WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.399 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:03.399 --> 00:00:08.619 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari. 00:00:08.619 --> 00:00:14.140 Abridged by Dr. ‘Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammar. 00:00:14.140 --> 00:00:17.730 Surah al-Ma’idah. 00:00:17.730 --> 00:00:21.929 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:21.929 --> 00:00:27.789 “In the day when Allah gathereth together the messengers, and saith: What was your response (from mankind)? they say: We have no knowledge. Lo! Thou, only Thou art the Knower of Things Hidden,” (5:109) 00:00:27.789 --> 00:00:30.789 “In the day when Allah gathereth together the messengers, and saith: What was your response (from mankind)? they say: We have no knowledge. Lo! Thou, only Thou art the Knower of Things Hidden,” (5:109) 00:00:30.789 --> 00:00:38.700 Indeed, You are the Knower of the unseen. 00:00:38.700 --> 00:00:42.700 And beware of the Day when Allah will gather the messengers and say, 00:00:42.700 --> 00:00:45.500 "What was the response you received from your nations?" 00:00:45.500 --> 00:00:49.700 When you called them to monotheism and to acknowledge it. 00:00:49.700 --> 00:00:55.500 They will say, "We have no knowledge; You are the One who knows more than we do." 00:00:55.500 --> 00:00:59.700 Indeed, nothing of our knowledge is hidden from You, 00:00:59.700 --> 00:01:04.439 nor any other knowledge, whether hidden or manifest. 00:01:04.439 --> 00:01:07.840 When Allah said, "O ‘Isa ibn Maryam, 00:01:07.840 --> 00:01:11.840 “When Allah saith: O Jesus, son of Mary! Remember My favour unto thee and unto thy mother; how I strengthened thee with the holy Spirit, so that thou spakest unto mankind in the cradle as in maturity; and how I taught thee the Scripture and Wisdom and the Torah and the Gospel; and how thou didst shape of clay as it were the likeness of a bird by My permission, and didst blow upon it and it was a bird by My permission, and thou didst heal him who was born blind and the leper by My permission; and how thou didst raise the dead by My permission; and how I restrained the Children of Israel from (harming) thee when thou camest unto them with clear proofs, and those of them who disbelieved exclaimed: This is naught else than mere magic;” (5:110) 00:01:11.840 --> 00:01:16.840 when I supported you with the Holy Spirit [Jibril], 00:01:16.840 --> 00:01:22.239 “When Allah saith: O Jesus, son of Mary! Remember My favour unto thee and unto thy mother; how I strengthened thee with the holy Spirit, so that thou spakest unto mankind in the cradle as in maturity; and how I taught thee the Scripture and Wisdom and the Torah and the Gospel; and how thou didst shape of clay as it were the likeness of a bird by My permission, and didst blow upon it and it was a bird by My permission, and thou didst heal him who was born blind and the leper by My permission; and how thou didst raise the dead by My permission; and how I restrained the Children of Israel from (harming) thee when thou camest unto them with clear proofs, and those of them who disbelieved exclaimed: This is naught else than mere magic;” (5:110) 00:01:22.239 --> 00:01:30.239 “When Allah saith: O Jesus, son of Mary! Remember My favour unto thee and unto thy mother; how I strengthened thee with the holy Spirit, so that thou spakest unto mankind in the cradle as in maturity; and how I taught thee the Scripture and Wisdom and the Torah and the Gospel; and how thou didst shape of clay as it were the likeness of a bird by My permission, and didst blow upon it and it was a bird by My permission, and thou didst heal him who was born blind and the leper by My permission; and how thou didst raise the dead by My permission; and how I restrained the Children of Israel from (harming) thee when thou camest unto them with clear proofs, and those of them who disbelieved exclaimed: This is naught else than mere magic;” (5:110) 00:01:30.239 --> 00:01:35.040 “When Allah saith: O Jesus, son of Mary! Remember My favour unto thee and unto thy mother; how I strengthened thee with the holy Spirit, so that thou spakest unto mankind in the cradle as in maturity; and how I taught thee the Scripture and Wisdom and the Torah and the Gospel; and how thou didst shape of clay as it were the likeness of a bird by My permission, and didst blow upon it and it was a bird by My permission, and thou didst heal him who was born blind and the leper by My permission; and how thou didst raise the dead by My permission; and how I restrained the Children of Israel from (harming) thee when thou camest unto them with clear proofs, and those of them who disbelieved exclaimed: This is naught else than mere magic;” (5:110) 00:01:35.040 --> 00:01:41.239 and you would breathe into it [the clay figure], 00:01:41.239 --> 00:01:45.040 and it would become a bird by My permission. 00:01:45.040 --> 00:01:49.439 “When Allah saith: O Jesus, son of Mary! Remember My favour unto thee and unto thy mother; how I strengthened thee with the holy Spirit, so that thou spakest unto mankind in the cradle as in maturity; and how I taught thee the Scripture and Wisdom and the Torah and the Gospel; and how thou didst shape of clay as it were the likeness of a bird by My permission, and didst blow upon it and it was a bird by My permission, and thou didst heal him who was born blind and the leper by My permission; and how thou didst raise the dead by My permission; and how I restrained the Children of Israel from (harming) thee when thou camest unto them with clear proofs, and those of them who disbelieved exclaimed: This is naught else than mere magic;” (5:110) 00:01:49.439 --> 00:01:53.239 And when you brought forth the dead by My permission. 00:01:53.239 --> 00:01:59.040 “When Allah saith: O Jesus, son of Mary! Remember My favour unto thee and unto thy mother; how I strengthened thee with the holy Spirit, so that thou spakest unto mankind in the cradle as in maturity; and how I taught thee the Scripture and Wisdom and the Torah and the Gospel; and how thou didst shape of clay as it were the likeness of a bird by My permission, and didst blow upon it and it was a bird by My permission, and thou didst heal him who was born blind and the leper by My permission; and how thou didst raise the dead by My permission; and how I restrained the Children of Israel from (harming) thee when thou camest unto them with clear proofs, and those of them who disbelieved exclaimed: This is naught else than mere magic;” (5:110) 00:01:59.040 --> 00:02:06.840 When you came to them with clear proofs, 00:02:06.840 --> 00:02:09.840 “When Allah saith: O Jesus, son of Mary! Remember My favour unto thee and unto thy mother; how I strengthened thee with the holy Spirit, so that thou spakest unto mankind in the cradle as in maturity; and how I taught thee the Scripture and Wisdom and the Torah and the Gospel; and how thou didst shape of clay as it were the likeness of a bird by My permission, and didst blow upon it and it was a bird by My permission, and thou didst heal him who was born blind and the leper by My permission; and how thou didst raise the dead by My permission; and how I restrained the Children of Israel from (harming) thee when thou camest unto them with clear proofs, and those of them who disbelieved exclaimed: This is naught else than mere magic;” (5:110) 00:02:09.840 --> 00:02:16.240 those who disbelieved among them said, 'This is nothing but clear magic.'" 00:02:16.240 --> 00:02:19.240 When Allah said, "O ‘Isa, 00:02:19.240 --> 00:02:22.840 remember My favors upon you and upon your mother, 00:02:22.840 --> 00:02:25.039 when I aided you with Jibril, 00:02:25.039 --> 00:02:29.069 so that you spoke to the people in the cradle and in maturity. 00:02:29.069 --> 00:02:33.270 And remember also My favor upon you when I taught you writing, 00:02:33.270 --> 00:02:36.469 and the understanding of the meanings of the Torah and the Gospel. 00:02:36.469 --> 00:02:39.270 And when you fashioned from clay the likeness of a bird, 00:02:39.270 --> 00:02:43.069 with My help and by My knowledge of it, 00:02:43.069 --> 00:02:45.069 and you breathed into the form, 00:02:45.069 --> 00:02:48.870 and the form and shape became a bird by My permission. 00:02:48.870 --> 00:02:52.069 And you healed the blind who could see nothing, 00:02:52.069 --> 00:02:54.069 and the leper by My permission. 00:02:54.069 --> 00:02:58.870 And remember also My favor upon you when I restrained the Children of Israel from you, 00:02:58.870 --> 00:03:04.469 for they intended to kill you when you came to them with miraculous proofs of your prophethood. 00:03:04.469 --> 00:03:07.469 Then those who denied your prophethood said, 00:03:07.469 --> 00:03:09.870 'This is nothing but magic,' 00:03:09.870 --> 00:03:15.270 making it clear to anyone who saw and considered it that it was magic with no reality to it. 00:03:16.139 --> 00:03:23.139 “And when I inspired the disciples, (saying): Believe in Me and in My messenger, they said: We believe. Bear witness that we have surrendered (unto Thee) "we are muslims".” (5:111) 00:03:23.139 --> 00:03:30.340 “And when I inspired the disciples, (saying): Believe in Me and in My messenger, they said: We believe. Bear witness that we have surrendered (unto Thee) "we are muslims".” (5:111) 00:03:30.340 --> 00:03:35.990 And remember also, O ‘Isa, when I cast into the hearts of the disciples, 00:03:35.990 --> 00:03:39.389 'Believe in Me and in My messenger, ‘Isa.' 00:03:39.389 --> 00:03:42.789 They said, 'We believe in what You have commanded us, 00:03:42.990 --> 00:03:46.789 and bear witness for us that we are submissive to You in humility, 00:03:46.789 --> 00:03:49.789 hearing and obeying Your command.' 00:03:49.789 --> 00:03:55.050 When the disciples said, 'O ‘Isa ibn Maryam, 00:03:55.050 --> 00:04:00.050 “When the disciples said: O Jesus, son of Mary! Is thy Lord able to send down for us a table spread with food from heaven? He said: Observe your duty to Allah, if ye are true believers.” (5:112) 00:04:00.050 --> 00:04:08.050 “When the disciples said: O Jesus, son of Mary! Is thy Lord able to send down for us a table spread with food from heaven? He said: Observe your duty to Allah, if ye are true believers.” (5:112) 00:04:08.050 --> 00:04:16.050 He said, 'Fear Allah, if you are believers.' 00:04:16.050 --> 00:04:20.529 When the disciples said to ‘Isa ibn Maryam, 00:04:20.529 --> 00:04:22.529 'Will your Lord answer, O ‘Isa, 00:04:22.529 --> 00:04:27.529 “When the disciples said: O Jesus, son of Mary! Is thy Lord able to send down for us a table spread with food from heaven? He said: Observe your duty to Allah, if ye are true believers.” (5:112) 00:04:27.529 --> 00:04:31.529 ‘Isa said, 'Be mindful of Allah, O people, 00:04:31.529 --> 00:04:36.529 and fear Him, lest a punishment from Allah befall you for this statement of yours, 00:04:36.529 --> 00:04:40.529 if you are indeed believers in what I warn you of.' 00:04:40.529 --> 00:04:48.750 “(They said:) We wish to eat thereof, that we may satisfy our hearts and know that thou hast spoken truth to us, and that thereof we may be witnesses.” (5:113) 00:04:48.750 --> 00:04:58.750 “(They said:) We wish to eat thereof, that we may satisfy our hearts and know that thou hast spoken truth to us, and that thereof we may be witnesses.” (5:113) 00:04:58.750 --> 00:05:04.199 The disciples said, 'We only said that, 00:05:04.199 --> 00:05:09.199 and asked you to ask our Lord for us, so that we may eat from the table, 00:05:09.199 --> 00:05:13.199 and know with certainty His power over all things, 00:05:13.199 --> 00:05:20.199 and our hearts may be at peace and settled upon His oneness and His power over all that He wills and intends, 00:05:20.199 --> 00:05:26.199 and we may know that you have not lied to us in your report that you are a messenger sent by Allah, 00:05:26.199 --> 00:05:31.199 and we may be among those who witness that Allah sent it down 00:05:31.199 --> 00:05:36.199 as a proof for Himself against us regarding His oneness and His power over what He wills, 00:05:36.199 --> 00:05:39.199 and as a proof for you regarding the truthfulness of your prophethood.' 00:05:39.199 --> 00:05:49.649 “Jesus, son of Mary, said: O Allah, Lord of us! Send down for us a table spread with food from heaven, that it may be a feast for us, for the first of us and for the last of us, and a sign from Thee. Give us sustenance, for Thou art the Best of Sustainers.” (5:114) 00:05:49.649 --> 00:05:57.649 “Jesus, son of Mary, said: O Allah, Lord of us! Send down for us a table spread with food from heaven, that it may be a feast for us, for the first of us and for the last of us, and a sign from Thee. Give us sustenance, for Thou art the Best of Sustainers.” (5:114) 00:05:57.649 --> 00:06:05.649 “Jesus, son of Mary, said: O Allah, Lord of us! Send down for us a table spread with food from heaven, that it may be a feast for us, for the first of us and for the last of us, and a sign from Thee. Give us sustenance, for Thou art the Best of Sustainers.” (5:114) 00:06:05.649 --> 00:06:11.649 “Jesus, son of Mary, said: O Allah, Lord of us! Send down for us a table spread with food from heaven, that it may be a feast for us, for the first of us and for the last of us, and a sign from Thee. Give us sustenance, for Thou art the Best of Sustainers.” (5:114) 00:06:11.649 --> 00:06:19.449 “Jesus, son of Mary, said: O Allah, Lord of us! Send down for us a table spread with food from heaven, that it may be a feast for us, for the first of us and for the last of us, and a sign from Thee. Give us sustenance, for Thou art the Best of Sustainers.” (5:114) 00:06:19.449 --> 00:06:24.449 It will be for us a festival, that we may worship our Lord on the day it is sent down, 00:06:24.449 --> 00:06:31.449 and pray to Him on it, for the living among us today and for those who come after us, 00:06:31.449 --> 00:06:37.449 and a sign and proof from You, O Lord, to Your servants of Your oneness, 00:06:37.449 --> 00:06:42.449 and of my truthfulness that I am a messenger. And grant us from Your bounty, 00:06:42.449 --> 00:06:47.449 for You, my Lord, are the best of providers and the most generous of those who bestow favor, 00:06:47.449 --> 00:06:51.449 because His giving is not followed by reproach or distress.' 00:06:51.449 --> 00:07:17.019 “Allah said: Lo! I send it down for you. And whoso disbelieveth of you afterward, him surely will I punish with a punishment wherewith I have not punished any of (My) creatures.” (5:115) 00:07:17.019 --> 00:07:22.759 Allah said, 'I will send it down to you, O disciples, 00:07:22.759 --> 00:07:27.759 but whoever disbelieves after it is sent down to you, rejecting My message to him, 00:07:27.759 --> 00:07:32.759 and denies the prophethood of My prophet ‘Isa, peace be upon him, 00:07:32.759 --> 00:07:38.759 then I will punish him with a punishment such as I have not inflicted upon anyone among the people of his time.' 00:07:38.759 --> 00:07:45.759 The people did so, and they disbelieved and rejected after it was sent down to them, according to what has been reported to us. 00:07:45.759 --> 00:07:50.759 They were punished, as we have been told, by being transformed into apes and swine. 00:07:50.759 --> 00:08:13.339 And when Allah said, 'O ‘Isa ibn Maryam, did you say to the people, "Take me and my mother as two gods besides Allah?"' 00:08:13.339 --> 00:08:25.339 “And when Allah saith: O Jesus, son of Mary! Didst thou say unto mankind: Take me and my mother for two gods beside Allah? he saith: Be glorified! It was not mine to utter that to which I had no right. If I used to say it, then Thou knewest it. Thou knowest what is in my mind, and I know not what is in Thy Mind. Lo! Thou, only Thou, art the Knower of Things Hidden?” (5:116) 00:08:25.339 --> 00:08:40.039 “And when Allah saith: O Jesus, son of Mary! Didst thou say unto mankind: Take me and my mother for two gods beside Allah? he saith: Be glorified! It was not mine to utter that to which I had no right. If I used to say it, then Thou knewest it. Thou knowest what is in my mind, and I know not what is in Thy Mind. Lo! Thou, only Thou, art the Knower of Things Hidden?” (5:116) 00:08:40.039 --> 00:08:50.039 He said that to ‘Isa when He raised him to Himself: 'Did you say to the people, "Take me and my mother as two objects of worship to be worshipped besides Allah?"' 00:08:50.039 --> 00:08:58.039 ‘Isa said, 'Exalted are You, my Lord, and glorified! It is not for me to say that or speak of it. 00:08:58.039 --> 00:09:04.039 It is not for me to say that, for I am a created servant, and my mother is a servant of Yours. 00:09:04.039 --> 00:09:09.139 And how could a servant and a handmaiden claim divinity? 