WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.200 In the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful 00:00:05.160 --> 00:00:08.039 Conclusion from Al-Tabari’s interpretation 00:00:08.560 --> 00:00:12.740 It was summarized by Dr. Aqeel bin Salem Al-Shammari 00:00:12.880 --> 00:00:16.070 Surat Al-Rum 00:00:18.449 --> 00:00:23.210 In the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful 00:00:23.390 --> 00:00:31.530 A thousand no min 00:00:31.530 --> 00:00:34.070 The Romans were defeated 00:00:34.270 --> 00:00:41.679 In the lowest part of the earth, and after their defeat they will be defeated 00:00:42.039 --> 00:00:44.880 In a few years 00:00:45.159 --> 00:00:49.359 To God belongs the matter before and after 00:00:49.679 --> 00:00:54.359 On that day the believers will rejoice 00:00:54.560 --> 00:00:57.560 With God's help 00:00:57.560 --> 00:01:03.079 He supports whomever He wills 00:01:03.079 --> 00:01:06.359 He is the Mighty, the Most Merciful 00:01:07.700 --> 00:01:09.700 A thousand no min 00:01:10.019 --> 00:01:12.019 Persia defeated the Romans 00:01:12.019 --> 00:01:13.540 In the lowest ground 00:01:13.859 --> 00:01:16.659 From the land of the Levant to the land of Persia 00:01:17.019 --> 00:01:22.180 And the Romans, after Persia defeated them, will defeat Persia 00:01:22.500 --> 00:01:24.019 In a few years 00:01:24.420 --> 00:01:30.180 To God belongs the matter before they defeated Persia and after they defeated it 00:01:30.659 --> 00:01:32.819 And the day the Romans defeat the Persians 00:01:33.140 --> 00:01:38.819 Believers in God and His Messenger rejoice in God’s victory over the polytheists 00:01:39.299 --> 00:01:41.780 And the victory of the Romans over Persia 00:01:42.260 --> 00:01:46.340 God grants victory to whomever He wills of His creation over whomever He wills 00:01:46.980 --> 00:01:50.219 God is severe in His revenge on His enemies 00:01:50.700 --> 00:01:53.180 Most Merciful to those of His creation who repent 00:01:54.609 --> 00:02:05.689 God's promise God does not break His promise, but most people do not know 00:02:06.879 --> 00:02:12.319 God promised that the Romans would defeat Persia after Persia defeated them 00:02:12.639 --> 00:02:15.680 God promised that to the believers 00:02:15.960 --> 00:02:18.199 God does not break his promise to them 00:02:18.599 --> 00:02:21.479 Because there is no successor in his appointments 00:02:22.039 --> 00:02:28.199 But most of the Quraysh are those who deny that God fulfilled His promise to the believers 00:02:28.680 --> 00:02:31.479 They don't know that it is 00:02:32.960 --> 00:02:41.240 They know what is apparent from the life of this world, but they are heedless of the Hereafter 00:02:42.319 --> 00:02:46.240 These liars know the truth about God's news 00:02:46.639 --> 00:02:51.439 The Romans will defeat Persia, evident from their worldly life 00:02:51.919 --> 00:02:55.280 And managing their livelihood and what works for them 00:02:55.919 --> 00:03:00.719 They are concerned about their afterlife and that they will not be able to escape from God’s punishment 00:03:01.240 --> 00:03:03.719 Heedless people don't think about it 00:03:05.069 --> 00:03:09.469 Did they not think about themselves? 00:03:09.909 --> 00:03:19.550 God did not create the heavens and the earth and all that is between them except with truth and for a specified term 00:03:20.030 --> 00:03:29.629 Indeed, many people are disbelievers in meeting their Lord 00:03:31.050 --> 00:03:36.490 Didn't these people who deny the resurrection think about God's creation of them? 00:03:36.969 --> 00:03:40.090 And He created them and they were nothing 00:03:40.569 --> 00:03:45.129 Then he sent them away in different ways until they became men 00:03:45.689 --> 00:03:52.169 So they know that the one who did that is able to restore them as a new creation after their annihilation 00:03:52.889 --> 00:03:57.689 God did not create the heavens and the earth and everything between them except with justice 00:03:58.169 --> 00:04:00.569 For a specified period of time 00:04:01.319 --> 00:04:05.319 If you reach that time, all of that will be cancelled 00:04:06.189 --> 00:04:11.310 Indeed, many people deny the meeting with their Lord 00:04:12.879 --> 00:04:20.879 Have they not traveled through the land and seen what was the end of those before them? 00:04:21.360 --> 00:04:34.560 They were more powerful than them, and they influenced the land and inhabited it more than they inhabited it 00:04:34.879 --> 00:04:39.600 Their messengers came to them with clear proofs 00:04:40.079 --> 00:04:48.720 It was not God who wronged them, but they wronged themselves 00:04:50.300 --> 00:04:54.139 Didn't these people who deny God walk in the country? 00:04:54.779 --> 00:05:00.139 They look at the traces of God in the lying nations before them 00:05:00.699 --> 00:05:04.620 What was the consequence of her disbelief in her messengers? 00:05:05.100 --> 00:05:07.500 They were stronger than them 00:05:07.980 --> 00:05:13.819 They dug up the land, plowed it, and built it longer than these people did 00:05:14.220 --> 00:05:18.139 So God destroyed them because of their disbelief and their denial of their messengers 00:05:18.459 --> 00:05:23.259 When their messengers came to them with clear signs, they rejected them 00:05:23.740 --> 00:05:25.899 So God made them miserable 00:05:26.379 --> 00:05:31.819 God would not have wronged them by punishing them for denying His Messengers 00:05:32.300 --> 00:05:36.939 But they were wronging themselves by disobeying their Lord 00:05:38.459 --> 00:05:54.620 Then the evil outcome of those who did evil was that they denied the verses of God and mocked them 00:05:56.240 --> 00:06:01.759 Then it was the last matter of those who disbelieved among those who cultivated the earth and populated it 00:06:02.160 --> 00:06:03.439 They were offended by that 00:06:04.000 --> 00:06:06.959 A trait that is worse than their action 00:06:07.680 --> 00:06:10.800 As for this world, there is destruction and destruction 00:06:11.360 --> 00:06:13.680 As for the afterlife, it is hell 00:06:14.160 --> 00:06:17.439 They do not come out of it, nor do they seek refuge 00:06:18.000 --> 00:06:21.040 Because they denied the signs of God in this world 00:06:21.519 --> 00:06:26.480 And they mocked the arguments of God, and they were His prophets and messengers 00:06:27.839 --> 00:06:35.279 God begins creation, then He repeats it, and then to Him you will be returned 00:06:36.589 --> 00:06:40.029 God Almighty initiates the creation of all creation 00:06:40.430 --> 00:06:42.029 Created it alone 00:06:42.589 --> 00:06:46.829 Then He will restore it as a new creation after its annihilation and execution 00:06:47.470 --> 00:06:51.069 Then they will be gathered to Him to decide between them 00:06:52.600 --> 00:06:58.279 And on the day the Hour comes, the criminals will go crazy 00:06:59.449 --> 00:07:04.250 And the day will come when God will separate His creation 00:07:04.730 --> 00:07:09.529 Those who associate others with God despair, become depressed, and regret 00:07:10.920 --> 00:07:23.399 And they had no intercessors among their partners, and they were disbelievers in their partners 00:07:24.810 --> 00:07:32.970 These criminals had no partners who were following them in the misguidance they called them to 00:07:33.449 --> 00:07:38.569 Intercessors who intercede for them with God and save them from His torment 00:07:39.209 --> 00:07:42.649 And they, along with their partners in misguidance, were disbelievers 00:07:43.050 --> 00:07:46.569 They deny their mandate and disavow them 00:07:48.009 --> 00:07:53.689 And on the day the Hour comes, that day they will disperse 00:07:54.170 --> 00:08:02.810 As for those who believe and do righteous deeds, they will be in a garden of redemption 00:08:04.319 --> 00:08:10.079 And on the day the Hour comes, the people of faith in God and the people of disbelief in Him will disperse 00:08:10.860 --> 00:08:15.899 As for those who believe in God and His Messenger and do what God has commanded them 00:08:16.459 --> 00:08:23.420 They find joy in the winds and the winding plants and among the types of flowers in Paradise 00:08:23.819 --> 00:08:27.259 They enjoy listening and enjoying a comfortable life 00:08:29.199 --> 00:08:44.480 As for those who disbelieve and deny Our signs and the meeting with the transgressors, they will be brought to the torment 00:08:45.879 --> 00:08:52.919 As for those who denied the monotheism of God and denied His messengers, those will be brought to the punishment of God 00:08:53.399 --> 00:09:01.879 God has brought them to it and gathered them in it so that they may taste the torment that they denied in this world 00:09:03.389 --> 00:09:08.830 Glory be to God when you touch and when you wake up 00:09:09.309 --> 00:09:16.269 To Him belongs praise in the heavens and the earth and in the evening and when you appear 00:09:17.610 --> 00:09:24.009 Pray to God in the evening, and that is the Maghrib prayer and in the morning 00:09:24.490 --> 00:09:32.409 That is the morning prayer, and to Him is praise from all His creation in the heavens, from among its angelic inhabitants 00:09:32.970 --> 00:09:39.450 And in the land of its people, they also glorified Him in the evening, and that is the afternoon prayer 00:09:40.169 --> 00:09:42.649 When you enter at noon time 00:09:44.169 --> 00:09:49.450 The living comes out of the dead and the dead comes out of the living 00:09:49.929 --> 00:09:55.850 He brings the dead out of the living and revives the earth after its death 00:09:56.330 --> 00:09:59.129 And so do you go out 00:10:00.460 --> 00:10:04.460 God who brings living man out of dead water 00:10:05.100 --> 00:10:08.299 Dead water comes out of a living person 00:10:08.860 --> 00:10:12.940 He revives the earth and brings forth its crops after its devastation 00:10:13.580 --> 00:10:15.899 Just as He revives the earth after its death 00:10:15.899 --> 00:10:21.100 Thus He will revive you after your death and bring you out alive 00:10:21.100 --> 00:10:38.639 Among His signs is that He created you from dust, and then, behold, you were human beings spreading around 00:10:38.639 --> 00:10:50.500 Among his arguments is that He is capable of whatever He wants of creation, annihilation, creation, and destruction, and that He created everything that exists 00:10:50.500 --> 00:11:00.500 Your father Adam was created from the dust, then you, the descendants of those whom We created from the dust of human beings, behave 00:11:01.950 --> 00:11:25.950 Among His signs is that He created for you mates from among yourselves that you may find tranquility in them, and He placed between you affection and mercy. Indeed, in that are signs for those who will ponder. 00:11:25.950 --> 00:11:46.750 Among His arguments and evidence for this is also that He created for your father Adam a wife from himself so that he could live with her, and He created between you, through marriage and circumcision, an affection by which you would become intimate with each other and communicate for her sake, and a mercy with which he had mercy upon you. 00:11:46.750 --> 00:12:01.879 So, in doing so, some of you were kind to each other. Indeed, in his doing that is a lesson and an admonition for a people who remember the arguments of God and know that He is the God who cannot be prevented by anything He intends. 00:12:01.879 --> 00:12:16.519 Among His signs is the creation of the heavens and the earth and the differences in your tongues and colours. Indeed, in that are signs for the worlds 00:12:17.519 --> 00:12:30.320 Among his arguments and evidence also is that nothing is impossible for him. He created the heavens and the earth with His power, with which nothing that He willed is impossible for Him. 00:12:30.320 --> 00:12:50.320 And the difference in the logic and language of your tongues and the difference in the colors of your bodies - indeed, in doing so there are lessons and evidence for His creation, who understand that He does not care about returning them to the form they were in before their death. 00:12:50.320 --> 00:13:09.080 Among His signs are your sleep by night and day and your seeking of His bounty. Indeed, in that are signs for a people who listen. 00:13:09.080 --> 00:13:22.850 Among his arguments against you, O people, is his determination of hours and times and his discrepancy between night and day, so he made the night a place for you to rest in. 00:13:22.850 --> 00:13:43.850 And make the day bright for your conduct in your livelihood and your adherence to it from the provision of your Lord. Indeed, in God’s doing that is a lesson and a reminder that the one who does that cannot be incapable of anything. He intended it for a people who hear the words of God and are advised by them. 00:13:43.850 --> 00:14:12.909 Among His signs is that He shows you the lightning, for fear and hope, and sends down water from the sky and revives the earth therewith after its death. Indeed, in that are signs for a people who understand. 00:14:12.909 --> 00:14:28.679 Among his arguments is that he shows you the lightning, out of fear for you if you are traveling, you will fly, and you will be harmed by it, and out of hope for you, if you are at rest, you will fly, and you will live and be fertile. 00:14:28.679 --> 00:14:43.679 And He sends down rain from the sky and revives the dead earth, so it dies and brings forth its crops. Indeed, in His action, there are lessons and evidence for a people who understand His arguments and evidence from God. 00:14:43.679 --> 00:15:01.250 And among His signs is that the heavens and the earth stand at His command, then when He calls you with a call from the earth, behold, you emerge 00:15:02.919 --> 00:15:23.500 And among His proofs, O people, for His ability to do what He wills is the creation of the heavens and the earth at His command, submitting to Him in obedience without intention. You see, then you will emerge from the earth when He calls you with a call, responding to His call for you. 00:15:23.500 --> 00:15:30.500 And to Him belongs whoever is in the heavens and the earth, each of whom has a rule 00:15:30.500 --> 00:15:46.039 And to Him belongs whoever is in the heavens and the earth, from angels, jinn, and human beings. Everyone in the heavens and earth is a creation of God who is obedient to His disposition regarding what God Almighty intends to mention of life and death. 00:15:46.039 --> 00:16:02.399 It is He who initiates creation and then repeats it, and it is easier for Him, and to Him is the highest example in the heavens and the earth, and He is the Mighty, the Wise. 00:16:03.399 --> 00:16:19.259 The one who has these qualities is the one who begins creation from without a beginning, then repeats it as he began it, and repeating it is easier for him than starting it, and it is all on God. 00:16:19.259 --> 00:16:38.259 And God has the highest ideal in the heavens and the earth, which is that there is no god but Him alone, with no partner, and there is nothing like Him. This is the highest ideal, and He is the Mighty in His revenge on His enemies, the Wise in His management of His creation. 00:16:50.159 --> 00:17:12.160 Who are partners in what We have provided for you? In it you are alike. You fear them as you fear yourselves. Thus We detail the signs for a people who understand. 00:17:20.990 --> 00:17:38.990 Brothers in what We have given you of Our blessings, they are equal, and in that you fear that they will share with you that money that is between you and them, just as you fear one another that he will share the money between you and them in a company. 00:17:38.990 --> 00:18:01.990 The fear that God Almighty mentioned may be a fear of a partner’s fear of sharing the money between them with his partner, more like a fear of him inheriting it, because the mention of partnership does not indicate a fear of inheritance, but it may indicate a fear of separation and division. 00:18:01.990 --> 00:18:18.079 Just as we have made clear to you, O people, our arguments in these verses for our ability to do what we want, so we make clear our arguments in every truth for a people who understand and reflect on it and take advice from it. 00:18:18.079 --> 00:18:36.680 Rather, those who wronged followed their desires without knowledge, so whoever guides whom Allah will lead astray, and they will have no helpers 00:18:36.680 --> 00:18:55.680 This is not the case, and I do not associate these polytheists with others, because they have partners in what God has provided for them of the possession of their right hands, so they and their servants are equal in it, fearing that they will share it with them. They have decreed for God what they have approved for themselves. 00:18:55.680 --> 00:19:15.480 But those who wronged themselves followed their desires and associated idols in worshiping Him. So who can be guided to Islam? Whoever leads God astray from righteousness, and whoever God leads astray has no helpers who will help him and save him from going astray. 00:19:15.480 --> 00:19:36.480 So set your face toward religion upright, the nature of God upon which He created people. There is no altering of God’s creation. That is the upright religion, but most people do not know. 00:19:36.480 --> 00:19:53.160 So direct your face towards the face to which your Lord has directed you, O Muhammad, to obey Him, upright in His religion, and obeying Him is the work of God according to which He created people. There is no change in the religion of God. 00:19:53.160 --> 00:20:02.160 Your adherence to the religion is upright and unaltered and unchangeable. It is the straight religion in which there is no crookedness 00:20:02.160 --> 00:20:16.160 But most people do not know that the religion that I commanded you, O Muhammad, to follow by saying, “So set your face straight toward the religion uprightly,” is the true religion, apart from all other religions. 00:20:16.160 --> 00:20:22.039 Conclusion from Al-Tabari’s interpretation