WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.160 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:05.209 --> 00:00:08.050 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari. 00:00:08.599 --> 00:00:12.679 Abridged by Dr. 'Aqil ibn Salim al-Shamr. 00:00:12.919 --> 00:00:16.519 Surah al-Nazi'at. 00:00:16.760 --> 00:00:23.300 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:23.300 --> 00:00:27.100 By those who extract with violence. 00:00:27.100 --> 00:00:31.359 By those who release with ease. 00:00:31.359 --> 00:00:34.280 By those who swim along. 00:00:34.520 --> 00:00:37.439 And those who race ahead in the race. 00:00:37.439 --> 00:00:40.320 And those who arrange the command. 00:00:40.320 --> 00:00:43.280 On the day the quaking one quakes. 00:00:43.280 --> 00:00:45.799 Followed by the succeeding one. 00:00:45.799 --> 00:00:51.240 Hearts that day will be trembling. 00:00:51.240 --> 00:00:53.920 Their eyes humbled. 00:00:55.240 --> 00:00:59.600 Our Lord, may His majesty be exalted, swore by those who extract with violence. 00:00:59.600 --> 00:01:02.960 He did not specify one type of extractor over another. 00:01:03.039 --> 00:01:07.159 Thus, every extractor that pulls with violence is included in His oath. 00:01:07.159 --> 00:01:09.519 Whether it be an angel or death. 00:01:09.519 --> 00:01:11.560 Or a star or a bow. 00:01:11.560 --> 00:01:13.400 Or anything else. 00:01:13.400 --> 00:01:16.120 And He swore by those who release with ease. 00:01:16.120 --> 00:01:19.400 These are those that move from one place to another. 00:01:19.400 --> 00:01:21.120 Proceeding toward it. 00:01:21.120 --> 00:01:24.920 Allah did not specify this to one thing over another. 00:01:24.920 --> 00:01:28.079 Rather, the oath encompasses all those that release. 00:01:28.079 --> 00:01:31.920 The angels move from one place to another. 00:01:31.959 --> 00:01:33.680 Likewise does death. 00:01:33.680 --> 00:01:36.060 And likewise do the stars. 00:01:36.060 --> 00:01:39.620 And He swore by those of His creation who swim along. 00:01:39.620 --> 00:01:42.540 Death swims within the soul of the son of Adam. 00:01:42.540 --> 00:01:45.260 And the stars swim in their orbits. 00:01:45.260 --> 00:01:49.340 Allah did not specify some of these over others. 00:01:49.340 --> 00:01:52.040 Thus, it applies to every swimmer. 00:01:52.040 --> 00:01:54.159 And He swore by those who race ahead. 00:01:54.159 --> 00:01:57.120 The angels and the horses are racers. 00:01:57.120 --> 00:02:00.760 And the stars outpace one another in their movement. 00:02:00.799 --> 00:02:03.379 Thus, it applies to every racer. 00:02:03.379 --> 00:02:08.699 And He swore by the angels who arrange the command as they have been ordered by Allah. 00:02:08.699 --> 00:02:12.819 On the day the earth and the mountains quake at the first blast. 00:02:12.819 --> 00:02:16.300 Followed by another that succeeds the first. 00:02:16.300 --> 00:02:18.979 Hearts of His creation on that day. 00:02:18.979 --> 00:02:22.180 Will be fearful of the immense terror that has descended. 00:02:22.180 --> 00:02:26.900 The eyes of their owners will be downcast due to the gloom that has overcome them. 00:02:26.900 --> 00:02:31.110 From the immense terror of that day. 00:02:31.150 --> 00:02:36.550 They will say, "Are we really being returned to our former state?" 00:02:36.550 --> 00:02:41.909 “Even after we are crumbled bones?” (79:11) 00:02:41.909 --> 00:02:47.150 “They say: Then that would be a vain proceeding.” (79:12) 00:02:47.150 --> 00:02:52.750 It will be but a single blast. 00:02:52.750 --> 00:02:57.819 And suddenly they will be upon the surface of the earth. 