WEBVTT 00:00:00.080 --> 00:00:03.439 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:03.439 --> 00:00:06.370 Ifadah Center 00:00:06.370 --> 00:00:09.650 for Humanities Studies and Research 00:00:09.650 --> 00:00:11.970 presents 00:00:11.970 --> 00:00:16.050 The Abridged Sahih al-Bukhari 00:00:16.050 --> 00:00:23.149 Chapter: Entering upon the deceased after death once they have been shrouded 00:00:23.149 --> 00:00:26.100 On the authority of Ibn Shihab, who said: 00:00:26.100 --> 00:00:28.260 Abu Salamah informed me 00:00:28.260 --> 00:00:30.660 that 'A'ishah reported 00:00:30.820 --> 00:00:36.820 that Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, arrived on horseback from his dwelling in al-Sunh, 00:00:36.820 --> 00:00:39.859 until he dismounted and entered the mosque. 00:00:39.859 --> 00:00:44.990 He did not speak to the people until he entered upon 'A'ishah. 00:00:44.990 --> 00:00:49.070 He then headed toward the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:00:49.070 --> 00:00:52.289 who was covered with a Hibrah garment. 00:00:52.289 --> 00:00:54.289 He uncovered his face, 00:00:54.289 --> 00:00:58.509 then leaned over him, kissed him, and wept. 00:00:58.509 --> 00:01:00.030 Then he said: 00:01:00.189 --> 00:01:02.670 "May my father and mother be sacrificed for you! 00:01:02.670 --> 00:01:06.590 By Allah, Allah will not combine two deaths upon you. 00:01:06.590 --> 00:01:11.540 As for the death that was decreed for you, you have already experienced it." 00:01:11.540 --> 00:01:13.219 Al-Zuhri said: 00:01:13.219 --> 00:01:17.459 Abu Salamah narrated to me from 'Abdullah Ibn 'Abbas 00:01:17.459 --> 00:01:21.459 that Abu Bakr went out while 'Umar was speaking to the people. 00:01:21.459 --> 00:01:22.659 He said: 00:01:22.659 --> 00:01:24.579 "Sit down, O 'Umar." 00:01:24.579 --> 00:01:27.060 But 'Umar refused to sit. 00:01:27.140 --> 00:01:30.579 The people turned to him [Abu Bakr] and left 'Umar. 00:01:30.579 --> 00:01:32.579 Abu Bakr said: 00:01:32.579 --> 00:01:34.260 "To proceed: 00:01:34.260 --> 00:01:39.379 Whoever among you worshipped Muhammad, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:01:39.379 --> 00:01:42.260 then Muhammad has indeed died. 00:01:42.260 --> 00:01:44.900 And whoever among you worshipped Allah, 00:01:44.900 --> 00:01:48.260 then Allah is Ever-Living and does not die." 00:01:48.260 --> 00:01:49.780 Allah says: 00:01:49.780 --> 00:01:56.420 “Muhammad is but a messenger, messengers (the like of whom) have passed away before him. Will it be that, when he dieth or is slain, ye will turn back on your heels? He who turneth back on his heels doth no hurt to Allah, and Allah will reward the thankful.” (3:144) 00:01:56.500 --> 00:01:58.019 up to His saying: 00:01:58.019 --> 00:02:00.019 "...the grateful." 00:02:00.019 --> 00:02:01.459 And he said: 00:02:01.459 --> 00:02:06.900 "By Allah, it is as if the people did not know that Allah had revealed this verse 00:02:06.900 --> 00:02:09.699 until Abu Bakr recited it. 00:02:09.699 --> 00:02:13.139 Then all the people received it from him, 00:02:13.139 --> 00:02:17.860 and I did not hear a single person among the people but that they were reciting it." 00:02:17.860 --> 00:02:20.580 Sa'id Ibn al-Musayyib informed me 00:02:20.580 --> 00:02:22.580 that 'Umar said: 00:02:22.740 --> 00:02:27.219 "By Allah, it was only when I heard Abu Bakr recite it 00:02:27.219 --> 00:02:28.580 that I was struck down, 00:02:28.580 --> 00:02:31.780 until my legs could no longer support me, 00:02:31.780 --> 00:02:36.580 and I collapsed to the ground when I heard him recite it, 00:02:36.580 --> 00:02:42.400 realizing that the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, had indeed died." 00:02:42.400 --> 00:02:45.500 Commentary on the hadith: 00:02:45.500 --> 00:02:48.099 "Arrived" means he came. 00:02:48.099 --> 00:02:51.060 "Al-Sunh" refers to the high grounds, 00:02:51.139 --> 00:02:54.340 which are the dwellings of the Banu al-Harith Ibn al-Khazraj, 00:02:54.340 --> 00:02:59.379 located to the north and northeast of the Prophet's Mosque. 00:02:59.379 --> 00:03:04.819 "He headed toward" means he intended [to reach] the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:03:04.819 --> 00:03:07.780 "Covered" means veiled. 00:03:07.780 --> 00:03:09.460 "With a Hibrah garment" 00:03:09.460 --> 00:03:12.349 A Hibrah is a Yemeni garment. 00:03:12.349 --> 00:03:14.990 "Then leaned over him and kissed him" 00:03:14.990 --> 00:03:16.819 between his eyes. 00:03:16.819 --> 00:03:18.900 "May my father and mother be sacrificed for you" 00:03:18.900 --> 00:03:21.919 means: I ransom you with my father and mother. 00:03:21.919 --> 00:03:25.439 "By Allah, Allah will not combine two deaths upon you" 00:03:25.439 --> 00:03:28.159 He said this in response to those who said 00:03:28.159 --> 00:03:32.479 that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, had not died, 00:03:32.479 --> 00:03:33.759 and that he would be resurrected 00:03:33.759 --> 00:03:37.439 to cut off the hands and feet of certain men. 00:03:37.439 --> 00:03:39.439 "The people turned to him" 00:03:39.439 --> 00:03:42.780 meaning to Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him. 00:03:42.780 --> 00:03:48.699 “Muhammad is but a messenger, messengers (the like of whom) have passed away before him. Will it be that, when he dieth or is slain, ye will turn back on your heels? He who turneth back on his heels doth no hurt to Allah, and Allah will reward the thankful.” (3:144) 00:03:48.699 --> 00:03:51.340 meaning he is not an unprecedented messenger; 00:03:51.340 --> 00:03:54.699 rather, he is of the same nature as the messengers who came before him. 00:03:54.699 --> 00:03:59.500 Their duty is to convey the messages of their Lord and execute His commands. 00:03:59.500 --> 00:04:01.419 They are not immortal, 00:04:01.419 --> 00:04:05.580 and their continued presence is not a condition for complying with Allah's commands. 00:04:05.580 --> 00:04:11.490 Rather, it is the duty of the Ummah to worship their Lord at all times and in all circumstances. 00:04:11.490 --> 00:04:12.770 "Reciting it" 00:04:12.770 --> 00:04:14.610 means reading it. 00:04:14.610 --> 00:04:15.889 "I was struck down" 00:04:15.889 --> 00:04:18.209 means I was stunned and bewildered. 00:04:18.290 --> 00:04:20.449 It is also said: I fell. 00:04:20.449 --> 00:04:22.689 And other interpretations exist. 00:04:22.689 --> 00:04:24.209 "My legs could no longer support me" 00:04:24.209 --> 00:04:26.290 means they could not carry me. 00:04:26.290 --> 00:04:27.410 "I collapsed" 00:04:27.410 --> 00:04:29.379 means I fell. 00:04:29.379 --> 00:04:32.850 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:04:32.850 --> 00:04:35.009 One learns from the hadith 00:04:35.009 --> 00:04:37.889 the recommendation of covering the deceased. 00:04:37.889 --> 00:04:41.250 Its wisdom is to protect them from being exposed 00:04:41.250 --> 00:04:45.040 and to veil their changed features from the eyes of others. 00:04:45.040 --> 00:04:48.319 It also indicates the permissibility of uncovering the face of the deceased again, 00:04:48.319 --> 00:04:50.079 and kissing the deceased, 00:04:50.079 --> 00:04:53.230 due to the action of Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him. 00:04:53.230 --> 00:04:58.269 It also shows the permissibility of sadness and weeping for the deceased, provided it is not wailing. 00:04:58.269 --> 00:05:02.189 The hadith clarifies the virtue of al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him, 00:05:02.189 --> 00:05:05.790 and that he was more knowledgeable than 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with him. 00:05:05.790 --> 00:05:09.389 It shows the great status of Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, 00:05:09.389 --> 00:05:13.220 in the hearts of the Companions, may Allah be pleased with them. 00:05:13.220 --> 00:05:18.019 The hadith shows 'A'ishah's, may Allah be pleased with her, concern for the affairs of the Shari'ah, 00:05:18.019 --> 00:05:24.019 and that this did not distract her from remembering the state of the people on that day. 00:05:24.019 --> 00:05:28.050 It permits entering upon the deceased without seeking permission. 00:05:28.050 --> 00:05:33.050 It permits ransoming the Prophet with one's parents. 00:05:33.050 --> 00:05:38.050 It shows the legitimacy of not following the opinion of someone of lesser status when someone of higher status is present. 00:05:38.050 --> 00:05:44.240 The hadith indicates that a Companion may err in interpretation. 00:05:44.240 --> 00:05:50.269 It demonstrates the intensity of the Companions' love for the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:05:50.269 --> 00:05:55.269 It confirms that death is a reality for every created being, 00:05:55.269 --> 00:05:59.269 and that the Prophets, peace be upon them, die. 00:05:59.269 --> 00:06:04.269 It shows the legitimacy of addressing the people during important matters and calamities. 00:06:04.269 --> 00:06:08.269 It encourages steadying the people when disasters occur, 00:06:08.269 --> 00:06:15.319 and reminding them of what they may have forgotten due to the severity of the situation. 00:06:15.319 --> 00:06:18.319 On the authority of Kharijah Ibn Zayd Ibn Thabit, 00:06:18.319 --> 00:06:22.319 from Umm al-'Ala', a woman among their people 00:06:22.319 --> 00:06:26.319 who pledged allegiance to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:06:26.319 --> 00:06:31.319 She said: "'Uthman Ibn Maz'un was assigned to us in the lottery 00:06:31.319 --> 00:06:35.319 when the Ansar drew lots for the housing of the Muhajirun. 00:06:35.319 --> 00:06:40.319 He fell ill, and we nursed him until he passed away. 00:06:40.319 --> 00:06:43.319 Then we wrapped him in his garments." 00:06:43.319 --> 00:06:45.449 In one narration: 00:06:45.449 --> 00:06:49.579 "When he died, was washed, and shrouded in his garments, 00:06:49.579 --> 00:06:54.579 the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, entered upon us. 00:06:54.579 --> 00:06:58.579 I said: 'May the mercy of Allah be upon you, Abu al-Sa'ib. 00:06:58.579 --> 00:07:02.579 My testimony for you is that Allah has honored you.' 00:07:02.579 --> 00:07:05.769 He said: 'How do you know?' 00:07:05.769 --> 00:07:08.829 I said: 'I do not know, by Allah.' 00:07:08.829 --> 00:07:12.829 He said: 'As for him, the Certainty [death] has come to him. 00:07:12.829 --> 00:07:15.829 I truly hope for good for him from Allah. 00:07:15.829 --> 00:07:18.829 By Allah, I do not know, even though I am the Messenger of Allah, 00:07:18.829 --> 00:07:21.829 “Say: I am no new thing among the messengers (of Allah), nor know I what will be done with me or with you. I do but follow that which is inspired in me, and I am but a plain warner.” (46:9) 00:07:21.829 --> 00:07:23.990 what will be done with him.'" Umm al-'Ala' said: 00:07:23.990 --> 00:07:28.120 "By Allah, I will never praise anyone after him." 00:07:28.120 --> 00:07:33.120 She said: "I saw in a dream that 'Uthman had a spring flowing. 00:07:33.120 --> 00:07:37.120 I went to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:07:37.120 --> 00:07:39.120 and mentioned that to him. 00:07:39.120 --> 00:07:43.149 He said: 'That is his deeds flowing for him.'" 00:07:43.149 --> 00:07:46.980 Commentary on the hadith: 00:07:46.980 --> 00:07:51.430 "Assigned to us" means he fell to our share in the lottery of the Ansar, 00:07:51.430 --> 00:07:54.430 to whom Umm al-'Ala' belonged, 00:07:54.430 --> 00:07:58.529 when the Ansar drew lots for the housing of the Muhajirun. 00:07:58.529 --> 00:08:03.529 The meaning is that the Ansar divided the Muhajirun by lottery 00:08:03.529 --> 00:08:07.529 regarding their stay with them and their residence in their homes. 00:08:07.529 --> 00:08:10.529 "Fell ill" means he became sick. 00:08:10.529 --> 00:08:14.560 "We nursed him" means we took care of his needs during his illness. 00:08:14.560 --> 00:08:20.660 "Abu al-Sa'ib" is the kunyah of 'Uthman Ibn Maz'un, may Allah be pleased with him. 00:08:20.660 --> 00:08:24.819 "My testimony for you is that Allah has honored you" 00:08:24.819 --> 00:08:28.819 means: I swear by Allah that Allah has honored you. 00:08:28.819 --> 00:08:32.980 "The Certainty has come to him" means death. 00:08:32.980 --> 00:08:35.980 "I will never praise" means I will never commend. 00:08:35.980 --> 00:08:38.980 "A spring" means a water spring. 00:08:38.980 --> 00:08:42.139 "That is his deeds flowing for him" 00:08:42.139 --> 00:08:46.139 means some of his deeds remain, with their reward continuing for him. 00:08:46.139 --> 00:08:49.620 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:08:49.620 --> 00:08:55.259 The hadith is evidence that one cannot definitively declare anyone to be in Paradise 00:08:55.259 --> 00:08:58.259 except for those whom the Lawgiver has specified, 00:08:58.259 --> 00:09:01.259 such as the ten promised Paradise and their likes. 00:09:01.259 --> 00:09:04.259 It shows the recommendation of consoling the poor 00:09:04.259 --> 00:09:07.259 who have neither wealth nor a home, 00:09:07.259 --> 00:09:10.259 by offering wealth and allowing them the use of one's home. 00:09:10.259 --> 00:09:14.259 It shows the legitimacy of praying for the deceased. 00:09:14.259 --> 00:09:17.259 The hadith permits the testimony of Muslims 00:09:17.259 --> 00:09:20.259 for a deceased Muslim and praising them. 00:09:20.259 --> 00:09:25.259 It permits the use of lots for charitable acts when there is competition. 00:09:25.259 --> 00:09:31.240 On the authority of Jabir Ibn 'Abdullah, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said: 00:09:31.240 --> 00:09:35.269 My father was brought on the day of Uhud, having been mutilated, 00:09:35.269 --> 00:09:40.269 until he was placed before the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:09:40.269 --> 00:09:43.269 He had been covered with a garment. 00:09:43.269 --> 00:09:46.299 I went to uncover him, 00:09:46.299 --> 00:09:48.299 and in one narration: 00:09:48.299 --> 00:09:51.299 I began to uncover the garment from his face, weeping, 00:09:51.299 --> 00:09:53.299 but my people forbade me. 00:09:53.299 --> 00:09:56.299 Then I went to uncover him, 00:09:56.299 --> 00:09:58.299 and my people forbade me. 00:09:58.299 --> 00:10:01.299 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, ordered [that he be moved], 00:10:01.299 --> 00:10:03.299 and he was lifted. 00:10:03.299 --> 00:10:06.399 Then he heard the voice of a wailing woman. 00:10:06.399 --> 00:10:08.399 In one narration: 00:10:08.399 --> 00:10:11.399 My aunt Fatimah began to weep. 00:10:11.399 --> 00:10:14.429 He asked: "Who is this?" 00:10:14.429 --> 00:10:17.429 They said: "The daughter of 'Umar," 00:10:17.429 --> 00:10:19.529 or "the sister of 'Umar." 00:10:19.529 --> 00:10:22.529 He said: "Why do you weep?" 00:10:22.529 --> 00:10:24.529 or "Do not weep." 00:10:24.529 --> 00:10:29.529 "The angels continued to shade him with their wings until he was lifted." 00:10:29.529 --> 00:10:33.259 Commentary on the hadith: 00:10:33.259 --> 00:10:35.259 "Having been mutilated" 00:10:35.259 --> 00:10:37.259 means the polytheists mutilated him, 00:10:37.259 --> 00:10:39.259 cutting off his nose and ears. 00:10:39.259 --> 00:10:41.259 "Covered" 00:10:41.259 --> 00:10:43.259 means veiled. 00:10:43.259 --> 00:10:44.259 "He was lifted" 00:10:44.259 --> 00:10:46.299 means from his washing place. 00:10:46.299 --> 00:10:48.299 "Voice of a wailing woman" 00:10:48.299 --> 00:10:50.460 means she was weeping with a loud voice. 00:10:50.460 --> 00:10:54.460 "The angels continued to shade him with their wings" 00:10:54.460 --> 00:10:56.460 due to their gathering around him, 00:10:56.460 --> 00:11:00.460 and their crowding to hasten the ascent of his soul, 00:11:00.460 --> 00:11:04.460 to give him glad tidings of the honor Allah has prepared for him, 00:11:04.460 --> 00:11:06.460 or that they shaded him from the heat 00:11:06.460 --> 00:11:08.460 so that he would not change, 00:11:08.460 --> 00:11:16.029 or because he is one of the seven whom Allah will shade in His shade on the day when there is no shade but His. 00:11:16.029 --> 00:11:19.830 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:11:19.830 --> 00:11:24.830 The hadith demonstrates the virtue of Jabir’s father, may Allah be pleased with them both. 00:11:24.830 --> 00:11:27.830 It contains testimony that he is in Paradise. 00:11:27.830 --> 00:11:33.830 The hadith indicates that one should not definitively declare anyone to be in Paradise except through a textual source. 00:11:33.830 --> 00:11:36.830 It permits weeping over the deceased. 00:11:36.830 --> 00:11:41.830 It establishes the legitimacy of consoling the family of the deceased by praising the departed. 00:11:41.830 --> 00:11:46.830 And mentioning the bliss that Allah, the Almighty, has prepared for His servants. 00:11:46.830 --> 00:11:52.940 It contains a prohibition against uncovering the deceased unnecessarily. 00:11:52.940 --> 00:11:56.940 Chapter: A man announcing his own death to the family of the deceased. 00:11:56.940 --> 00:12:00.580 From Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him: 00:12:00.580 --> 00:12:07.580 That the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, announced the death of the Negus on the day he died. 00:12:07.580 --> 00:12:09.580 He went out with them to the prayer ground. 00:12:09.580 --> 00:12:11.580 He arranged them in rows. 00:12:11.580 --> 00:12:15.809 And he performed four takbirs over him. 00:12:15.809 --> 00:12:19.289 Commentary on the hadith: 00:12:19.289 --> 00:12:22.289 "Announced" means he informed them of his death. 00:12:22.289 --> 00:12:25.289 The Negus was the King of Abyssinia. 00:12:25.289 --> 00:12:29.289 It is said his name was Ashama, and other names have been mentioned as well. 00:12:29.289 --> 00:12:32.509 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:12:32.509 --> 00:12:37.340 The hadith establishes the permissibility of announcing a death. 00:12:37.340 --> 00:12:41.340 As for the prohibited announcement, it refers to the practice of the Age of Ignorance. 00:12:41.340 --> 00:12:46.409 The hadith serves as evidence for those who permit the funeral prayer for the absent. 00:12:46.409 --> 00:12:51.909 From Anas Ibn Malik, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:12:51.909 --> 00:12:56.909 The Prophet, peace be upon him, delivered a sermon and said: 00:12:56.909 --> 00:12:59.909 "Zayd took the banner and was struck down." 00:12:59.909 --> 00:13:03.909 "Then Ja'far took it and was struck down." 00:13:03.909 --> 00:13:08.940 "Then 'Abdullah Ibn Rawahah took it and was struck down." 00:13:08.940 --> 00:13:12.070 "Then Khalid Ibn al-Walid took it." 00:13:12.070 --> 00:13:14.070 In one narration: 00:13:14.070 --> 00:13:18.070 "Until the banner was taken by a sword from the swords of Allah." 00:13:18.070 --> 00:13:21.070 "Without being appointed, and victory was granted to him." 00:13:21.200 --> 00:13:23.200 And he said: 00:13:23.200 --> 00:13:26.200 "It does not please us that they are with us." 00:13:26.200 --> 00:13:28.200 Or he said: 00:13:28.200 --> 00:13:31.200 "It does not please them that they are with us." 00:13:31.200 --> 00:13:34.970 And his eyes were shedding tears. 00:13:34.970 --> 00:13:38.350 Commentary on the hadith: 00:13:38.350 --> 00:13:41.350 "Took the banner" refers to the banner of jihad. 00:13:41.350 --> 00:13:44.450 His story took place during the Battle of Mu'tah. 00:13:44.450 --> 00:13:48.480 Zayd is Ibn Harithah, may Allah be pleased with him. 00:13:48.480 --> 00:13:51.610 "Was struck down" means he was killed. 00:13:51.610 --> 00:13:56.610 Ja'far is Ibn Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with him. 00:13:57.610 --> 00:14:02.610 Meaning he became a commander on his own initiative without being appointed by the leader. 00:14:02.610 --> 00:14:05.830 "It does not please us that they are with us." 00:14:05.830 --> 00:14:10.830 Because their state where they are is better than if they were with us. 00:14:10.830 --> 00:14:12.990 "And his eyes were shedding tears." 00:14:12.990 --> 00:14:15.990 Meaning tears were flowing from them. 00:14:15.990 --> 00:14:19.179 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:14:19.179 --> 00:14:21.860 The hadith teaches: 00:14:21.860 --> 00:14:24.860 The permissibility of weeping for the deceased. 00:14:24.860 --> 00:14:28.860 It encourages taking initiative to assume responsibility. 00:14:28.860 --> 00:14:31.860 If failing to do so would lead to corruption. 00:14:31.860 --> 00:14:37.779 Chapter: The virtue of one who loses a child and seeks reward from Allah. 00:14:37.779 --> 00:14:40.779 Allah, the Almighty, said: 00:14:40.779 --> 00:14:42.779 ﴾And give good tidings to the patient.﴿ 00:14:42.779 --> 00:14:47.509 From Anas Ibn Malik, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:14:47.509 --> 00:14:51.509 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: 00:14:51.509 --> 00:14:56.539 "There is no Muslim who loses three of his children," 00:14:56.539 --> 00:14:59.539 "Before they reach the age of puberty," 00:14:59.539 --> 00:15:02.539 "But Allah will admit him to Paradise," 00:15:02.539 --> 00:15:05.929 "By the grace of His mercy toward them." 00:15:05.929 --> 00:15:08.929 And from Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him: 00:15:08.929 --> 00:15:12.960 From the Prophet, peace be upon him, who said: 00:15:12.960 --> 00:15:16.960 "No Muslim loses three children," 00:15:16.960 --> 00:15:18.960 "And enters the Fire," 00:15:18.960 --> 00:15:22.700 "Except for the fulfillment of the oath." 00:15:22.700 --> 00:15:26.210 Commentary on the hadith: 00:15:26.210 --> 00:15:30.210 "Who loses a child and seeks reward" 00:15:30.210 --> 00:15:34.210 Meaning he is patient, content with the decree of Allah, the Exalted. 