00:09:09.139 --> 00:09:20.139 If I had said it, You would have known it. Nothing is hidden from You, and You know that I did not say it, nor did I command them to do so. 00:09:20.139 --> 00:09:28.139 Indeed, my Lord, nothing is hidden from You of what my soul conceals, which I have not spoken of nor manifested with my limbs. 00:09:28.139 --> 00:09:38.139 How then could what I have spoken and manifested with my limbs be hidden? And I do not know what You have hidden from me, for You have not revealed it to me. 00:09:38.139 --> 00:09:46.139 Indeed, You are the Knower of the unseen things which no one knows except You, and no one else perceives.' 00:09:46.139 --> 00:10:01.779 “I spake unto them only that which Thou commandedst me, (saying): Worship Allah, my Lord and your Lord. I was a witness of them while I dwelt among them, and when Thou tookest me Thou wast the Watcher over them. Thou art Witness over all things.” (5:117) 00:10:01.779 --> 00:10:16.779 “I spake unto them only that which Thou commandedst me, (saying): Worship Allah, my Lord and your Lord. I was a witness of them while I dwelt among them, and when Thou tookest me Thou wast the Watcher over them. Thou art Witness over all things.” (5:117) 00:10:16.779 --> 00:10:25.350 'I did not say to them except what You commanded me to say: "Worship Allah, my Lord and your Lord."' 00:10:25.350 --> 00:10:33.350 'And I was a witness over them while I was among them, observing their actions and their words. 00:10:33.350 --> 00:10:45.350 But when You took me to Yourself, You were the Watcher over them, and You are Witness over all things, for nothing is hidden from You.' 00:10:45.350 --> 00:11:03.950 “If Thou punish them, lo! they are Thy slaves, and if Thou forgive them (lo! they are Thy slaves). Lo! Thou, only Thou, art the Mighty, the Wise.” (5:118) 00:11:03.950 --> 00:11:13.950 'If You punish these who said this statement, they are submissive to You and cannot escape what You intend for them, 00:11:13.950 --> 00:11:22.950 nor can they defend themselves from any harm. And if You forgive them by guiding them to repentance, and cover their sins, 00:11:22.950 --> 00:11:36.950 then indeed, You are the Almighty in Your retribution against those whom You intend to punish, and the All-Wise in Your guidance of those whom You guide among Your creation to repentance, and in granting success to those among them who follow the path of salvation.' 00:11:36.950 --> 00:12:00.429 “Allah saith: This is a day in which their truthfulness profiteth the truthful, for theirs are Gardens underneath which rivers flow, wherein they are secure for ever, Allah taking pleasure in them and they in Him. That is the great triumph.” (5:119) 00:12:00.429 --> 00:12:08.429 “Allah saith: This is a day in which their truthfulness profiteth the truthful, for theirs are Gardens underneath which rivers flow, wherein they are secure for ever, Allah taking pleasure in them and they in Him. That is the great triumph.” (5:119) 00:12:08.429 --> 00:12:25.139 Allah said to ‘Isa, 'This is the day when their truthfulness will benefit the truthful. For them are gardens beneath which rivers flow, in the Hereafter, as a reward from Allah for their truthfulness.' 00:12:25.139 --> 00:12:28.139 They will abide in the gardens forever. 00:12:28.139 --> 00:12:31.139 Allah is pleased with these truthful ones, 00:12:31.139 --> 00:12:43.139 and they are pleased with Allah for His fulfillment of what He promised them of His abundant reward for their obedience. This is the great triumph. 00:12:43.139 --> 00:12:57.649 “Unto Allah belongeth the Sovereignty of the heavens and the earth and whatsoever is therein, and He is Able to do all things.” (5:120) 00:12:57.649 --> 00:13:13.639 To Allah, O Christians, belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth and whatever is within them, not to ‘Isa, nor to his mother, nor to all those in the heavens and on the earth. And He is over all things competent. 00:13:13.639 --> 00:13:20.639 Nothing He wills can frustrate Him, because His power is unlike any other power. 00:13:20.639 --> 00:13:26.049 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari.