1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:03,240 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 2 00:00:04,339 --> 00:00:06,219 Mawaddah Association 3 00:00:06,219 --> 00:00:07,700 presents: 4 00:00:07,700 --> 00:00:10,980 The Ten Promised Paradise 5 00:00:10,980 --> 00:00:15,630 Uthman ibn Affan, 6 00:00:15,630 --> 00:00:17,589 may Allah be pleased with him. 7 00:00:17,589 --> 00:00:22,510 Loving the Companions and the Prophet's kin is an established Sunnah, 8 00:00:22,510 --> 00:00:27,480 which I shall present to my Lord when He resurrects me. 9 00:00:27,480 --> 00:00:30,629 Love for the Companions and the Prophet's kin— 10 00:00:30,670 --> 00:00:33,509 indeed, he was the foremost youth of Quraysh, 11 00:00:33,509 --> 00:00:35,869 its revered nobleman, 12 00:00:35,869 --> 00:00:38,509 possessing inherently noble manners, 13 00:00:38,509 --> 00:00:40,950 boasting high lineage among his people, 14 00:00:40,950 --> 00:00:44,280 and beloved by all his clan. 15 00:00:44,280 --> 00:00:46,520 Even women from Quraysh, 16 00:00:46,520 --> 00:00:50,359 when bouncing their young children, would say: 17 00:00:50,359 --> 00:00:52,520 "By the Most Merciful, I love you 18 00:00:52,520 --> 00:00:55,329 as Quraysh loves Uthman!" 19 00:00:55,329 --> 00:00:58,049 So who was this Uthman? 20 00:00:58,049 --> 00:01:00,490 He was Uthman ibn Affan, 21 00:01:00,530 --> 00:01:02,490 son of Abi al-As, son of Umayyah, 22 00:01:02,490 --> 00:01:04,209 son of Abd Shams, 23 00:01:04,209 --> 00:01:06,969 son of Abd Manaf, son of Qusay. 24 00:01:06,969 --> 00:01:09,849 Thus, he belonged to Banu Umayyah 25 00:01:09,849 --> 00:01:13,129 and met in lineage with the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 26 00:01:13,129 --> 00:01:16,170 at his fourth grandfather, Abd Manaf. 27 00:01:16,170 --> 00:01:19,170 Therefore, he is the closest of the Ten Promised Paradise 28 00:01:19,170 --> 00:01:22,810 in lineage to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 29 00:01:22,810 --> 00:01:26,040 after Ali, may Allah be pleased with him. 30 00:01:26,040 --> 00:01:29,640 Uthman's mother was Arwa bint Kurayz, 31 00:01:29,640 --> 00:01:33,200 and Arwa's mother was Umm Hakim al-Bayda', 32 00:01:33,200 --> 00:01:35,159 daughter of Abd al-Muttalib, 33 00:01:35,159 --> 00:01:36,959 the twin sister of Abdullah, 34 00:01:36,959 --> 00:01:41,510 father of the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 35 00:01:41,510 --> 00:01:43,870 Thus, Uthman, may Allah be pleased with him, 36 00:01:43,870 --> 00:01:48,310 was the son of the Prophet's maternal first cousin. 37 00:01:48,310 --> 00:01:52,150 He was therefore among his relatives, peace be upon him, 38 00:01:52,150 --> 00:01:55,180 on both his father's and mother's sides. 39 00:01:55,180 --> 00:01:58,459 Uthman, may Allah be pleased with him, was born in Makkah 40 00:01:58,500 --> 00:02:01,659 in the sixth year after the Year of the Elephant, 41 00:02:01,659 --> 00:02:05,540 and grew up amidst its mountains and valleys, 42 00:02:05,540 --> 00:02:08,789 within the embrace of its Ancient House. 43 00:02:08,789 --> 00:02:11,030 If you saw Uthman, 44 00:02:11,030 --> 00:02:16,229 you saw a man endowed with a striking beauty that delighted the onlooker. 45 00:02:16,229 --> 00:02:19,150 He had a handsome face, a full beard, 46 00:02:19,150 --> 00:02:21,189 and was of medium height, 47 00:02:21,189 --> 00:02:23,949 neither tall nor short. 