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In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

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And the city of Madinah grew dark.

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The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, acted with gentleness

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in informing the Companions of the nearness of his passing.

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The time of the Prophet, peace be upon him, drew near and approached,

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so he began to remind his Companions that his end was near.

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Whenever they heard anything of this hadith from him, peace be upon him,

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they would burst into tears.

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For Abu Muwayhibah, the freed slave of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said:

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"The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, woke me in the night,

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and said, 'O Abu Muwayhibah,

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I have been commanded to seek forgiveness for the people of al-Baqi'.'

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So I went out with him until we reached al-Baqi'.

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He raised his hands and sought forgiveness for them for a long time.

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Then he said,

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'May you be congratulated for what you have reached,

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compared to what the people have reached.

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Trials have approached like pieces of a dark night,

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the latter part of which follows the former,

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and the latter is worse than the former.'

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'O Abu Muwayhibah,

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I have been given the keys to the treasures of the world,

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and eternity therein, then Paradise.

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I was given the choice between that and meeting my Lord and Paradise.'

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I said, 'O Messenger of Allah,

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may my father and mother be sacrificed for you,

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take the keys to the treasures of the world and eternity therein, then Paradise.'

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He said,

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'By Allah, O Abu Muwayhibah,

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I have chosen to meet my Lord and Paradise.'"

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Then the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, departed.

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When morning came,

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he began the illness in which Allah took his soul.

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During that time, he, peace be upon him,

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would frequently remind them and counsel them to be good regarding their religion.

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Mu'adh Ibn Jabal, may Allah be pleased with him, narrated that he said:

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"When the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, sent him to Yemen,

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the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, went out with him to counsel him,

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while Mu'adh was riding,

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and the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, was walking beside his mount.

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When he finished, he said,

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'O Mu'adh,

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you may perhaps not meet me after this year of mine,

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or you may perhaps pass by this mosque of mine or my grave.'

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Mu'adh wept out of grief for the departure of the Prophet, peace be upon him.

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It is as if I can see him, peace be upon him,

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acting gently by informing them,

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so as to bid them farewell with those counsels."

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Abu Dawud recorded

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from al-'Irbad Ibn Sariyah, who said:

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"The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, led us in prayer one day,

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then he turned to us and gave us an eloquent sermon,

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from which eyes shed tears and hearts trembled.

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Someone said,

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'O Messenger of Allah,

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this is the sermon of one bidding farewell.'

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Thus,

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they, may Allah be pleased with them, realized the magnitude of the calamity.

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It was the passing of the Prophet, peace be upon him.

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They knew this from his manner, peace be upon him,

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in counseling them

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and his eloquent sermon.

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That is why the Prophet, peace be upon him,

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would urge his Companions to meet him

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and sit with him frequently.

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As Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, narrated, saying:

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The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said,

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"By Him in Whose hand is the soul of Muhammad,

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a day will come upon one of you when he will not see me,

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and then, to see me would be dearer to him than his family and wealth combined."

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Al-Nawawi commented,

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"The intent of the hadith

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is to urge them to keep to his noble company, peace be upon him."

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Abu Sa'id al-Khudri, may Allah be pleased with him, also narrates

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another hadith from the Prophet, peace be upon him,

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in which he explains the method of the Prophet, peace be upon him, in preparing his Companions

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for the news of his death, peace be upon him.

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He said: "The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, sat on the pulpit

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and said, 'A servant was given a choice by Allah between being given the splendor of the world

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and what is with Him,

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and he chose what is with Him.'

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Abu Bakr wept and wept,

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and said, 'We sacrifice our fathers and mothers for you.'

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He said: "The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, was the one given the choice,

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and Abu Bakr was the most knowledgeable of us regarding him."

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Ibn Hajar said:

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"It is as if Abu Bakr understood the allusion the Prophet, peace be upon him, made

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from the context of him mentioning that during his final illness,

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so he sensed that he meant himself,

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and that is why he wept."

