WEBVTT 00:00:00.140 --> 00:00:03.660 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:03.660 --> 00:00:13.189 Muhammad is the Messenger. 00:00:13.189 --> 00:00:17.710 A Concise Abridgment of the Prophetic Biography (Seerah) 00:00:17.710 --> 00:00:22.859 Authored by Shaykh Musa ibn Rashid Al-Azmi, 00:00:22.859 --> 00:00:25.019 May Allah preserve him. 00:00:25.019 --> 00:00:30.410 The Incident of the Slander (Al-Ifk) 00:00:30.410 --> 00:00:35.280 During this expedition, the Incident of the Slander took place, 00:00:35.679 --> 00:00:39.000 which was fabricated by Ibn Salul—may Allah render him hideous— 00:00:39.000 --> 00:00:41.719 and the hypocrites who were with him, 00:00:41.719 --> 00:00:48.880 targeting the Mother of the Believers, the pure 'A'ishah, daughter of Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with them both). 00:00:48.880 --> 00:00:54.380 And Allah, Mighty and Majestic, revealed ten verses from Surah Al-Nur regarding this matter, 00:00:54.380 --> 00:00:55.659 where He Almighty says: 00:00:55.659 --> 00:01:02.299 “Lo! they who spread the slander are a gang among you. Deem it not a bad thing for you; nay, it is good for you. Unto every man of them (will be paid) that which he hath earned of the sin; and as for him among them who had the greater share therein, his will be an awful doom.” (24:11) 00:01:02.340 --> 00:01:07.579 “Lo! they who spread the slander are a gang among you. Deem it not a bad thing for you; nay, it is good for you. Unto every man of them (will be paid) that which he hath earned of the sin; and as for him among them who had the greater share therein, his will be an awful doom.” (24:11) 00:01:07.579 --> 00:01:12.340 "Every person among them will bear the sin he earned from this slander..." 00:01:12.340 --> 00:01:18.540 “Lo! they who spread the slander are a gang among you. Deem it not a bad thing for you; nay, it is good for you. Unto every man of them (will be paid) that which he hath earned of the sin; and as for him among them who had the greater share therein, his will be an awful doom.” (24:11) 00:01:18.540 --> 00:01:21.049 ...to the end of the verses. 00:01:21.049 --> 00:01:23.250 Imam Al-Qurtubi said: 00:01:23.250 --> 00:01:25.969 "The reason for the revelation of these verses 00:01:25.969 --> 00:01:29.569 is what the Imams narrated from the lengthy hadith of the Slander 00:01:29.569 --> 00:01:33.090 regarding the story of 'A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her). 00:01:33.090 --> 00:01:35.730 It is an authentic and widely famous report, 00:01:35.730 --> 00:01:38.370 whose renown renders its full repetition unnecessary." 00:01:38.370 --> 00:01:40.849 Al-Hafiz Ibn Kathir said: 00:01:40.849 --> 00:01:42.890 "These ten verses 00:01:42.890 --> 00:01:48.010 were all revealed regarding 'A'ishah, the Mother of the Believers (may Allah be pleased with her), 00:01:48.010 --> 00:01:52.250 when the people of slander and falsehood among the hypocrites accused her 00:01:52.250 --> 00:01:55.769 with pure lies and fabrications— 00:01:55.769 --> 00:01:58.090 a matter over which Allah Almighty manifested His jealous protective indignation for her 00:01:58.090 --> 00:02:02.090 and for His Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). 00:02:02.090 --> 00:02:05.250 So Allah, Mighty and Majestic, sent down her exoneration, 00:02:05.250 --> 00:02:09.969 preserving the honor of the Messenger (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). 00:02:09.969 --> 00:02:16.009 Thus He said: 'Indeed, those who came forward with the slander are a band among you.' 00:02:16.009 --> 00:02:18.210 Meaning, a group among you; 00:02:18.210 --> 00:02:21.530 that is, it was not merely one or two individuals, 00:02:21.530 --> 00:02:23.169 but rather a whole group. 00:02:23.169 --> 00:02:25.969 The leader in incurring this curse was 00:02:25.969 --> 00:02:30.289 'Abdullah ibn Ubayy ibn Salul, the chief of the hypocrites. 00:02:30.289 --> 00:02:33.610 For he used to actively spread and instigate it, 00:02:33.610 --> 00:02:37.409 until it penetrated the minds of some Muslims, 00:02:37.409 --> 00:02:39.090 who then spoke of it, 00:02:39.090 --> 00:02:41.729 while others among them deemed it possible. 00:02:41.729 --> 00:02:45.090 This state of affairs persisted for nearly a month, 00:02:45.090 --> 00:02:47.370 until the Qur'an was revealed; 00:02:47.370 --> 00:02:52.780 and its full context is detailed in the authentic hadiths." 00:02:52.819 --> 00:02:56.159 The Arrival of the Urayniyyin 00:02:56.159 --> 00:03:00.800 There arrived before the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) in Medina 00:03:00.800 --> 00:03:03.599 a party from the tribes of 'Ukl and 'Uraynah, 00:03:03.599 --> 00:03:07.800 and that was in Shawwal of the sixth year of the Hijrah. 00:03:07.800 --> 00:03:09.599 They outwardly professed Islam 00:03:09.599 --> 00:03:13.759 and swore allegiance to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him). 00:03:13.759 --> 00:03:15.599 However, they found the climate of Medina unhealthy, 00:03:15.599 --> 00:03:17.759 and their bodies grew sick, 00:03:17.759 --> 00:03:19.759 their bellies became bloated, 00:03:19.759 --> 00:03:22.379 and their limbs became wasted. 00:03:22.419 --> 00:03:24.780 Al-Hafiz said in *Fath al-Bari*: 00:03:24.780 --> 00:03:27.860 "It appears that they arrived already suffering from illness. 00:03:27.860 --> 00:03:30.300 When they recovered from that ailment, 00:03:30.300 --> 00:03:34.219 they came to dislike residing in Medina due to its unwholesome climate. 00:03:34.219 --> 00:03:36.860 As for the sickness they had, 00:03:36.860 --> 00:03:40.620 it was extreme emaciation and exhaustion from severe hunger." 00:03:40.620 --> 00:03:44.020 In Abu 'Awanah's collection, from the narration of Ghaylan 00:03:44.020 --> 00:03:46.379 on the authority of Anas (may Allah be pleased with him): 00:03:46.379 --> 00:03:49.060 "They were suffering from severe emaciation." 00:03:49.060 --> 00:03:52.099 And in his collection, from the narration of Ibn Sa'd on his authority: 00:03:52.099 --> 00:03:54.800 "Their complexions had turned pale yellow." 00:03:54.800 --> 00:03:57.759 Imam Al-Bukhari narrated in his *Sahih* 00:03:57.759 --> 00:04:00.800 on the authority of Anas (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 00:04:00.800 --> 00:04:03.199 "Some people from 'Ukl and 'Uraynah 00:04:03.199 --> 00:04:07.680 came to Medina to see the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) 00:04:07.680 --> 00:04:10.120 and spoke the profession of Islam, 00:04:10.120 --> 00:04:12.599 saying: 'O Prophet of Allah, 00:04:12.599 --> 00:04:14.840 we were herdsmen who lived off livestock, 00:04:14.840 --> 00:04:17.000 and we were never agricultural town-dwellers.' 00:04:17.000 --> 00:04:19.079 They found the climate of Medina unwholesome, 00:04:19.120 --> 00:04:22.560 so the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) ordered for them 00:04:22.560 --> 00:04:24.560 a herd of camels and a shepherd, 00:04:24.560 --> 00:04:26.519 and instructed them to go out with them 00:04:26.519 --> 00:04:30.199 and drink from their milk and urine. 00:04:30.199 --> 00:04:34.040 So they set out until, when they reached the direction of Al-Harrah, 00:04:34.040 --> 00:04:36.360 they disbelieved after having accepted Islam, 00:04:36.360 --> 00:04:40.279 murdered the shepherd of the Prophet (peace be upon him), 00:04:40.279 --> 00:04:42.279 and drove away the herd of camels. 00:04:42.279 --> 00:04:45.720 News of this reached the Prophet (peace be upon him), 00:04:45.720 --> 00:04:48.639 so he dispatched a search party in their pursuit. 00:04:48.639 --> 00:04:50.079 He then issued orders regarding them: 00:04:50.079 --> 00:04:53.519 their eyes were branded with hot irons, their hands were cut off, 00:04:53.519 --> 00:04:56.160 and they were left in a tract of Al-Harrah 00:04:56.160 --> 00:04:59.459 until they died in that state." 00:04:59.459 --> 00:05:02.139 In another wording in the two *Sahih*s 00:05:02.139 --> 00:05:05.139 on the authority of Anas (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 00:05:05.139 --> 00:05:09.180 "So they went out and drank from their urine and milk, 00:05:09.180 --> 00:05:10.620 and they recovered their health. 00:05:10.620 --> 00:05:13.779 Then they murdered the shepherd and drove off the camels. 