WEBVTT 00:00:00.050 --> 00:00:03.770 In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful. 00:00:03.770 --> 00:00:13.240 Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. 00:00:13.240 --> 00:00:17.800 An Abridgment of the Prophetic Biography (Seerah), 00:00:17.800 --> 00:00:23.149 authored by Sheikh Musa ibn Rashid al-'Azimi, 00:00:23.149 --> 00:00:25.149 may Allah preserve him. 00:00:25.149 --> 00:00:33.320 The Mutiny of 'Abdullah ibn Ubayy and His Companions. 00:00:33.320 --> 00:00:35.920 Before daybreak on Saturday, 00:00:35.920 --> 00:00:39.920 the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, set out in the last part of the night. 00:00:39.920 --> 00:00:41.920 When he reached ash-Shawt, 00:00:41.920 --> 00:00:43.920 he led the Fajr prayer, 00:00:43.920 --> 00:00:46.920 being very close to the enemy. 00:00:46.920 --> 00:00:49.920 It was there that 'Abdullah ibn Ubayy ibn Salul withdrew 00:00:49.920 --> 00:00:51.920 with roughly a third of the army, 00:00:51.920 --> 00:00:53.920 consisting of three hundred men, 00:00:53.920 --> 00:00:55.920 declaring: 00:00:55.920 --> 00:01:00.920 "O people, we do not see why we should get ourselves killed here!" 00:01:00.920 --> 00:01:04.920 So he returned with those of his people who followed him, the hypocrites and doubters. 00:01:04.920 --> 00:01:09.920 'Abdullah ibn 'Amr ibn Haram, may Allah be pleased with him, pursued them, 00:01:09.920 --> 00:01:11.920 and said to them: 00:01:11.920 --> 00:01:12.920 "O my people, 00:01:12.920 --> 00:01:14.920 I remind you of Allah! 00:01:14.920 --> 00:01:19.920 Do not abandon your people and your Prophet when their enemy has arrived." 00:01:19.920 --> 00:01:21.950 They replied: 00:01:21.950 --> 00:01:25.950 "If we knew that you were going to fight, we would not have surrendered you, 00:01:25.950 --> 00:01:29.950 but we do not believe there will be any fighting." 00:01:29.950 --> 00:01:31.950 When they defied him 00:01:31.950 --> 00:01:34.950 and insisted upon leaving them, 00:01:34.950 --> 00:01:36.950 he, may Allah be pleased with him, said: 00:01:36.950 --> 00:01:39.950 "May Allah banish you, O enemies of Allah! 00:01:39.950 --> 00:01:45.049 Allah will surely make His Prophet, peace be upon him, independent of you." 00:01:45.049 --> 00:01:50.049 And concerning these hypocrites, Allah revealed His saying: 00:01:50.049 --> 00:01:58.049 “That which befell you, on the day when the two armies met, was by permission of Allah; that He might know the true believers;” (3:166) 00:01:58.049 --> 00:02:07.049 “And that He might know the hypocrites, unto whom it was said: Come, fight in the way of Allah, or defend yourselves. They answered: If we knew aught of fighting we would follow you. On that day they were nearer disbelief than faith. They utter with their mouths a thing which is not in their hearts. Allah is Best Aware of what they hide.” (3:167) 00:02:07.049 --> 00:02:11.050 “And that He might know the hypocrites, unto whom it was said: Come, fight in the way of Allah, or defend yourselves. They answered: If we knew aught of fighting we would follow you. On that day they were nearer disbelief than faith. They utter with their mouths a thing which is not in their hearts. Allah is Best Aware of what they hide.” (3:167) 00:02:11.050 --> 00:02:17.050 “And that He might know the hypocrites, unto whom it was said: Come, fight in the way of Allah, or defend yourselves. They answered: If we knew aught of fighting we would follow you. On that day they were nearer disbelief than faith. They utter with their mouths a thing which is not in their hearts. Allah is Best Aware of what they hide.” (3:167) 00:02:17.050 --> 00:02:22.050 “And that He might know the hypocrites, unto whom it was said: Come, fight in the way of Allah, or defend yourselves. They answered: If we knew aught of fighting we would follow you. On that day they were nearer disbelief than faith. They utter with their mouths a thing which is not in their hearts. Allah is Best Aware of what they hide.” (3:167) 00:02:22.050 --> 00:02:26.050 “And that He might know the hypocrites, unto whom it was said: Come, fight in the way of Allah, or defend yourselves. They answered: If we knew aught of fighting we would follow you. On that day they were nearer disbelief than faith. They utter with their mouths a thing which is not in their hearts. Allah is Best Aware of what they hide.” (3:167) 00:02:26.050 --> 00:02:29.050 And concerning them, His saying was revealed: 00:02:29.050 --> 00:02:36.050 “What aileth you that ye are become two parties regarding the hypocrites, when Allah cast them back (to disbelief) because of what they earned? Seek ye to guide him whom Allah hath sent astray? He whom Allah sendeth astray, for him thou (O MUhammad) canst not find a road.” (4:88) 00:02:36.050 --> 00:02:39.050 The two Sheikhs reported in their Sahihs 00:02:39.050 --> 00:02:43.050 on the authority of Zayd ibn Thabit, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:02:43.050 --> 00:02:48.050 "When the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, set out for the Battle of Uhud, 00:02:48.050 --> 00:02:51.050 some of those who had gone out with him turned back. 00:02:51.050 --> 00:02:56.050 The Companions of the Prophet, peace be upon him, were split into two groups regarding them: 00:02:56.050 --> 00:02:59.050 one group said, 'We should fight them,' 00:02:59.050 --> 00:03:03.050 while the other said, 'We should not fight them.' 00:03:03.050 --> 00:03:05.050 Thereupon, it was revealed: 00:03:05.050 --> 00:03:12.050 “What aileth you that ye are become two parties regarding the hypocrites, when Allah cast them back (to disbelief) because of what they earned? Seek ye to guide him whom Allah hath sent astray? He whom Allah sendeth astray, for him thou (O MUhammad) canst not find a road.” (4:88) 00:03:12.050 --> 00:03:17.050 Al-Hafiz said in al-Fath: "This is the sound explanation for the occasion of its revelation." 00:03:17.050 --> 00:03:23.710 The Swaying of Banu Salimah and Banu Harithah by the Hypocrites. 00:03:23.710 --> 00:03:28.939 Banu Salimah and Banu Harithah were swayed by the words of Ibn Salul, 00:03:28.939 --> 00:03:30.939 and both clans contemplated turning back, 00:03:30.939 --> 00:03:35.939 but Allah protected them from doing so and kept them firm. 00:03:35.939 --> 00:03:37.939 Allah Almighty said: 00:03:37.939 --> 00:03:43.939 “When two parties of you almost fell away, and Allah was their Protecting Friend. In Allah let believers put their trust.” (3:122) 00:03:43.939 --> 00:03:45.939 "and Allah was their protector, 00:03:45.939 --> 00:03:49.939 and upon Allah let the believers rely." 00:03:49.939 --> 00:03:51.939 Imam al-Qurtubi said: 00:03:51.939 --> 00:03:53.939 "The two groups were 00:03:53.939 --> 00:03:55.939 Banu Salimah of al-Khazraj 00:03:55.939 --> 00:03:58.939 and Banu Harithah of al-Aws, 00:03:58.939 --> 00:04:02.939 and they formed the two flanks of the army on the day of Uhud." 00:04:02.939 --> 00:04:05.939 The two Sheikhs reported in their Sahihs 00:04:05.939 --> 00:04:09.939 on the authority of Jabir ibn 'Abdullah, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said: 00:04:09.939 --> 00:04:11.939 "Concerning us was revealed: 00:04:11.939 --> 00:04:16.939 “When two parties of you almost fell away, and Allah was their Protecting Friend. In Allah let believers put their trust.” (3:122) 00:04:16.939 --> 00:04:18.939 'and Allah was their protector.' 00:04:18.939 --> 00:04:20.939 We are the two groups: 00:04:20.939 --> 00:04:23.939 Banu Harithah and Banu Salimah, 00:04:23.939 --> 00:04:26.939 and we would not have liked it had it not been revealed, 00:04:26.939 --> 00:04:30.939 — and Sufyan once said: 'it would not have pleased me' — 00:04:30.939 --> 00:04:36.629 on account of Allah's words: 'and Allah was their protector.'" 00:04:36.629 --> 00:04:40.629 The Messenger's Resumption, peace be upon him, 00:04:40.629 --> 00:04:42.629 of his march toward Uhud. 00:04:42.629 --> 00:04:47.180 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, advanced 00:04:47.180 --> 00:04:51.180 after the hypocrites turned back, with the remainder of the army, 00:04:51.180 --> 00:04:54.180 who numbered seven hundred fighters. 