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In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

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A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari.

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Abridged by Dr. 'Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammari.

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Surah al-Saffat.

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In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

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“Then We cast him on a desert shore while he was sick;” (37:145)

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“And We caused a tree of gourd to grow above him;” (37:146)

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We cast him out onto the barren land.

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Where he was shielded by nothing, neither trees nor anything else.

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He was ill, like a newborn infant.

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With raw flesh.

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We caused a plant to grow over Yunus, a type of plant that does not stand on a trunk.

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Every plant that does not stand on a trunk,

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Such as gourds, melons, colocynths, and the like,

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Is called "yaqtin" (gourd) by the Arabs.

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“And We sent him to a hundred thousand (folk) or more” (37:147)

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“And they believed, therefor We gave them comfort for a while.” (37:148)

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We sent Yunus to a hundred thousand people,

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Or even more than a hundred thousand.

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It is reported from Ibn 'Abbas that he says:

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Rather, they were more.

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They believed in the oneness of Allah, who sent Yunus to them.

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So We averted the punishment from them.

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And We let them enjoy their lives until the appointed time of their death.

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So ask them: "Does your Lord have daughters, while they have sons?"

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"Or did We create the angels as females while they were witnesses?"

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Ask, O Muhammad, the polytheists of your people from Quraysh:

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"Does your Lord have daughters, while you have sons?"

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It is mentioned that the polytheists of Quraysh used to say:

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"The angels are the daughters of Allah," and they used to worship them.

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Or did these polytheists who make such claims witness,

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That the angels are the daughters of Allah?

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Did I create the angels as females, and did I create them as humans?

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Did they witness this creation?

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And did they describe the angels as being human?

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“Lo! it is of their falsehood that they say:” (37:151)

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“Allah hath begotten. Allah! verily they tell a lie.” (37:152)

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Behold, these polytheists, in their falsehood, say:

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"Allah has begotten," and they are indeed liars in that claim.

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Has He chosen daughters over sons?

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What is the matter with you? How do you judge?

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Will you not remember?

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Has Allah chosen, O people, daughters over sons?

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Evil is the judgment you make, O people.

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That Allah should have daughters while you have sons.

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Yet you are not pleased with daughters for yourselves.

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Will you not reflect on what you are saying?

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So that you may recognize its error and desist from saying it.

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“Or have ye a clear warrant?” (37:156)

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“Then produce your writ, if ye are truthful.” (37:157)

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Do you have any proof whose validity is clear to those who hear it, regarding the truth of what you say?

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Then bring your proof from a book that has come to you from Allah,

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If you are truthful that you have any evidence for that.

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They have established a lineage between Him and the jinn.

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But the jinn know well that they will be brought forth [for judgment].

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Exalted is Allah above what they describe.

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Except for the chosen servants of Allah.

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These polytheists established a lineage between Allah and the jinn.

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Some of them said:

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"Allah and Iblis are brothers."

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It is also said that they meant they claimed the angels were the daughters of Allah.

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And they said the jinn are the angels.

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The jinn know well that they will be brought forth to the punishment of the Fire.

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This is a declaration of Allah’s transcendence and His innocence from what these polytheists attribute to Him.

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The jinn know well that those who said,

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"The angels are the daughters of Allah,"

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Will be brought forth to the punishment.

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Except for the servants of Allah whom He has chosen for His mercy and created for His Paradise.

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For you and what you worship.

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“Ye cannot excite (anyone) against Him.” (37:162)

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“Save him who is to burn in hell.” (37:163)

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For you, O polytheists who associate partners with Allah, and what you worship of gods and idols,

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You are not able to lead anyone astray regarding what you worship besides Allah,

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Except for those whom Allah has decreed will reach the Hellfire.

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“There is not one of us but hath his known position.” (37:164)

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And indeed, we are those who stand in ranks, and we are those who glorify Him.

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There is not one among us, the company of angels, but has a known station in the heavens.

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We are those who stand in ranks for Allah, for His worship.

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And we are those who pray to Him.

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And they used to say:

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“If we had but a reminder from the men of old” (37:168)

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“We would be single-minded slaves of Allah.” (37:169)

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“Yet (now that it is come) they disbelieve therein; but they will come to know.” (37:170)

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The polytheists of Quraysh used to say before Muhammad, peace be upon him, was sent to them:

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"If only we had a book sent down from heaven like the Torah and the Gospel,"

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"Or a prophet had come to us like the one who came to the Jews and the Christians,"

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"We would have been the chosen servants of Allah whom He selected for His worship and chose for His Paradise."

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But when the Reminder (the Qur'an) came to them from Allah, they disbelieved in it.

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They will soon know, when they come before Me, what punishment they will receive for their disbelief in it.

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Our word has already preceded for Our servants, the messengers.

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That they are the ones who will be helped.

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“And that Our host, they verily would be the victors.” (37:173)

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Our decree and judgment have already passed for Our messengers,

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That they are the ones who will have victory and triumph through arguments.

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And Our party, the people of Our allegiance, are the ones who will have success and prosperity over those who disbelieve in Us.

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“So withdraw from them (O Muhammad) awhile,” (37:174)

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Watch them, for they will soon see.

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Do they seek to hasten Our punishment?

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“But when it cometh home to them, then it will be a hapless morn for those who have been warned.” (37:177)

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So turn away from them until the time Our punishment arrives.

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And watch them, for they will soon see what befalls them of Our punishment.

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Do they seek to hasten the descent of Our punishment upon them, O Muhammad?

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When the punishment of Allah descends upon these people,

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Then evil is the morning for those who were warned by Our messenger but did not believe him.

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“Withdraw from them awhile” (37:178)

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And watch, for they will soon see.

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And turn away, O Muhammad, from these polytheists,

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Until the time Allah permits their destruction.

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And watch them, for they will soon see what befalls them of Our punishment.

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“Glorified be thy Lord, the Lord of Majesty, from that which they attribute (unto Him)” (37:180)

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And peace be upon the messengers.

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And praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds.

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A declaration of your Lord’s transcendence, O Muhammad, and His innocence,

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The Lord of power and might,

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From what these fabricators describe in their saying, "Allah has begotten,"

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And their saying, "The angels are the daughters of Allah,"

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And other such polytheism and fabrication against their Lord.

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And it is a security from Allah for the messengers whom He sent to their nations,

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From the terror of the Day of the Greatest Punishment,

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And from any other evil.

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And praise be to Allah, Lord of all creation.

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Purely and exclusively, to the exclusion of all else.

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A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari.