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In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

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A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari.

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Abridged by Dr. 'Aqil ibn Salim al-Shamr.

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Surah al-Nazi'at.

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In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

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By those who extract with violence.

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By those who release with ease.

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By those who swim along.

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And those who race ahead in the race.

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And those who arrange the command.

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On the day the quaking one quakes.

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Followed by the succeeding one.

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Hearts that day will be trembling.

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Their eyes humbled.

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Our Lord, may His majesty be exalted, swore by those who extract with violence.

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He did not specify one type of extractor over another.

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Thus, every extractor that pulls with violence is included in His oath.

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Whether it be an angel or death.

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Or a star or a bow.

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Or anything else.

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And He swore by those who release with ease.

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These are those that move from one place to another.

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Proceeding toward it.

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Allah did not specify this to one thing over another.

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Rather, the oath encompasses all those that release.

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The angels move from one place to another.

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Likewise does death.

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And likewise do the stars.

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And He swore by those of His creation who swim along.

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Death swims within the soul of the son of Adam.

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And the stars swim in their orbits.

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Allah did not specify some of these over others.

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Thus, it applies to every swimmer.

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And He swore by those who race ahead.

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The angels and the horses are racers.

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And the stars outpace one another in their movement.

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Thus, it applies to every racer.

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And He swore by the angels who arrange the command as they have been ordered by Allah.

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On the day the earth and the mountains quake at the first blast.

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Followed by another that succeeds the first.

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Hearts of His creation on that day.

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Will be fearful of the immense terror that has descended.

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The eyes of their owners will be downcast due to the gloom that has overcome them.

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From the immense terror of that day.

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They will say, "Are we really being returned to our former state?"

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“Even after we are crumbled bones?” (79:11)

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“They say: Then that would be a vain proceeding.” (79:12)

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It will be but a single blast.

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And suddenly they will be upon the surface of the earth.

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These people who deny the Resurrection will say:

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"Are we really being returned to our original state before death?"

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"And returning to life as we were before we died?"

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"That return is now a return of loss."

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It will be but a single shout.

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And suddenly these deniers of the Resurrection will be upon the surface of the earth.

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Which is the face of the earth.

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Has the hadith of Musa reached you?

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When his Lord called to him in the sacred valley of Tuwa.

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"Go to Pharaoh, for he has transgressed."

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“And say (unto him): Hast thou (will) to grow (in grace)?” (79:18)

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“Then I will guide thee to thy Lord and thou shalt fear (Him).” (79:19)

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Has the hadith of Musa ibn 'Imran reached you, O Muhammad?

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And have you heard his story when his Lord spoke to him in the purified, blessed valley?

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Regarding "Tuwa," some said it is the name of the valley.

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Others said it means "tread the ground barefoot."

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Others said the valley was sanctified twice.

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"Go to Pharaoh, for he has acted with tyranny and exceeded his bounds in hostility."

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And in arrogance toward his Lord.

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"Say to him: 'Would you like to purify yourself from the filth of disbelief and believe in your Lord?'"

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"'And would you like for me to guide you to what will make your Lord pleased with you?'"

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"'So that you may fear His punishment by performing the obligations He has laid upon you.'"

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"'And by refraining from the acts of disobedience He has forbidden you.'"

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Then he showed him the greatest sign.

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But he denied and disobeyed.

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Then he turned his back, striving.

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Then he gathered his people and called out.

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“And proclaimed: "I (Pharaoh) am your Lord the Highest."” (79:24)

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“So Allah seized him (and made him) an example for the after (life) and for the former.” (79:25)

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“Lo! herein is indeed a lesson for him who feareth.” (79:26)

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Musa showed Pharaoh the greatest proof that he was a messenger sent to him by Allah.

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But Pharaoh denied Musa regarding the miraculous signs he brought.

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And he disobeyed him in what he commanded him regarding obeying his Lord and fearing Him.

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Then he turned away, acting in disobedience to Allah.

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And in what angers Him.

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He gathered his people and followers, then called out to them and said:

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"I am your lord, and there is no lord other than me."

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So Allah punished him with the punishment of the Hereafter for his statement.

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Which is his saying, "I am your lord, the Most High."

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And the first was his statement.

