WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.200 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:05.190 --> 00:00:08.070 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari. 00:00:08.580 --> 00:00:12.740 Abridged by Dr. 'Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammar. 00:00:14.009 --> 00:00:16.089 Surah al-Balad. 00:00:18.539 --> 00:00:23.179 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:23.179 --> 00:00:26.260 “Nay, I swear by this city -” (90:1) 00:00:26.260 --> 00:00:30.780 “And thou art an indweller of this city -” (90:2) 00:00:30.780 --> 00:00:34.579 "And by the begetter and what he begot." 00:00:34.619 --> 00:00:39.659 “We verily have created man in an atmosphere:” (90:4) 00:00:39.659 --> 00:00:44.780 “Thinketh he that none hath power over him?” (90:5) 00:00:44.780 --> 00:00:48.619 “And he saith: I have destroyed vast wealth:” (90:6) 00:00:48.619 --> 00:00:52.179 “Thinketh he that none beholdeth him?” (90:7) 00:00:53.320 --> 00:00:56.560 He swears, O Muhammad, by this sacred city. 00:00:56.560 --> 00:00:58.200 Which is Makkah. 00:00:58.200 --> 00:01:01.719 And you, O Muhammad, are permitted within this city. 00:01:01.719 --> 00:01:05.079 You may do within it as you wish regarding those you intend to kill. 00:01:05.200 --> 00:01:07.400 And take captive those you intend to take captive. 00:01:07.400 --> 00:01:09.819 That is permitted for you. 00:01:09.819 --> 00:01:13.900 And He swears by the father and by the child he begot. 00:01:13.900 --> 00:01:18.810 Man was created to struggle through affairs and endure them with hardship. 00:01:18.810 --> 00:01:22.329 Does this man, confident in his resilience and strength, think? 00:01:22.329 --> 00:01:25.650 That no one will ever overpower or defeat him? 00:01:25.650 --> 00:01:28.569 Yet Allah is his Overpowerer and Subduer. 00:01:28.569 --> 00:01:31.090 This arrogant, strong man says: 00:01:31.090 --> 00:01:34.489 "I have squandered vast wealth in opposing Muhammad." 00:01:34.530 --> 00:01:36.810 Peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:01:36.810 --> 00:01:38.890 And he spent that wealth against him. 00:01:38.890 --> 00:01:41.450 Yet he is lying in his claim. 00:01:41.450 --> 00:01:45.170 Does this speaker, who says "I have squandered vast wealth," think? 00:01:45.170 --> 00:01:51.980 That no one saw him in the state of spending what he claims to have spent? 00:01:51.980 --> 00:01:55.900 “Did We not assign unto him two eyes” (90:8) 00:01:55.900 --> 00:02:00.420 And a tongue and two lips. 00:02:00.420 --> 00:02:05.260 And We have shown him the two ways. 00:02:05.260 --> 00:02:07.739 So he has not attempted the steep path. 00:02:07.739 --> 00:02:10.900 “Ah, what will convey unto thee what the Ascent is! -” (90:12) 00:02:10.900 --> 00:02:12.740 It is the freeing of a slave. 00:02:12.740 --> 00:02:18.659 “And to feed in the day of hunger.” (90:14) 00:02:18.659 --> 00:02:22.099 An orphan of near kinship. 00:02:22.099 --> 00:02:27.139 “Or some poor wretch in misery,” (90:16) 00:02:27.139 --> 00:02:31.060 Have We not granted this speaker, who says "I have squandered vast wealth," 00:02:31.060 --> 00:02:34.460 Two eyes with which he sees the proofs of Allah against him? 00:02:34.500 --> 00:02:38.139 And a tongue with which he expresses whatever he wishes? 00:02:38.139 --> 00:02:39.699 And two lips? 00:02:39.699 --> 00:02:42.620 A favor from Us to him in that. 00:02:42.620 --> 00:02:44.659 And We have guided him to the two paths. 00:02:44.659 --> 00:02:46.819 The path of good and the path of evil. 00:02:46.819 --> 00:02:48.500 Yet he has not traversed the steep path. 00:02:48.500 --> 00:02:50.819 So as to cross it and pass through it. 00:02:50.819 --> 00:02:54.659 It is mentioned that the "steep path" is a mountain in Hell. 00:02:54.659 --> 00:02:58.379 And what could make you know, O Muhammad, what the steep path is? 00:02:58.379 --> 00:03:03.379 Then He, the Almighty, clarified for him what the steep path is and what the salvation from it is. 00:03:03.379 --> 00:03:05.699 And what the nature of traversing it is. 00:03:05.699 --> 00:03:09.460 He said that traversing and crossing it is: 00:03:09.460 --> 00:03:13.060 Freeing a neck from slavery and the bondage of servitude. 00:03:13.060 --> 00:03:18.900 Or feeding on a day of severe hunger an orphan who has no father, from among his relatives. 00:03:18.900 --> 00:03:24.569 Or a destitute person who has been pressed into the dust by poverty and need. 00:03:24.569 --> 00:03:32.969 “And to be of those who believe and exhort one another to perseverance and exhort one another to pity.” (90:17) 00:03:32.969 --> 00:03:37.930 Those are the people of the right hand. 00:03:37.930 --> 00:03:43.969 “But those who disbelieve Our revelations, their place will be on the left hand.” (90:19) 00:03:43.969 --> 00:03:49.330 Upon them is a fire closed over. 00:03:49.330 --> 00:03:53.569 Then, this person who said "I have squandered vast wealth" was not: 00:03:53.569 --> 00:03:56.729 Among those who believed in Allah and His Messenger. 00:03:56.729 --> 00:03:59.370 So that they might believe along with them as they believed. 00:03:59.370 --> 00:04:04.810 And among those who enjoin one another to patience regarding what befalls them for the sake of Allah. 00:04:04.810 --> 00:04:08.050 And enjoin one another to mercy. 00:04:08.050 --> 00:04:12.490 Those who performed these deeds that I have mentioned: 00:04:12.490 --> 00:04:16.449 Such as freeing slaves, feeding the orphan, and other such acts. 00:04:16.449 --> 00:04:18.170 They are the people of the right hand. 00:04:18.170 --> 00:04:23.449 Those who will be led on the Day of Resurrection to the right, toward Paradise. 00:04:23.449 --> 00:04:26.370 As for those who disbelieved in Our signs and Our markers, 00:04:26.410 --> 00:04:30.009 And Our proofs from the scriptures, the messengers, and otherwise: 00:04:30.009 --> 00:04:32.889 They are the people of the left hand on the Day of Resurrection. 00:04:32.889 --> 00:04:35.930 Those who will be led to the left. 00:04:35.930 --> 00:04:41.720 Upon them is the fire of Hell on the Day of Resurrection, closed over. 00:04:41.720 --> 00:04:45.839 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari.