1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:03,200 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 2 00:00:05,160 --> 00:00:08,039 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari. 3 00:00:08,580 --> 00:00:12,740 Abridged by Dr. Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammari. 4 00:00:14,140 --> 00:00:16,260 Surah al-Zukhruf. 5 00:00:18,350 --> 00:00:22,750 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 6 00:00:22,750 --> 00:00:26,929 Ha-Mim. 7 00:00:26,929 --> 00:00:31,609 By the clear Book. 8 00:00:31,649 --> 00:00:41,460 “Lo! We have appointed it a Lecture, in Arabic that haply ye may understand.” (43:3) 9 00:00:41,460 --> 00:00:49,100 “And Lo! in the Source of Decrees, which We possess, it is indeed sublime, decisive.” (43:4) 10 00:00:49,100 --> 00:00:52,020 Ha-Mim. 11 00:00:52,020 --> 00:00:54,380 An oath from Allah, the Exalted. 12 00:00:54,380 --> 00:00:59,700 He swears by this clear Book for those who contemplate and reflect upon its expressions. 13 00:00:59,700 --> 00:01:03,539 We have made it an Arabic Qur'an. 14 00:01:03,700 --> 00:01:08,340 So that you may understand its meanings and the admonitions contained within it. 15 00:01:08,340 --> 00:01:14,219 And indeed, this Book is the source of the Mother of the Book from which this was transcribed. 16 00:01:14,219 --> 00:01:19,709 With Us, it is truly exalted and full of wisdom, its verses firmly established. 17 00:01:19,709 --> 00:01:30,230 “Shall We utterly ignore you because ye are a wanton folk?” (43:5) 18 00:01:31,159 --> 00:01:36,359 Shall We turn away from you and abandon you, O polytheists, because of what you assume? 19 00:01:36,359 --> 00:01:42,620 Shall We refrain from mentioning your punishment simply because you are a polytheistic people? 20 00:01:42,620 --> 00:01:50,180 “How many a prophet did We send among the men of old!” (43:6) 21 00:01:50,180 --> 00:01:58,739 “And never came there unto them a prophet but they used to mock him.” (43:7) 22 00:01:58,739 --> 00:02:08,400 “Then We destroyed men mightier than these in prowess; and the example of the men of old hath gone (before them).” (43:8) 23 00:02:08,400 --> 00:02:13,120 How many a prophet did We send, O Muhammad, among the generations of old? 24 00:02:13,120 --> 00:02:18,800 And no prophet ever came to a nation of the ancients, calling them to guidance, 25 00:02:18,800 --> 00:02:25,520 But they mocked him in derision, just as your people mock you, O Muhammad. 26 00:02:25,719 --> 00:02:31,360 So We destroyed those who were more powerful in might than these who mock their prophets. 27 00:02:31,360 --> 00:02:35,199 They could not escape Us with their strength and severity of power. 28 00:02:35,199 --> 00:02:39,800 Nor were they able to prevent Our punishment when it came upon them. 29 00:02:39,800 --> 00:02:46,000 So those who are weaker in strength than them are certainly unable to prevent it. 30 00:02:46,000 --> 00:02:53,800 The precedent of those who disbelieved in Our messengers has already passed for these polytheists who mock you. 31 00:02:53,800 --> 00:02:59,719 So let these people who mock you, O Muhammad, expect from Our punishment 32 00:02:59,719 --> 00:03:04,039 The like of what We brought upon those before them. 33 00:03:04,039 --> 00:03:09,960 And if you ask them who created the heavens and the earth, 34 00:03:09,960 --> 00:03:20,199 “And if thou (Muhammad) ask them: Who created the heavens and the earth, they will surely answer: The Mighty, the Knower created them;” (43:9) 35 00:03:20,199 --> 00:03:31,860 “Who made the earth a resting-place for you, and placed roads for you therein, that haply ye may find your way;” (43:10) 36 00:03:31,860 --> 00:03:36,259 And if you ask these polytheists of your people, O Muhammad, 37 00:03:36,259 --> 00:03:39,900 Who created the seven heavens and the earths, 38 00:03:39,900 --> 00:03:45,979 They will surely say: "The Almighty in His sovereignty and retribution against His enemies created them," 39 00:03:45,979 --> 00:03:49,740 The All-Knowing of them and all that they contain. 40 00:03:49,740 --> 00:03:52,139 He who made the earth a cradle for you, 41 00:03:52,139 --> 00:03:56,819 Making it a resting place upon which you walk with your feet, 42 00:03:56,819 --> 00:04:02,819 And He made for you paths therein so that you may travel from one land to another, 43 00:04:02,819 --> 00:04:09,099 So that you may be guided by those paths to the lands you desire. 44 00:04:09,099 --> 00:04:19,300 “And Who sendeth down water from the sky in (due) measure, and We revive a dead land therewith. Even so will ye be brought forth;” (43:11) 45 00:04:19,300 --> 00:04:30,360 And We revived a dead land with it; thus will you be brought forth. 46 00:04:30,360 --> 00:04:35,279 And He who sends down water from the sky in proportion to your need, 47 00:04:35,279 --> 00:04:39,160 Not making it like a flood that would be a torment, 48 00:04:39,160 --> 00:04:43,240 Nor making it so little that vegetation cannot grow from it, 49 00:04:43,240 --> 00:04:49,720 With it, We revived a land of yours that was barren, with no vegetation or crops. 50 00:04:49,720 --> 00:04:53,240 Just as We brought forth vegetation and crops with this water, 51 00:04:53,240 --> 00:04:58,480 So too, O people, will you be brought forth after your decay in the earth. 52 00:04:58,480 --> 00:05:09,540 “He Who created all the pairs, and appointed for you ships and cattle whereupon ye ride.” (43:12) 53 00:05:09,540 --> 00:05:17,139 “That ye may mount upon their backs, and may remember your Lord's favour when ye mount thereon, and may say: Glorified be He Who hath subdued these unto us, and we were not capable (of subduing them);” (43:13) 54 00:05:17,139 --> 00:05:30,779 “That ye may mount upon their backs, and may remember your Lord's favour when ye mount thereon, and may say: Glorified be He Who hath subdued these unto us, and we were not capable (of subduing them);” (43:13) 55 00:05:30,779 --> 00:05:38,290 “And lo! unto our Lord we surely are returning.” (43:14) 56 00:05:38,290 --> 00:05:41,610 And He who created all things in pairs, 57 00:05:41,649 --> 00:05:48,290 Creating males from females as pairs, and females from males as pairs. 58 00:05:48,290 --> 00:05:52,449 And He made for you ships that you ride upon the seas, 59 00:05:52,449 --> 00:05:55,850 And from the livestock, those you ride upon the land, 60 00:05:55,850 --> 00:05:59,410 Such as camels, horses, mules, and donkeys, 61 00:05:59,410 --> 00:06:02,569 So that you may sit firmly upon the backs of what you ride, 62 00:06:02,569 --> 00:06:08,449 Then remember the favor of your Lord by His subjecting them to you when you are seated upon them, 63 00:06:08,449 --> 00:06:11,050 And so that you may glorify and exalt Him, 64 00:06:11,089 --> 00:06:18,569 And say, "Exalted is Allah, who has subjected this to us, for we could not have attained it," 65 00:06:18,569 --> 00:06:21,569 Contrary to what the polytheists describe Him with. 66 00:06:21,569 --> 00:06:25,449 For we were not capable of it, nor could we have mastered it. 67 00:06:25,449 --> 00:06:32,339 And indeed, to our Lord, after our death, we shall return. 68 00:06:32,339 --> 00:06:36,660 “And they allot to Him a portion of His bondmen! Lo! man is verily a mere ingrate.” (43:15) 69 00:06:36,660 --> 00:06:44,819 “And they allot to Him a portion of His bondmen! Lo! man is verily a mere ingrate.” (43:15) 70 00:06:44,819 --> 00:06:54,160 “Or chooseth He daughters of all that He hath created, and honoureth He you with sons?” (43:16) 71 00:06:54,160 --> 00:06:58,920 And these polytheists have attributed to Allah a portion of His creation, 72 00:06:58,920 --> 00:07:02,870 By saying of the angels that they are the daughters of Allah. 73 00:07:02,870 --> 00:07:06,350 Indeed, man is clearly ungrateful for the blessings of his Lord. 74 00:07:06,389 --> 00:07:11,870 His ingratitude for the favors bestowed upon him is evident to anyone who contemplates it with the reflection of his heart. 75 00:07:11,870 --> 00:07:16,550 Has your Lord taken for Himself daughters from what He creates, O ignorant ones, 76 00:07:16,550 --> 00:07:21,240 And favored you with sons, making them for you? 77 00:07:21,240 --> 00:07:27,959 “And if one of them hath tidings of that which he likeneth to the Beneficent One, his countenance becometh black and he is full of inward rage.” (43:17) 78 00:07:27,959 --> 00:07:38,329 His face darkens, and he is filled with suppressed grief. 79 00:07:38,329 --> 00:07:43,050 And when one of these polytheists is given tidings of that which he attributes to Allah, 80 00:07:43,050 --> 00:07:48,970 Comparing Him to that which he describes—namely, that He has daughters— 81 00:07:48,970 --> 00:07:55,250 His face darkens from the distress of the news he received, and he is filled with sorrow. 82 00:07:55,290 --> 00:08:02,769 “(Liken they then to Allah) that which is bred up in outward show, and in dispute cannot make itself plain?” (43:18) 83 00:08:16,500 --> 00:08:24,500 And they have made the angels, who are servants of the Most Gracious, females. 84 00:08:24,500 --> 00:08:33,330 “And they make the angels, who are the slaves of the Beneficent, females. Did they witness their creation? Their testimony will be recorded and they will be questioned.” (43:19) 85 00:08:33,330 --> 00:08:39,049 And they have made the angels of Allah, who are His creation and His servants, the daughters of Allah. 86 00:08:39,049 --> 00:08:44,649 Did they witness their creation? That will be recorded, and their testimony will be questioned. 87 00:08:44,649 --> 00:08:47,850 And they will be asked about that testimony of theirs in the Hereafter. 88 00:08:47,850 --> 00:08:55,350 They are asked to bring proof of its truth, and they will never find a way to do so. 89 00:08:55,350 --> 00:09:08,350 And they said, "If the Most Gracious had willed, we would not have worshipped them." They have no knowledge of that; they are only lying. 90 00:09:08,350 --> 00:09:17,350 “Or have We given them any scripture before (this Qur'an) so that they are holding fast thereto?” (43:21) 91 00:09:17,350 --> 00:09:21,929 And these polytheists of Quraysh said, 92 00:09:21,929 --> 00:09:25,929 "If the Most Gracious had willed, we would not have worshipped our idols." 93 00:09:25,929 --> 00:09:31,929 And they claim that punishment did not befall us for worshipping them because He is pleased with us. 94 00:09:31,929 --> 00:09:35,929 They have no knowledge of the truth of what they say regarding that. 95 00:09:35,929 --> 00:09:39,929 They only say it out of conjecture and falsehood. 96 00:09:39,929 --> 00:09:49,929 We have not given these liars a book containing the truth of what they say before this Qur'an which We sent down to you, O Muhammad. 97 00:09:49,929 --> 00:09:53,929 So that they might hold fast to that book and act upon it. 98 00:09:55,659 --> 00:10:13,659 “Nay, for they say only: Lo! we found our fathers following a religion, and we are guided by their footprints.” (43:22) 99 00:10:13,659 --> 00:10:18,240 We have not given them any book from Us. 100 00:10:18,240 --> 00:10:26,240 But they said, "We found our fathers who were before us upon a religion and a path." 101 00:10:26,240 --> 00:10:33,240 "And we are following in the footsteps of our fathers, guided by their way." 102 00:10:49,230 --> 00:10:58,230 And just as these polytheists of Quraysh did, so did those before them from among the people of disbelief in Allah. 103 00:10:58,230 --> 00:11:00,230 And they said the same as they said. 104 00:11:00,230 --> 00:11:06,809 We did not send a messenger before you, O Muhammad, to the people of any town, 105 00:11:06,809 --> 00:11:10,809 But their leaders and elders said, 106 00:11:10,809 --> 00:11:14,809 "Indeed, we found our fathers upon a religion and a path." 107 00:11:14,809 --> 00:11:19,809 "And we are following their way and their tradition, imitating their deeds."