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Then the Prophet, peace be upon him, went out

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to visit the graves of the martyrs at Uhud,

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as if he were bidding farewell to the living and the dead.

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'Uqbah Ibn 'Amir, may Allah be pleased with him, said:

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"The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, prayed for the martyrs of Uhud

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after eight years,

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like one bidding farewell to the living and the dead."

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Then he ascended the pulpit and said,

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"I am a forerunner for you,

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and I am a witness over you.

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Your appointment is at the Basin (al-Hawd),

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and I am looking at it from this place of mine.

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I do not fear that you will associate partners with Allah after me,

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but I fear for you the world, that you might compete for it."

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He said:

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"That was the last look I had of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him."

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Then the Prophet, peace be upon him, entered upon his wives,

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and the symptoms of the illness in which he passed away appeared upon him.

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Asma' Bint 'Umays, may Allah be pleased with her, said:

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"The first time the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, fell ill

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was in the house of Maymunah,

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and his illness became so severe that he fainted.

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The Muslims recorded a similar hadith from 'A'ishah.

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The following hadith shows

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how the illness intensified for the Prophet, peace be upon him, in those moments,

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and how his wives tried to nurse him

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or alleviate the severity of the illness.

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Asma' Bint 'Umays, may Allah be pleased with her, says:

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"His illness became severe until he fainted.

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His wives consulted about administering medicine to him (ladud),

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so they administered it. When he recovered, he said,

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'This is the work of women who have come from there,'

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and he pointed to the land of Abyssinia,

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and Asma' Bint 'Umays was among them.

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They said, 'We suspected you had pleurisy, O Messenger of Allah.'

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He said, 'That is a disease that Allah would not afflict me with.

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Let no one remain in the house without being administered the same medicine.'"

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Al-Bukhari recorded the report via 'A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her.

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She said, may Allah be pleased with her:

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"We administered medicine to him during his illness.

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He began to signal to us not to administer it to him.

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We said, 'It is the dislike of a sick person for medicine.'

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When he recovered, he said,

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'Did I not forbid you from administering medicine to me?'

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We said, 'It is the dislike of a sick person for medicine.'

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He said, 'Let no one remain in the house without being administered it while I watch,

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except for al-'Abbas, for he was not present with you.'"

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'A'ishah, Mother of the Believers, may Allah be pleased with her, narrates

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another complaint that appeared on the Prophet, peace be upon him,

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after his return from the funeral of one of his Companions.

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'A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, says:

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"The Prophet, peace be upon him, returned to me one day from a funeral in al-Baqi',

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and he found me while I was suffering from a headache,

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and I was saying, 'Oh, my head!'

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He said, 'Rather, I am the one who should say, "Oh, my head!" O 'A'ishah.'

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He said, 'What would it harm you if you died before me,

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so that I could wash you and shroud you?'

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She said, 'It is as if I can see you, by Allah, if you did that,

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you would return to my house and celebrate a wedding with some of your wives.'

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She said: The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, smiled.

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Then he began the illness in which he died."

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As for his illness, peace be upon him, and its severity,

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here is the hadith of 'A'ishah, Abu Sa'id, and Ibn Mas'ud.

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'A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, said:

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"I have never seen anyone suffer more severe pain than the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him."

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As for the hadith of Abu Sa'id,

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we have already shown some of what the Prophet, peace be upon him, was suffering in those moments.

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Abu Sa'id said:

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"I entered upon the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, while he was feverish,

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and I placed my hand upon him,

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and I felt the heat of his fever with my hand over the quilt.

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I said, 'O Messenger of Allah, how severe it is upon you!'

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He said, 'It is so; the trial is doubled for us, and the reward is doubled for us.'"

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'Abdullah Ibn Mas'ud, may Allah be pleased with him, said:

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"I came to the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, during his illness,

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and he was suffering from a severe fever."

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The illness increased upon the Prophet, peace be upon him, and became heavy,

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and he would look forward to his day with 'A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, and ask about it,

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as the hadiths in the following paragraph indicate.

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And the city of Madinah grew dark.