1 00:00:00,080 --> 00:00:03,379 In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful. 2 00:00:03,379 --> 00:00:06,349 Ifadah Center 3 00:00:06,349 --> 00:00:09,550 for Humanities Studies and Research 4 00:00:09,550 --> 00:00:10,849 presents: 5 00:00:10,849 --> 00:00:16,149 Abridgment of Sahih al-Bukhari. 6 00:00:16,149 --> 00:00:18,859 Chapter: 7 00:00:18,859 --> 00:00:21,359 Shrouding from the deceased's entire estate. 8 00:00:21,359 --> 00:00:25,469 On the authority of 'Abd al-Rahman ibn 'Awf (may Allah be pleased with him): 9 00:00:25,469 --> 00:00:27,469 Food was brought to him 10 00:00:27,469 --> 00:00:29,469 while he was fasting, 11 00:00:29,469 --> 00:00:30,969 and he said: 12 00:00:30,969 --> 00:00:32,969 "Mus'ab ibn 'Umayr was killed, 13 00:00:32,969 --> 00:00:34,969 and he was better than me. 14 00:00:34,969 --> 00:00:36,969 He was shrouded in a striped garment (burdah): 15 00:00:36,969 --> 00:00:39,969 if his head was covered, his feet showed, 16 00:00:39,969 --> 00:00:42,969 and if his feet were covered, his head showed. 17 00:00:42,969 --> 00:00:45,039 And Hamzah was killed, 18 00:00:45,039 --> 00:00:47,039 and he was better than me. 19 00:00:47,039 --> 00:00:51,039 Then worldly wealth was spread out for us in abundance," 20 00:00:51,039 --> 00:00:52,039 or he said: 21 00:00:52,039 --> 00:00:55,039 "We were granted of this world what we were granted, 22 00:00:55,039 --> 00:01:00,039 and we truly fear that our good deeds have been hastened to us in reward." 23 00:01:00,039 --> 00:01:04,040 Then he began to weep, until he left the food untouched. 24 00:01:04,040 --> 00:01:07,519 Commentary on the hadith: 25 00:01:07,519 --> 00:01:09,870 "Burdah" 26 00:01:09,870 --> 00:01:11,870 means a striped cloak. 27 00:01:11,870 --> 00:01:12,959 "Badat" 28 00:01:12,959 --> 00:01:14,959 means became exposed and uncovered. 29 00:01:14,959 --> 00:01:16,959 "Then worldly wealth was spread out for us" 30 00:01:16,959 --> 00:01:21,959 points to the conquests and war spoils that later came about. 31 00:01:21,959 --> 00:01:25,000 "That our good deeds have been hastened to us in reward" 32 00:01:25,000 --> 00:01:28,000 means hastened here in this worldly life. 33 00:01:28,000 --> 00:01:31,219 Benefits derived from the hadith: 34 00:01:31,219 --> 00:01:33,959 It is derived from the hadith 35 00:01:33,959 --> 00:01:38,959 that it is commendable for a scholar to mention the biographies of the righteous and their worldly asceticism 36 00:01:38,959 --> 00:01:41,959 in order to lessen attachment to worldly life. 37 00:01:41,959 --> 00:01:43,959 It also shows the legitimacy of weeping 38 00:01:43,959 --> 00:01:47,959 out of fear of falling short of joining the ranks of the righteous, 39 00:01:47,959 --> 00:01:49,959 and being deeply concerned about that. 40 00:01:49,959 --> 00:01:53,959 A person ought to remember Allah's blessings upon him 41 00:01:53,959 --> 00:01:57,959 and acknowledge his shortcomings in showing proper gratitude for them. 42 00:01:57,959 --> 00:02:03,719 Chapter: When no shroud is found except what covers either one's head 43 00:02:03,719 --> 00:02:06,719 or one's feet, the head is covered. 44 00:02:06,719 --> 00:02:10,770 On the authority of Khabbab (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 45 00:02:10,770 --> 00:02:14,770 "We emigrated with the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), 46 00:02:14,770 --> 00:02:16,770 seeking the Countenance of Allah, 47 00:02:16,770 --> 00:02:19,770 so our reward became due from Allah. 48 00:02:19,770 --> 00:02:21,770 Among us were those who passed away 49 00:02:21,770 --> 00:02:24,770 without consuming any of their reward in this world, 50 00:02:24,770 --> 00:02:27,770 among whom was Mus'ab ibn 'Umayr. 51 00:02:27,770 --> 00:02:32,870 And among us were those whose fruit ripened and who are now harvesting it. 52 00:02:32,870 --> 00:02:34,870 Mus'ab was killed on the day of Uhud, 53 00:02:34,870 --> 00:02:38,960 and we found nothing to shroud him in except a striped garment (burdah)—" 54 00:02:38,960 --> 00:02:39,960 in another narration: 55 00:02:39,960 --> 00:02:41,960 "and he left only a woolen striped garment (namirah)— 56 00:02:41,960 --> 00:02:46,120 if we covered his head with it, his feet were exposed, 57 00:02:46,120 --> 00:02:50,219 and if we covered his feet, his head was exposed. 58 00:02:50,219 --> 00:02:55,219 So the Prophet (peace be upon him) commanded us to cover his head 59 00:02:55,219 --> 00:02:59,830 and to put idhkhir grass over his feet." 60 00:02:59,830 --> 00:03:03,469 Commentary on the hadith: 61 00:03:03,469 --> 00:03:05,469 "Seeking the Countenance of Allah" 62 00:03:05,469 --> 00:03:08,530 means desiring the pleasure of Allah, the Exalted and Glorious. 63 00:03:08,530 --> 00:03:10,530 "So our reward became due from Allah" 64 00:03:10,530 --> 00:03:13,530 means the reward of the emigrant was guaranteed for us, 65 00:03:13,530 --> 00:03:17,530 having attained his objective under the divine pledge of Allah Almighty. 66 00:03:17,530 --> 00:03:21,789 "Among us were those who passed away without consuming any of their reward in this world" 67 00:03:21,789 --> 00:03:25,789 means he acquired nothing of this world nor amassed its wealth, 68 00:03:25,789 --> 00:03:32,039 restraining himself from its pleasures so that he might receive his full reward in the Hereafter. 69 00:03:32,039 --> 00:03:34,039 "Whose fruit ripened" 70 00:03:34,039 --> 00:03:36,039 means matured and became ready to harvest. 71 00:03:36,039 --> 00:03:38,039 "Yahdibuha" 72 00:03:38,039 --> 00:03:40,139 means picks and gathers it. 73 00:03:40,139 --> 00:03:44,139 Idhkhir is a sweet-smelling desert plant. 