WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.200 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:05.200 --> 00:00:08.080 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari. 00:00:08.589 --> 00:00:12.750 Abridged by Dr. Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammari. 00:00:12.910 --> 00:00:16.589 Surah al-Takwir. 00:00:19.089 --> 00:00:22.769 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:22.769 --> 00:00:25.089 When the sun is wrapped up [in darkness]. 00:00:25.089 --> 00:00:28.850 And when the stars fall, losing their luster. 00:00:28.850 --> 00:00:31.570 And when the mountains are made to pass away. 00:00:31.570 --> 00:00:34.210 And when the pregnant she-camels are neglected. 00:00:34.369 --> 00:00:36.850 And when the wild beasts are gathered together. 00:00:36.850 --> 00:00:39.490 And when the seas are set ablaze. 00:00:39.490 --> 00:00:42.850 And when the souls are paired. 00:00:42.850 --> 00:00:45.729 And when the girl buried alive is asked. 00:00:45.729 --> 00:00:49.490 For what sin she was killed. 00:00:49.490 --> 00:00:51.890 And when the records are laid open. 00:00:51.890 --> 00:00:55.490 And when the sky is stripped away. 00:00:55.490 --> 00:00:58.210 And when the Hellfire is set ablaze. 00:00:58.210 --> 00:01:01.329 And when Paradise is brought near. 00:01:01.409 --> 00:01:05.489 “(Then) every soul will know what it hath made ready.” (81:14) 00:01:07.010 --> 00:01:10.129 When the sun is gathered together, part of it to another. 00:01:10.129 --> 00:01:12.530 Then it is folded up and cast away. 00:01:12.530 --> 00:01:16.540 When that is done to it, its light will vanish. 00:01:16.540 --> 00:01:21.099 And when the stars are scattered from the sky and fall down. 00:01:21.099 --> 00:01:27.140 And when Allah moves the mountains, so they become a mirage and scattered dust. 00:01:27.140 --> 00:01:29.459 And when the pregnant she-camels are neglected. 00:01:29.459 --> 00:01:31.859 The 'ishar' are the plural of 'ushara'. 00:01:31.939 --> 00:01:36.579 These are the camels that have reached ten months of pregnancy. 00:01:36.579 --> 00:01:38.900 The Almighty says, in His exposition: 00:01:38.900 --> 00:01:43.299 When these pregnant animals, which their owners prize so highly, 00:01:43.299 --> 00:01:47.540 Are neglected and abandoned due to the sheer terror that has descended upon them, 00:01:47.540 --> 00:01:49.620 Then what of everything else? 00:01:49.620 --> 00:01:52.659 And when the wild beasts are gathered and caused to die. 00:01:52.659 --> 00:01:55.859 And when the seas are filled until they overflow. 00:01:55.859 --> 00:01:58.180 Then they burst forth and flood. 00:01:58.180 --> 00:02:00.420 And when the souls are paired. 00:02:00.500 --> 00:02:03.379 Every person will be joined with their like. 00:02:03.379 --> 00:02:08.020 Those of similar character and kind will be grouped together in both good and evil. 00:02:08.020 --> 00:02:10.500 And when the girl buried alive is asked. 00:02:10.500 --> 00:02:13.699 The 'maw'uda' is the one buried alive. 00:02:13.699 --> 00:02:18.990 She will be asked about her killers and those who buried her: for what sin did they kill her? 00:02:18.990 --> 00:02:22.509 And when the records of the servants' deeds are laid open for them. 00:02:22.509 --> 00:02:29.360 After having been folded up, containing all the good and evil deeds written therein. 00:02:29.360 --> 00:02:33.439 And when the sky is pulled away, drawn off, and then folded up. 00:02:33.439 --> 00:02:37.120 And when the Hellfire is fueled and made to blaze. 00:02:37.120 --> 00:02:40.400 And when Paradise is brought close and drawn near. 00:02:40.400 --> 00:02:46.800 At that moment, a soul will know what it has brought forth; if it is good, it will lead to Paradise, 00:02:46.800 --> 00:02:51.330 Or if it is evil, it will lead to the Fire. 00:02:51.330 --> 00:02:55.250 So I swear by the retreating stars. 00:02:55.250 --> 00:02:59.539 Those that run their courses and disappear. 00:02:59.620 --> 00:03:04.180 Our Lord, exalted be His majesty, swears by things that occasionally retreat, 00:03:04.180 --> 00:03:07.620 Meaning they disappear and then run their courses at other times. 00:03:07.620 --> 00:03:11.379 Their 'kunus' (hiding) is their taking shelter in their dens. 00:03:11.379 --> 00:03:13.460 The 'makanis' (dens) according to the Arabs, 00:03:13.460 --> 00:03:17.699 Are the places where wild cattle and gazelles take shelter. 00:03:17.699 --> 00:03:24.340 It is not unlikely that this also applies to the places where the stars are in the sky. 00:03:24.419 --> 00:03:30.500 There is no evidence in the verse that the intended meaning is restricted to stars rather than cattle, 00:03:30.500 --> 00:03:33.139 Or to cattle rather than gazelles. 00:03:33.139 --> 00:03:38.500 The correct view is that it encompasses everything that has the quality of retreating at times, 00:03:38.500 --> 00:03:41.419 And running its course at others. 00:03:41.419 --> 00:03:44.219 And by the night as it departs. 00:03:44.219 --> 00:03:47.020 And by the morning as it breathes. 00:03:47.020 --> 00:03:52.620 Indeed, it is the word of a noble messenger. 00:03:52.699 --> 00:03:57.900 “Mighty, established in the presence of the Lord of the Throne,” (81:20) 00:03:57.900 --> 00:04:02.699 Obeyed and trustworthy. 00:04:02.699 --> 00:04:07.699 Our Lord, exalted be His majesty, swears by the night as it retreats, 00:04:07.699 --> 00:04:11.139 And by the light of day as it approaches and becomes clear. 00:04:11.139 --> 00:04:14.819 Indeed, this Qur'an is the revelation of a noble messenger, 00:04:14.819 --> 00:04:16.500 Meaning Jibril. 00:04:16.500 --> 00:04:19.540 Possessing power over the task he has been entrusted with, 00:04:19.540 --> 00:04:21.540 Not incapable of performing it. 00:04:21.620 --> 00:04:24.500 Held in high status by the Lord of the Mighty Throne. 00:04:24.500 --> 00:04:26.500 Obeyed in the heavens, 00:04:26.500 --> 00:04:28.500 For the angels obey him. 00:04:28.500 --> 00:04:32.259 Trustworthy before Allah regarding His revelation and His message, 00:04:32.259 --> 00:04:36.509 And everything else He has entrusted him with. 00:04:36.509 --> 00:04:41.069 And your companion is not mad. 00:04:41.069 --> 00:04:46.269 “Surely he beheld Him on the clear horizon.” (81:23) 00:04:46.269 --> 00:04:51.620 “And he is not avid of the Unseen.” (81:24) 00:04:51.699 --> 00:04:57.540 Your companion, O people—Muhammad, peace be upon him—is not mad, 00:04:57.540 --> 00:05:02.100 Such that he would speak of a paradise and rave like the insane. 00:05:02.100 --> 00:05:05.730 “Nay, but he brought the Truth, and he confirmed those sent (before him).” (37:37) 00:05:05.730 --> 00:05:12.050 Muhammad saw Jibril in his true form in the direction where things are clearly visible, 00:05:12.050 --> 00:05:14.129 Which you see from that vantage point. 00:05:14.129 --> 00:05:18.959 This was in the direction of the sunrise, from the east. 00:05:18.959 --> 00:05:23.519 And Muhammad, regarding what Allah has taught him of His revelation and scripture, 00:05:23.519 --> 00:05:27.199 Is not a miser in teaching it to you, O people. 00:05:27.199 --> 00:05:32.449 Rather, he is eager for you to believe in it and to learn. 00:05:32.449 --> 00:05:37.649 And it is not the word of a cursed devil. 00:05:37.649 --> 00:05:41.170 So where are you going? 00:05:41.170 --> 00:05:45.649 It is but a reminder to the worlds. 00:05:45.649 --> 00:05:52.610 “Unto whomsoever of you willeth to walk straight.” (81:28) 00:05:52.610 --> 00:06:04.240 “And ye will not, unless (it be) that Allah willeth, the Lord of Creation.” (81:29) 00:06:04.240 --> 00:06:09.120 This Qur'an is not the word of a cursed, outcast devil. 00:06:09.120 --> 00:06:12.319 Rather, it is the speech of Allah and His revelation. 00:06:12.399 --> 00:06:16.240 So where are you turning away from this Qur'an and deviating from it? 00:06:16.240 --> 00:06:22.560 This Qur'an is nothing but a reminder and an admonition to the worlds, both jinn and mankind, 00:06:22.560 --> 00:06:26.399 For whoever among you wills to remain on the path of truth, 00:06:26.399 --> 00:06:28.720 So he follows it and believes in it. 00:06:28.720 --> 00:06:32.800 And you do not will, O people, to remain on the truth, 00:06:32.800 --> 00:06:36.240 Unless Allah wills that for you.