WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.399 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:03.399 --> 00:00:07.679 The Senior Scholars Project in Kuwait is pleased, 00:00:07.679 --> 00:00:12.980 in cooperation with the Foundation of Sheikh Abdul-Aziz Ibn Baz, 00:00:12.980 --> 00:00:16.679 may Allah have mercy on him, to present to you 00:00:16.679 --> 00:00:25.699 "The Juristic Choices in Issues of Acts of Worship and Transactions" 00:00:26.899 --> 00:00:33.899 from the fatwas of His Eminence, the leading scholar, Imam Abdul-Aziz Ibn Abdullah Ibn Baz, 00:00:33.899 --> 00:00:35.899 may Allah have mercy on him, 00:00:35.899 --> 00:00:43.579 compiled and arranged by Sheikh Khalid Ibn Sa'ud Ibn 'Amir Al-'Ajmi. 00:00:43.579 --> 00:00:46.560 The Book of Purification. 00:00:46.560 --> 00:00:53.380 Chapter: The Obligatory Elements, Sunnah Acts, and Description of Wudu. 00:00:53.380 --> 00:00:57.179 The leading scholar, Imam Ibn Baz, may Allah have mercy on him, said: 00:00:57.179 --> 00:01:00.780 It has been authentically established from the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:01:00.780 --> 00:01:08.500 evidence indicating that at the beginning of wudu, he would wash his hands thrice along with forming the intention for wudu. 00:01:08.500 --> 00:01:13.459 It is prescribed for the person performing wudu to mention the name of Allah at the beginning of wudu. 00:01:13.459 --> 00:01:19.159 Whoever omits the Basmalah in wudu out of forgetfulness or ignorance, his wudu is valid, 00:01:19.159 --> 00:01:21.260 and he is not required to repeat it, 00:01:21.260 --> 00:01:23.859 even if we were to adopt the view that the Basmalah is obligatory, 00:01:23.859 --> 00:01:27.359 because he is excused on grounds of ignorance and forgetfulness. 00:01:27.359 --> 00:01:30.659 The proof for this is the saying of Allah the Exalted: 00:01:30.659 --> 00:01:35.459 “Allah tasketh not a soul beyond its scope. For it (is only) that which it hath earned, and against it (only) that which it hath deserved. Our Lord! Condemn us not if we forget, or miss the mark! Our Lord! Lay not on us such a burden as thou didst lay on those before us! Our Lord! Impose not on us that which we have not the strength to bear! Pardon us, absolve us and have mercy on us, Thou, our Protector, and give us victory over the disbelieving folk.” (2:286) 00:01:35.459 --> 00:01:39.159 And it has been authentically reported from the Prophet, peace be upon him, 00:01:39.159 --> 00:01:43.689 that Allah, Glorified be He, has answered this supplication. 00:01:43.689 --> 00:01:46.790 Whoever deliberately omits the Basmalah during wudu, 00:01:46.790 --> 00:01:49.090 while knowing the legal ruling, 00:01:49.090 --> 00:01:54.709 ought to repeat the wudu as a precaution and to avoid scholarly disagreement. 00:01:54.810 --> 00:01:58.709 The hadith: "There is no wudu for the one who does not mention the name of Allah over it" 00:01:58.709 --> 00:02:01.909 is a hadith with multiple transmission chains, all of which contain some weakness; 00:02:01.909 --> 00:02:07.769 however, their sum total indicates that it has a sound basis and is Hasan (good). 00:02:07.769 --> 00:02:10.569 Whoever forgets the Basmalah at the beginning of wudu 00:02:10.569 --> 00:02:12.870 and then remembers it during it, 00:02:12.870 --> 00:02:16.370 should utter the Basmalah and does not need to repeat the wudu, 00:02:16.370 --> 00:02:19.789 because he is excused due to forgetfulness. 00:02:19.789 --> 00:02:22.389 One may perform wudu in the bathroom without objection, 00:02:22.389 --> 00:02:23.990 and praise be to Allah, 00:02:23.990 --> 00:02:26.189 and he should mention the name of Allah at the beginning of wudu 00:02:26.189 --> 00:02:27.990 because he is in a state of necessity; 00:02:27.990 --> 00:02:31.289 for this reason, the dislike ceases in the presence of need. 00:02:31.289 --> 00:02:34.289 The Basmalah may be recited aloud or silently; 00:02:34.289 --> 00:02:35.889 both are the same, 00:02:35.889 --> 00:02:38.050 so long as it is pronounced. 00:02:38.050 --> 00:02:40.550 The Sunnah, upon finishing wudu, 00:02:40.550 --> 00:02:43.250 is to recite the Shahadah outside the bathroom, 00:02:43.250 --> 00:02:45.550 because there is no necessity 00:02:45.550 --> 00:02:48.870 to utter the Shahadah inside the bathroom. 00:02:48.870 --> 00:02:51.270 The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:02:51.270 --> 00:02:53.370 performed wudu washing each limb once, 00:02:53.370 --> 00:02:55.370 twice, 00:02:55.370 --> 00:02:57.569 and thrice. 00:02:57.569 --> 00:03:00.770 At times, he would wash some of his limbs twice 00:03:00.770 --> 00:03:02.770 and others thrice; 00:03:02.770 --> 00:03:05.870 this indicates that there is flexibility in the matter, 00:03:05.870 --> 00:03:07.370 and praise be to Allah. 00:03:07.370 --> 00:03:10.750 However, washing thrice is superior. 00:03:10.750 --> 00:03:13.250 Repetition is a recommended Sunnah, 00:03:13.250 --> 00:03:16.360 whereas doing so once is the obligation. 00:03:16.360 --> 00:03:19.159 His statement, peace be upon him: 00:03:19.159 --> 00:03:22.960 "Whoever exceeds this has done evil, transgressed, and wronged," 00:03:22.960 --> 00:03:26.759 was recorded by Abu Dawud, At-Tirmidhi, and others, 00:03:26.759 --> 00:03:28.860 and its chain of transmission is authentic. 00:03:28.860 --> 00:03:30.659 This indicates that 00:03:30.659 --> 00:03:34.060 exceeding three times is never permissible; 00:03:34.060 --> 00:03:35.659 this is not permissible, 00:03:35.659 --> 00:03:39.280 or it is severely disliked. 00:03:39.280 --> 00:03:41.979 The saying of Allah the Exalted in the verse of wudu: 00:03:41.979 --> 00:03:43.580 "to the elbows" 00:03:43.580 --> 00:03:45.680 means including the elbows, 00:03:45.680 --> 00:03:50.639 as shown by the practice of the Prophet, peace be upon him, 00:03:50.639 --> 00:03:51.740 and His saying: 00:03:51.840 --> 00:03:54.240 "and your feet to the ankles" 00:03:54.240 --> 00:03:56.439 means including the ankles; 00:03:56.439 --> 00:04:00.449 thus, both the ankle and the elbow must be washed. 00:04:00.449 --> 00:04:05.849 What is prescribed is taking a single handful of water for both rinsing the mouth and sniffing water into the nose together, 00:04:05.849 --> 00:04:11.449 repeating that thrice, just as the Prophet, peace be upon him, did. 00:04:11.449 --> 00:04:15.050 Yet if one separates them, using one handful for the mouth and another for the nose, 00:04:15.050 --> 00:04:16.939 there is no harm in that. 00:04:16.939 --> 00:04:21.339 It is not required to insert one's finger into the mouth when rinsing it; 00:04:21.339 --> 00:04:26.259 if one takes water into the mouth and swishes it around, it suffices. 00:04:26.259 --> 00:04:28.660 It is obligatory upon the one performing wudu 00:04:28.660 --> 00:04:32.420 to wipe the entire head along with the ears. 00:04:32.420 --> 00:04:34.319 One wipes over the hair of the head 00:04:34.319 --> 00:04:36.220 even if there are oils on it, 00:04:36.220 --> 00:04:37.819 and there is no harm in doing so. 00:04:37.819 --> 00:04:41.019 The wives of the Prophet, peace be upon him, 00:04:41.019 --> 00:04:46.269 used to wipe over the styled hair on their heads. 00:04:46.269 --> 00:04:48.269 The method of wiping the head 00:04:48.269 --> 00:04:51.970 is to wipe with both hands, moving them backward and forward: 00:04:51.970 --> 00:04:54.569 starting from the front to the nape of the neck, 00:04:54.569 --> 00:04:56.170 and then bringing them back to the front. 00:04:56.170 --> 00:04:58.170 This is the optimal way. 00:04:58.170 --> 00:05:01.069 But if one wipes in a different manner— 00:05:01.069 --> 00:05:05.470 such as wiping with the right hand or the left hand and covering the whole head, 00:05:05.470 --> 00:05:08.569 or with both hands starting from the middle of the head and covering it all— 00:05:08.569 --> 00:05:12.360 none of that impairs the wudu, and it is sufficient. 00:05:12.360 --> 00:05:14.759 If you are swimming in the sea, 00:05:14.759 --> 00:05:18.360 there is no harm in performing wudu while you are in the sea, 00:05:18.360 --> 00:05:21.259 provided you observe the proper order and succession: 00:05:21.259 --> 00:05:22.860 you start with your face, 00:05:22.860 --> 00:05:25.759 then your right arm followed by the left, 00:05:25.759 --> 00:05:28.360 then you wipe your head and ears, 00:05:28.360 --> 00:05:31.360 and then you move your feet with the intention of wudu, 00:05:31.360 --> 00:05:34.180 the right then the left. 00:05:34.180 --> 00:05:37.680 It is prescribed for the one who performs wudu to pray two rak'ahs, 00:05:37.680 --> 00:05:40.079 which are called the Sunnah of wudu. 00:05:40.079 --> 00:05:43.379 If one prays the regular confirmed Sunnah (rawatib) after wudu, 00:05:43.379 --> 00:05:46.360 it suffices instead of the Sunnah of wudu. 00:05:46.360 --> 00:05:49.959 It is sufficient to run water over a thick beard, 00:05:49.959 --> 00:05:52.560 but running one's wet fingers through it is superior. 00:05:52.560 --> 00:05:55.560 The Prophet, peace be upon him, did 00:05:55.560 --> 00:05:57.360 both of these. 00:05:57.360 --> 00:06:01.459 If one runs his fingers through it and rubs it, that is superior. 00:06:01.459 --> 00:06:05.259 However, if the beard is sparse and does not conceal the skin, 00:06:05.259 --> 00:06:08.980 then one must wash the skin along with the hair. 00:06:08.980 --> 00:06:13.500 Covering the 'awrah is not a condition for the validity of wudu. 00:06:13.500 --> 00:06:17.319 Wiping the neck is neither recommended nor prescribed. 00:06:17.319 --> 00:06:20.420 Whoever forgets to wipe his head and washes his feet, 00:06:20.420 --> 00:06:23.819 and then remembers before a long interval has passed, 00:06:23.819 --> 00:06:26.819 must wipe his head and ears 00:06:26.819 --> 00:06:29.639 and then wash his feet again. 00:06:29.639 --> 00:06:32.639 Whoever forgets to wash one of the limbs of wudu 00:06:32.639 --> 00:06:34.740 must repeat the wudu, 00:06:34.740 --> 00:06:37.639 and repeat the prayer if it was an obligatory one, 00:06:37.639 --> 00:06:40.959 because he prayed without valid wudu. 00:06:40.959 --> 00:06:45.060 Pronouncing the intention verbally for prayer and wudu is an innovation, 00:06:45.060 --> 00:06:48.860 because it was not transmitted from the Prophet, peace be upon him, 00:06:48.860 --> 00:06:50.660 nor from his Companions; 00:06:50.660 --> 00:06:52.750 hence, it is obligatory to abandon it. 00:06:52.750 --> 00:06:56.449 Wudu is obligatory for prayer, touching the Mus-haf, 00:06:56.449 --> 00:06:59.449 or performing Tawaf if one is in Makkah. 00:06:59.449 --> 00:07:02.550 As for someone who has incurred minor ritual impurity 00:07:02.550 --> 00:07:04.750 and does not intend to pray, 00:07:04.750 --> 00:07:06.750 he is not obliged to perform wudu; 00:07:06.750 --> 00:07:10.170 rather, when the prayer becomes due, he performs wudu. 00:07:10.170 --> 00:07:12.569 The person unable to use water 00:07:12.569 --> 00:07:16.160 has the same ruling as the one who finds no water. 00:07:16.160 --> 00:07:19.860 It was the prevailing practice of the Prophet, peace be upon him, 00:07:19.860 --> 00:07:22.259 that he would perform wudu for every prayer; 00:07:22.259 --> 00:07:24.459 then using the tooth-stick (siwak) was legislated for him, 00:07:24.459 --> 00:07:28.160 so he would pray two prayers with a single wudu. 00:07:28.160 --> 00:07:29.860 On the Day of the Conquest of Makkah, 00:07:29.860 --> 00:07:33.660 he prayed several prayers with a single wudu. 00:07:33.660 --> 00:07:35.860 Umar asked him about that, 00:07:35.860 --> 00:07:38.560 and he replied: "I did it deliberately," 00:07:38.560 --> 00:07:44.680 so that the people would know there is no harm in combining prayers with a single wudu. 00:07:44.680 --> 00:07:48.079 He used to combine two prayers with a single wudu 00:07:48.079 --> 00:07:51.079 during his travels, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:07:51.079 --> 00:07:53.339 as well as at other times. 00:07:53.339 --> 00:07:56.740 Wiping the ears during wudu is indispensable; 00:07:56.740 --> 00:07:59.860 it is an obligatory duty alongside wiping the head. 00:07:59.860 --> 00:08:02.160 A woman wipes her entire head, 00:08:02.160 --> 00:08:05.560 from the front of the hair to the back edge of the hairline; 00:08:05.560 --> 00:08:09.870 as for the hanging braids, they are not to be wiped. 00:08:09.870 --> 00:08:13.069 There is no harm in performing wudu before the prayer time enters, 00:08:13.069 --> 00:08:14.870 such as performing wudu for 'Asr 00:08:14.870 --> 00:08:17.560 and praying Maghrib with it. 00:08:17.660 --> 00:08:20.259 If one performs wudu for a supererogatory prayer 00:08:20.259 --> 00:08:23.060 and then prays an obligatory prayer with that wudu, 00:08:23.060 --> 00:08:25.839 there is no harm in doing so. 00:08:25.839 --> 00:08:31.629 There is no need to remove dentures during wudu. 00:08:31.629 --> 00:08:35.029 The sick person has several cases regarding purification: 00:08:35.029 --> 00:08:36.330 First: 00:08:36.330 --> 00:08:38.730 If his illness is minor, 00:08:38.730 --> 00:08:44.029 such that using water does not cause him to fear death, serious illness, 00:08:44.029 --> 00:08:49.230 delayed recovery, increased pain, or any severe harm— 00:08:49.230 --> 00:08:53.629 such as a headache, toothache, and the like— 00:08:53.629 --> 00:08:58.629 or if he is capable of using warm water without harm, 00:08:58.629 --> 00:09:01.429 then it is not permissible for him to perform tayammum, 00:09:01.429 --> 00:09:04.029 because tayammum is permitted to ward off harm, 00:09:04.029 --> 00:09:05.830 and he suffers no harm; 00:09:05.830 --> 00:09:08.230 moreover, he has access to water, 00:09:08.230 --> 00:09:10.830 so he is obligated to use it. 00:09:10.830 --> 00:09:12.029 Second: 00:09:12.029 --> 00:09:17.629 If he has an illness where he fears loss of life or loss of a limb, 00:09:17.629 --> 00:09:22.429 or the onset of an illness where loss of life or a limb is feared, 00:09:22.429 --> 00:09:24.330 or the loss of a bodily function, 00:09:24.330 --> 00:09:26.929 then it is permissible for him to perform tayammum, 00:09:26.929 --> 00:09:28.830 due to the saying of Allah the Exalted: 00:09:28.830 --> 00:09:31.629 "And do not kill yourselves." 00:09:31.629 --> 00:09:35.029 “O ye who believe! Squander not your wealth among yourselves in vanity, except it be a trade by mutual consent, and kill not one another. Lo! Allah is ever Merciful unto you.” (4:29) 00:09:35.029 --> 00:09:36.330 Third: 00:09:36.330 --> 00:09:40.529 If he has an illness that leaves him unable to move, 00:09:40.529 --> 00:09:43.330 and he finds no one to hand him water, 00:09:43.330 --> 00:09:45.529 it is permissible for him to perform tayammum. 00:09:45.529 --> 00:09:46.629 Fourth: 00:09:46.629 --> 00:09:49.830 One who has wounds, sores, or a fracture, 00:09:49.830 --> 00:09:52.830 or an illness wherein using water would harm him, 00:09:52.830 --> 00:09:54.029 and incurs major ritual impurity (janabah), 00:09:54.029 --> 00:09:57.730 is permitted to perform tayammum based on the aforementioned evidence; 00:09:57.730 --> 00:10:00.830 however, if he is able to wash the healthy parts of his body, 00:10:00.830 --> 00:10:02.629 he must do so 00:10:02.629 --> 00:10:05.059 and perform tayammum for the remainder. 00:10:05.059 --> 00:10:06.460 Fifth: 00:10:06.559 --> 00:10:11.159 If the sick person is in a place where he finds neither water nor clean earth, 00:10:11.159 --> 00:10:14.259 nor anyone to bring him either of them, 00:10:14.259 --> 00:10:17.159 he prays according to his condition, 00:10:17.159 --> 00:10:19.559 and he may not delay the prayer, 00:10:19.559 --> 00:10:21.759 due to the saying of Allah, Glorified be He: 00:10:21.759 --> 00:10:25.019 “So keep your duty to Allah as best ye can, and listen, and obey, and spend; that is better for your souls. And whoso is saved from his own greed, such are the successful.” (64:16) 00:10:25.019 --> 00:10:26.419 Sixth: 00:10:26.419 --> 00:10:29.220 The sick person afflicted with continuous urinary incontinence, 00:10:29.220 --> 00:10:32.220 continuous bleeding, or constant passing of wind, 00:10:32.220 --> 00:10:34.419 and is not cured despite medical treatment, 00:10:34.519 --> 00:10:39.120 He must perform ablution for every prayer after its designated time begins, 00:10:39.120 --> 00:10:42.320 and wash off whatever touches his body and clothing, 00:10:42.320 --> 00:10:44.820 or designate a clean garment specifically for prayer 00:10:44.820 --> 00:10:46.820 if that is feasible for him, 00:10:46.820 --> 00:10:48.720 in accordance with the saying of Allah Almighty, 00:10:48.720 --> 00:10:52.120 “And strive for Allah with the endeavour which is His right. He hath chosen you and hath not laid upon you in religion any hardship; the faith of your father Abraham (is yours). He hath named you Muslims of old time and in this (Scripture), that the messenger may be a witness against you, and that ye may be witnesses against mankind. So establish worship, pay the poor-due, and hold fast to Allah. He is your Protecting friend. A blessed Patron and a blessed Helper!” (22:78) 00:10:52.120 --> 00:10:53.320 and His saying, 00:10:53.320 --> 00:10:55.320 “The month of Ramadan in which was revealed the Qur'an, a guidance for mankind, and clear proofs of the guidance, and the Criterion (of right and wrong). And whosoever of you is present, let him fast the month, and whosoever of you is sick or on a journey, (let him fast the same) number of other days. Allah desireth for you ease; He desireth not hardship for you; and (He desireth) that ye should complete the period, and that ye should magnify Allah for having guided you, and that peradventure ye may be thankful.” (2:185) 00:10:55.320 --> 00:10:57.820 “The month of Ramadan in which was revealed the Qur'an, a guidance for mankind, and clear proofs of the guidance, and the Criterion (of right and wrong). And whosoever of you is present, let him fast the month, and whosoever of you is sick or on a journey, (let him fast the same) number of other days. Allah desireth for you ease; He desireth not hardship for you; and (He desireth) that ye should complete the period, and that ye should magnify Allah for having guided you, and that peradventure ye may be thankful.” (2:185) 00:10:57.820 --> 00:11:00.820 and according to the saying of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him: 00:11:00.820 --> 00:11:02.820 "Whenever I command you to do something, 00:11:02.820 --> 00:11:05.419 fulfill as much of it as you can." 00:11:05.419 --> 00:11:07.419 Furthermore, he should take proper precautions for himself 00:11:07.419 --> 00:11:09.419 to prevent the spread of urine or blood 00:11:09.419 --> 00:11:11.419 onto his clothing or his body, 00:11:11.419 --> 00:11:13.419 or onto the place of his prayer. 00:11:13.419 --> 00:11:17.120 Tayammum (dry ablution) is invalidated by everything that invalidates standard wudu, 00:11:17.120 --> 00:11:19.720 as well as by gaining the ability to use water, 00:11:19.720 --> 00:11:22.519 or finding it if it was previously unavailable. 00:11:22.519 --> 00:11:25.500 And Allah is the grantor of success. 00:11:25.500 --> 00:11:28.600 Whoever has had some of his limbs of wudu amputated 00:11:28.600 --> 00:11:31.700 must wash his remaining limbs; 00:11:31.700 --> 00:11:32.899 as for the amputated part, 00:11:32.899 --> 00:11:35.879 he is under no obligation regarding it. 00:11:35.879 --> 00:11:40.580 If the person making wudu is in a place other than a restroom, 00:11:40.580 --> 00:11:43.080 he may greet others with salam and return their greetings, 00:11:43.080 --> 00:11:46.779 and he may answer questions while at the place of ablution, 00:11:46.779 --> 00:11:49.379 so long as it is not an actual restroom, 00:11:49.379 --> 00:11:52.139 and he may repeat the words of the call to prayer along with the mu'adhin. 00:11:52.139 --> 00:11:54.539 If someone prays on usurped land, 00:11:54.539 --> 00:11:57.039 or performs wudu with usurped water, 00:11:57.039 --> 00:11:59.539 or prays in a usurped garment, 00:11:59.539 --> 00:12:02.039 his prayer is valid, though he bears the sin. 00:12:02.039 --> 00:12:04.039 This is the weightier and most correct opinion. 00:12:04.039 --> 00:12:05.340 And the fiqh maxim states: 00:12:05.340 --> 00:12:09.139 Whatever prohibition is general and not specific to the prayer itself 00:12:09.139 --> 00:12:11.940 does not render the prayer invalid. 00:12:11.940 --> 00:12:15.340 Ablution is only valid if performed in the proper sequence; 00:12:15.340 --> 00:12:19.139 therefore, any prayer you offered with an out-of-order ablution 00:12:19.139 --> 00:12:22.539 you must repeat if you can identify it precisely. 00:12:22.539 --> 00:12:25.340 Otherwise, based on probability and careful estimation, 00:12:25.340 --> 00:12:29.940 repeat the prayers you think you performed with that faulty ablution, 00:12:30.039 --> 00:12:32.889 along with repentance and seeking Allah's forgiveness. 00:12:32.889 --> 00:12:36.889 If one interrupts the ablution for a brief interval by customary standards, 00:12:36.889 --> 00:12:39.889 while the washed limbs remain wet and have not dried, 00:12:39.889 --> 00:12:41.289 it causes no harm. 00:12:41.289 --> 00:12:43.490 But if the interruption is prolonged, 00:12:43.490 --> 00:12:47.090 such that the next limb is not washed until the preceding one has dried, 00:12:47.090 --> 00:12:49.809 one must restart the ablution from the very beginning. 00:12:49.809 --> 00:12:53.809 If a woman wraps her hair tightly around her head 00:12:53.809 --> 00:12:56.309 so that it sits like a skullcap, 00:12:56.309 --> 00:12:58.409 she must undo it 00:12:58.409 --> 00:13:01.610 in order to wipe the head properly over the hair roots, 00:13:01.610 --> 00:13:04.889 from the start of the hairline to its end. 00:13:04.889 --> 00:13:07.389 There is no harm if a woman wipes over her head 00:13:07.389 --> 00:13:11.139 while hair clips or pins are fastened in it. 00:13:11.139 --> 00:13:15.139 There is no prescribed supplication during the actions of wudu; 00:13:15.139 --> 00:13:18.240 rather, what is prescribed is to pronounce the Basmalah at its beginning, 00:13:18.240 --> 00:13:21.419 and then the testimony of faith (Tashahhud) at its end. 00:13:21.419 --> 00:13:24.419 The addition of "O Allah, make me of those who constantly repent, 00:13:24.419 --> 00:13:26.919 and make me of those who keep themselves pure" 00:13:26.919 --> 00:13:30.139 is an authentic addition. 00:13:30.139 --> 00:13:35.220 There is no harm or blame in drying off the water after wudu. 00:13:35.220 --> 00:13:37.720 As for the ablution of a disabled person with assistance, 00:13:37.720 --> 00:13:40.419 he may ask another person to perform wudu for him; 00:13:40.419 --> 00:13:43.919 the assistant washes his face, his arms, and so forth. 00:13:43.919 --> 00:13:46.220 If the use of water is too difficult for him, 00:13:46.220 --> 00:13:47.419 the assistant performs tayammum for him, 00:13:47.419 --> 00:13:49.519 wiping his face with clean earth 00:13:49.519 --> 00:13:51.320 and wiping his hands with clean earth, 00:13:51.320 --> 00:13:52.919 while the intention is made by the disabled person. 00:13:52.919 --> 00:13:56.019 The disabled person forms the intention while the assistant carries out the physical action; 00:13:56.019 --> 00:13:58.019 the intention comes from the disabled person, 00:13:58.019 --> 00:14:00.320 and the physical execution comes from the helper. 00:14:00.320 --> 00:14:02.740 This is what is obligatory. 00:14:02.740 --> 00:14:04.539 Inhaling water into the nose and rinsing the mouth 00:14:04.539 --> 00:14:07.240 are both indispensable parts of washing the face; 00:14:07.240 --> 00:14:08.840 for washing the face is not properly valid 00:14:08.840 --> 00:14:11.340 without rinsing the mouth and inhaling water into the nose, 00:14:11.340 --> 00:14:13.440 even if done only once. 00:14:13.440 --> 00:14:16.539 Thus, whoever omits inhaling water or rinsing the mouth, 00:14:16.539 --> 00:14:18.840 his ablution is invalid, 00:14:18.840 --> 00:14:21.940 and he must restart it from the very beginning. 00:14:21.940 --> 00:14:24.539 Juristic Preferences in Fiqh.