74 00:03:44,139 --> 00:03:48,639 Benefits derived from the hadith: 75 00:03:48,639 --> 00:03:50,639 It is derived from the hadith 76 00:03:50,639 --> 00:03:53,639 that there is guidance toward the excellence of sincerity in one's deeds. 77 00:03:53,639 --> 00:03:57,639 It also clarifies the great virtue of the Companions of the Prophet (peace be upon him), 78 00:03:57,639 --> 00:04:00,639 both the Emigrants (Muhajirun) and the Ansar. 79 00:04:00,639 --> 00:04:08,280 Chapter: One who prepared a shroud during the lifetime of the Prophet (peace be upon him) 80 00:04:08,280 --> 00:04:10,280 and was not rebuked for it. 81 00:04:10,280 --> 00:04:13,039 On the authority of Sahl ibn Sa'd, who said: 82 00:04:13,039 --> 00:04:16,040 A woman brought a woven garment (burdah). 83 00:04:16,040 --> 00:04:18,040 Sahl asked the people, 84 00:04:18,040 --> 00:04:20,040 "Do you know what a burdah is?" 85 00:04:20,040 --> 00:04:22,040 Someone replied, "Yes, 86 00:04:22,040 --> 00:04:25,040 it is a cloak woven with a finished border along its edge." 87 00:04:25,040 --> 00:04:28,170 She said, "O Messenger of Allah, 88 00:04:28,170 --> 00:04:31,170 I have woven this with my own hands to clothe you with it." 89 00:04:31,170 --> 00:04:35,240 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) took it, 90 00:04:35,240 --> 00:04:37,240 being in need of it. 91 00:04:37,240 --> 00:04:40,240 He then came out to us wearing it as his waist-wrapper. 92 00:04:40,240 --> 00:04:43,240 A man among the people felt it with his hand 93 00:04:43,240 --> 00:04:46,240 and said, "O Messenger of Allah, 94 00:04:46,240 --> 00:04:48,240 give it to me to wear!" 95 00:04:48,240 --> 00:04:50,240 He replied, "Yes." 96 00:04:50,240 --> 00:04:53,240 The Prophet remained seated in the gathering as long as Allah willed, 97 00:04:53,240 --> 00:04:54,240 then he went back inside, 98 00:04:54,240 --> 00:04:58,300 folded it up, and sent it to him. 99 00:04:58,300 --> 00:05:00,300 The people said to the man, 100 00:05:00,300 --> 00:05:02,300 "You did not do well! 101 00:05:02,300 --> 00:05:03,300 You asked him for it 102 00:05:03,300 --> 00:05:07,300 when you knew that he never turns down anyone who asks." 103 00:05:07,300 --> 00:05:09,300 The man replied, 104 00:05:09,300 --> 00:05:11,300 "By Allah, I did not ask him for it to wear it, 105 00:05:11,300 --> 00:05:14,300 but rather that it might be my shroud the day I die." 106 00:05:14,300 --> 00:05:16,300 In another narration: 107 00:05:16,300 --> 00:05:21,300 "I hoped for its blessing since the Prophet (peace be upon him) had worn it, 108 00:05:21,300 --> 00:05:24,459 so that I might be shrouded in it." 109 00:05:24,459 --> 00:05:26,459 Sahl said, 110 00:05:26,459 --> 00:05:28,879 "And it indeed became his shroud." 111 00:05:28,879 --> 00:05:30,879 Commentary on the hadith: 112 00:05:30,879 --> 00:05:36,360 "Chapter: One who prepared a shroud during the lifetime of the Prophet (peace be upon him) 113 00:05:36,360 --> 00:05:38,360 and was not rebuked for it." 114 00:05:38,360 --> 00:05:40,360 "Ista'adda" 115 00:05:40,360 --> 00:05:42,360 means prepared and readied beforehand. 116 00:05:42,360 --> 00:05:44,360 "A burdah" 117 00:05:44,360 --> 00:05:46,360 means a striped garment 118 00:05:46,360 --> 00:05:48,360 in the custom of the Arabs, used as an outer wrap. 119 00:05:48,360 --> 00:05:52,480 "A cloak woven with a finished border along its edge" 120 00:05:52,480 --> 00:05:55,480 indicates that it was brand new, 121 00:05:55,480 --> 00:05:58,480 its selvage still untrimmed and never worn before. 122 00:05:58,480 --> 00:06:01,579 "Hawashi al-thawb" refers to the borders and edges of a garment. 123 00:06:01,579 --> 00:06:03,579 "He felt it (jassaha)" 124 00:06:03,579 --> 00:06:05,610 means he touched it with his hand. 125 00:06:05,610 --> 00:06:07,610 "Then he folded it" 126 00:06:07,610 --> 00:06:09,870 means he folded up the burdah. 127 00:06:09,870 --> 00:06:12,829 Benefits derived from the hadith: 128 00:06:12,829 --> 00:06:14,829 It is derived from the hadith 129 00:06:14,829 --> 00:06:18,829 that the Prophet (peace be upon him) accepted gifts. 130 00:06:18,829 --> 00:06:23,829 It demonstrates the permissibility of expressing admiration for fine clothing seen on another person, 131 00:06:23,829 --> 00:06:26,829 either to acknowledge its value 132 00:06:26,829 --> 00:06:29,829 or to hint at requesting it from them, 133 00:06:29,829 --> 00:06:31,829 where such a request is appropriate. 134 00:06:31,829 --> 00:06:36,829 It shows the propriety of rebuking someone who outwardly violates proper decorum. 135 00:06:36,829 --> 00:06:39,829 It illustrates the permissibility of asking for something in a polite manner. 136 00:06:39,829 --> 00:06:44,829 It shows that it is permissible for a leader or person of authority to accept a gift from a poor person. 137 00:06:44,829 --> 00:06:47,829 It shows the permissibility of asking a leader or ruler for a gift. 138 00:06:47,829 --> 00:06:51,829 The hadith also demonstrates that the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) 139 00:06:51,829 --> 00:06:55,829 sought blessings through the physical relics of the Prophet (peace be upon him). 140 00:06:55,829 --> 00:07:00,910 It also contains encouragement toward altruism and selflessness. 141 00:07:00,910 --> 00:07:05,800 Chapter: A woman's mourning for someone other than her husband. 