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From Riyad al-Salihin, from the words of the Master of the Messengers, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him:

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Chapter on the Virtue of Hunger and an Austere Life,

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and Being Content with Little Food, Drink, Clothing,

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and other bodily desires, and renouncing worldly passions.

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On the authority of Jabir, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:

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On the Day of the Trench, while we were digging,

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a huge, impenetrable rock obstructed us.

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So they came to the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, and said:

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"This hard rock has appeared in the trench."

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He said, "I am going down."

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Then he stood up with a stone tied over his stomach,

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for we had remained for three days without tasting any food.

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The Prophet (peace be upon him) took the pickaxe and struck it,

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and it turned into a mound of soft, flowing sand.

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So I said, "O Messenger of Allah,

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grant me permission to go home."

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I said to my wife:

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"I have seen something in the Prophet (peace be upon him)

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that I can no longer bear patiently.

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Do you have anything?"

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She said:

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"I have some barley and a young female goat."

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So I slaughtered the young goat and she ground the barley,

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until we placed the meat into the cooking pot.

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Then I went to the Prophet (peace be upon him),

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as the dough had softened and fermented,

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and the cooking pot on the hearthstones was almost done.

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I said:

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"I have a small meal,

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so come, O Messenger of Allah, along with one or two men."

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He asked, "How much is it?"

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So I mentioned it to him.

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He said:

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"That is plenty and good!

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Tell her not to remove the cooking pot or the bread from the oven until I arrive."

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Then he said:

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"Get up!"

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So the Emigrants (Muhajirun) and the Ansar stood up.

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I entered upon my wife and said:

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"Woe to you!

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The Prophet (peace be upon him) has come,

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along with the Emigrants, the Ansar, and all who are with them!"

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She asked:

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"Did he ask you?"

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I said, "Yes."

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He said:

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"Enter, and do not crowd one another."

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He began breaking the bread,

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putting the meat upon it,

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and covering the cooking pot and the oven whenever he took from them.

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He would serve it to his Companions and then take more.

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He continued breaking bread and ladling stew until they were all full, and food still remained.

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Then he said:

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"Eat of this and give it as a gift,

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for the people have been stricken with severe hunger."

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Agreed upon.

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And in another narration:

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Jabir said:

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When the Trench was being dug,

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I noticed severe hunger in the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.

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So I returned home to my wife and said:

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"Do you have anything?

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For I saw severe hunger in the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him."

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She brought out a leather bag containing a sa' of barley,

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and we had a tame young goat.

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So I slaughtered it,

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and she ground the barley,

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finishing when I finished.

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I cut up the meat into its cooking pot,

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then I turned to head towards the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him.

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She said:

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"Do not humiliate me before the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) and those with him!"

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So I went to him and whispered to him,

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saying:

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"O Messenger of Allah,

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we have slaughtered a small goat of ours,

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and ground a sa' of barley,

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so please come with a small group."

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But the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) called out aloud, saying:

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"O people of the Trench!

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Jabir has prepared a feast,

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so come along!"

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Then the Prophet (peace be upon him) said:

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"Do not take down your cooking pot,

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nor bake your dough until I arrive."

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I came home, and the Prophet (peace be upon him) arrived leading the people,

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until I reached my wife,

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and she said:

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"May this and that happen to you!"

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I said:

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"I did only what you told me."

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She brought out the dough,

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and he spat slightly into it and blessed it.

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Then he went over to our cooking pot,

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spat slightly into it and blessed it.

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Then he said:

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"Call another woman to bake alongside you,

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and ladle out from your cooking pot,

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but do not take it off the fire."

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And they were one thousand men.

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I swear by Allah,

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they ate until they left it and turned away,

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while our cooking pot was still boiling with stew just as it was,

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and our dough was still being baked into bread just as it was.

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His saying:

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"A hard rock obstructed us" (aradat kudyah):

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It is a thick, solid piece of earth

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which an axe cannot break.

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And al-katheeb (mound):

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It originally means a sand dune,

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and what is meant here

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is that it turned into fine dust,

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which is the meaning of aheel (flowing smoothly).

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And al-athafi (hearthstones):

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The stones upon which the cooking pot rests.

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And "do not crowd one another" (la tadaghatu):

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Do not push or jostle each other.

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And al-maja'ah:

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Hunger.

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And hunger...

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And al-khamas:

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It means hunger and an empty stomach.

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And "I returned" (inkafa'tu):

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Meaning, I turned back and went home.

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And al-bahimah:

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The diminutive of bahmah,

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which is a young female goat ('anaq).

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And al-dajin:

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An animal that is domesticated and kept at home.

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And al-su'r:

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Food to which people are invited,

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and the word has Persian origins.

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And "hayya hala":

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Meaning, come along.

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Meaning, she scolded him and showed distress,

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because she thought that what they had would not suffice them,

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so she felt embarrassed,

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unaware of the honor that Allah, Glorified and Exalted be He, bestowed upon His Prophet (peace be upon him)

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through this evident miracle and magnificent sign.

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Basaqa:

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Meaning, he spat slightly (basaqa),

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and it is also pronounced bazaqa,

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three dialectal variants.

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And 'amada:

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Meaning, he went directly toward.

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Iqdahi:

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Meaning, ladle out.

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And al-miqdahah:

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The ladle.

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And taghittu:

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Meaning, it was bubbling and boiling with a sound.

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And Allah knows best.

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"We had not tasted any food":

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Meaning, we did not eat anything during that time.

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Al-mi'wal:

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Meaning, the pickaxe.

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Al-'anaq:

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The young female goat.

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"The dough had softened" (inkasara):

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Meaning, it became soft, moist,

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and thoroughly leavened.

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Al-tannur:

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The clay oven in which bread is baked.

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"Woe to you" (wayhaki):

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A word expressing mercy and sympathy.

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"He covered the cooking pot and the oven":

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Meaning, he placed a cover over them both.

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Among the benefits derived from the hadith:

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Encouragement of mutual cooperation in work that brings benefit to the Muslims,

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and this is seen clearly in the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) joining his Companions in the labor.

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The immense love of the Companions, may Allah be pleased with them, for the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him).

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The keenness of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) that good should encompass all of his Companions,

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as he invited them all to the meal.

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A fighter should not leave his position except with the permission of the commander.

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The miracle of multiplying the food for the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him.

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The believers' empathy and care for one another,

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and their preference of their brothers over their own selves.

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The recommendation of giving food as gifts, especially in times of hardship and hunger.

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On the authority of Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:

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Abu Talhah said to Umm Sulaym:

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"I heard the voice of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, sounding faint,

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and I recognized hunger in it.

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Do you have anything?"

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She said, "Yes."

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She brought out some loaves of barley bread,

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then took a headscarf of hers,

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wrapped the bread in part of it,

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tucked it under my garment, and wrapped me with the rest of it.

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Then she sent me to the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him.

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I went with it

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and found the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) sitting in the mosque with the people around him.

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I stood by them,

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and the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said to me:

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"Did Abu Talhah send you?"

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I said, "Yes."

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He said, "With food?"

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I said, "Yes."

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The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said, "Stand up!"

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So they set off, and I ran ahead of them until I reached Abu Talhah and informed him.

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Abu Talhah said,

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"O Umm Sulaym!

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The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) has arrived with the people,

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and we do not have enough to feed them."

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She replied,

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"Allah and His Messenger know best."

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So Abu Talhah went out until he met the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him),

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and the Messenger of Allah came along with him until he entered the house.

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The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) then said,

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"Bring whatever you have, O Umm Sulaym."

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So she brought that bread,

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and the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) ordered it to be broken,

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so it was broken into pieces,

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and Umm Sulaym squeezed a leather butter-container over it, making it into a seasoned dish.

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Then the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) supplicated over it whatever Allah willed him to say,

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and then said,

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"Admit ten men."

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So he admitted them,

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and they ate until they were full, and then left.

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Then he said,

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"Admit ten men."

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Until all the people had eaten and were completely full,

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and they were seventy or eighty men.

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Agreed upon.

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In another narration:

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"Ten would continuously enter and ten would leave,

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until not one of them remained except that he entered and ate until he was full.

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Then he gathered it until he was full—

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then he gathered it together,

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and it was just as full as it had been before they ate from it."

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In another narration:

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"So they ate ten at a time,

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until he had done that with eighty men.

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Then the Prophet (peace be upon him) and the household ate after that,

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and they left behind leftovers."

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In another narration:

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"Then they had leftovers that they distributed to their neighbors."

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And in a narration from Anas, he said:

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"I came to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) one day,

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and found him sitting with his Companions,

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having bound a sash tightly around his stomach.

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So I asked some of his Companions,

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'Why has the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) bound his stomach?'

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They replied, 'Out of severe hunger.'

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So I went to Abu Talhah—

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I went to Abu Talhah,

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who was the husband of Umm Sulaym bint Milhan,

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and said, 'O my father!

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I saw that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) has bound his stomach with a sash,

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so I asked some of his Companions,

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and they said it was out of hunger.'

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So Abu Talhah went in to see my mother

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and asked, 'Do you have anything?'

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She said, 'Yes,

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I have some crusts of bread and a few dates.

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If the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) comes to us alone,

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we can satisfy his hunger,

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but if someone else comes with him,

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it will be too little for them.'"

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And he recounted the rest of the hadith.

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*Khimar* means head-covering.

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*Dassat*

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means she slipped it in firmly and securely.

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*Wa-raddatni bi-ba'dihi*

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means she wrapped me in part of the head-covering.

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*Halummi*

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means bring forward.

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*'Ukkah*

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means a round leather container

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specifically used for clarified butter (ghee) and honey,

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most especially for clarified butter.

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*Adamath*

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means she turned what came out of it into a condiment for the bread.

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*Hayya'aha*

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means he gathered it together after all of them had eaten.

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*Mithluha*

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means in the exact same state it was in before they ate from it.

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*Su'ran*

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means leftover food.

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*Afdalu*

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means they retained extra food

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*Ma balaghu jiranahum*

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means which they sent as a gift to their neighbors.

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*'Asaba*

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means he tied tightly.

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*Kisar*

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means broken pieces of bread.

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Among the derived lessons of the hadith:

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The permissibility of acting upon intuition (*firasah*) and contextual cues (*qara'in*),

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as Abu Talhah deduced the Prophet's severe hunger from the faintness of his voice.

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The permissibility of inviting people to a meal while inside the mosque,

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as well as accepting the invitation from there.

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The permissibility of inviting someone for a meal even if it is not a formal feast.

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The permissibility of inviting a large group to partake in a small amount of food.

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If the invitee knows that the host does not mind others attending along with him,

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then there is no harm in bringing others with him.

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The hadith demonstrates the sharp intellect and sound discernment of Umm Sulaym,

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as she realized that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)

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had intentionally invited the large gathering

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in order for the miracle of multiplying the food to be manifested,

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which is why she said:

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"Allah and His Messenger know best."

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The Companions' deep concern for the conditions and well-being of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him).

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The miracle of the multiplication of food through the blessing (*barakah*) of the Prophet (peace be upon him).

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The permissibility of eating until one is full,

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for the hadith states: "and they ate until they were full."

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The permissibility of admitting guests in groups of ten,

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if the need arises to do so,

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due to scarcity of food or lack of seating space.

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Anas addressing Abu Talhah as "O my father"

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was out of respect and good manners,

311
00:15:33,899 --> 00:15:35,899
for Abu Talhah was otherwise his mother's husband (stepfather).

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00:15:35,899 --> 00:15:38,340
Umm Sulaym's statement:

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"Allah and His Messenger know best"

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was specific to the lifetime of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him),

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because he received knowledge through divine revelation.

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As for after his death,

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divine revelation has ceased,

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so the correct practice is not to say this expression after his death (peace be upon him);

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rather, one should simply say:

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"Allah knows best."

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*Riyad al-Salihin* (The Meadows of the Righteous).