --> 00:08:34.220 And their sight regarding what they used to look at. 00:08:34.220 --> 00:08:38.379 “Till, when they reach it, their ears and their eyes and their skins testify against them as to what they used to do.” (41:20) 00:08:38.379 --> 00:08:43.340 They will say to their skins: "Why did you testify against us?" 00:08:43.340 --> 00:08:50.340 “And they say unto their skins: Why testify ye against us? They say: Allah hath given us speech Who giveth speech to all things, and Who created you at the first, and unto Whom ye are returned.” (41:21) 00:08:50.340 --> 00:08:58.139 “And they say unto their skins: Why testify ye against us? They say: Allah hath given us speech Who giveth speech to all things, and Who created you at the first, and unto Whom ye are returned.” (41:21) 00:08:58.139 --> 00:09:04.419 Those who are gathered to the Fire will say to their skins when they testify against them: 00:09:04.419 --> 00:09:08.879 "Why did you testify against us regarding what we used to do in the world?" 00:09:08.879 --> 00:09:11.279 Their skins will answer them: 00:09:11.279 --> 00:09:14.559 “And they say unto their skins: Why testify ye against us? They say: Allah hath given us speech Who giveth speech to all things, and Who created you at the first, and unto Whom ye are returned.” (41:21) 00:09:14.559 --> 00:09:16.120 "We have been made to speak." 00:09:16.120 --> 00:09:20.679 And Allah created you the first time, and you were nothing. 00:09:20.679 --> 00:09:25.269 And to Him is your return after your death. 00:09:25.269 --> 00:09:31.350 “Ye did not hide yourselves lest your ears and your eyes and your skins should testify against you, but ye deemed that Allah knew not much of what ye did.” (41:22) 00:09:31.350 --> 00:09:37.750 “Ye did not hide yourselves lest your ears and your eyes and your skins should testify against you, but ye deemed that Allah knew not much of what ye did.” (41:22) 00:09:37.750 --> 00:09:48.159 “Ye did not hide yourselves lest your ears and your eyes and your skins should testify against you, but ye deemed that Allah knew not much of what ye did.” (41:22) 00:09:48.159 --> 00:09:50.639 And you did not hide yourselves in the world. 00:09:50.639 --> 00:09:53.440 So that you might avoid committing the prohibitions of Allah. 00:09:53.440 --> 00:09:58.519 For fear that your hearing, your sight, and your skins would testify against you. 00:09:58.519 --> 00:10:03.000 But you thought, when you committed the acts of disobedience to Allah in the world, 00:10:03.000 --> 00:10:08.110 “Ye did not hide yourselves lest your ears and your eyes and your skins should testify against you, but ye deemed that Allah knew not much of what ye did.” (41:22) 00:10:08.110 --> 00:10:14.269 “That, your thought which ye did think about your Lord, hath ruined you; and ye find yourselves (this day) among the lost.” (41:23) 00:10:14.269 --> 00:10:19.230 And you became among the losers. 00:10:19.230 --> 00:10:22.029 This assumption that you held about your Lord. 00:10:22.029 --> 00:10:24.110 Is what destroyed you. 00:10:24.110 --> 00:10:27.190 Because you dared to violate the prohibitions of Allah. 00:10:27.190 --> 00:10:31.080 So today you have become among the perished. 00:10:31.080 --> 00:10:37.440 “And though they are resigned, yet the Fire is still their home; and if they ask for favour, yet they are not of those unto whom favour can be shown.” (41:24) 00:10:37.480 --> 00:10:44.759 “And though they are resigned, yet the Fire is still their home; and if they ask for favour, yet they are not of those unto whom favour can be shown.” (41:24) 00:10:46.190 --> 00:10:48.789 If they show patience regarding the Fire. 00:10:48.789 --> 00:10:51.029 The Fire is a dwelling for them. 00:10:51.029 --> 00:10:56.549 And if they ask to return to what they love, seeking a reduction of the punishment. 00:10:56.549 --> 00:11:00.509 They are not the people who will be returned to Paradise. 00:11:00.509 --> 00:11:06.320 So that the punishment they are in might be lightened for them. 00:11:06.320 --> 00:11:09.679 The summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari.