WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.200 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:05.160 --> 00:00:08.039 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari. 00:00:08.580 --> 00:00:12.740 Abridged by Dr. Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammari. 00:00:14.140 --> 00:00:16.260 Surah al-Zukhruf. 00:00:18.350 --> 00:00:22.750 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:22.750 --> 00:00:26.929 Ha-Mim. 00:00:26.929 --> 00:00:31.609 By the clear Book. 00:00:31.649 --> 00:00:41.460 “Lo! We have appointed it a Lecture, in Arabic that haply ye may understand.” (43:3) 00:00:41.460 --> 00:00:49.100 “And Lo! in the Source of Decrees, which We possess, it is indeed sublime, decisive.” (43:4) 00:00:49.100 --> 00:00:52.020 Ha-Mim. 00:00:52.020 --> 00:00:54.380 An oath from Allah, the Exalted. 00:00:54.380 --> 00:00:59.700 He swears by this clear Book for those who contemplate and reflect upon its expressions. 00:00:59.700 --> 00:01:03.539 We have made it an Arabic Qur'an. 00:01:03.700 --> 00:01:08.340 So that you may understand its meanings and the admonitions contained within it. 00:01:08.340 --> 00:01:14.219 And indeed, this Book is the source of the Mother of the Book from which this was transcribed. 00:01:14.219 --> 00:01:19.709 With Us, it is truly exalted and full of wisdom, its verses firmly established. 00:01:19.709 --> 00:01:30.230 “Shall We utterly ignore you because ye are a wanton folk?” (43:5) 00:01:31.159 --> 00:01:36.359 Shall We turn away from you and abandon you, O polytheists, because of what you assume? 00:01:36.359 --> 00:01:42.620 Shall We refrain from mentioning your punishment simply because you are a polytheistic people? 00:01:42.620 --> 00:01:50.180 “How many a prophet did We send among the men of old!” (43:6) 00:01:50.180 --> 00:01:58.739 “And never came there unto them a prophet but they used to mock him.” (43:7) 00:01:58.739 --> 00:02:08.400 “Then We destroyed men mightier than these in prowess; and the example of the men of old hath gone (before them).” (43:8) 00:02:08.400 --> 00:02:13.120 How many a prophet did We send, O Muhammad, among the generations of old? 00:02:13.120 --> 00:02:18.800 And no prophet ever came to a nation of the ancients, calling them to guidance, 00:02:18.800 --> 00:02:25.520 But they mocked him in derision, just as your people mock you, O Muhammad. 00:02:25.719 --> 00:02:31.360 So We destroyed those who were more powerful in might than these who mock their prophets. 00:02:31.360 --> 00:02:35.199 They could not escape Us with their strength and severity of power. 00:02:35.199 --> 00:02:39.800 Nor were they able to prevent Our punishment when it came upon them. 00:02:39.800 --> 00:02:46.000 So those who are weaker in strength than them are certainly unable to prevent it. 00:02:46.000 --> 00:02:53.800 The precedent of those who disbelieved in Our messengers has already passed for these polytheists who mock you. 00:02:53.800 --> 00:02:59.719 So let these people who mock you, O Muhammad, expect from Our punishment 00:02:59.719 --> 00:03:04.039 The like of what We brought upon those before them. 00:03:04.039 --> 00:03:09.960 And if you ask them who created the heavens and the earth, 00:03:09.960 --> 00:03:20.199 “And if thou (Muhammad) ask them: Who created the heavens and the earth, they will surely answer: The Mighty, the Knower created them;” (43:9) 00:03:20.199 --> 00:03:31.860 “Who made the earth a resting-place for you, and placed roads for you therein, that haply ye may find your way;” (43:10) 00:03:31.860 --> 00:03:36.259 And if you ask these polytheists of your people, O Muhammad, 00:03:36.259 --> 00:03:39.900 Who created the seven heavens and the earths, 00:03:39.900 --> 00:03:45.979 They will surely say: "The Almighty in His sovereignty and retribution against His enemies created them," 00:03:45.979 --> 00:03:49.740 The All-Knowing of them and all that they contain. 00:03:49.740 --> 00:03:52.139 He who made the earth a cradle for you, 00:03:52.139 --> 00:03:56.819 Making it a resting place upon which you walk with your feet, 00:03:56.819 --> 00:04:02.819 And He made for you paths therein so that you may travel from one land to another, 00:04:02.819 --> 00:04:09.099 So that you may be guided by those paths to the lands you desire. 00:04:09.099 --> 00:04:19.300 “And Who sendeth down water from the sky in (due) measure, and We revive a dead land therewith. Even so will ye be brought forth;” (43:11) 00:04:19.300 --> 00:04:30.360 And We revived a dead land with it; thus will you be brought forth. 00:04:30.360 --> 00:04:35.279 And He who sends down water from the sky in proportion to your need, 00:04:35.279 --> 00:04:39.160 Not making it like a flood that would be a torment, 00:04:39.160 --> 00:04:43.240 Nor making it so little that vegetation cannot grow from it, 00:04:43.240 --> 00:04:49.720 With it, We revived a land of yours that was barren, with no vegetation or crops. 00:04:49.720 --> 00:04:53.240 Just as We brought forth vegetation and crops with this water, 00:04:53.240 --> 00:04:58.480 So too, O people, will you be brought forth after your decay in the earth. 00:04:58.480 --> 00:05:09.540 “He Who created all the pairs, and appointed for you ships and cattle whereupon ye ride.” (43:12) 00:05:09.540 --> 00:05:17.139 “That ye may mount upon their backs, and may remember your Lord's favour when ye mount thereon, and may say: Glorified be He Who hath subdued these unto us, and we were not capable (of subduing them);” (43:13) 00:05:17.139 --> 00:05:30.779 “That ye may mount upon their backs, and may remember your Lord's favour when ye mount thereon, and may say: Glorified be He Who hath subdued these unto us, and we were not capable (of subduing them);” (43:13) 00:05:30.779 --> 00:05:38.290 “And lo! unto our Lord we surely are returning.” (43:14) 00:05:38.290 --> 00:05:41.610 And He who created all things in pairs, 00:05:41.649 --> 00:05:48.290 Creating males from females as pairs, and females from males as pairs. 00:05:48.290 --> 00:05:52.449 And He made for you ships that you ride upon the seas, 00:05:52.449 --> 00:05:55.850 And from the livestock, those you ride upon the land, 00:05:55.850 --> 00:05:59.410 Such as camels, horses, mules, and donkeys, 00:05:59.410 --> 00:06:02.569 So that you may sit firmly upon the backs of what you ride, 00:06:02.569 --> 00:06:08.449 Then remember the favor of your Lord by His subjecting them to you when you are seated upon them, 00:06:08.449 --> 00:06:11.050 And so that you may glorify and exalt Him, 00:06:11.089 --> 00:06:18.569 And say, "Exalted is Allah, who has subjected this to us, for we could not have attained it," 00:06:18.569 --> 00:06:21.569 Contrary to what the polytheists describe Him with. 00:06:21.569 --> 00:06:25.449 For we were not capable of it, nor could we have mastered it. 00:06:25.449 --> 00:06:32.339 And indeed, to our Lord, after our death, we shall return. 00:06:32.339 --> 00:06:36.660 “And they allot to Him a portion of His bondmen! Lo! man is verily a mere ingrate.” (43:15) 00:06:36.660 --> 00:06:44.819 “And they allot to Him a portion of His bondmen! Lo! man is verily a mere ingrate.” (43:15) 00:06:44.819 --> 00:06:54.160 “Or chooseth He daughters of all that He hath created, and honoureth He you with sons?” (43:16) 00:06:54.160 --> 00:06:58.920 And these polytheists have attributed to Allah a portion of His creation, 00:06:58.920 --> 00:07:02.870 By saying of the angels that they are the daughters of Allah. 00:07:02.870 --> 00:07:06.350 Indeed, man is clearly ungrateful for the blessings of his Lord. 00:07:06.389 --> 00:07:11.870 His ingratitude for the favors bestowed upon him is evident to anyone who contemplates it with the reflection of his heart. 00:07:11.870 --> 00:07:16.550 Has your Lord taken for Himself daughters from what He creates, O ignorant ones, 00:07:16.550 --> 00:07:21.240 And favored you with sons, making them for you? 00:07:21.240 --> 00:07:27.959 “And if one of them hath tidings of that which he likeneth to the Beneficent One, his countenance becometh black and he is full of inward rage.” (43:17) 00:07:27.959 --> 00:07:38.329 His face darkens, and he is filled with suppressed grief. 00:07:38.329 --> 00:07:43.050 And when one of these polytheists is given tidings of that which he attributes to Allah, 00:07:43.050 --> 00:07:48.970 Comparing Him to that which he describes—namely, that He has daughters— 00:07:48.970 --> 00:07:55.250 His face darkens from the distress of the news he received, and he is filled with sorrow. 00:07:55.290 --> 00:08:02.769 “(Liken they then to Allah) that which is bred up in outward show, and in dispute cannot make itself plain?” (43:18) 00:08:16.500 --> 00:08:24.500 And they have made the angels, who are servants of the Most Gracious, females. 00:08:24.500 --> 00:08:33.330 “And they make the angels, who are the slaves of the Beneficent, females. Did they witness their creation? Their testimony will be recorded and they will be questioned.” (43:19) 00:08:33.330 --> 00:08:39.049 And they have made the angels of Allah, who are His creation and His servants, the daughters of Allah. 00:08:39.049 --> 00:08:44.649 Did they witness their creation? That will be recorded, and their testimony will be questioned. 00:08:44.649 --> 00:08:47.850 And they will be asked about that testimony of theirs in the Hereafter. 00:08:47.850 --> 00:08:55.350 They are asked to bring proof of its truth, and they will never find a way to do so. 00:08:55.350 --> 00:09:08.350 And they said, "If the Most Gracious had willed, we would not have worshipped them." They have no knowledge of that; they are only lying. 00:09:08.350 --> 00:09:17.350 “Or have We given them any scripture before (this Qur'an) so that they are holding fast thereto?” (43:21) 00:09:17.350 --> 00:09:21.929 And these polytheists of Quraysh said, 00:09:21.929 --> 00:09:25.929 "If the Most Gracious had willed, we would not have worshipped our idols." 00:09:25.929 --> 00:09:31.929 And they claim that punishment did not befall us for worshipping them because He is pleased with us. 00:09:31.929 --> 00:09:35.929 They have no knowledge of the truth of what they say regarding that. 00:09:35.929 --> 00:09:39.929 They only say it out of conjecture and falsehood. 00:09:39.929 --> 00:09:49.929 We have not given these liars a book containing the truth of what they say before this Qur'an which We sent down to you, O Muhammad. 00:09:49.929 --> 00:09:53.929 So that they might hold fast to that book and act upon it. 00:09:55.659 --> 00:10:13.659 “Nay, for they say only: Lo! we found our fathers following a religion, and we are guided by their footprints.” (43:22) 00:10:13.659 --> 00:10:18.240 We have not given them any book from Us. 00:10:18.240 --> 00:10:26.240 But they said, "We found our fathers who were before us upon a religion and a path." 00:10:26.240 --> 00:10:33.240 "And we are following in the footsteps of our fathers, guided by their way." 00:10:49.230 --> 00:10:58.230 And just as these polytheists of Quraysh did, so did those before them from among the people of disbelief in Allah. 00:10:58.230 --> 00:11:00.230 And they said the same as they said. 00:11:00.230 --> 00:11:06.809 We did not send a messenger before you, O Muhammad, to the people of any town, 00:11:06.809 --> 00:11:10.809 But their leaders and elders said, 00:11:10.809 --> 00:11:14.809 "Indeed, we found our fathers upon a religion and a path." 00:11:14.809 --> 00:11:19.809 "And we are following their way and their tradition, imitating their deeds."