00:05:13.779 --> 00:05:18.139 When that reached the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), 00:05:18.180 --> 00:05:20.420 he sent pursuers after them. 00:05:20.420 --> 00:05:23.060 They were overtaken and brought back, 00:05:23.060 --> 00:05:24.339 whereupon he ordered punishment for them: 00:05:24.339 --> 00:05:27.060 their hands and feet were amputated on alternate sides, 00:05:27.060 --> 00:05:29.060 their eyes were branded, 00:05:29.060 --> 00:05:32.779 and they were then cast out in the sun until they died." 00:05:32.779 --> 00:05:35.699 Imam Muslim narrated in his *Sahih* 00:05:35.699 --> 00:05:38.660 on the authority of Anas (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 00:05:38.660 --> 00:05:43.540 "The Prophet (peace be upon him) only branded the eyes of those individuals 00:05:43.540 --> 00:05:46.939 because they had branded the eyes of the shepherds." 00:05:46.980 --> 00:05:48.819 Abu Qilabah said: 00:05:48.819 --> 00:05:51.459 "Thus, these people committed theft and murder, 00:05:51.459 --> 00:05:53.899 disbelieved after having believed, 00:05:53.899 --> 00:05:56.709 and waged war against Allah and His Messenger." 00:05:56.709 --> 00:05:59.230 Al-Hafiz Ibn Kathir said: 00:05:59.230 --> 00:06:03.829 "What was done to them was an act of equal retaliation (qisas), and Allah knows best." 00:06:03.829 --> 00:06:06.389 Abu Dawud narrated in his *Sunan*, 00:06:06.389 --> 00:06:10.870 as did Al-Tahawi in *Sharh Mushkil al-Athar* with an authentic chain of transmission, 00:06:10.870 --> 00:06:13.829 on the authority of Anas (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 00:06:13.829 --> 00:06:16.949 "So Allah, Mighty and Majestic, revealed concerning that: 00:06:16.949 --> 00:06:21.189 “The only reward of those who make war upon Allah and His messenger and strive after corruption in the land will be that they will be killed or crucified, or have their hands and feet on alternate sides cut off, or will be expelled out of the land. Such will be their degradation in the world, and in the Hereafter theirs will be an awful doom;” (5:33) 00:06:21.189 --> 00:06:24.069 '...and who strive throughout the land causing corruption...'" 00:06:24.069 --> 00:06:26.230 Imam Al-Qurtubi said: 00:06:26.230 --> 00:06:29.949 "Scholars differed regarding the reason for the revelation of this verse. 00:06:29.949 --> 00:06:32.029 The opinion held by the majority of scholars 00:06:32.029 --> 00:06:35.180 is that it was revealed concerning the Urayniyyin." 00:06:35.180 --> 00:06:37.579 Al-Hafiz Ibn Kathir said: 00:06:37.579 --> 00:06:40.620 "The correct view is that this verse is general in application, 00:06:40.620 --> 00:06:47.120 encompassing the polytheists and others who commit these offenses." 00:06:47.160 --> 00:06:51.860 Among the fiqh benefits derived from the story of the Urayniyyin, 00:06:51.860 --> 00:06:53.980 Imam Ibn al-Qayyim said: 00:06:53.980 --> 00:06:55.939 "In it there are matters of fiqh, including: 00:06:55.939 --> 00:06:58.779 the permissibility of drinking the urine of camels; 00:06:58.779 --> 00:07:01.850 the ritual purity of the urine of animals whose meat is permissible to eat; 00:07:01.850 --> 00:07:05.689 combining penalties for a highway robber if he seizes property and commits murder— 00:07:05.689 --> 00:07:09.170 combining the amputation of his hand and foot with his execution; 00:07:09.170 --> 00:07:12.170 and that an offender may be subjected to the exact same harm he inflicted, 00:07:12.170 --> 00:07:15.009 for since they gouged out the eyes of the shepherd, 00:07:15.009 --> 00:07:16.970 he gouged out their eyes. 00:07:17.009 --> 00:07:21.810 It has thus become clear that this ruling is decisive and unrepealed, 00:07:21.810 --> 00:07:24.730 and even if it occurred before the prescribed legal punishments (hudud) were revealed, 00:07:24.730 --> 00:07:28.769 the hudud were revealed to confirm its principle, not to invalidate it; 00:07:28.769 --> 00:07:30.209 and Allah knows best." 00:07:31.779 --> 00:07:35.660 A Concise Abridgment of the Prophetic Biography (Seerah) 00:07:35.660 --> 00:07:42.569 Though longing between creation may stretch far and deep, 00:07:42.610 --> 00:07:49.579 longing for you knows no bound or limit. 00:07:49.579 --> 00:07:56.180 May Allah send blessings upon you whenever the caller raises the call to prayer, 00:07:56.180 --> 00:08:02.509 and whenever lips move 00:08:02.509 --> 00:08:04.189 with the enduring words of remembrance.