00:04:54.180 --> 00:04:55.180 Opinions differ 00:04:55.180 --> 00:04:59.209 as to whether they had any cavalry with them or not. 00:04:59.209 --> 00:05:02.209 He continued until he reached the mountain pass of Uhud, 00:05:02.209 --> 00:05:05.209 encamping at the edge of the valley toward the mountain. 00:05:05.209 --> 00:05:08.209 He deployed his army facing Madinah, 00:05:08.209 --> 00:05:12.209 keeping the mountain of Uhud to his back, 00:05:12.209 --> 00:05:15.209 and placing the Mount of 'Aynayn on his left. 00:05:15.209 --> 00:05:17.209 In this manner, 00:05:17.209 --> 00:05:24.060 the enemy army became positioned between the Muslims and Madinah. 00:05:24.060 --> 00:05:29.060 The Prophet's Deployment of His Army 00:05:29.060 --> 00:05:32.420 and His Instructions to the Archers. 00:05:32.420 --> 00:05:35.420 On the morning of Saturday, 00:05:35.420 --> 00:05:37.420 the fifteenth of Shawwal, 00:05:37.420 --> 00:05:43.420 the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, arrayed his Companions for battle. 00:05:43.420 --> 00:05:46.420 He selected the most skilled archers from among them, 00:05:46.420 --> 00:05:48.420 fifty archers in number, 00:05:48.420 --> 00:05:52.420 and placed 'Abdullah ibn Jubayr ibn an-Nu'man 00:05:52.420 --> 00:05:56.420 al-Ansari al-Awsi, the veteran of Badr, may Allah be pleased with him, in command over them. 00:05:56.420 --> 00:06:00.420 He ordered them to take their position on a small hill 00:06:00.420 --> 00:06:03.420 known later as the Mount of the Archers. 00:06:03.420 --> 00:06:07.420 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, gave them 00:06:07.420 --> 00:06:10.420 clear and unambiguous orders, 00:06:10.420 --> 00:06:13.420 saying: "Protect our backs. 00:06:13.420 --> 00:06:17.420 If you see us being killed, do not come to our aid, 00:06:17.420 --> 00:06:20.420 and if you see that we have taken spoils, 00:06:20.420 --> 00:06:22.509 do not join us." 00:06:22.509 --> 00:06:25.509 Imam al-Bukhari and Abu Dawud reported 00:06:25.509 --> 00:06:29.509 on the authority of al-Bara' ibn 'Azib, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said: 00:06:29.509 --> 00:06:35.509 "The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, appointed over the archers on the day of Uhud 00:06:35.509 --> 00:06:37.509 — and they were fifty men — 00:06:37.509 --> 00:06:39.509 'Abdullah ibn Jubayr, 00:06:39.509 --> 00:06:40.509 and said: 00:06:40.509 --> 00:06:43.509 'If you see birds snatching us, 00:06:43.509 --> 00:06:48.509 do not leave this position of yours until I send for you; 00:06:48.509 --> 00:06:52.509 and if you see that we have defeated the enemy and routed them, 00:06:52.509 --> 00:06:56.509 do not leave until I send for you.'" 00:06:56.509 --> 00:06:59.509 In another narration in Sahih al-Bukhari, 00:06:59.509 --> 00:07:03.509 on the authority of al-Bara' ibn 'Azib, may Allah be pleased with them both, he said: 00:07:03.509 --> 00:07:07.509 "The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: 00:07:07.509 --> 00:07:09.509 'Do not leave your post. 00:07:09.509 --> 00:07:13.509 If you see us victorious over them, do not leave your post; 00:07:13.509 --> 00:07:17.509 and if you see them prevailing over us, do not come to our aid.'" 00:07:17.509 --> 00:07:21.509 By positioning this detachment upon the mountain, 00:07:21.509 --> 00:07:24.509 accompanied by these strict military orders, 00:07:24.509 --> 00:07:29.509 the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, sealed the only gap 00:07:29.509 --> 00:07:32.509 through which the polytheist cavalry 00:07:32.509 --> 00:07:36.509 could infiltrate behind the Muslim ranks 00:07:36.509 --> 00:07:40.509 to execute an outflanking maneuver and encircle them. 00:07:41.509 --> 00:07:46.019 An Abridgment of the Prophetic Biography (Seerah). 00:07:46.019 --> 00:07:52.019 Though the longing mortals feel for one another may endure, 00:07:52.019 --> 00:07:59.180 the longing directed toward you knows no bounds. 00:07:59.180 --> 00:08:06.439 May Allah send blessings upon you as long as the call to prayer is raised, 00:08:06.439 --> 00:08:15.370 and lips move with words that remain.