142 00:07:05,800 --> 00:07:08,800 On the authority of Zaynab bint Abi Salamah, who said: 143 00:07:08,800 --> 00:07:12,800 When the news of Abu Sufyan's death arrived from the Levant, 144 00:07:12,800 --> 00:07:17,800 Umm Habibah (may Allah be pleased with her) called for a yellow-tinted perfume on the third day. 145 00:07:17,800 --> 00:07:21,800 She applied some of it to the sides of her face and her forearms, 146 00:07:21,800 --> 00:07:22,800 and then said: 147 00:07:22,800 --> 00:07:25,800 "By Allah, I have no personal need for perfume, 148 00:07:25,800 --> 00:07:30,800 were it not that I heard the Prophet (peace be upon him) say: 149 00:07:30,800 --> 00:07:35,800 'It is not lawful for a woman who believes in Allah and the Last Day 150 00:07:35,800 --> 00:07:38,800 to mourn for a deceased person for more than three nights, 151 00:07:38,800 --> 00:07:40,800 except for a husband, 152 00:07:40,800 --> 00:07:45,800 for whom she must mourn for four months and ten days.'" 153 00:07:45,800 --> 00:07:49,540 On the authority of Zaynab bint Abi Salamah, who said: 154 00:07:49,540 --> 00:07:52,540 I entered upon Zaynab bint Jahsh 155 00:07:52,540 --> 00:07:54,540 when her brother passed away. 156 00:07:54,540 --> 00:07:57,540 She called for perfume, applied some of it to herself, 157 00:07:57,540 --> 00:07:59,540 and then said: 158 00:07:59,540 --> 00:08:02,540 "I have no need for perfume, 159 00:08:02,540 --> 00:08:05,540 except that I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 160 00:08:05,540 --> 00:08:07,540 saying from the pulpit: 161 00:08:07,540 --> 00:08:12,540 'It is not lawful for a woman who believes in Allah and the Last Day 162 00:08:12,540 --> 00:08:15,540 to mourn for a deceased person for more than three nights, 163 00:08:15,540 --> 00:08:20,540 except for a husband, for four months and ten days.'" 164 00:08:20,540 --> 00:08:24,180 Commentary on the hadith: 165 00:08:24,180 --> 00:08:25,180 "The news of death arrived" 166 00:08:25,180 --> 00:08:28,720 means the report of his demise reached them. 167 00:08:28,720 --> 00:08:29,720 "Sufrah" 168 00:08:29,720 --> 00:08:32,789 is a type of perfume characterized by a yellowish tint. 169 00:08:32,789 --> 00:08:34,789 "Her 'aridayha" 170 00:08:34,789 --> 00:08:36,879 refers to the sides of her face: 171 00:08:36,879 --> 00:08:37,879 "'Arid" 172 00:08:37,879 --> 00:08:41,879 is what grows along the sides of the jawline above the chin, 173 00:08:41,879 --> 00:08:43,879 and it is also said that a person's 'arid 174 00:08:43,879 --> 00:08:45,879 refers to the two sides of the cheeks. 175 00:08:45,879 --> 00:08:46,950 "La-ghaniyyah" 176 00:08:46,950 --> 00:08:49,950 means having no desire or need for it. 177 00:08:49,950 --> 00:08:50,950 "To mourn (an tuhidda)" 178 00:08:50,950 --> 00:08:57,039 means to abandon adornment, perfume, and everything that attracts suitors. 179 00:08:57,039 --> 00:08:58,039 "Except for a husband" 180 00:08:58,039 --> 00:09:01,039 means mourning on account of the death of her husband. 181 00:09:01,039 --> 00:09:03,139 "She touched herself with it" 182 00:09:03,139 --> 00:09:05,139 means she applied perfume to herself. 183 00:09:05,139 --> 00:09:08,269 "I have no need for perfume, 184 00:09:08,269 --> 00:09:12,269 except that I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)" 185 00:09:12,269 --> 00:09:15,269 means that the sole motive for doing so 186 00:09:15,269 --> 00:09:19,269 was compliance with the command of the Prophet (peace be upon him). 187 00:09:19,269 --> 00:09:22,460 Benefits derived from the hadith: 188 00:09:22,460 --> 00:09:25,159 It is derived from the hadith 189 00:09:25,159 --> 00:09:32,159 that it is permissible for a non-wife to refrain from adornment and luxuries out of grief for up to three days. 190 00:09:32,159 --> 00:09:37,320 The hadith also indicates the merit of women wearing perfume and beautifying themselves in normal circumstances. 191 00:09:37,320 --> 00:09:42,320 It highlights the great virtue of the Mothers of the Believers (may Allah be pleased with them). 192 00:09:42,320 --> 00:09:47,549 It affirms the principle that a narrator does not abandon acting upon the hadith they transmit. 193 00:09:47,549 --> 00:09:53,529 Chapter: The statement of the Prophet (peace be upon him): 194 00:09:53,529 --> 00:09:57,529 "The deceased is punished on account of some of the weeping of his family over him," 195 00:09:57,529 --> 00:10:00,529 when wailing was part of his customary practice; 196 00:10:00,529 --> 00:10:04,529 and what is permitted of weeping without wailing. 197 00:10:04,529 --> 00:10:09,590 On the authority of Usamah ibn Zayd (may Allah be pleased with both of them), who said: 198 00:10:09,590 --> 00:10:13,649 The daughter of the Prophet (peace be upon him) sent a message to him, saying: 199 00:10:13,649 --> 00:10:17,649 "My son is at the point of death, so please come to us." 200 00:10:17,649 --> 00:10:20,720 So he sent someone offering greetings of peace and saying: 201 00:10:20,720 --> 00:10:25,720 "To Allah belongs whatever He takes, and to Him belongs whatever He gives, 202 00:10:25,720 --> 00:10:28,720 and everything with Him has an appointed term; 203 00:10:28,720 --> 00:10:31,720 so let her be patient and seek Allah's reward." 204 00:10:31,720 --> 00:10:35,779 But she sent back to him, adjuring him to come to her. 205 00:10:35,779 --> 00:10:38,809 So he stood up, accompanied by Sa'd ibn 'Ubadah, 206 00:10:38,809 --> 00:10:40,809 Mu'adh ibn Jabal, 207 00:10:40,809 --> 00:10:42,809 Ubayy ibn Ka'b, 208 00:10:42,809 --> 00:10:44,809 Zayd ibn Thabit, 209 00:10:44,809 --> 00:10:46,809 and in one narration, 210 00:10:46,809 --> 00:10:48,809 'Ubadah ibn al-Samit, 211 00:10:48,809 --> 00:10:49,809 along with other men. 212 00:10:49,809 --> 00:10:54,840 Then the child was lifted up to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 213 00:10:54,840 --> 00:10:56,840 while his soul was rattling, 214 00:10:57,840 --> 00:10:59,840 as if it were an old, dry waterskin. 215 00:10:59,840 --> 00:11:01,909 In another narration: 216 00:11:01,909 --> 00:11:03,909 while his soul was convulsing, 217 00:11:03,909 --> 00:11:05,909 and in yet another narration: 218 00:11:05,909 --> 00:11:09,039 while his breath was trembling heavily in his chest. 219 00:11:09,039 --> 00:11:11,100 Thereupon, his eyes overflowed with tears. 220 00:11:11,100 --> 00:11:13,100 Sa'd said: 221 00:11:13,100 --> 00:11:16,100 "O Messenger of Allah, what is this?" 222 00:11:16,100 --> 00:11:18,100 He replied: 223 00:11:18,100 --> 00:11:22,100 "This is a mercy that Allah has placed in the hearts of His servants, 224 00:11:22,100 --> 00:11:26,929 and Allah only shows mercy to those of His servants who are merciful." 225 00:11:26,929 --> 00:11:30,379 Commentary on the hadith: 226 00:11:30,379 --> 00:11:33,379 The daughter of the Prophet, peace be upon him, 227 00:11:33,379 --> 00:11:36,379 was Zaynab, may Allah be pleased with her. 228 00:11:36,379 --> 00:11:38,409 Her words, "My son," 229 00:11:38,409 --> 00:11:40,409 it was said that his name was 'Ali. 230 00:11:40,409 --> 00:11:41,440 "Is dying," 231 00:11:41,440 --> 00:11:43,440 meaning he is on the verge of death, 232 00:11:43,440 --> 00:11:45,440 that is, in the throes of death. 233 00:11:45,440 --> 00:11:47,440 "And let her seek reward," 234 00:11:47,440 --> 00:11:49,440 seeking reward (ihtisab) 235 00:11:49,440 --> 00:11:52,440 means patient endurance and content acceptance of the decree of Allah Almighty, 236 00:11:52,440 --> 00:11:55,600 hoping for His mercy and forgiveness. 237 00:11:55,600 --> 00:11:57,600 "Adjuring him," 238 00:11:57,600 --> 00:11:59,600 meaning she urged him insistently by an oath. 239 00:11:59,600 --> 00:12:04,730 "Then the child was lifted up to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him," 240 00:12:04,730 --> 00:12:09,799 meaning he was handed over and presented to the Prophet, peace be upon him. 241 00:12:09,799 --> 00:12:11,799 "While his soul was rattling," 242 00:12:11,799 --> 00:12:14,799 meaning it was agitated and trembling, 243 00:12:14,799 --> 00:12:17,799 and the intent is that whenever it settled into one state, 244 00:12:17,799 --> 00:12:20,799 it quickly shifted into another, 245 00:12:20,799 --> 00:12:22,799 drawing closer to death, 246 00:12:22,799 --> 00:12:25,919 never remaining stable in a single condition. 247 00:12:25,919 --> 00:12:27,919 "As if it were an old, dry waterskin," 248 00:12:27,919 --> 00:12:30,990 meaning like a worn-out waterskin. 249 00:12:30,990 --> 00:12:32,990 "His eyes overflowed," 250 00:12:32,990 --> 00:12:35,049 meaning they streamed with tears. 251 00:12:35,049 --> 00:12:37,049 "While his soul was convulsing," 252 00:12:37,049 --> 00:12:40,149 meaning trembling like someone terrified. 253 00:12:40,149 --> 00:12:42,149 "While his breath was trembling," 254 00:12:42,149 --> 00:12:45,559 meaning moving with a loud, raspy sound. 255 00:12:45,559 --> 00:12:49,200 Among the benefits derived from the hadith: 256 00:12:49,200 --> 00:12:51,200 It is deduced from the hadith 257 00:12:51,200 --> 00:12:54,200 that it is permissible to summon people of virtue to a dying person 258 00:12:54,200 --> 00:12:56,200 in the hope of receiving their supplications. 259 00:12:56,200 --> 00:13:01,200 It also shows the permissibility of walking to offer condolences or visit the sick without prior permission, 260 00:13:01,200 --> 00:13:03,200 unlike going to a banquet. 261 00:13:03,200 --> 00:13:06,200 It indicates the recommendation to fulfill someone's oath. 262 00:13:06,200 --> 00:13:12,200 It highlights the recommendation to urge the afflicted person to exercise patience even before the calamity occurs. 263 00:13:12,200 --> 00:13:15,200 It encourages proper etiquette when asking questions. 264 00:13:15,200 --> 00:13:21,200 It illustrates the perfection of his compassion, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, and his mercy toward the Ummah. 265 00:13:21,200 --> 00:13:27,279 On the authority of Anas ibn Malik, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 266 00:13:27,279 --> 00:13:32,279 "We attended the funeral of a daughter of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him." 267 00:13:32,279 --> 00:13:33,279 He said: 268 00:13:33,279 --> 00:13:38,279 "And the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, was seated by the graveside." 269 00:13:38,279 --> 00:13:39,350 He said: 270 00:13:39,350 --> 00:13:43,409 "And I saw his eyes shedding tears." 271 00:13:43,409 --> 00:13:44,409 He said: 272 00:13:44,409 --> 00:13:45,409 "Then he said: 273 00:13:45,409 --> 00:13:49,409 'Is there anyone among you who did not indulge in marital relations last night?'" 274 00:13:49,409 --> 00:13:51,409 Abu Talhah replied: 275 00:13:51,409 --> 00:13:52,509 "I did not." 276 00:13:52,509 --> 00:13:53,509 He said: 277 00:13:53,509 --> 00:13:55,570 "Then descend." 278 00:13:55,570 --> 00:13:56,570 He said: 279 00:13:56,570 --> 00:13:58,570 "So he descended into her grave." 280 00:13:58,570 --> 00:14:02,340 Commentary on the hadith: 281 00:14:02,340 --> 00:14:05,340 "We attended," meaning we were present at. 282 00:14:05,340 --> 00:14:10,399 "A daughter," refers to Umm Kulthum, may Allah be pleased with her. 283 00:14:10,399 --> 00:14:12,399 "Did not indulge last night," 284 00:14:12,399 --> 00:14:14,399 it means he did not commit a sin, 285 00:14:14,399 --> 00:14:15,399 and it was also said: 286 00:14:15,399 --> 00:14:17,399 he did not have intimate relations with his wife. 287 00:14:17,399 --> 00:14:21,269 Among the benefits derived from the hadith: 288 00:14:21,269 --> 00:14:23,269 It is deduced from the hadith 289 00:14:23,269 --> 00:14:27,269 that it is permissible for men to lower a woman into her grave, 290 00:14:27,269 --> 00:14:30,269 as they possess greater physical strength for that task. 291 00:14:30,269 --> 00:14:33,269 It also shows the permissibility of sitting by the side of the grave. 292 00:14:33,269 --> 00:14:40,279 On the authority of 'Abdullah ibn 'Ubaydullah ibn Abi Mulaykah, who said: 293 00:14:40,279 --> 00:14:44,279 "A daughter of 'Uthman, may Allah be pleased with him, died in Mecca, 294 00:14:44,279 --> 00:14:46,279 and we went to attend her funeral. 295 00:14:46,279 --> 00:14:50,279 Ibn 'Umar and Ibn 'Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them, were also present, 296 00:14:50,279 --> 00:14:53,279 and I was sitting between the two of them— 297 00:14:53,279 --> 00:14:54,279 or he said: 298 00:14:54,279 --> 00:14:57,279 'I sat next to one of them, 299 00:14:57,279 --> 00:15:00,279 and then the other came and sat beside me.'" 300 00:15:00,279 --> 00:15:05,279 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar said to 'Umar ibn 'Uthman: 301 00:15:05,279 --> 00:15:08,279 "Will you not forbid the weeping? 302 00:15:08,279 --> 00:15:12,279 For the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 303 00:15:12,279 --> 00:15:16,279 'Indeed, the deceased is punished on account of his family's weeping over him.'" 304 00:15:16,279 --> 00:15:20,440 Ibn 'Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them, said: 305 00:15:20,440 --> 00:15:24,440 "'Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, used to say something of that sort." 306 00:15:24,440 --> 00:15:26,440 Then he narrated, 307 00:15:26,440 --> 00:15:27,440 saying: 308 00:15:27,440 --> 00:15:31,440 "I returned from Mecca with 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, 309 00:15:31,440 --> 00:15:34,440 until, when we were at al-Bayda', 310 00:15:34,440 --> 00:15:37,440 he noticed a traveling party under the shade of a thorn tree. 311 00:15:37,440 --> 00:15:38,440 He said: 312 00:15:38,440 --> 00:15:39,440 He said: 313 00:15:39,440 --> 00:15:43,509 'Go and see who that traveling party is.' 314 00:15:43,509 --> 00:15:44,509 He said: 315 00:15:44,509 --> 00:15:45,509 'So I looked, 316 00:15:45,509 --> 00:15:47,509 and it was Suhayb.' 317 00:15:47,509 --> 00:15:48,509 I informed him, 318 00:15:48,509 --> 00:15:49,509 and he said: 319 00:15:49,509 --> 00:15:51,509 'Call him to me.' 320 00:15:51,509 --> 00:15:54,509 So I went back to Suhayb and said: 321 00:15:54,509 --> 00:15:57,509 'Ride on and join the Commander of the Faithful.' 322 00:15:57,509 --> 00:15:59,600 Later, when 'Umar was fatally wounded, 323 00:15:59,600 --> 00:16:02,600 Suhayb entered weeping, saying: 324 00:16:02,600 --> 00:16:05,600 'O my brother! O my companion!' 325 00:16:05,600 --> 00:16:08,669 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, said: 326 00:16:08,669 --> 00:16:11,669 'O Suhayb, do you weep over me, 327 00:16:11,669 --> 00:16:15,669 when the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 328 00:16:15,669 --> 00:16:19,669 "The deceased is punished on account of some of the weeping of his family over him"?'" 329 00:16:19,669 --> 00:16:23,759 Ibn 'Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them, said: 330 00:16:23,759 --> 00:16:26,759 "When 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, died, 331 00:16:26,759 --> 00:16:30,759 I mentioned this to 'A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her. 332 00:16:30,759 --> 00:16:31,759 She said: 333 00:16:31,759 --> 00:16:33,759 'May Allah have mercy on 'Umar! 334 00:16:33,759 --> 00:16:37,759 By Allah, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, never stated 335 00:16:37,759 --> 00:16:42,759 that Allah punishes a believer on account of his family's weeping over him. 336 00:16:42,759 --> 00:16:47,759 Rather, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 337 00:16:47,759 --> 00:16:52,759 "Allah increases the punishment of the disbeliever on account of his family's weeping over him."' 338 00:16:52,759 --> 00:16:54,759 And she said: 339 00:16:54,759 --> 00:16:56,759 'The Qur'an is sufficient for you: 340 00:16:56,759 --> 00:17:00,759 ﴾And no bearer of burdens shall bear the burden of another.﴿' 341 00:17:01,799 --> 00:17:05,799 At that, Ibn 'Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them, said: 342 00:17:05,799 --> 00:17:08,920 'And Allah is the One Who brings about laughter and weeping.' 343 00:17:08,920 --> 00:17:10,920 Ibn Abi Mulaykah said: 344 00:17:10,920 --> 00:17:15,920 'By Allah, Ibn 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with them, did not utter a single word in reply.'" 345 00:17:19,500 --> 00:17:23,170 "A daughter of 'Uthman, may Allah be pleased with him, died," 346 00:17:23,170 --> 00:17:25,170 she was Umm Aban. 347 00:17:25,170 --> 00:17:27,170 "To attend her," 348 00:17:27,170 --> 00:17:29,170 meaning to be present at her funeral. 349 00:17:29,170 --> 00:17:31,200 "On account of his family's weeping over him," 350 00:17:31,200 --> 00:17:34,200 this phrasing reflects what is typical and customary, 351 00:17:34,200 --> 00:17:38,200 since it is well known that it is usually one's family that weeps over the deceased; 352 00:17:38,200 --> 00:17:42,200 this is understood to apply to one who instructed that he be wept over. 353 00:17:42,200 --> 00:17:44,329 "At al-Bayda'," 354 00:17:44,329 --> 00:17:47,329 it is an open desert plain between Mecca and Medina. 355 00:17:47,329 --> 00:17:51,329 "The traveling party" refers to camel riders on a journey, 356 00:17:51,329 --> 00:17:54,329 usually designating a group of ten or more. 357 00:17:54,329 --> 00:17:56,490 "Under the shade of a thorn tree," 358 00:17:56,490 --> 00:18:00,490 it is a large tree belonging to the thorny acacia family. 359 00:18:00,490 --> 00:18:01,650 "And join," 360 00:18:01,650 --> 00:18:03,650 meaning catch up with. 361 00:18:03,650 --> 00:18:05,779 "When 'Umar was fatally wounded," 362 00:18:05,779 --> 00:18:08,779 meaning struck with the injury from which he passed away. 363 00:18:08,779 --> 00:18:09,779 "O my brother!" 364 00:18:09,779 --> 00:18:11,779 "O my companion!" 365 00:18:11,779 --> 00:18:14,779 This form of address is for lamentation and expression of deep sorrow. 366 00:18:14,779 --> 00:18:16,910 "May Allah have mercy on 'Umar," 367 00:18:16,910 --> 00:18:19,910 this exemplifies the refined etiquette practiced among the Companions, 368 00:18:19,910 --> 00:18:21,910 serving as a courteous preamble and soft dismissal 369 00:18:21,910 --> 00:18:24,910 of any discomfort arising from attributing an error to him. 370 00:18:24,910 --> 00:18:28,069 "Sufficient for you," meaning it is enough for you. 371 00:18:28,069 --> 00:18:31,069 ﴾And no bearer of burdens shall bear the burden of another.﴿ 372 00:18:31,069 --> 00:18:34,069 Rather, each soul bears only its own burden. 373 00:18:34,069 --> 00:18:38,069 Even if someone causes another's misguidance and sin, 374 00:18:38,069 --> 00:18:44,069 he bears the sin of causing it, without diminishing anything from the sin of the direct perpetrator. 375 00:18:44,069 --> 00:18:46,450 "Brings about laughter and weeping," 376 00:18:46,450 --> 00:18:49,450 meaning that tears are beyond the control of the child of Adam, 377 00:18:49,450 --> 00:18:52,450 and he has no active hand in producing them, 378 00:18:52,450 --> 00:18:54,450 let alone the deceased person; 379 00:18:54,450 --> 00:18:57,450 how then could one be punished for them? 380 00:18:57,450 --> 00:19:01,000 Among the benefits derived from the hadith: 381 00:19:01,000 --> 00:19:03,920 It is deduced from the hadith 382 00:19:03,920 --> 00:19:05,920 that the prohibited weeping 383 00:19:05,920 --> 00:19:08,920 is the weeping accompanied by wailing or raising the voice, 384 00:19:08,920 --> 00:19:10,920 not the mere shedding of tears. 385 00:19:10,920 --> 00:19:16,920 The hadith demonstrates the exemplary etiquette the Companions, may Allah be pleased with them, maintained with one another. 386 00:19:16,920 --> 00:19:19,920 It shows that scholarly disagreement among the Companions 387 00:19:19,920 --> 00:19:22,920 was bounded by a noble ethical fence. 388 00:19:22,920 --> 00:19:28,920 It demonstrates that the mutual love among the Companions remained steadfast, 389 00:19:28,920 --> 00:19:32,920 never spoiled by disagreement over secondary legal matters. 390 00:19:32,920 --> 00:19:39,990 The hadith illustrates the Companions correcting one another regarding narration and textual understanding. 391 00:19:39,990 --> 00:19:42,049 It shows yielding gracefully to the evidence, 392 00:19:42,049 --> 00:19:46,049 which is why Ibn 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with them, remained silent. 393 00:19:46,049 --> 00:19:49,049 The hadith contains an affirmation of the punishment in the grave. 394 00:19:49,049 --> 00:19:53,049 It highlights the legitimacy of enjoining what is right and forbidding what is wrong. 395 00:19:53,049 --> 00:20:01,049 The hadith indicates that whoever requests or is known to approve of being wailed over after death, and is then wailed over, 396 00:20:01,049 --> 00:20:04,049 will indeed be punished on account of that wailing. 397 00:20:04,049 --> 00:20:10,119 It also indicates the general rule that a person is punished only for what they have directly earned or caused. 398 00:20:10,119 --> 00:20:15,119 It demonstrates the virtue and high standing of 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, 399 00:20:15,119 --> 00:20:19,119 and the Companions' deep awareness of such exalted ranks. 400 00:20:19,119 --> 00:20:25,150 It shows the intense love of Suhayb (may Allah be pleased with him) for 'Umar. 401 00:20:25,150 --> 00:20:29,180 It also shows the virtue of Ibn 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with them both, 402 00:20:29,180 --> 00:20:32,180 and his strict adherence to textual evidence. 403 00:20:32,180 --> 00:20:37,180 It provides guidance on the necessity of reconciling religious texts 404 00:20:37,180 --> 00:20:41,180 and the imperative to resolve any apparent contradiction between them. 405 00:20:41,180 --> 00:20:49,230 Narrated 'A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her), the wife of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), that she said: 406 00:20:49,230 --> 00:20:57,230 "The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) merely passed by a Jewish woman whose family was weeping over her, 407 00:20:57,230 --> 00:21:04,230 and he said: 'They are indeed weeping over her, while she is being punished in her grave.'" 408 00:21:04,230 --> 00:21:07,769 Commentary on the hadith: 409 00:21:07,769 --> 00:21:13,119 "She is being punished in her grave"—meaning she is punished on account of her disbelief. 410 00:21:13,119 --> 00:21:16,349 Key benefits of the hadith: 411 00:21:16,349 --> 00:21:20,240 The hadith affirms the reality of the punishment of the grave, 412 00:21:20,240 --> 00:21:24,240 and that whoever dies in disbelief is punished in their grave. 413 00:21:24,240 --> 00:21:28,279 The hadith also contains an indication of the prohibition of wailing. 414 00:21:28,279 --> 00:21:33,319 Narrated Abu Burdah, from his father, who said: 415 00:21:33,319 --> 00:21:36,319 "When 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) was fatally wounded, 416 00:21:37,319 --> 00:21:39,319 Suhayb began to cry out: 417 00:21:39,319 --> 00:21:41,319 'O my brother!' 418 00:21:41,319 --> 00:21:47,319 Whereupon 'Umar said: 'Did you not know that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: 419 00:21:47,319 --> 00:21:51,319 "The deceased is punished by the weeping of the living"?'" 420 00:21:51,319 --> 00:21:54,839 Commentary on the hadith: 421 00:21:54,839 --> 00:22:01,319 "'Umar was fatally wounded' refers to the mortal wound that resulted in his death. 422 00:22:01,319 --> 00:22:04,319 'Did you not know?' means: has this report not reached you? 423 00:22:04,319 --> 00:22:07,730 Key benefits of the hadith: 424 00:22:07,730 --> 00:22:12,470 The hadith exemplifies enjoining good and forbidding evil, 425 00:22:12,470 --> 00:22:16,470 as well as reminding others of the hadith of the Prophet (peace be upon him) 426 00:22:16,470 --> 00:22:20,470 in conjunction with enjoining good and forbidding evil. 427 00:22:20,470 --> 00:22:23,470 The hadith also affirms the reality of the punishment of the grave. 428 00:22:23,470 --> 00:22:29,450 Chapter: What is disliked regarding wailing over the deceased. 429 00:22:29,450 --> 00:22:34,059 Narrated al-Mughirah (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 430 00:22:34,059 --> 00:22:38,059 "I heard the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) say: 431 00:22:38,059 --> 00:22:43,059 'Attributing a lie to me is not like lying about anyone else; 432 00:22:43,059 --> 00:22:46,059 whoever intentionally lies against me, 433 00:22:46,059 --> 00:22:49,059 let him take his seat in the Fire.' 434 00:22:49,059 --> 00:22:54,190 And I heard the Prophet (peace be upon him) say: 435 00:22:54,190 --> 00:22:56,190 'Whoever is wailed over 436 00:22:56,190 --> 00:22:59,829 is punished because of that wailing.'" 437 00:22:59,829 --> 00:23:03,119 Commentary on the hadith: 438 00:23:03,119 --> 00:23:06,150 "Anyone else"—meaning anyone other than me. 439 00:23:06,150 --> 00:23:09,150 "Let him take his seat in the Fire"— 440 00:23:09,150 --> 00:23:12,240 meaning: let him prepare his dwelling place in the Hellfire. 441 00:23:12,240 --> 00:23:16,500 "Whoever is wailed over"—meaning when people wail and lament over them. 442 00:23:16,500 --> 00:23:20,329 Key benefits of the hadith: 443 00:23:20,329 --> 00:23:22,329 From this hadith it is deduced: 444 00:23:22,329 --> 00:23:25,329 That wailing is forbidden by consensus (ijma'), 445 00:23:25,329 --> 00:23:28,329 and that it is one of the practices of the pre-Islamic Jahiliyyah. 446 00:23:28,329 --> 00:23:32,329 It also establishes the absolute prohibition of lying against the Prophet (peace be upon him), 447 00:23:32,329 --> 00:23:34,329 which is among the major sins. 448 00:23:34,329 --> 00:23:37,480 Chapter: 449 00:23:37,480 --> 00:23:40,480 "He is not of us who tears his garments at the chest." 450 00:23:40,480 --> 00:23:45,210 Narrated 'Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 451 00:23:45,210 --> 00:23:48,210 The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: 452 00:23:48,210 --> 00:23:51,210 "He is not of us who strikes his cheeks, 453 00:23:51,210 --> 00:23:53,210 tears his garments at the chest, 454 00:23:53,210 --> 00:23:56,950 or cries out with the cries of the Jahiliyyah." 455 00:23:56,950 --> 00:24:00,400 Commentary on the hadith: 456 00:24:00,400 --> 00:24:01,400 "He is not of us"— 457 00:24:01,400 --> 00:24:03,400 meaning: he is not among those who follow our Sunnah, 458 00:24:03,400 --> 00:24:06,400 nor is he among those guided by our guidance. 459 00:24:06,400 --> 00:24:07,400 "Strikes" (latm)— 460 00:24:07,400 --> 00:24:08,400 means slapping or beating. 461 00:24:08,400 --> 00:24:10,400 "Tears his garments at the chest"— 462 00:24:10,400 --> 00:24:12,400 means ripping one's clothes open. 463 00:24:12,400 --> 00:24:15,400 "Or cries out with the cries of the Jahiliyyah"— 464 00:24:15,400 --> 00:24:19,400 meaning: the impermissible utterances made by the people of the Jahiliyyah, 465 00:24:19,400 --> 00:24:20,400 such as their cries of 466 00:24:20,400 --> 00:24:23,400 'O my support!' and similar lamentations. 467 00:24:23,400 --> 00:24:26,619 Key benefits of the hadith: 468 00:24:26,619 --> 00:24:29,259 From this hadith it is deduced: 469 00:24:29,259 --> 00:24:32,259 The prohibition of the practices of the Jahiliyyah. 470 00:24:32,259 --> 00:24:35,259 It establishes the prohibition of striking the cheeks and wailing, 471 00:24:35,259 --> 00:24:38,259 as well as the prohibition of ruining wealth when a calamity strikes. 472 00:24:38,259 --> 00:24:44,369 Chapter: What is forbidden regarding shaving the head upon a calamity. 473 00:24:44,369 --> 00:24:48,039 Narrated Abu Burdah ibn Abi Musa, who said: 474 00:24:48,039 --> 00:24:52,039 "Abu Musa became severely ill 475 00:24:52,039 --> 00:24:53,039 and fell unconscious, 476 00:24:53,039 --> 00:24:57,039 while his head was resting in the lap of a woman of his household, 477 00:24:57,039 --> 00:25:01,039 and he was unable to respond to her at all. 478 00:25:01,039 --> 00:25:03,039 When he regained consciousness, he said: 479 00:25:03,039 --> 00:25:09,039 'I disassociate myself from anyone whom the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) disassociated himself from; 480 00:25:09,039 --> 00:25:13,109 indeed, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) 481 00:25:13,109 --> 00:25:18,109 disassociated himself from the wailing woman (al-saliqah), the hair-shaving woman (al-haliqah), and the garment-rending woman (al-shaqqah).'" 482 00:25:18,109 --> 00:25:21,680 Commentary on the hadith: 483 00:25:21,680 --> 00:25:24,200 "Became ill" (waji'a) means fell sick. 484 00:25:24,200 --> 00:25:26,230 "Fell unconscious" 485 00:25:26,230 --> 00:25:28,230 means he fainted. 486 00:25:28,230 --> 00:25:30,230 "In the lap" (hujr) means in her care and embrace. 487 00:25:30,230 --> 00:25:32,230 "A woman of his household"— 488 00:25:32,230 --> 00:25:34,230 she was his wife, Safiyyah. 