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“And Pharaoh said: O chiefs! I know not that ye have a god other than me, so kindle for me (a fire), O Haman, to bake the mud; and set up for me a lofty tower in order that I may survey the god of Moses; and lo! I deem him of the liars.” (28:38)

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Others said:

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Rather, He meant by that...

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So Allah seized him with the punishment of this world and the Hereafter.

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Indeed, in the punishment with which Allah punished Pharaoh in this fleeting world.

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And in His seizing of him.

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Is a lesson and a warning for whoever fears Allah and dreads His punishment.

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“Are ye the harder to create, or is the heaven that He built?” (79:27)

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He constructed it.

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He raised its ceiling and proportioned it.

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“And He made dark the night thereof, and He brought forth the morn thereof.” (79:29)

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Are you, O people, a more difficult creation, or is the heaven?

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Your Lord constructed it, and He proportioned the heaven.

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Nothing is higher than anything else.

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And nothing is lower than anything else.

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Rather, all of it is uniform in height and extension.

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For He who constructed the heaven and raised it as a ceiling.

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Finds your creation and the creation of those like you easy.

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And your resurrection after your death.

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Your creation after your death is not more difficult than the creation of the heaven.

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He darkened the night of the heaven and brought forth its day, making it manifest.

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And He brightened its morning.

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“And after that He spread the earth,” (79:30)

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“And produced therefrom the water thereof and the pasture thereof,” (79:31)

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And the mountains He set firm.

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“And after that He spread the earth,” (79:30)

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He caused its rivers to flow and its vegetation to grow.

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And He brought forth from it its water and its pasture.

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As a benefit for us and a provision for a time.

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And the mountains He established therein.

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As a provision for you and your livestock.

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Meaning that He created these things.

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As a benefit for us and a provision for a time.

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But when the greatest catastrophe comes.

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“The day when man will call to mind his (whole) endeavour,” (79:35)

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“And hell will stand forth visible to him who seeth,” (79:36)

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When that which overwhelms every terrifying matter comes.

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And submerges everything else with its immense terror.

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Man will remember what he did in the world of good and evil.

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That is his striving.

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And Hell will be made manifest to the eyes of those who see.

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So as for he who transgressed.

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And preferred the life of this world.

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“Lo! hell will be his home.” (79:39)

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As for he who acted with tyranny toward his Lord and disobeyed Him.

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And grew arrogant toward His worship.

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And preferred the enjoyment of the life of this world over the honor of the Hereafter.

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And what Allah has prepared therein for His allies.

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So he worked for the world and strove for it.

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And abandoned working for the Hereafter.

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Then the Fire of Allah, which is called Hell.

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Is his dwelling and abode.

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And his destination to which he will return on the Day of Resurrection.

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But as for he who feared the position of his Lord.

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“But as for him who feared to stand before his Lord and restrained his soul from lust,” (79:40)

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“Lo! the Garden will be his home.” (79:41)

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As for he who feared being questioned by Allah.

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When he stands before Him on the Day of Resurrection.

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And feared Him by performing His obligations and refraining from His disobedience.

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And restrained his soul from its desires in what Allah dislikes.

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And does not approve of from it.

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So he forbade it from that.

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And opposed its desires in favor of what his Lord commanded him.

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Then Paradise is his abode and dwelling on the Day of Resurrection.

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They ask you about the Hour, when is its arrival?

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In what capacity are you mentioning it?

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To your Lord is its finality.

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“Thou art but a warner unto him who feareth it.” (79:45)

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“On the day when they behold it, it will be as if they had but tarried for an evening or the morn thereof.” (79:46)

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These deniers of the Resurrection ask you, O Muhammad.

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About the Hour in which the dead will be resurrected from their graves.

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When is its arrival?

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When will it be established and appear?

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What knowledge do you have to mention the Hour and inquire about its state?

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To your Lord is the finality of its knowledge.

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Meaning, to Him alone the knowledge of the Hour ends.

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No one knows the time of its establishment except Him.

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You are only a messenger sent to warn of the Hour.

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To those who fear the punishment of Allah therein for their crimes.

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So leave what you have not been tasked to know.

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And act according to what you have been commanded regarding warning those you were ordered to warn.

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It will be as if these deniers of the Hour.

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On the day they see that the Hour has arrived.

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Due to its immense terror, they had not remained in the world except for an evening.

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Or the morning of that evening.

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A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari.