In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
Summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari.
Abridged by Dr. 'Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammari.
Surah al-An'am.
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
“Lo! Allah (it is) Who splitteth the grain of corn and the date-stone (for sprouting). He bringeth forth the living from the dead, and is the bringer-forth of the dead from the living. Such is Allah. How then are ye perverted?” (6:95)
“Lo! Allah (it is) Who splitteth the grain of corn and the date-stone (for sprouting). He bringeth forth the living from the dead, and is the bringer-forth of the dead from the living. Such is Allah. How then are ye perverted?” (6:95)
“Lo! Allah (it is) Who splitteth the grain of corn and the date-stone (for sprouting). He bringeth forth the living from the dead, and is the bringer-forth of the dead from the living. Such is Allah. How then are ye perverted?” (6:95)
Indeed, O people, the One who alone deserves worship
is the One who splits the grain, bringing forth from it the crop,
and who brings forth every plant that grows from a pit or seed, causing trees to emerge from them.
He brings forth the living ear of grain from the dead seed,
and He brings forth the dead seed from the living ear of grain,
the living tree from the dead date-stone,
and the dead date-stone from the living tree.
The doer of all this is Allah.
So, O ignorant ones, by what ways of turning away from the truth are you turned away and diverted from what is right?
“He is the Cleaver of the Daybreak, and He hath appointed the night for stillness, and the sun and the moon for reckoning. That is the measuring of the Mighty, the Wise.” (6:96)
That is the determination of the Exalted in Might, the All-Knowing.
He is the Cleaver of the dawn's light from the darkness and blackness of the night.
He made the night a rest, because every creature that moves during the day settles down in it,
remaining at peace within its dwelling and refuge.
And He appointed the sun and the moon to move in their orbits according to a precise calculation.
This action is the determination of the One whose authority is mighty,
whom no one can resist,
the All-Knowing of the best interests of His creation and their governance.
“And He it is Who hath set for you the stars that ye may guide your course by them amid the darkness of the land and the sea. We have detailed Our revelations for a people who have knowledge.” (6:97)
“And He it is Who hath set for you the stars that ye may guide your course by them amid the darkness of the land and the sea. We have detailed Our revelations for a people who have knowledge.” (6:97)
And Allah is the One who made the stars for you, O people, as guides in the land and the sea when you lose your way,
so that you may find your way through them to the right path,
and navigate the main road away from astray paths on land and sea.
We have distinguished the proofs and detailed the evidences, O people,
so that those among you who possess knowledge of Allah may ponder,
turn away from the ignorance in which they persist,
and desist from their erroneous deeds in which they remain steadfast.
“And He it is Who hath produced you from a single being, and (hath given you) a habitation and a repository. We have detailed Our revelations for a people who have understanding.” (6:98)
“And He it is Who hath produced you from a single being, and (hath given you) a habitation and a repository. We have detailed Our revelations for a people who have understanding.” (6:98)
And your Deity is the One who originated your creation from nothing,
bringing you into existence from Adam, peace be upon him.
So among you is one residing in the womb,
and among you is one deposited in the loins.
And among you is one established upon the surface of the earth or inside it,
and among you is one settled in the grave,
or temporarily resting upon the surface of the earth.
We have clearly explained the proofs
and distinguished the evidences for a people who understand the verses and the Remembrance.
“He it is Who sendeth down water from the sky, and therewith We bring forth buds of every kind; We bring forth the green blade from which We bring forth the thick-clustered grain; and from the date-palm, from the pollen thereof, spring pendant bunches; and (We bring forth) gardens of grapes, and the olive and the pomegranate, alike and unlike. Look upon the fruit thereof, when they bear fruit, and upon its ripening. Lo! herein verily are portents for a people who believe.” (6:99)
Then We brought forth from it green foliage.
“He it is Who sendeth down water from the sky, and therewith We bring forth buds of every kind; We bring forth the green blade from which We bring forth the thick-clustered grain; and from the date-palm, from the pollen thereof, spring pendant bunches; and (We bring forth) gardens of grapes, and the olive and the pomegranate, alike and unlike. Look upon the fruit thereof, when they bear fruit, and upon its ripening. Lo! herein verily are portents for a people who believe.” (6:99)
“He it is Who sendeth down water from the sky, and therewith We bring forth buds of every kind; We bring forth the green blade from which We bring forth the thick-clustered grain; and from the date-palm, from the pollen thereof, spring pendant bunches; and (We bring forth) gardens of grapes, and the olive and the pomegranate, alike and unlike. Look upon the fruit thereof, when they bear fruit, and upon its ripening. Lo! herein verily are portents for a people who believe.” (6:99)
“He it is Who sendeth down water from the sky, and therewith We bring forth buds of every kind; We bring forth the green blade from which We bring forth the thick-clustered grain; and from the date-palm, from the pollen thereof, spring pendant bunches; and (We bring forth) gardens of grapes, and the olive and the pomegranate, alike and unlike. Look upon the fruit thereof, when they bear fruit, and upon its ripening. Lo! herein verily are portents for a people who believe.” (6:99)
Resembling each other and yet unalike.
“He it is Who sendeth down water from the sky, and therewith We bring forth buds of every kind; We bring forth the green blade from which We bring forth the thick-clustered grain; and from the date-palm, from the pollen thereof, spring pendant bunches; and (We bring forth) gardens of grapes, and the olive and the pomegranate, alike and unlike. Look upon the fruit thereof, when they bear fruit, and upon its ripening. Lo! herein verily are portents for a people who believe.” (6:99)
“He it is Who sendeth down water from the sky, and therewith We bring forth buds of every kind; We bring forth the green blade from which We bring forth the thick-clustered grain; and from the date-palm, from the pollen thereof, spring pendant bunches; and (We bring forth) gardens of grapes, and the olive and the pomegranate, alike and unlike. Look upon the fruit thereof, when they bear fruit, and upon its ripening. Lo! herein verily are portents for a people who believe.” (6:99)
He is the Deity who sent down water from the sky,
and through it We brought forth every kind of growing plant,
enabling it to grow and thrive.
From this water We brought forth green shoots from the crops;
from these green shoots We produce grain clustered in ears, layered one over the other;
and from the palm tree, its spathes bear clusters of dates hanging close to the ground.
And We also brought forth gardens of grapes,
and We produced olive and pomegranate trees, similar in their leaves yet different in their fruits—
resembling one another in creation, yet distinct in taste.
Look at its fruit when it yields, and at its ripening when it matures.
Indeed, in Allah's sending down of water from the sky,
and in all that He has enumerated in this verse among the types of His creation,
there are proofs, evidence, and clarity for a people who believe in the Oneness of Allah
and His power to accomplish whatever He wills.
Yet they assigned to Allah partners from among the jinn, though He created them,
and they falsely attributed to Him sons and daughters without knowledge.
“Yet they ascribe as partners unto Him the jinn, although He did create them, and impute falsely, without knowledge, sons and daughters unto Him. Glorified be He and High Exalted above (all) that they ascribe (unto Him).” (6:100)
They appointed the jinn as partners with Allah,
while He alone created them without any partner,
and they forged lies against Allah by fabricating that He has sons and daughters, having no knowledge of the reality of what they say,
but doing so out of sheer ignorance of Allah and His grandeur.
Exalted and High is Allah above what these ignorant ones among His creation attribute to Him!
He is the Originator of the heavens and the earth, who brought them into existence when they were nothing.
How could He have a son when it is not fitting for Allah to have a companion?
That is because He is the Creator of all things,
and nothing is hidden from Him,
nor does an atom's weight on earth or in heaven escape His knowledge.
He is All-Knowing of your deeds,
keeping precise account of them for you and against them,
so that He may recompense everyone according to their actions.
Such is Allah, your Lord!
There is no deity worthy of worship except Him,
the Creator of all things, so worship Him alone.
And He is the Guardian over all things.
He is Allah, your Lord;
it is unacceptable for your worship, and the worship of all those in the heavens and the earth, to be directed to anyone but Him,
sincerely devoted without any partner.
So humble yourselves before Him in obedience and worship,
for Allah is a Watcher and Keeper over everything He has created,
sustaining all their provisions, nourishment, governance, and management by His power.
“Vision comprehendeth Him not, but He comprehendeth (all) vision. He is the Subtile, the Aware.” (6:103)
And He is the Most Subtle, the All-Aware.
Vision cannot encompass Him,
but He encompasses all vision.
And He is the Most Subtle:
in His subtlety and power, He fashioned the vision of His creation in a way that cannot comprehend Him,
and by His knowledge, He is fully aware of what is best for His creation.
O deniers, there has indeed come to you
that by which you may discern guidance from misguidance.
So whoever beholds Allah's proofs and believes in what they demonstrate—of Allah's Oneness and the truthfulness of His Messenger—
has only secured his own good fortune, and his deeds are for his own benefit.
But whoever remains blind to their guidance,
failing to affirm faith in Allah and His Messenger, harms only himself.
And I am not a guardian over you to record your deeds and actions;
I am merely a Messenger to convey to you that with which I have been sent,
while Allah is the Ever-Watchful over you.
Just as I have diversified the verses and proofs for you, O people,
so too do I clarify My signs and proofs in everything you were ignorant of regarding My commands and prohibitions.
Yet they will say, "You have studied and learned this from the People of the Book."
We diversify the signs to make the truth clear for a people who recognize the truth when it becomes manifest to them, so that they may follow it.
“Follow that which is inspired in thee from thy Lord; there is no Allah save Him; and turn away from the idolaters.” (6:106)
And turn away from the polytheists.
“Had Allah willed, they had not been idolatrous. We have not set thee as a keeper over them, nor art thou responsible for them.” (6:107)
“Had Allah willed, they had not been idolatrous. We have not set thee as a keeper over them, nor art thou responsible for them.” (6:107)
And you are not a guardian over them.
Follow, O Muhammad, what your Lord has commanded you in His revelation,
for there is no deity worthy of sincere worship except Allah.
And leave off arguing and disputing with them.
If your Lord had willed their guidance,
He would have granted them His divine grace and guidance,
and they would not have associated anything with Him.
We have not made you a guardian over them to keep record of their deeds,
but rather We sent you to them only as a conveying Messenger.
You are not a overseer responsible for their provisions, sustenance, or protection.
“Revile not those unto whom they pray beside Allah lest they wrongfully revile Allah through ignorance. Thus unto every nation have We made their deed seem fair. Then unto their Lord is their return, and He will tell them what they used to do.” (6:108)
“Revile not those unto whom they pray beside Allah lest they wrongfully revile Allah through ignorance. Thus unto every nation have We made their deed seem fair. Then unto their Lord is their return, and He will tell them what they used to do.” (6:108)
Do not revile the false gods and rivals that the polytheists invoke besides Allah,
lest the polytheists revile Allah out of ignorance of their Lord
and through transgression without knowledge.
Thus We have made attractive to every group that unites upon a deed—whether in obedience to Allah or disobedience—
the very deeds they are united upon.
Then to their Lord is their ultimate return,
and He will confront them with the deeds they used to commit in the world,
and then recompense them accordingly.
They swore by Allah their most solemn oaths that if a sign came to them, they would surely believe in it.
Say, "Signs are only with Allah."
“And they swear a solemn oath by Allah that if there come unto them a portent they will believe therein. Say; Portents are with Allah and (so is) that which telleth you that if such came unto them they would not believe.” (6:109)
They said, "We swear by Allah that if a sign comes to us confirming what you say, O Muhammad,
like the signs that came to the nations before us,
we will surely believe that you are a Messenger from Allah."
Say, "Signs are only with Allah,
and He alone is Able to bring them to you."
But what will make you realize, O believers,
that even if the signs were to come to these polytheists, they might still not believe,
and thus hasten their own punishment?
“We confound their hearts and their eyes. As they believed not therein at the first, We let them wander blindly on in their contumacy.” (6:110)
And We turn their hearts away, diverting them from faith,
and We turn their eyes from seeing the truth and recognizing where the proof lies,
just as they refused to believe when We turned their hearts prior to the arrival of the sign.
And We leave these polytheists to wander blindly in their rebellion against Allah,
finding no guidance to the truth nor seeing what is right.