48 00:02:23,949 --> 00:02:25,830 He had broad shoulders, 49 00:02:25,830 --> 00:02:28,389 a wide chest, 50 00:02:28,430 --> 00:02:31,189 a fair complexion tinged with tan, 51 00:02:31,189 --> 00:02:33,030 smooth skin, 52 00:02:33,030 --> 00:02:36,389 dense hair on his forearms and legs, 53 00:02:36,389 --> 00:02:39,789 and the hair of his head reached below his ears. 54 00:02:39,789 --> 00:02:43,430 Abdullah ibn Hazm al-Mazini said of him: 55 00:02:43,430 --> 00:02:46,699 "I never saw a face more handsome than his." 56 00:02:46,699 --> 00:02:50,020 During the days of Jahiliyyah, may Allah be pleased with him, he was 57 00:02:50,020 --> 00:02:52,539 among the finest of his people. 58 00:02:52,539 --> 00:02:55,099 He possessed vast influence, wealth, 59 00:02:55,099 --> 00:02:56,740 extreme modesty, 60 00:02:56,740 --> 00:02:58,580 and gentle speech. 61 00:02:58,620 --> 00:03:03,500 His people loved him immensely and held him in deep veneration. 62 00:03:03,500 --> 00:03:06,979 He never prostrated to an idol in Jahiliyyah, 63 00:03:06,979 --> 00:03:09,960 nor did he ever commit an indecency. 64 00:03:09,960 --> 00:03:12,639 He never drank wine before Islam, 65 00:03:12,639 --> 00:03:14,319 and used to say: 66 00:03:14,319 --> 00:03:16,479 "It deprives one of reason, 67 00:03:16,479 --> 00:03:20,240 and reason is the noblest gift Allah has bestowed upon man; 68 00:03:20,240 --> 00:03:22,639 a person ought to elevate it, 69 00:03:22,639 --> 00:03:24,680 not suppress it." 70 00:03:24,680 --> 00:03:26,520 He said of himself: 71 00:03:26,520 --> 00:03:29,400 "I never sang, nor wished for vanity, 72 00:03:29,400 --> 00:03:31,599 nor touched my private parts with my right hand 73 00:03:31,599 --> 00:03:36,319 since I swore allegiance with it to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 74 00:03:36,319 --> 00:03:40,680 I never drank wine in Jahiliyyah nor in Islam, 75 00:03:40,680 --> 00:03:45,659 nor did I ever commit adultery in Jahiliyyah nor in Islam." 76 00:03:45,659 --> 00:03:51,060 He, may Allah be pleased with him, possessed extensive knowledge of Arab lore in Jahiliyyah, 77 00:03:51,060 --> 00:03:55,340 including genealogies, proverbs, and historical tribal battles. 78 00:03:55,379 --> 00:03:57,060 He traveled widely across the land, 79 00:03:57,060 --> 00:03:59,620 journeying to the Levant and Abyssinia, 80 00:03:59,620 --> 00:04:02,419 and mingled with non-Arab peoples, 81 00:04:02,419 --> 00:04:07,300 learning about their affairs and customs in ways others did not. 82 00:04:07,300 --> 00:04:11,180 He focused on his trade, which he inherited from his father, 83 00:04:11,180 --> 00:04:12,819 and his wealth grew 84 00:04:12,819 --> 00:04:16,019 until he became one of the prominent figures of Banu Umayyah 85 00:04:16,019 --> 00:04:20,279 who held a revered standing in Quraysh. 86 00:04:20,279 --> 00:04:25,360 These qualities are sufficient to draw a person close to goodness, 87 00:04:25,360 --> 00:04:28,279 entering its doors without hesitation. 88 00:04:28,279 --> 00:04:30,839 So how could it be otherwise for Uthman ibn Affan, 89 00:04:30,839 --> 00:04:33,800 who was a close companion and beloved, intimate friend 90 00:04:33,800 --> 00:04:36,300 of Abu Bakr? 91 00:04:36,300 --> 00:04:39,139 One day, Abu Bakr came to him 92 00:04:39,139 --> 00:04:43,139 after the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, was commissioned with prophecy, 93 00:04:43,139 --> 00:04:46,420 when Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, had joined him, 94 00:04:46,420 --> 00:04:51,300 along with a small group no larger than the fingers of one hand. 95 00:04:51,300 --> 00:04:53,259 Al-Siddiq said to him: 96 00:04:53,259 --> 00:04:55,259 "Woe to you, O Uthman! 97 00:04:55,259 --> 00:04:58,019 By Allah, you are a prudent man 98 00:04:58,019 --> 00:05:01,139 who cannot fail to distinguish truth from falsehood. 99 00:05:01,139 --> 00:05:04,300 These idols that your people worship— 100 00:05:04,300 --> 00:05:06,579 are they not deaf stones 101 00:05:06,579 --> 00:05:08,579 that neither hear nor see, 102 00:05:08,579 --> 00:05:10,980 nor harm nor benefit?" 103 00:05:10,980 --> 00:05:12,180 Uthman replied: 104 00:05:12,180 --> 00:05:15,060 "Indeed, by Allah, they are so!" 105 00:05:15,060 --> 00:05:16,779 Abu Bakr said: 106 00:05:16,779 --> 00:05:19,259 "This is Muhammad ibn Abdullah, 107 00:05:19,259 --> 00:05:23,379 whom Allah has sent with His message to all His creation. 108 00:05:23,379 --> 00:05:26,339 Will you not go to him and listen to him?" 109 00:05:26,339 --> 00:05:28,019 He replied: "Yes." 110 00:05:28,019 --> 00:05:29,379 So they both went to him, 111 00:05:29,379 --> 00:05:32,939 and the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 112 00:05:32,939 --> 00:05:34,339 "O Uthman, 113 00:05:34,339 --> 00:05:36,860 respond to Allah's call to His Paradise, 114 00:05:36,860 --> 00:05:41,100 for I am Allah's Messenger to you and to all His creation." 115 00:05:41,100 --> 00:05:42,180 Uthman said: 116 00:05:42,180 --> 00:05:46,699 "By Allah, no sooner did I hear his words than I embraced Islam, 117 00:05:46,699 --> 00:05:51,139 testifying that there is no god but Allah, alone without partner, 118 00:05:51,180 --> 00:05:55,040 and that Muhammad is the servant of Allah and His Messenger." 119 00:05:55,040 --> 00:05:58,920 Uthman was just past thirty-four years of age 120 00:05:58,920 --> 00:06:03,920 when Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him, invited him to Islam; 121 00:06:03,920 --> 00:06:06,759 thus, he was among the early pioneers. 122 00:06:06,759 --> 00:06:08,160 Abu Ishaq, 123 00:06:08,160 --> 00:06:09,879 the biographer, said: 124 00:06:09,879 --> 00:06:13,639 "Uthman, may Allah be pleased with him, was the first person to accept Islam 125 00:06:13,639 --> 00:06:17,720 after Abu Bakr, Ali, and Zayd ibn Harithah." 126 00:06:17,759 --> 00:06:22,060 He was, therefore, the fourth man to embrace Islam. 127 00:06:22,060 --> 00:06:24,660 Perhaps this early conversion to Islam 128 00:06:24,660 --> 00:06:29,339 was inspired by an incident that occurred upon his return from the Levant. 129 00:06:29,339 --> 00:06:30,819 Uthman related: 130 00:06:30,819 --> 00:06:32,579 "O Messenger of Allah, 131 00:06:32,579 --> 00:06:35,220 I had recently arrived from the Levant, 132 00:06:35,220 --> 00:06:38,500 and while we were between Mu'an and al-Zarqa', 133 00:06:38,500 --> 00:06:40,300 resting as if asleep, 134 00:06:40,300 --> 00:06:42,939 a caller suddenly cried out to us: 135 00:06:42,939 --> 00:06:45,339 'O sleepers, awake! 136 00:06:45,339 --> 00:06:48,339 For Ahmad has appeared in Makkah.' 137 00:06:48,339 --> 00:06:51,860 So when we arrived, we heard news of you." 138 00:06:51,860 --> 00:06:55,500 Faith shone brightly in Uthman's pure heart, 139 00:06:55,500 --> 00:07:00,540 which Jahiliyyah had never defiled with its idols and impurities. 