00:15:34.210 --> 00:15:37.399 Hoping for His mercy and forgiveness. 00:15:37.399 --> 00:15:39.399 "Before they reach the age of puberty" 00:15:39.399 --> 00:15:41.399 Meaning they have not reached maturity. 00:15:41.399 --> 00:15:44.429 So sins are not recorded against them. 00:15:44.429 --> 00:15:46.429 "And enters the Fire" 00:15:46.429 --> 00:15:48.529 Meaning he enters it. 00:15:48.529 --> 00:15:50.529 "Except for the fulfillment of the oath" 00:15:50.529 --> 00:15:55.529 Meaning to the extent that Allah fulfills His oath in His saying, the Exalted: 00:15:55.529 --> 00:15:59.529 ﴾There is none of you except that he will come to it.﴿ 00:15:59.529 --> 00:16:03.980 “There is not one of you but shall approach it. That is a fixed ordinance of thy Lord.” (19:71) 00:16:03.980 --> 00:16:07.779 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:16:07.779 --> 00:16:09.779 The hadith teaches: 00:16:09.779 --> 00:16:12.779 There is no salvation for the disbeliever through the death of his children. 00:16:12.779 --> 00:16:17.840 Rather, one is saved from the Fire through faith and avoiding sins. 00:16:17.840 --> 00:16:20.840 The hadith explains the virtue of patience. 00:16:20.840 --> 00:16:24.840 The hadith indicates that the affection of parents, 00:16:24.840 --> 00:16:27.840 Is a complete affection, not lacking. 00:16:27.840 --> 00:16:33.889 Chapter: A man saying to a woman at the grave: 00:16:33.889 --> 00:16:35.340 "Be patient." 00:16:35.340 --> 00:16:38.340 From Thabit al-Bunani, who said: 00:16:38.340 --> 00:16:43.340 I heard Anas Ibn Malik saying to a woman from his family: 00:16:43.340 --> 00:16:45.340 "Do you know so-and-so?" 00:16:45.340 --> 00:16:47.340 She said, "Yes." 00:16:47.340 --> 00:16:48.340 He said: 00:16:48.340 --> 00:16:54.340 "The Prophet, peace be upon him, passed by her while she was weeping at a grave." 00:16:54.340 --> 00:16:55.340 He said: 00:16:55.340 --> 00:16:58.340 "Fear Allah and be patient." 00:16:58.340 --> 00:16:59.340 She said: 00:16:59.340 --> 00:17:01.340 "Leave me alone," 00:17:01.340 --> 00:17:04.430 "For you have not been afflicted by my calamity." 00:17:04.430 --> 00:17:05.430 He said: 00:17:05.430 --> 00:17:08.430 So he passed by her and went on. 00:17:08.430 --> 00:17:10.430 A man passed by her and said: 00:17:10.430 --> 00:17:15.430 "What did the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, say to you?" 00:17:15.430 --> 00:17:16.430 She said: 00:17:16.430 --> 00:17:18.430 "I did not recognize him." 00:17:18.430 --> 00:17:19.430 He said: 00:17:19.430 --> 00:17:23.430 "That was the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him." 00:17:23.430 --> 00:17:24.500 He said: 00:17:24.500 --> 00:17:26.500 So she came to his door, 00:17:26.500 --> 00:17:29.500 And found no doorman at it. 00:17:29.500 --> 00:17:31.529 She said: 00:17:31.529 --> 00:17:32.529 "O Messenger of Allah," 00:17:32.529 --> 00:17:35.690 "By Allah, I did not recognize you." 00:17:35.690 --> 00:17:38.690 The Prophet, peace be upon him, said: 00:17:38.690 --> 00:17:43.299 "Patience is at the first shock." 00:17:43.299 --> 00:17:46.940 Commentary on the hadith: 00:17:46.940 --> 00:17:48.940 "Fear Allah and be patient." 00:17:48.940 --> 00:17:50.940 Meaning do not despair. 00:17:50.940 --> 00:17:54.029 For despair nullifies the reward. 00:17:54.029 --> 00:17:55.029 "Leave me alone." 00:17:55.029 --> 00:17:57.029 Meaning move away from me. 00:17:57.029 --> 00:17:59.029 And restrain yourself from me. 00:17:59.029 --> 00:18:02.160 "For you have not been afflicted by my calamity." 00:18:02.160 --> 00:18:05.160 Meaning you have not been struck by my misfortune. 00:18:05.160 --> 00:18:07.220 "So he passed by her and went on." 00:18:07.220 --> 00:18:09.220 Meaning he left her. 00:18:09.220 --> 00:18:12.220 The man was al-Fadl Ibn 'Abbas. 00:18:12.220 --> 00:18:14.220 "Doorman" 00:18:14.220 --> 00:18:16.289 Meaning a guard or gatekeeper. 00:18:16.289 --> 00:18:18.289 "At the first shock" 00:18:18.289 --> 00:18:21.289 Meaning at the onset and intensity of the calamity. 00:18:21.289 --> 00:18:24.349 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:18:24.349 --> 00:18:26.990 The hadith teaches: 00:18:26.990 --> 00:18:28.990 The permissibility of visiting graves. 00:18:28.990 --> 00:18:33.990 It contains the legitimacy of enjoining good and forbidding evil. 00:18:33.990 --> 00:18:39.990 The hadith demonstrates his humility, peace be upon him, and his gentleness. 00:18:39.990 --> 00:18:43.089 It prohibits the weeping of despair after death. 00:18:43.089 --> 00:18:48.089 It permits offering exhortations to the one weeping, reminding them of fearing Allah and patience. 00:18:48.089 --> 00:18:52.119 It shows the virtue of accepting the excuse of the afflicted. 00:18:52.119 --> 00:18:59.180 The hadith shows that one who enjoins good should be accepted even if the person did not recognize the one enjoining it. 00:18:59.180 --> 00:19:02.250 It shows that despair is among the forbidden things. 00:19:02.250 --> 00:19:08.250 It encourages enduring harm when offering advice and spreading exhortation. 00:19:08.250 --> 00:19:15.250 It shows that if a direct address does not reach the intended person, it has no effect. 00:19:15.250 --> 00:19:20.230 Chapter: White garments for the shroud. 00:19:21.970 --> 00:19:24.970 From 'A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, who said: 00:19:24.970 --> 00:19:27.970 I entered upon Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him. 00:19:27.970 --> 00:19:33.970 He said, "In how many garments did you shroud the Prophet, peace be upon him?" 00:19:33.970 --> 00:19:38.970 She said, "In three white Sahuli garments." 00:19:38.970 --> 00:19:45.220 In one narration: "In three white Yemeni garments." 00:19:45.220 --> 00:19:48.380 Sahuli, made of cotton. 00:19:48.380 --> 00:19:51.480 There was no shirt or turban among them. 00:19:51.480 --> 00:19:58.480 He said to her, "On which day did the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, die?" 00:19:58.480 --> 00:20:01.539 She said, "Monday." 00:20:01.539 --> 00:20:05.579 He said, "And what day is today?" 00:20:05.579 --> 00:20:08.700 She said, "Monday." 00:20:08.700 --> 00:20:13.769 He said, "I hope for it between now and the night." 00:20:13.769 --> 00:20:15.769 He looked at a garment he was wearing, 00:20:15.769 --> 00:20:19.769 Which he used to wear while ill, and it had a stain of saffron. 00:20:19.769 --> 00:20:25.769 He said, "Wash this garment of mine and add two more to it," 00:20:25.769 --> 00:20:27.769 "And shroud me in them." 00:20:27.769 --> 00:20:30.859 I said, "This is worn out." 00:20:30.859 --> 00:20:36.019 He said, "The living are more entitled to the new than the dead." 00:20:36.019 --> 00:20:39.150 "It is only for the discharge." 00:20:39.150 --> 00:20:43.150 He did not pass away until he reached the evening of Tuesday night. 00:20:43.150 --> 00:20:46.150 And he was buried before morning. 00:20:46.150 --> 00:20:50.240 Commentary on the hadith: 00:20:50.240 --> 00:20:54.240 "Sahuli" is attributed to a place in Yemen. 00:20:54.240 --> 00:20:56.240 And it is said otherwise. 00:20:56.240 --> 00:21:00.240 "Sahl" is a white garment made of cotton. 00:21:00.339 --> 00:21:03.339 "I hope for it between now and the night." 00:21:03.339 --> 00:21:09.339 Meaning I hope from Allah, the Exalted, that my death will be between the time I am in now, 00:21:09.339 --> 00:21:12.339 And the night that is coming. 00:21:12.339 --> 00:21:15.339 Meaning it would be on Monday. 00:21:15.339 --> 00:21:20.339 So that his death would be on the same day as the death of the Prophet, peace be upon him. 00:21:20.339 --> 00:21:22.430 "He used to wear while ill." 00:21:22.430 --> 00:21:26.430 Nursing is the care and treatment of the sick. 00:21:26.430 --> 00:21:29.589 "Stain" means a smudge or trace. 00:21:29.589 --> 00:21:33.690 "Worn out" means old and tattered. 00:21:33.690 --> 00:21:36.750 "More entitled" means more deserving. 00:21:36.750 --> 00:21:37.750 "For the discharge." 00:21:37.750 --> 00:21:40.750 The discharge is pus and fluid. 00:21:40.750 --> 00:21:44.750 It is possible that "discharge" is meant in its well-known sense. 00:21:44.750 --> 00:21:48.750 Meaning the new is for the one who expects the discharge in his remains. 00:21:48.750 --> 00:21:51.779 "Cotton" means cotton. 00:21:51.779 --> 00:21:55.680 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:21:55.680 --> 00:21:57.680 The hadith teaches: 00:21:57.680 --> 00:22:00.680 The recommendation of using three shrouds. 00:22:00.680 --> 00:22:04.680 It permits shrouding in washed and old garments. 00:22:04.680 --> 00:22:08.740 The hadith shows prioritizing the living with new things. 00:22:08.740 --> 00:22:11.740 It permits burying the deceased at night. 00:22:11.740 --> 00:22:16.740 It shows the recommendation of seeking to emulate what happened to the great ones. 00:22:16.740 --> 00:22:18.740 Seeking blessing through that. 00:22:18.740 --> 00:22:22.740 The hadith shows that a person may take knowledge from those below him. 00:22:22.740 --> 00:22:26.740 It shows the virtue of Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him. 00:22:26.740 --> 00:22:30.740 And the soundness of his intuition and his steadfastness at the time of his death. 00:22:30.740 --> 00:22:34.740 It shows the condemnation of excess in all matters. 00:22:34.740 --> 00:22:39.759 Chapter: Shrouding in two garments. 00:22:39.759 --> 00:22:43.789 From Ibn 'Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said: 00:22:43.789 --> 00:22:49.789 While a man was standing with the Prophet, peace be upon him, at 'Arafah, 00:22:49.789 --> 00:22:52.789 He fell from his mount and it broke his neck. 00:22:52.789 --> 00:22:55.789 Or he said: "And he broke his neck." 00:22:55.789 --> 00:23:00.210 In another narration: "And he snapped his neck." 00:23:00.210 --> 00:23:03.210 The Prophet, peace be upon him, said: 00:23:03.210 --> 00:23:06.210 "Wash him with water and lotus leaves." 00:23:06.210 --> 00:23:09.299 "And shroud him in two garments." 00:23:09.299 --> 00:23:12.299 In another narration: "In his two garments." 00:23:12.299 --> 00:23:15.299 "And do not apply perfume to him." 00:23:15.299 --> 00:23:19.299 "Do not cover his head, and do not apply embalming herbs to him." 00:23:19.299 --> 00:23:23.299 "For Allah will resurrect him on the Day of Resurrection in a state of talbiyah." 00:23:23.299 --> 00:23:28.039 In another narration: "He will be resurrected reciting the talbiyah." 00:23:28.039 --> 00:23:31.460 Commentary on the hadith: 00:23:31.460 --> 00:23:34.460 "He broke his neck" or "He snapped his neck." 00:23:34.460 --> 00:23:37.460 This comes from *waqs*, which means breaking the neck. 00:23:37.460 --> 00:23:39.680 "Do not cover his head." 00:23:39.680 --> 00:23:41.680 Meaning: Do not veil it. 00:23:41.680 --> 00:23:43.680 "Do not apply embalming herbs to him." 00:23:43.680 --> 00:23:45.680 Meaning: Do not touch him with *hanut* (embalming herbs). 00:23:45.680 --> 00:23:48.680 *Hanut* is what is used to scent the deceased. 00:23:48.680 --> 00:23:50.680 It consists of perfumes mixed together. 00:23:50.680 --> 00:23:52.680 "In a state of talbiyah." 00:23:52.680 --> 00:23:57.680 Meaning: He will be gathered on the Day of Resurrection in the state in which he died. 00:23:57.680 --> 00:24:00.680 This is so that it may be a sign of his Hajj. 00:24:00.680 --> 00:24:04.099 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:24:04.099 --> 00:24:06.859 One learns from the hadith: 00:24:06.859 --> 00:24:09.859 The permissibility of shrouding in two garments. 00:24:09.859 --> 00:24:11.859 This is the sufficient shroud. 00:24:11.859 --> 00:24:14.960 The shroud of necessity is one garment. 00:24:14.960 --> 00:24:17.960 The hadith also contains the washing of a deceased person who was in ihram with lotus leaves. 00:24:17.960 --> 00:24:21.960 This indicates that he has exited the state of ihram. 00:24:21.960 --> 00:24:25.990 It also shows that a man's ihram covers the head, but not the face. 00:24:25.990 --> 00:24:29.059 It also shows that whoever begins an act of obedience, 00:24:29.059 --> 00:24:32.059 And death intervenes before he completes it, 00:24:32.059 --> 00:24:35.059 It is hoped that Allah, the Exalted, will record him, 00:24:35.059 --> 00:24:38.059 Record him in the Hereafter among the people of that deed, 00:24:38.059 --> 00:24:42.059 And accept it from him, provided the intention was sincere. 00:24:42.059 --> 00:24:49.039 Chapter: Shrouding in a shirt, whether it suffices or not. 00:24:49.039 --> 00:24:52.809 And regarding those who shroud without a shirt. 00:24:52.809 --> 00:24:55.809 From Ibn 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with them both: 00:24:55.809 --> 00:24:59.809 When 'Abdullah Ibn Ubayy died, 00:24:59.809 --> 00:25:03.809 His son came to the Prophet, peace be upon him, 00:25:03.809 --> 00:25:06.809 And said: "O Messenger of Allah, 00:25:06.809 --> 00:25:09.809 Give me your shirt so I may shroud him in it, 00:25:09.809 --> 00:25:12.809 And pray over him, and ask forgiveness for him." 00:25:12.809 --> 00:25:16.940 The Prophet, peace be upon him, gave him his shirt. 00:25:16.940 --> 00:25:20.940 Then he said: "Inform me so I may pray over him." 00:25:20.940 --> 00:25:22.940 So he informed him. 00:25:22.940 --> 00:25:25.940 When he intended to pray over him, 00:25:25.940 --> 00:25:28.940 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, pulled him back, 00:25:28.940 --> 00:25:33.940 And said: "Has Allah not forbidden you from praying over the hypocrites?" 00:25:33.940 --> 00:25:36.000 In another narration: 00:25:36.000 --> 00:25:39.000 "And Allah has forbidden you from asking forgiveness for them." 00:25:39.000 --> 00:25:43.000 He said: "I have been given a choice between two things." 00:25:43.000 --> 00:25:48.029 He said: "Ask forgiveness for them or do not ask forgiveness for them." 00:25:48.029 --> 00:25:51.029 “Ask forgiveness for them (O Muhammad), or ask not forgiveness for them; though thou ask forgiveness for them seventy times Allah will not forgive them. That is because they disbelieved in Allah and His messenger, and Allah guideth not wrongdoing folk.” (9:80) 00:25:51.029 --> 00:25:54.029 "Allah will never forgive them." 00:25:54.029 --> 00:25:58.190 In another narration: "And I will increase it beyond seventy." 00:25:58.190 --> 00:26:01.259 So he prayed over him. 00:26:01.259 --> 00:26:04.259 In another narration: "And we prayed with him." 00:26:04.259 --> 00:26:06.289 Then it was revealed: 00:26:06.289 --> 00:26:10.289 "And do not pray over any of them who has died, ever." 00:26:10.289 --> 00:26:13.289 “And never (O Muhammad) pray for one of them who dieth, nor stand by his grave. Lo! they disbelieved in Allah and His messenger, and they died while they were evil-doers.” (9:84) 00:26:13.289 --> 00:26:17.569 Commentary on the hadith: 00:26:17.569 --> 00:26:19.569 That 'Abdullah Ibn Ubayy, 00:26:19.569 --> 00:26:22.569 Is Ibn Salul, the leader of the hypocrites. 00:26:22.569 --> 00:26:24.569 "Shroud him in it." 00:26:24.569 --> 00:26:27.569 Meaning: Make your shirt a shroud for him. 00:26:27.569 --> 00:26:28.660 "Inform me." 00:26:28.660 --> 00:26:31.660 Meaning: Notify me and tell me. 00:26:31.660 --> 00:26:33.759 "I have been given a choice between two things." 00:26:33.759 --> 00:26:36.759 Meaning: I am given the choice between two matters. 