489 00:25:34,230 --> 00:25:36,359 "Al-saliqah"— 490 00:25:36,359 --> 00:25:39,359 is the woman who raises her voice in wailing at the time of calamity; 491 00:25:39,359 --> 00:25:43,359 it is also said: she who slaps and scratches her face. 492 00:25:43,359 --> 00:25:45,450 "Al-haliqah"— 493 00:25:45,450 --> 00:25:48,450 is the woman who shaves her hair upon a calamity. 494 00:25:48,450 --> 00:25:50,450 "Al-shaqqah"— 495 00:25:50,450 --> 00:25:54,450 is the woman who tears her clothes upon a calamity. 496 00:25:54,450 --> 00:25:57,900 Key benefits of the hadith: 497 00:25:57,900 --> 00:26:00,730 From this hadith it is deduced: 498 00:26:00,730 --> 00:26:02,730 That loud lamentation and wailing, 499 00:26:02,730 --> 00:26:04,730 striking the cheeks, tearing the clothes, 500 00:26:04,730 --> 00:26:07,730 scratching the face, disheveling the hair, 501 00:26:07,730 --> 00:26:10,730 and invoking woe and ruin— 502 00:26:10,730 --> 00:26:13,730 all of these are strictly forbidden acts. 503 00:26:13,730 --> 00:26:15,799 It also establishes the legitimacy of a sick person 504 00:26:15,799 --> 00:26:19,799 enjoining good and forbidding evil. 505 00:26:19,799 --> 00:26:23,910 Chapter: One who sits during a bereavement 506 00:26:23,910 --> 00:26:26,910 with grief visible upon him. 507 00:26:26,910 --> 00:26:30,839 Narrated 'A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her), who said: 508 00:26:30,839 --> 00:26:34,839 "When news reached the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) 509 00:26:34,839 --> 00:26:38,839 of the martyrdom of Ibn Harithah, Ja'far, and Ibn Rawahah, 510 00:26:38,839 --> 00:26:40,839 he sat down, with grief visibly evident upon him, 511 00:26:40,839 --> 00:26:43,839 while I was looking through a chink in the door— 512 00:26:43,839 --> 00:26:45,839 that is, the crack of the door. 513 00:26:45,839 --> 00:26:48,869 A man came to him and said: 514 00:26:48,869 --> 00:26:50,869 'The women of Ja'far...' 515 00:26:50,869 --> 00:26:52,869 and he mentioned their weeping, 516 00:26:52,869 --> 00:26:55,869 so the Prophet commanded him to forbid them. 517 00:26:55,869 --> 00:26:56,869 The man left, 518 00:26:56,869 --> 00:26:58,869 then returned a second time saying: 519 00:26:58,869 --> 00:27:00,869 'They have not obeyed.' 520 00:27:00,869 --> 00:27:01,869 So he said: 521 00:27:01,869 --> 00:27:03,869 'Forbid them.' 522 00:27:03,869 --> 00:27:05,900 The man came a third time 523 00:27:05,900 --> 00:27:06,900 and said: 524 00:27:06,900 --> 00:27:10,900 'By Allah, they have overcome us, O Messenger of Allah!' 525 00:27:10,900 --> 00:27:13,059 She said: I think he then said: 526 00:27:13,059 --> 00:27:17,059 'Throw dust into their mouths.' 527 00:27:17,059 --> 00:27:18,190 So I said: 528 00:27:18,190 --> 00:27:20,190 'May Allah rub your nose in the dust! 529 00:27:20,190 --> 00:27:25,190 You neither did what the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) commanded you, 530 00:27:26,190 --> 00:27:31,190 nor did you spare the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) from distress!'" 531 00:27:31,190 --> 00:27:35,660 Commentary on the hadith: 532 00:27:35,660 --> 00:27:37,660 "Ibn Harithah"— 533 00:27:37,660 --> 00:27:40,720 is Zayd ibn Harithah, may Allah be pleased with him. 534 00:27:40,720 --> 00:27:41,720 "Ja'far"— 535 00:27:41,720 --> 00:27:44,720 is Ja'far ibn Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with him. 536 00:27:44,720 --> 00:27:46,759 "Ibn Rawahah"— 537 00:27:46,759 --> 00:27:49,759 is 'Abdullah ibn Rawahah, may Allah be pleased with him. 538 00:27:49,759 --> 00:27:52,789 "Grief was visibly evident upon him"— 539 00:27:52,789 --> 00:27:54,789 as though he sought to suppress his sorrow, 540 00:27:54,789 --> 00:27:56,789 but only that which was unavoidable 541 00:27:56,789 --> 00:27:59,950 for human nature showed through. 542 00:27:59,950 --> 00:28:00,950 "The women of Ja'far"— 543 00:28:00,950 --> 00:28:03,950 refers to his wife and the women gathered with her. 544 00:28:03,950 --> 00:28:05,980 "They have overcome us"— 545 00:28:05,980 --> 00:28:07,980 meaning they refused to stop crying. 546 00:28:07,980 --> 00:28:11,039 "Throw dust into their mouths"— 547 00:28:11,039 --> 00:28:15,039 he commanded him to silence their mouths with dust, 548 00:28:15,039 --> 00:28:17,039 specifying the mouths 549 00:28:17,039 --> 00:28:19,039 because they are the instrument of wailing; 550 00:28:19,039 --> 00:28:22,039 other interpretations have also been offered. 551 00:28:22,039 --> 00:28:24,269 "May Allah rub your nose in the dust"— 552 00:28:24,269 --> 00:28:27,269 meaning: may Allah bring you low by sticking your nose into ragham, 553 00:28:27,269 --> 00:28:29,269 which is dust. 554 00:28:29,269 --> 00:28:30,329 "Distress" ('ana)— 555 00:28:30,329 --> 00:28:33,329 denotes hardship and exhaustion. 556 00:28:33,329 --> 00:28:36,650 Key benefits of the hadith: 557 00:28:36,650 --> 00:28:39,390 From this hadith it is deduced: 558 00:28:39,390 --> 00:28:43,390 The permissibility of sitting to receive condolences with composure and dignity. 559 00:28:43,390 --> 00:28:47,420 It encourages patience and seeking Allah's reward in the face of calamity. 560 00:28:47,420 --> 00:28:51,420 The hadith serves as evidence that one who is forbidden from an evil, 561 00:28:52,420 --> 00:28:56,420 if they do not desist, may be penalized and disciplined if possible. 562 00:28:56,420 --> 00:29:01,480 It establishes the legitimacy of repeating an enjoinment of good and prohibition of evil. 563 00:29:01,480 --> 00:29:07,480 It shows the permissibility of dispatching a messenger to enjoin good and forbid evil. 564 00:29:07,480 --> 00:29:12,519 It also encourages avoiding causing undue hardship and trouble in all matters.