140 00:07:00,540 --> 00:07:06,220 Yet how could this light abide without being tested? 141 00:07:06,220 --> 00:07:09,620 People's love for Uthman turned into hatred, 142 00:07:09,620 --> 00:07:12,379 and their affection into enmity. 143 00:07:12,379 --> 00:07:15,500 Among his most fierce persecutors 144 00:07:15,500 --> 00:07:18,019 was his uncle, al-Hakam ibn Abi al-As, 145 00:07:18,019 --> 00:07:21,259 who seized him and bound him tightly with ropes, 146 00:07:21,259 --> 00:07:22,459 saying: 147 00:07:22,459 --> 00:07:26,800 "Do you renounce the creed of your forefathers for a newly invented religion? 148 00:07:26,800 --> 00:07:29,120 By Allah, I will never untie you 149 00:07:29,120 --> 00:07:33,040 until you renounce this religion of yours!" 150 00:07:33,040 --> 00:07:34,720 Uthman replied: 151 00:07:34,720 --> 00:07:38,680 "By Allah, I will never renounce it, nor shall I ever abandon it!" 152 00:07:38,680 --> 00:07:43,120 His uncle used to wrap him in a mat of palm leaves 153 00:07:43,160 --> 00:07:45,800 and light a fire beneath him, 154 00:07:45,800 --> 00:07:47,319 causing smoke to billow up 155 00:07:47,319 --> 00:07:51,480 until Uthman was on the verge of suffocation and death, 156 00:07:51,480 --> 00:07:54,680 all while demanding that he renounce his faith, 157 00:07:54,680 --> 00:07:59,540 yet Uthman only grew firmer and more resolute in it. 158 00:07:59,540 --> 00:08:01,819 When his uncle despaired of breaking him, 159 00:08:01,819 --> 00:08:04,750 he abandoned him and left him alone. 160 00:08:04,750 --> 00:08:07,670 The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 161 00:08:07,670 --> 00:08:09,949 had previously married his daughter Ruqayyah 162 00:08:09,949 --> 00:08:13,269 to Utbah, the son of his uncle Abu Lahab, 163 00:08:13,310 --> 00:08:15,870 and married her sister Umm Kulthum 164 00:08:15,870 --> 00:08:18,699 to Utaybah, the son of Abu Lahab. 165 00:08:18,699 --> 00:08:21,259 When Surah al-Masad was revealed, 166 00:08:21,259 --> 00:08:25,699 Abu Lahab said to his two sons, Utbah and Utaybah: 167 00:08:25,699 --> 00:08:28,060 "My head is forbidden from yours 168 00:08:28,060 --> 00:08:31,100 unless you divorce the daughters of Muhammad!" 169 00:08:31,100 --> 00:08:33,259 Their mother— 170 00:08:33,259 --> 00:08:35,539 the carrier of firewood—also said to them: 171 00:08:35,539 --> 00:08:37,779 "Part from the daughters of Muhammad, 172 00:08:37,779 --> 00:08:40,409 for they have abandoned their ancestral faith." 173 00:08:40,450 --> 00:08:44,129 So they divorced them before consummating the marriages, 174 00:08:44,129 --> 00:08:47,049 an honor bestowed by Allah Almighty upon the two daughters 175 00:08:47,049 --> 00:08:50,029 and a humiliation for the sons of Abu Lahab. 176 00:08:50,029 --> 00:08:53,509 No sooner had Uthman ibn Affan, may Allah be pleased with him, 177 00:08:53,509 --> 00:08:56,149 heard the news of Ruqayyah's divorce 178 00:08:56,149 --> 00:08:58,549 than he was overjoyed. 179 00:08:58,549 --> 00:09:03,549 He hastened to ask for her hand from the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 180 00:09:03,549 --> 00:09:07,509 who married her to him, peace be upon him. 181 00:09:07,549 --> 00:09:13,230 The Mother of the Believers, Khadijah bint Khuwaylid, may Allah be pleased with her, escorted her in the bridal procession. 182 00:09:13,230 --> 00:09:16,830 Uthman was among the most handsome men of Quraysh in appearance, 183 00:09:16,830 --> 00:09:20,750 and she matched him in grace and beauty; 184 00:09:20,750 --> 00:09:24,230 thus, when she was led to him, it was said of them: 185 00:09:24,230 --> 00:09:27,389 "The finest couple ever seen by human eyes 186 00:09:27,389 --> 00:09:30,629 are Ruqayyah and her husband, Uthman!" 187 00:09:30,629 --> 00:09:33,789 The fruit of this blessed marriage was that 188 00:09:33,789 --> 00:09:37,309 Allah granted them a beautiful, striking boy, 189 00:09:37,309 --> 00:09:39,549 whom he named Abdullah, 190 00:09:39,549 --> 00:09:43,600 and after whom Uthman, may Allah be pleased with him, took his agnomen (Kunya). 191 00:09:43,600 --> 00:09:48,200 However, this young boy did not live long with his parents, 192 00:09:48,200 --> 00:09:50,799 as a rooster pecked him in his eye 193 00:09:50,799 --> 00:09:53,519 when he reached six years of age, 194 00:09:53,519 --> 00:09:56,470 causing the boy to fall ill and pass away. 195 00:09:56,470 --> 00:10:01,429 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, entered upon them one day 196 00:10:01,429 --> 00:10:04,470 while Ruqayyah was washing Uthman's hair, 197 00:10:04,509 --> 00:10:09,549 and he said: "O my daughter, treat Abu Abdullah well, 198 00:10:09,549 --> 00:10:14,200 for he is the most similar of my Companions to me in character." 199 00:10:14,200 --> 00:10:16,600 Persecution by Quraysh against the Muslims intensified, 200 00:10:16,600 --> 00:10:20,240 including against the Companions of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 201 00:10:20,240 --> 00:10:23,279 So the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, gave them permission 202 00:10:23,279 --> 00:10:25,519 to migrate to Abyssinia. 203 00:10:25,519 --> 00:10:30,000 'Uthman and his wife Ruqayyah, may Allah be pleased with them both, were 204 00:10:30,000 --> 00:10:33,159 among the very first to migrate to Abyssinia. 205 00:10:33,200 --> 00:10:37,039 The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said regarding them: 206 00:10:37,039 --> 00:10:38,960 "May Allah accompany them both; 207 00:10:38,960 --> 00:10:42,960 'Uthman is indeed the first to migrate for the sake of Allah with his family 208 00:10:42,960 --> 00:10:46,149 since Lot, peace be upon him." 209 00:10:46,149 --> 00:10:50,710 Before long, 'Uthman and his wife returned along with those who returned, 210 00:10:50,710 --> 00:10:54,190 after rumors had spread that the people of Makkah had accepted Islam. 211 00:10:54,190 --> 00:10:57,269 However, the situation was quite the opposite, 212 00:10:57,269 --> 00:11:01,950 so they both returned, may Allah be pleased with them, to Abyssinia once more. 213 00:11:01,950 --> 00:11:04,070 Later, they returned to Makkah 214 00:11:04,070 --> 00:11:05,870 and stayed there 215 00:11:05,870 --> 00:11:09,909 until Allah decreed for them the migration to Madinah. 216 00:11:09,909 --> 00:11:15,279 Thus, they were among those who undertook both migrations, may Allah be pleased with them both. 217 00:11:15,279 --> 00:11:16,879 In Madinah, 218 00:11:16,879 --> 00:11:19,639 his loving wife, Ruqayyah, fell ill 219 00:11:19,639 --> 00:11:23,320 just as the Muslims were setting out for the Battle of Badr. 220 00:11:23,320 --> 00:11:26,240 So the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, commanded him 221 00:11:26,240 --> 00:11:30,440 to remain behind at his wife's side to care for her. 222 00:11:30,480 --> 00:11:33,440 On the very day the Muslims returned from Badr, 223 00:11:33,440 --> 00:11:36,039 victorious and overjoyed, 224 00:11:36,039 --> 00:11:40,240 shocking news suddenly met them in Madinah: 225 00:11:40,240 --> 00:11:44,039 the passing of Ruqayyah, may Allah be pleased with her, 226 00:11:44,039 --> 00:11:47,480 the daughter of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 227 00:11:47,480 --> 00:11:51,730 and the wife of 'Uthman Ibn 'Affan, may Allah be pleased with him. 228 00:11:51,730 --> 00:11:54,889 Sorrow enveloped Madinah in general, 229 00:11:54,889 --> 00:11:58,610 and 'Uthman in particular, may Allah be pleased with him, 230 00:11:58,610 --> 00:12:00,690 over the loss of his wife 231 00:12:00,690 --> 00:12:05,769 and the severance of his familial bond by marriage to the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 232 00:12:05,769 --> 00:12:08,490 Then the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, met him 233 00:12:08,490 --> 00:12:10,250 near the door of the mosque 234 00:12:10,250 --> 00:12:14,490 and said, "O 'Uthman, this is Gabriel; 235 00:12:14,490 --> 00:12:16,929 he has informed me that Allah has commanded me 236 00:12:16,929 --> 00:12:19,490 to marry Um Kulthum to you 237 00:12:19,490 --> 00:12:21,610 for a dowry equal to Ruqayyah's, 238 00:12:21,610 --> 00:12:24,230 and upon the same terms of companionship." 239 00:12:24,230 --> 00:12:26,990 And the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 240 00:12:26,990 --> 00:12:29,830 "I did not marry Um Kulthum to 'Uthman 241 00:12:29,870 --> 00:12:32,879 except through divine revelation from the heavens." 242 00:12:32,879 --> 00:12:34,720 Delight and joy returned 243 00:12:34,720 --> 00:12:37,240 to his face once again, 244 00:12:37,240 --> 00:12:39,559 and happiness entered his home 245 00:12:39,559 --> 00:12:43,659 with the entrance of Um Kulthum, may Allah be pleased with her. 246 00:12:43,659 --> 00:12:46,340 Thus, 'Uthman was given the title "Dhu al-Nurayn" (Possessor of the Two Lights) 247 00:12:46,340 --> 00:12:51,299 for marrying two daughters of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 248 00:12:51,299 --> 00:12:55,620 No other man is known to have married two daughters of a prophet besides him, 249 00:12:55,620 --> 00:12:59,139 may Allah be pleased with him and be pleased with him. 250 00:12:59,179 --> 00:13:01,860 In the ninth year after the Hijrah, 251 00:13:01,860 --> 00:13:05,220 'Uthman, may Allah be pleased with him, was struck by tragedy once more 252 00:13:05,220 --> 00:13:08,379 with the passing of his wife Um Kulthum, 253 00:13:08,379 --> 00:13:11,340 and he grieved for her most deeply. 254 00:13:11,340 --> 00:13:14,659 The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 255 00:13:14,659 --> 00:13:16,580 "Marry 'Uthman off; 256 00:13:16,580 --> 00:13:21,620 if I had a third daughter, I would surely have married her to him." 257 00:13:21,620 --> 00:13:24,460 In the next episode, Allah willing, 258 00:13:24,460 --> 00:13:28,379 we will learn about the most important achievements of 'Uthman, may Allah be pleased with him, 259 00:13:28,419 --> 00:13:30,820 for the Muslims 260 00:13:30,820 --> 00:13:33,980 and his service to this great religion. 261 00:13:33,980 --> 00:13:36,059 Until that meeting, 262 00:13:36,059 --> 00:13:39,769 we entrust you to Allah's care. 263 00:13:59,919 --> 00:14:04,600 Peace be upon Abu Bakr, 264 00:14:04,600 --> 00:14:06,639 Abu 'Ubaydah, 265 00:14:06,639 --> 00:14:12,120 the two Sa'ds, and the Caliphs.