00:26:36.759 --> 00:26:38.759 Seeking forgiveness or not doing so. 00:26:38.759 --> 00:26:42.890 “Ask forgiveness for them (O Muhammad), or ask not forgiveness for them; though thou ask forgiveness for them seventy times Allah will not forgive them. That is because they disbelieved in Allah and His messenger, and Allah guideth not wrongdoing folk.” (9:80) 00:26:42.890 --> 00:26:45.890 “Ask forgiveness for them (O Muhammad), or ask not forgiveness for them; though thou ask forgiveness for them seventy times Allah will not forgive them. That is because they disbelieved in Allah and His messenger, and Allah guideth not wrongdoing folk.” (9:80) 00:26:45.890 --> 00:26:48.890 "Allah will never forgive them." 00:26:48.890 --> 00:26:51.890 For the disbeliever, neither seeking forgiveness nor deeds will benefit him, 00:26:51.890 --> 00:26:55.180 As long as he remains a disbeliever. 00:26:55.180 --> 00:26:59.180 "And do not pray over any of them who has died, ever." 00:26:59.180 --> 00:27:01.180 “And never (O Muhammad) pray for one of them who dieth, nor stand by his grave. Lo! they disbelieved in Allah and His messenger, and they died while they were evil-doers.” (9:84) 00:27:01.180 --> 00:27:04.180 Meaning: After burial, to pray for him. 00:27:04.180 --> 00:27:07.180 For the prayer of the Prophet, peace be upon him, 00:27:07.180 --> 00:27:10.180 And his standing at their graves, 00:27:10.180 --> 00:27:12.180 Is an intercession from him for them. 00:27:12.180 --> 00:27:15.559 Yet intercession does not benefit them. 00:27:15.559 --> 00:27:19.329 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:27:19.329 --> 00:27:21.329 One learns from the hadith: 00:27:21.329 --> 00:27:24.329 The prohibition of praying over a deceased disbeliever. 00:27:24.329 --> 00:27:27.329 There is a difference of opinion regarding the permissibility of washing a deceased disbeliever, 00:27:27.329 --> 00:27:30.329 And shrouding and burying him. 00:27:30.329 --> 00:27:35.329 It also shows the permissibility of asking someone who has abundance for a blessing. 00:27:35.329 --> 00:27:39.329 The hadith contains an indication of the virtue of 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, 00:27:39.329 --> 00:27:42.329 And the Qur'an being revealed in agreement with his opinion. 00:27:42.329 --> 00:27:49.309 From Jabir Ibn 'Abdullah, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said: 00:27:49.309 --> 00:27:54.309 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, came to 'Abdullah Ibn Ubayy, 00:27:54.309 --> 00:27:57.309 After he had been placed in his grave. 00:27:57.309 --> 00:27:59.309 He ordered him to be brought out, 00:27:59.309 --> 00:28:01.309 Then he placed him on his knees, 00:28:01.309 --> 00:28:04.309 And blew upon him from his saliva, 00:28:04.309 --> 00:28:06.309 And clothed him in his shirt. 00:28:06.309 --> 00:28:08.309 And Allah knows best. 00:28:08.309 --> 00:28:11.309 He had previously clothed Al-'Abbas in a shirt. 00:28:11.309 --> 00:28:13.500 In another narration: 00:28:13.500 --> 00:28:15.500 On the day of Badr, 00:28:15.500 --> 00:28:17.500 Prisoners were brought, 00:28:17.500 --> 00:28:18.500 And Al-'Abbas was brought, 00:28:18.500 --> 00:28:20.500 And he had no garment on him. 00:28:20.500 --> 00:28:25.500 The Prophet, peace be upon him, looked for a shirt, 00:28:25.500 --> 00:28:29.500 And they found the shirt of 'Abdullah Ibn Ubayy fit him. 00:28:29.500 --> 00:28:33.500 So the Prophet, peace be upon him, clothed him in it. 00:28:33.500 --> 00:28:40.500 That is why the Prophet, peace be upon him, removed his shirt that he had clothed him with. 00:28:40.500 --> 00:28:45.599 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, was wearing two shirts. 00:28:45.599 --> 00:28:47.599 The son of 'Abdullah said to him: 00:28:47.599 --> 00:28:49.599 "O Messenger of Allah, 00:28:49.599 --> 00:28:53.599 Clothe my father in your shirt that is next to your skin." 00:28:53.599 --> 00:28:57.049 Commentary on the hadith: 00:28:58.619 --> 00:29:00.619 "Grave," meaning his burial pit. 00:29:00.619 --> 00:29:03.660 "Brought out," meaning from his grave. 00:29:03.660 --> 00:29:05.660 "Blew upon him." 00:29:05.660 --> 00:29:09.660 *Nafth* is blowing with a little bit of saliva. 00:29:09.660 --> 00:29:12.720 "He had previously clothed Al-'Abbas in a shirt." 00:29:12.720 --> 00:29:20.720 Meaning: He only clothed him as a recompense for when Al-'Abbas Ibn 'Abd Al-Muttalib, may Allah be pleased with him, had clothed him in a shirt, 00:29:20.720 --> 00:29:22.720 When he arrived in Medina. 00:29:22.720 --> 00:29:26.720 This was because they could not find a shirt suitable for Al-'Abbas, 00:29:26.720 --> 00:29:29.720 Except the shirt of 'Abdullah Ibn Ubayy, 00:29:29.720 --> 00:29:32.720 Because Al-'Abbas was very tall, 00:29:32.720 --> 00:29:35.720 And likewise was 'Abdullah Ibn Ubayy. 00:29:35.720 --> 00:29:39.039 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:29:39.039 --> 00:29:41.680 One learns from the hadith: 00:29:41.680 --> 00:29:46.680 The permissibility of removing a deceased person from his grave for a need or a benefit. 00:29:46.680 --> 00:29:50.680 It also shows the permissibility of re-shrouding the deceased. 00:29:50.680 --> 00:29:53.680 The hadith indicates that a good recompense, 00:29:53.680 --> 00:29:57.680 Is something the noble person commits to, even after the death of the benefactor. 00:29:57.680 --> 00:30:02.680 The hadith also shows that a kindness done to a man's uncle is a kindness done to him.