00:02:57.819 --> 00:03:01.259 These people who deny the Resurrection will say: 00:03:01.259 --> 00:03:05.699 "Are we really being returned to our original state before death?" 00:03:05.699 --> 00:03:10.180 "And returning to life as we were before we died?" 00:03:10.180 --> 00:03:13.900 "That return is now a return of loss." 00:03:13.900 --> 00:03:16.699 It will be but a single shout. 00:03:16.699 --> 00:03:20.740 And suddenly these deniers of the Resurrection will be upon the surface of the earth. 00:03:20.740 --> 00:03:23.819 Which is the face of the earth. 00:03:23.819 --> 00:03:27.060 Has the hadith of Musa reached you? 00:03:27.060 --> 00:03:32.300 When his Lord called to him in the sacred valley of Tuwa. 00:03:32.300 --> 00:03:37.139 "Go to Pharaoh, for he has transgressed." 00:03:37.139 --> 00:03:41.659 “And say (unto him): Hast thou (will) to grow (in grace)?” (79:18) 00:03:41.659 --> 00:03:46.930 “Then I will guide thee to thy Lord and thou shalt fear (Him).” (79:19) 00:03:46.930 --> 00:03:50.969 Has the hadith of Musa ibn 'Imran reached you, O Muhammad? 00:03:50.969 --> 00:03:56.849 And have you heard his story when his Lord spoke to him in the purified, blessed valley? 00:03:56.849 --> 00:04:00.770 Regarding "Tuwa," some said it is the name of the valley. 00:04:00.770 --> 00:04:04.849 Others said it means "tread the ground barefoot." 00:04:04.849 --> 00:04:10.930 Others said the valley was sanctified twice. 00:04:10.930 --> 00:04:16.410 "Go to Pharaoh, for he has acted with tyranny and exceeded his bounds in hostility." 00:04:16.410 --> 00:04:18.769 And in arrogance toward his Lord. 00:04:18.769 --> 00:04:25.209 "Say to him: 'Would you like to purify yourself from the filth of disbelief and believe in your Lord?'" 00:04:25.209 --> 00:04:29.569 "'And would you like for me to guide you to what will make your Lord pleased with you?'" 00:04:29.569 --> 00:04:33.970 "'So that you may fear His punishment by performing the obligations He has laid upon you.'" 00:04:33.970 --> 00:04:38.579 "'And by refraining from the acts of disobedience He has forbidden you.'" 00:04:38.579 --> 00:04:41.939 Then he showed him the greatest sign. 00:04:41.939 --> 00:04:44.300 But he denied and disobeyed. 00:04:44.300 --> 00:04:47.699 Then he turned his back, striving. 00:04:47.699 --> 00:04:50.139 Then he gathered his people and called out. 00:04:50.139 --> 00:04:53.699 “And proclaimed: "I (Pharaoh) am your Lord the Highest."” (79:24) 00:04:53.699 --> 00:04:58.899 “So Allah seized him (and made him) an example for the after (life) and for the former.” (79:25) 00:04:58.899 --> 00:05:06.980 “Lo! herein is indeed a lesson for him who feareth.” (79:26) 00:05:06.980 --> 00:05:13.779 Musa showed Pharaoh the greatest proof that he was a messenger sent to him by Allah. 00:05:13.779 --> 00:05:18.740 But Pharaoh denied Musa regarding the miraculous signs he brought. 00:05:18.740 --> 00:05:24.860 And he disobeyed him in what he commanded him regarding obeying his Lord and fearing Him. 00:05:24.860 --> 00:05:28.300 Then he turned away, acting in disobedience to Allah. 00:05:28.339 --> 00:05:30.899 And in what angers Him. 00:05:30.899 --> 00:05:35.939 He gathered his people and followers, then called out to them and said: 00:05:35.939 --> 00:05:40.610 "I am your lord, and there is no lord other than me." 00:05:40.610 --> 00:05:44.730 So Allah punished him with the punishment of the Hereafter for his statement. 00:05:44.730 --> 00:05:48.370 Which is his saying, "I am your lord, the Most High." 00:05:48.370 --> 00:05:50.050 And the first was his statement. 00:05:50.050 --> 00:05:53.449 “And Pharaoh said: O chiefs! I know not that ye have a god other than me, so kindle for me (a fire), O Haman, to bake the mud; and set up for me a lofty tower in order that I may survey the god of Moses; and lo! I deem him of the liars.” (28:38) 00:05:53.449 --> 00:05:55.209 Others said: 00:05:55.209 --> 00:05:56.970 Rather, He meant by that... 00:05:57.009 --> 00:06:00.949 So Allah seized him with the punishment of this world and the Hereafter. 00:06:00.949 --> 00:06:06.029 Indeed, in the punishment with which Allah punished Pharaoh in this fleeting world. 00:06:06.029 --> 00:06:08.029 And in His seizing of him. 00:06:08.029 --> 00:06:13.620 Is a lesson and a warning for whoever fears Allah and dreads His punishment. 00:06:13.620 --> 00:06:20.139 “Are ye the harder to create, or is the heaven that He built?” (79:27) 00:06:20.139 --> 00:06:21.819 He constructed it. 00:06:21.819 --> 00:06:25.379 He raised its ceiling and proportioned it. 00:06:25.379 --> 00:06:31.300 “And He made dark the night thereof, and He brought forth the morn thereof.” (79:29) 00:06:31.300 --> 00:06:35.939 Are you, O people, a more difficult creation, or is the heaven? 00:06:35.939 --> 00:06:39.220 Your Lord constructed it, and He proportioned the heaven. 00:06:39.220 --> 00:06:41.579 Nothing is higher than anything else. 00:06:41.579 --> 00:06:44.220 And nothing is lower than anything else. 00:06:44.220 --> 00:06:48.779 Rather, all of it is uniform in height and extension. 00:06:48.779 --> 00:06:52.259 For He who constructed the heaven and raised it as a ceiling. 00:06:52.259 --> 00:06:56.019 Finds your creation and the creation of those like you easy. 00:06:56.019 --> 00:06:59.050 And your resurrection after your death. 00:06:59.050 --> 00:07:04.569 Your creation after your death is not more difficult than the creation of the heaven. 00:07:04.569 --> 00:07:09.089 He darkened the night of the heaven and brought forth its day, making it manifest. 00:07:09.089 --> 00:07:12.060 And He brightened its morning. 00:07:12.060 --> 00:07:15.939 “And after that He spread the earth,” (79:30) 00:07:15.939 --> 00:07:21.259 “And produced therefrom the water thereof and the pasture thereof,” (79:31) 00:07:21.259 --> 00:07:25.259 And the mountains He set firm. 00:07:25.300 --> 00:07:28.100 “And after that He spread the earth,” (79:30) 00:07:28.100 --> 00:07:31.819 He caused its rivers to flow and its vegetation to grow. 00:07:31.819 --> 00:07:34.540 And He brought forth from it its water and its pasture. 00:07:34.540 --> 00:07:38.139 As a benefit for us and a provision for a time. 00:07:38.139 --> 00:07:41.959 And the mountains He established therein. 00:07:41.959 --> 00:07:46.759 As a provision for you and your livestock. 00:07:46.759 --> 00:07:49.959 Meaning that He created these things. 00:07:49.959 --> 00:07:54.459 As a benefit for us and a provision for a time. 00:07:54.459 --> 00:08:03.290 But when the greatest catastrophe comes. 00:08:03.290 --> 00:08:08.449 “The day when man will call to mind his (whole) endeavour,” (79:35) 00:08:08.449 --> 00:08:14.680 “And hell will stand forth visible to him who seeth,” (79:36) 00:08:14.680 --> 00:08:19.439 When that which overwhelms every terrifying matter comes. 00:08:19.439 --> 00:08:23.120 And submerges everything else with its immense terror. 00:08:23.120 --> 00:08:27.680 Man will remember what he did in the world of good and evil. 00:08:27.680 --> 00:08:29.600 That is his striving. 00:08:29.600 --> 00:08:34.250 And Hell will be made manifest to the eyes of those who see. 00:08:34.250 --> 00:08:37.970 So as for he who transgressed. 00:08:37.970 --> 00:08:41.330 And preferred the life of this world. 00:08:41.330 --> 00:08:46.870 “Lo! hell will be his home.” (79:39) 00:08:46.870 --> 00:08:49.750 As for he who acted with tyranny toward his Lord and disobeyed Him. 00:08:49.750 --> 00:08:51.990 And grew arrogant toward His worship. 00:08:51.990 --> 00:08:56.470 And preferred the enjoyment of the life of this world over the honor of the Hereafter. 00:08:56.470 --> 00:08:59.830 And what Allah has prepared therein for His allies. 00:08:59.830 --> 00:09:02.750 So he worked for the world and strove for it. 00:09:02.750 --> 00:09:05.230 And abandoned working for the Hereafter. 00:09:05.230 --> 00:09:08.429 Then the Fire of Allah, which is called Hell. 00:09:08.429 --> 00:09:10.710 Is his dwelling and abode. 00:09:10.710 --> 00:09:15.720 And his destination to which he will return on the Day of Resurrection. 00:09:15.720 --> 00:09:19.759 But as for he who feared the position of his Lord. 00:09:19.759 --> 00:09:23.639 “But as for him who feared to stand before his Lord and restrained his soul from lust,” (79:40) 00:09:23.639 --> 00:09:30.100 “Lo! the Garden will be his home.” (79:41) 00:09:30.100 --> 00:09:32.820 As for he who feared being questioned by Allah. 00:09:32.820 --> 00:09:36.539 When he stands before Him on the Day of Resurrection. 00:09:36.539 --> 00:09:41.019 And feared Him by performing His obligations and refraining from His disobedience. 00:09:41.019 --> 00:09:44.539 And restrained his soul from its desires in what Allah dislikes. 00:09:44.539 --> 00:09:46.539 And does not approve of from it. 00:09:46.539 --> 00:09:48.740 So he forbade it from that. 00:09:48.779 --> 00:09:52.899 And opposed its desires in favor of what his Lord commanded him. 00:09:52.899 --> 00:09:58.539 Then Paradise is his abode and dwelling on the Day of Resurrection. 00:09:58.539 --> 00:10:03.700 They ask you about the Hour, when is its arrival? 00:10:03.700 --> 00:10:08.740 In what capacity are you mentioning it? 00:10:08.740 --> 00:10:13.019 To your Lord is its finality. 00:10:13.019 --> 00:10:20.830 “Thou art but a warner unto him who feareth it.” (79:45) 00:10:20.830 --> 00:10:31.100 “On the day when they behold it, it will be as if they had but tarried for an evening or the morn thereof.” (79:46) 00:10:31.100 --> 00:10:35.259 These deniers of the Resurrection ask you, O Muhammad. 00:10:35.259 --> 00:10:39.659 About the Hour in which the dead will be resurrected from their graves. 00:10:39.700 --> 00:10:41.700 When is its arrival? 00:10:41.700 --> 00:10:44.769 When will it be established and appear? 00:10:44.769 --> 00:10:49.649 What knowledge do you have to mention the Hour and inquire about its state? 00:10:49.649 --> 00:10:52.450 To your Lord is the finality of its knowledge. 00:10:52.450 --> 00:10:55.649 Meaning, to Him alone the knowledge of the Hour ends. 00:10:55.649 --> 00:10:58.610 No one knows the time of its establishment except Him. 00:10:58.610 --> 00:11:02.409 You are only a messenger sent to warn of the Hour. 00:11:02.409 --> 00:11:06.409 To those who fear the punishment of Allah therein for their crimes. 00:11:06.409 --> 00:11:08.809 So leave what you have not been tasked to know. 00:11:08.809 --> 00:11:13.740 And act according to what you have been commanded regarding warning those you were ordered to warn. 00:11:13.740 --> 00:11:16.980 It will be as if these deniers of the Hour. 00:11:16.980 --> 00:11:20.019 On the day they see that the Hour has arrived. 00:11:20.019 --> 00:11:25.299 Due to its immense terror, they had not remained in the world except for an evening. 00:11:25.299 --> 00:11:29.720 Or the morning of that evening. 00:11:29.720 --> 00:11:33.799 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari.