WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.200 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:05.160 --> 00:00:08.039 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari. 00:00:08.560 --> 00:00:12.740 Abridged by Dr. 'Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammari. 00:00:14.179 --> 00:00:16.359 Surah al-Anfal. 00:00:18.410 --> 00:00:24.379 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:24.379 --> 00:00:32.159 “And if they incline to peace, incline thou also to it, and trust in Allah. Lo! He, even He, is the Hearer, the Knower.” (8:61) 00:00:32.479 --> 00:00:38.479 Indeed, He is the All-Hearing, the All-Knowing. 00:00:39.969 --> 00:00:43.469 If you fear treachery and betrayal from a people, 00:00:43.990 --> 00:00:45.990 then cast their treaty back to them on equal terms. 00:00:46.289 --> 00:00:47.789 And notify them of war. 00:00:48.469 --> 00:00:52.250 If they incline toward peace and refrain from fighting you, 00:00:52.689 --> 00:00:53.810 then incline toward it as well. 00:00:54.289 --> 00:00:56.890 And entrust your affair to Allah, O Muhammad. 00:00:57.450 --> 00:01:00.990 Indeed, Allah is Hearing of what you and your enemies say. 00:01:01.509 --> 00:01:06.310 He is Knowing of what each of your factions conceals from the other. 00:01:08.219 --> 00:01:16.340 If they intend to deceive you, then sufficient for you is Allah. 00:01:16.739 --> 00:01:22.760 “And if they would deceive thee, then lo! Allah is Sufficient for thee. He it is Who supporteth thee with His help and with the believers,” (8:62) 00:01:23.859 --> 00:01:27.739 If these people intend, O Muhammad, to deceive you and plot against you, 00:01:28.340 --> 00:01:30.659 then Allah is sufficient to protect you from their deception. 00:01:31.140 --> 00:01:34.819 For He is the guarantor of making your religion prevail over all other religions. 00:01:35.459 --> 00:01:39.140 Allah is the One who strengthened you with His support and with the believers. 00:01:39.500 --> 00:01:40.780 They are the Ansar. 00:01:42.290 --> 00:01:45.010 And He brought their hearts together. 00:01:45.489 --> 00:01:53.290 “And (as for the believers) hath attuned their hearts. If thou hadst spent all that is in the earth thou couldst not have attuned their hearts, but Allah hath attuned them. Lo! He is Mighty, Wise.” (8:63) 00:01:53.290 --> 00:02:00.730 “And (as for the believers) hath attuned their hearts. If thou hadst spent all that is in the earth thou couldst not have attuned their hearts, but Allah hath attuned them. Lo! He is Mighty, Wise.” (8:63) 00:02:01.170 --> 00:02:06.049 Indeed, He is Exalted in Might, All-Wise. 00:02:07.459 --> 00:02:13.419 He united the hearts of the believers from the Aws and the Khazraj after their division and dispersion. 00:02:13.939 --> 00:02:19.300 If you had spent, O Muhammad, all that is on earth—gold, silver, and worldly goods— 00:02:19.699 --> 00:02:22.340 you could not have united their hearts with your own devices. 00:02:22.939 --> 00:02:27.539 But Allah united them through guidance, so they became harmonious and gathered together. 00:02:28.139 --> 00:02:30.979 Indeed, Allah is Exalted in Might; nothing can overcome Him. 00:02:31.379 --> 00:02:33.580 He is Wise in the governance of His creation. 00:02:35.110 --> 00:02:43.629 “O Prophet! Allah is Sufficient for thee and those who follow thee of the believers.” (8:64) 00:02:45.099 --> 00:02:49.979 The Almighty says, addressing His Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him: 00:02:50.620 --> 00:02:53.139 “O Prophet! Allah is Sufficient for thee and those who follow thee of the believers.” (8:64) 00:02:53.620 --> 00:02:56.580 And sufficient for those who follow you among the believers is Allah. 00:02:57.259 --> 00:02:59.180 He, the Exalted in praise, says to them: 00:02:59.740 --> 00:03:01.219 Rise up against your enemy. 00:03:01.780 --> 00:03:03.979 For Allah is sufficient for you in dealing with them. 00:03:04.620 --> 00:03:08.539 Do not let the multitude of their numbers or the smallness of your own numbers alarm you. 00:03:09.139 --> 00:03:11.740 For Allah is your supporter with His victory. 00:03:13.710 --> 00:03:20.789 “O Prophet! Exhort the believers to fight. If there be of you twenty steadfast they shall overcome two hundred, and if there be of you a hundred (steadfast) they shall overcome a thousand of those who disbelieve, because they (the disbelievers) are a folk without intelligence.” (8:65) 00:03:21.229 --> 00:03:29.550 If there are twenty among you who are steadfast, they will overcome two hundred. 00:03:30.030 --> 00:03:42.389 “O Prophet! Exhort the believers to fight. If there be of you twenty steadfast they shall overcome two hundred, and if there be of you a hundred (steadfast) they shall overcome a thousand of those who disbelieve, because they (the disbelievers) are a folk without intelligence.” (8:65) 00:03:42.389 --> 00:03:47.030 Because they are a people who do not understand. 00:03:48.370 --> 00:03:49.569 O Prophet, 00:03:50.169 --> 00:03:53.090 urge your followers to fight the polytheists. 00:03:53.930 --> 00:03:58.370 If there are twenty men among you who are steadfast upon meeting the enemy, 00:03:58.849 --> 00:04:02.169 they will overcome two hundred of their enemy and defeat them. 00:04:02.930 --> 00:04:05.530 And if there are one hundred among you at that time, 00:04:06.009 --> 00:04:07.889 they will overcome one thousand of them. 00:04:08.490 --> 00:04:10.770 Because they are a people who do not understand. 00:04:11.370 --> 00:04:16.089 This is because the polytheists fight without hope of reward. 00:04:17.810 --> 00:04:25.610 “Now hath Allah lightened your burden, for He knoweth that there is weakness in you. So if there be of you a steadfast hundred they shall overcome two hundred, and if there be of you a thousand (steadfast) they shall overcome two thousand by permission of Allah. Allah is with the steadfast.” (8:66) 00:04:26.089 --> 00:04:35.410 If there are one hundred among you who are steadfast, they will overcome two hundred. 00:04:35.889 --> 00:04:44.839 “Now hath Allah lightened your burden, for He knoweth that there is weakness in you. So if there be of you a steadfast hundred they shall overcome two hundred, and if there be of you a thousand (steadfast) they shall overcome two thousand by permission of Allah. Allah is with the steadfast.” (8:66) 00:04:45.240 --> 00:04:49.310 And Allah is with the steadfast. 00:04:50.939 --> 00:04:52.899 “Now hath Allah lightened your burden, for He knoweth that there is weakness in you. So if there be of you a steadfast hundred they shall overcome two hundred, and if there be of you a thousand (steadfast) they shall overcome two thousand by permission of Allah. Allah is with the steadfast.” (8:66) 00:04:53.459 --> 00:04:58.699 He knew that one of you was worth ten of the enemy in terms of strength. 00:04:59.459 --> 00:05:03.379 So if there are one hundred among you who are steadfast upon meeting them, 00:05:03.699 --> 00:05:05.579 they will overcome two hundred of them. 00:05:06.259 --> 00:05:10.060 And if there are one thousand, they will overcome two thousand of them, 00:05:10.500 --> 00:05:15.620 by Allah’s abandonment of them and His aid to you. 00:05:16.300 --> 00:05:19.779 And Allah is with those who are steadfast against their enemy and the enemy of Allah, 00:05:20.180 --> 00:05:23.180 seeking reward and desiring the immense recompense. 00:05:24.920 --> 00:05:32.199 “It is not for any prophet to have captives until he hath made slaughter in the land. Ye desire the lure of this world and Allah desireth (for you) the Hereafter, and Allah is Mighty, Wise.” (8:67) 00:05:32.839 --> 00:05:38.079 “It is not for any prophet to have captives until he hath made slaughter in the land. Ye desire the lure of this world and Allah desireth (for you) the Hereafter, and Allah is Mighty, Wise.” (8:67) 00:05:38.480 --> 00:05:42.519 And Allah is Exalted in Might, All-Wise. 00:05:43.980 --> 00:05:47.899 It is not for a prophet to have captives until he has subdued the enemy, 00:05:47.939 --> 00:05:52.500 and the idolaters have fallen into his hands, whether for ransom or for grace. 00:05:53.100 --> 00:05:55.699 Until he has exerted himself in killing the polytheists, 00:05:56.220 --> 00:05:58.620 and has overcome and subdued them. 00:05:59.259 --> 00:06:05.060 You desire, O believers, the fleeting goods of this world—wealth and possessions—by taking ransom. 00:06:05.660 --> 00:06:11.139 But Allah desires for you the beauty of the Hereafter and what He has prepared for the believers in His gardens, 00:06:11.620 --> 00:06:14.740 through your killing of them and your causing great slaughter on earth. 00:06:15.379 --> 00:06:19.100 If you desire the Hereafter, no enemy will overcome you, 00:06:19.620 --> 00:06:22.019 because Allah is Exalted in Might and cannot be overcome. 00:06:22.500 --> 00:06:25.300 He is Wise in His governance of the affairs of His creation. 00:06:36.889 --> 00:06:41.970 Had it not been for a decree from Allah that had already been written for you, the people of Badr, in the Preserved Tablet, 00:06:42.490 --> 00:06:44.930 that Allah had made the spoils lawful for you, 00:06:45.490 --> 00:06:51.209 and that He would not punish anyone who witnessed Badr with the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 00:06:51.769 --> 00:06:55.449 there would have touched you, because of your taking the spoils and ransom, 00:06:55.850 --> 00:06:57.209 a great punishment. 00:06:58.839 --> 00:07:04.879 “Now enjoy what ye have won, as lawful and good, and keep your duty to Allah. Lo! Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.” (8:69) 00:07:05.319 --> 00:07:13.040 “Now enjoy what ye have won, as lawful and good, and keep your duty to Allah. Lo! Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.” (8:69) 00:07:14.699 --> 00:07:20.459 So consume, O believers, from what you have taken as spoils of the polytheists' wealth, as lawful and good. 00:07:21.139 --> 00:07:22.980 And fear Allah, lest you return, 00:07:23.220 --> 00:07:28.939 to doing something in your religion after this, before you have been instructed regarding it, 00:07:29.500 --> 00:07:32.699 as you did in taking the ransom and consuming the spoils, 00:07:33.259 --> 00:07:36.459 and taking them both before they were made lawful for you. 00:07:37.180 --> 00:07:40.980 Indeed, Allah is Forgiving of the sins of the believers among His servants, 00:07:41.420 --> 00:07:45.500 and Merciful to them, that He would not punish them after they have repented. 00:07:53.779 --> 00:07:58.139 “O Prophet! Say unto those captives who are in your hands: If Allah knoweth any good in your hearts He will give you better than that which hath been taken from you, and will forgive you. Lo! Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.” (8:70) 00:07:58.699 --> 00:08:02.740 “O Prophet! Say unto those captives who are in your hands: If Allah knoweth any good in your hearts He will give you better than that which hath been taken from you, and will forgive you. Lo! Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.” (8:70) 00:08:03.259 --> 00:08:05.500 He will give you better. 00:08:05.980 --> 00:08:08.180 He will give you better. 00:08:08.860 --> 00:08:14.050 “O Prophet! Say unto those captives who are in your hands: If Allah knoweth any good in your hearts He will give you better than that which hath been taken from you, and will forgive you. Lo! Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.” (8:70) 00:08:14.610 --> 00:08:17.730 And Allah is Forgiving, Merciful. 00:08:18.930 --> 00:08:20.089 O Prophet, 00:08:20.529 --> 00:08:24.850 say to those among the captives of the polytheists who are in your hands and the hands of your companions: 00:08:25.370 --> 00:08:28.290 If Allah knows that there is faith in your hearts, 00:08:28.689 --> 00:08:32.169 He will give you better than what was taken from you as ransom, 00:08:32.690 --> 00:08:35.730 and He will forgive you for your disbelief in Allah. 00:08:36.330 --> 00:08:40.009 And Allah is Forgiving of the sins of His servants if they repent, 00:08:40.370 --> 00:08:44.370 and Merciful to them, that He would not punish them for those sins after repentance. 00:08:45.850 --> 00:08:54.049 “And if they would betray thee, they betrayed Allah before, and He gave (thee) power over them. Allah is Knower, Wise.” (8:71) 00:08:54.450 --> 00:08:58.769 And Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise. 00:09:00.039 --> 00:09:04.360 And if these captives who are in your hands intend to betray you, 00:09:04.840 --> 00:09:08.480 by showing you with their tongues the opposite of what is in their hearts, 00:09:09.000 --> 00:09:12.279 they have already betrayed Allah before the Battle of Badr, 00:09:12.519 --> 00:09:13.720 and He gave you power over them. 00:09:14.279 --> 00:09:19.720 And Allah is Knowing of what they say with their tongues and what they conceal in their hearts, 00:09:20.279 --> 00:09:23.960 and Wise in His governance of them and the affairs of His creation. 00:09:45.870 --> 00:09:57.000 “Lo! those who believed and left their homes and strove with their wealth and their lives for the cause of Allah, and those who took them in and helped them: these are protecting friends one of another. And those who believed but did not leave their homes, ye have no duty to protect them till they leave their homes; but if they seek help from you in the matter of religion then it is your duty to help (them) except against a folk between whom and you there is a treaty. Allah is Seer of what ye do.” (8:72) 00:09:57.320 --> 00:10:03.639 “Lo! those who believed and left their homes and strove with their wealth and their lives for the cause of Allah, and those who took them in and helped them: these are protecting friends one of another. And those who believed but did not leave their homes, ye have no duty to protect them till they leave their homes; but if they seek help from you in the matter of religion then it is your duty to help (them) except against a folk between whom and you there is a treaty. Allah is Seer of what ye do.” (8:72) 00:10:04.120 --> 00:10:13.000 “Lo! those who believed and left their homes and strove with their wealth and their lives for the cause of Allah, and those who took them in and helped them: these are protecting friends one of another. And those who believed but did not leave their homes, ye have no duty to protect them till they leave their homes; but if they seek help from you in the matter of religion then it is your duty to help (them) except against a folk between whom and you there is a treaty. Allah is Seer of what ye do.” (8:72) 00:10:13.000 --> 00:10:18.200 And Allah is Seeing of what you do. 00:10:43.820 --> 00:10:48.299 Meaning the Muhajirun and the Ansar; they are allies to one another. 00:10:48.779 --> 00:10:53.419 They are brothers to one another, to the exclusion of their disbelieving relatives. 00:10:53.899 --> 00:10:58.539 And those who believed in Allah and His Messenger but did not leave the land of disbelief, 00:10:58.940 --> 00:11:03.419 you have no obligation, O believers, to support them or inherit from them, 00:11:03.899 --> 00:11:06.779 until they migrate to the land of Islam. 00:11:07.500 --> 00:11:11.740 But if they seek your help, those who believed but did not migrate, 00:11:11.980 --> 00:11:17.019 because they are of your religion, against your enemies and theirs among the polytheists, 00:11:17.580 --> 00:11:22.139 then it is your duty, O believers—the Muhajirun and the Ansar—to support them, 00:11:22.620 --> 00:11:27.019 unless they seek your help against a people with whom you have a treaty, 00:11:27.500 --> 00:11:31.340 which you have established with one another, that you will not fight them. 00:11:32.039 --> 00:11:35.720 And Allah, regarding what He has commanded you and forbidden you, 00:11:36.120 --> 00:11:40.279 and other than that of the obligations of Allah which He has imposed upon you, 00:11:40.759 --> 00:11:42.759 is Seeing; He sees and observes it. 00:11:43.320 --> 00:11:47.000 Nothing of that or anything else is hidden from Him. 00:11:48.649 --> 00:11:54.009 “And those who disbelieve are protectors one of another - If ye do not so, there will be confusion in the land, and great corruption.” (8:73) 00:11:54.570 --> 00:12:04.250 “And those who disbelieve are protectors one of another - If ye do not so, there will be confusion in the land, and great corruption.” (8:73) 00:12:05.929 --> 00:12:08.250 And those who disbelieved in Allah and His Messenger, 00:12:08.730 --> 00:12:11.370 they are allies and supporters of one another. 00:12:12.009 --> 00:12:16.730 If you do not do what I have commanded you regarding cooperation and support for the sake of the religion, 00:12:17.370 --> 00:12:21.690 corruption will occur on earth because of that, and acts of disobedience to Allah. 00:12:23.159 --> 00:12:28.679 “Those who believed and left their homes and strove for the cause of Allah, and those who took them in and helped them - these are the believers in truth. For them is pardon, and bountiful provision.” (8:74) 00:12:28.679 --> 00:12:38.600 “Those who believed and left their homes and strove for the cause of Allah, and those who took them in and helped them - these are the believers in truth. For them is pardon, and bountiful provision.” (8:74) 00:12:39.240 --> 00:12:46.840 For them is forgiveness and a noble provision. 00:12:48.399 --> 00:12:52.320 “Those who believed and left their homes and strove for the cause of Allah, and those who took them in and helped them - these are the believers in truth. For them is pardon, and bountiful provision.” (8:74) 00:12:52.879 --> 00:12:58.159 And those who sheltered the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, and the Muhajirun with him, 00:12:58.639 --> 00:13:00.159 and supported the religion of Allah, 00:13:00.799 --> 00:13:04.720 they are the true believers in Allah and His Messenger, 00:13:05.200 --> 00:13:08.000 not those who believed but did not migrate from the land of disbelief. 00:13:08.639 --> 00:13:11.279 For them is a covering from Allah for their sins, 00:13:11.840 --> 00:13:15.919 and for them in Paradise is food and drink, pleasant and noble, 00:13:16.480 --> 00:13:20.080 which does not change in their bodies to become waste, 00:13:20.639 --> 00:13:23.919 but rather becomes a perspiration like the scent of musk. 00:13:25.450 --> 00:13:35.610 “And those who afterwards believed and left their homes and strove along with you, they are of you; and those who are akin are nearer one to another in the ordinance of Allah. Lo! Allah is Knower of all things.” (8:75) 00:13:36.169 --> 00:13:43.289 And those of blood relations are more entitled to one another in the Book of Allah. 00:13:43.769 --> 00:13:50.570 Indeed, Allah is Knowing of all things. 00:13:52.519 --> 00:13:57.559 And those who believed in Allah and His Messenger after I have explained what I have explained, 00:13:58.039 --> 00:14:01.720 regarding the alliance of the Muhajirun and the Ansar to one another, 00:14:02.279 --> 00:14:05.240 and migrated from the land of disbelief to the land of Islam, 00:14:05.799 --> 00:14:08.360 and struggled alongside you, O believers, 00:14:08.840 --> 00:14:11.080 they are of you in alliance. 00:14:11.639 --> 00:14:16.200 You owe them the rights of support in the religion and inheritance. 00:14:16.840 --> 00:14:21.320 And those related by blood are more entitled to one another in inheritance, 00:14:21.799 --> 00:14:29.799 if they are among those for whom Allah has ordained a share and portion in the decree of Allah which He wrote in the Preserved Tablet. 00:14:30.509 --> 00:14:37.710 Indeed, Allah is Knowing of what is best for His servants in terms of their inheritance from one another through kinship and lineage, 00:14:38.269 --> 00:14:44.269 and of all other matters; nothing of them is hidden from Him.