1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:05,469 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 2 00:00:05,469 --> 00:00:07,469 A summary of the book: 3 00:00:07,469 --> 00:00:11,470 Ramadan: Events and Lessons. 4 00:00:11,470 --> 00:00:19,070 The birth of the grandson of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him. 5 00:00:19,070 --> 00:00:25,070 Al-Hasan ibn Ali ibn Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with them both. 6 00:00:25,070 --> 00:00:27,460 The time: 7 00:00:27,460 --> 00:00:29,460 Mid-Ramadan, 8 00:00:29,460 --> 00:00:32,460 of the third year after the Hijrah. 9 00:00:32,460 --> 00:00:41,399 On a radiant, blessed day in the Prophetic city of Madinah, 10 00:00:41,399 --> 00:00:44,399 a noble soul graced the world. 11 00:00:44,399 --> 00:00:47,399 The Prophetic household rejoiced at his arrival, 12 00:00:47,399 --> 00:00:51,399 and was gladdened by his dawning with immense joy. 13 00:00:51,399 --> 00:00:56,560 Thus, happiness spread across hearts and faces alike. 14 00:00:56,560 --> 00:00:58,560 For in the middle of Ramadan, 15 00:00:58,560 --> 00:01:00,560 in the third year of the Hijrah, 16 00:01:00,560 --> 00:01:03,560 was born the Commander of the Faithful, 17 00:01:03,560 --> 00:01:09,939 Al-Hasan ibn Ali ibn Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with them both. 18 00:01:09,939 --> 00:01:13,939 This noble newborn had a special significance, 19 00:01:13,939 --> 00:01:17,939 for he was the first child born to the apple of the Messenger of Allah’s eye, 20 00:01:17,939 --> 00:01:20,939 Fatimah, may Allah be pleased with her, 21 00:01:20,939 --> 00:01:23,939 and the first child from the Banu Hashim 22 00:01:23,939 --> 00:01:26,939 for his beloved, Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, 23 00:01:26,939 --> 00:01:29,939 the forerunner to Islam. 24 00:01:29,939 --> 00:01:33,939 He was the first grandson of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 25 00:01:33,939 --> 00:01:37,939 and his birth was marked by great celebration. 26 00:01:37,939 --> 00:01:41,200 Among the evidence for this: 27 00:01:41,200 --> 00:01:48,420 First, the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, reciting the adhan in his ear. 28 00:01:48,420 --> 00:01:51,420 It is narrated from Abu Rafi‘, may Allah be pleased with him, 29 00:01:51,420 --> 00:01:54,420 that the Prophet, peace be upon him, 30 00:01:54,420 --> 00:01:57,420 recited the adhan in the ear of Al-Hasan ibn Ali 31 00:01:57,420 --> 00:02:01,260 when Fatimah gave birth to him. 32 00:02:01,260 --> 00:02:06,260 Second, the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, performed the ‘aqiqah 33 00:02:06,260 --> 00:02:09,259 for Al-Hasan and Al-Husayn, may Allah be pleased with them both, 34 00:02:09,259 --> 00:02:12,259 by sacrificing two rams for each. 35 00:02:12,259 --> 00:02:17,509 Third, the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, commanded 36 00:02:17,509 --> 00:02:21,509 Fatimah, may Allah be pleased with her, to shave his head 37 00:02:21,509 --> 00:02:25,509 and to give the weight of his hair in silver as charity to the poor. 38 00:02:25,509 --> 00:02:29,860 It is narrated from Abu Rafi‘, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 39 00:02:29,860 --> 00:02:34,860 The Prophet, peace be upon him, said to Fatimah when she gave birth to Al-Hasan: 40 00:02:34,860 --> 00:02:41,860 "Shave his head and give the weight of his hair in silver as charity to the poor." 41 00:02:41,860 --> 00:02:48,180 Al-Hasan ibn Ali, may Allah be pleased with them both, was a unique personality, 42 00:02:48,180 --> 00:02:52,180 who embodied a great many virtuous qualities. 43 00:02:52,180 --> 00:02:54,180 This is no surprise, 44 00:02:54,180 --> 00:02:58,180 for the source from which he shone was of brilliant light, 45 00:02:58,180 --> 00:03:02,180 and the garden in which he grew and flourished 46 00:03:02,180 --> 00:03:05,180 was a garden of absolute purity. 47 00:03:05,180 --> 00:03:07,180 The hands that nurtured him 48 00:03:07,180 --> 00:03:11,180 are the standard of purity and righteousness. 49 00:03:11,180 --> 00:03:14,379 The environment that encompassed his years 50 00:03:14,379 --> 00:03:18,379 is the most righteous environment history has ever known. 51 00:03:18,379 --> 00:03:20,469 In the house of Prophethood, 52 00:03:20,469 --> 00:03:23,469 he began his early years with his grandfather, the Prophet, 53 00:03:23,469 --> 00:03:25,469 his pious father, 54 00:03:25,469 --> 00:03:28,469 and his righteous mother, Al-Zahra’. 55 00:03:28,469 --> 00:03:32,500 After the death of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 56 00:03:32,500 --> 00:03:35,500 and his noble mother, may Allah be pleased with her, 57 00:03:35,500 --> 00:03:39,500 his father took sole charge of his upbringing and guidance. 58 00:03:39,500 --> 00:03:43,500 Thus, he grew up to be one of the great figures of his time, 59 00:03:43,500 --> 00:03:49,500 one of those for whom history preserved models of generosity, forbearance, and piety. 60 00:03:50,539 --> 00:03:53,539 He spent his life, which exceeded four decades, 61 00:03:53,539 --> 00:03:56,539 between deeds of praise and words of wisdom, 62 00:03:56,539 --> 00:04:02,539 leaving behind for those who followed a volume of guidance and emulation. 63 00:04:11,460 --> 00:04:16,689 Whoever examines the hadith of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 64 00:04:16,689 --> 00:04:18,689 and his fragrant Seerah, 65 00:04:18,689 --> 00:04:24,689 will find that Al-Hasan and his brother Al-Husayn, may Allah be pleased with them both, hold a lofty status 66 00:04:24,689 --> 00:04:26,689 and possess many virtues, 67 00:04:26,689 --> 00:04:31,689 as attested to by the words of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 68 00:04:31,689 --> 00:04:33,689 and his treatment of them. 69 00:04:33,689 --> 00:04:38,689 The leading scholars of hadith have dedicated chapters to them in their books, 70 00:04:38,689 --> 00:04:41,689 under the sections of merits and virtues, 71 00:04:41,689 --> 00:04:46,689 such as the two Imams, Al-Bukhari and Muslim, may the mercy of Allah be upon them. 72 00:04:46,689 --> 00:04:48,689 Among these are: 73 00:04:48,689 --> 00:04:49,689 First: 74 00:04:49,689 --> 00:04:53,689 The care of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 75 00:04:53,689 --> 00:04:57,910 his mercy toward them, and his inability to be patient without them. 76 00:04:57,910 --> 00:05:01,910 It is narrated from Abu Buraydah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 77 00:05:01,910 --> 00:05:05,910 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, was delivering a sermon to us 78 00:05:05,910 --> 00:05:08,910 when Al-Hasan and Al-Husayn arrived, 79 00:05:08,910 --> 00:05:11,910 wearing two red shirts, 80 00:05:11,910 --> 00:05:13,910 walking and stumbling. 81 00:05:13,910 --> 00:05:17,980 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, descended from the pulpit, 82 00:05:17,980 --> 00:05:19,980 picked them up, 83 00:05:19,980 --> 00:05:21,980 and placed them before him. 84 00:05:21,980 --> 00:05:23,980 Then he said: 85 00:05:23,980 --> 00:05:25,980 "Allah has spoken the truth: 86 00:05:25,980 --> 00:05:29,980 'Your wealth and your children are but a trial.'" 87 00:05:29,980 --> 00:05:34,980 "I looked at these two boys walking and stumbling, 88 00:05:34,980 --> 00:05:39,980 and I could not restrain myself until I interrupted my sermon and picked them up." 89 00:05:39,980 --> 00:05:42,389 Second: 90 00:05:42,389 --> 00:05:45,389 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, designated them 91 00:05:45,389 --> 00:05:48,389 as his two sweet-smelling flowers of this world. 92 00:05:48,389 --> 00:05:51,389 It is narrated from Ibn Abi Nu‘m who said: 93 00:05:51,389 --> 00:05:53,389 I was a witness for Ibn ‘Umar 94 00:05:53,389 --> 00:05:56,389 when a man asked him about the blood of a mosquito. 95 00:05:56,389 --> 00:05:58,389 He said: 96 00:05:58,389 --> 00:06:00,389 "Where are you from?" 97 00:06:00,389 --> 00:06:01,389 He replied: 98 00:06:01,389 --> 00:06:03,389 "From the people of Iraq." 99 00:06:03,389 --> 00:06:04,420 He said: 100 00:06:04,420 --> 00:06:06,420 "Look at this man; 101 00:06:06,420 --> 00:06:09,420 he asks me about the blood of a mosquito, 102 00:06:09,420 --> 00:06:13,420 yet they killed the grandson of the Prophet, peace be upon him! 103 00:06:13,420 --> 00:06:18,420 I heard the Prophet, peace be upon him, say: 104 00:06:18,420 --> 00:06:21,420 'They are my two sweet-smelling flowers of this world.'" 105 00:06:21,420 --> 00:06:23,420 The meaning is 106 00:06:23,420 --> 00:06:27,420 that they are among the blessings Allah has honored and gifted me with, 107 00:06:27,420 --> 00:06:31,420 because children are smelled and kissed, 108 00:06:31,420 --> 00:06:35,420 so they are like flowers. 109 00:06:35,420 --> 00:06:37,649 Third: 110 00:06:37,649 --> 00:06:42,649 The great love of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, for Al-Hasan, 111 00:06:42,649 --> 00:06:45,649 and his supplication for him and for those who love him. 112 00:06:45,649 --> 00:06:49,970 It is narrated from Al-Bara’, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 113 00:06:49,970 --> 00:06:52,970 I saw the Prophet, peace be upon him, 114 00:06:52,970 --> 00:06:55,970 with Al-Hasan ibn Ali on his shoulder, 115 00:06:55,970 --> 00:06:57,970 saying: 116 00:06:57,970 --> 00:07:02,160 "O Allah, I love him, so love him." 117 00:07:02,160 --> 00:07:04,160 Fourth: 118 00:07:04,160 --> 00:07:07,160 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, made 119 00:07:07,160 --> 00:07:10,160 loving them a sign of true love for him, 120 00:07:10,160 --> 00:07:13,379 and hating them a sign of hating him. 121 00:07:13,379 --> 00:07:16,420 It is narrated from Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 122 00:07:16,420 --> 00:07:21,420 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, came out to us, 123 00:07:21,420 --> 00:07:24,420 and with him were Al-Hasan and Al-Husayn, 124 00:07:24,420 --> 00:07:26,420 one on his shoulder, 125 00:07:26,420 --> 00:07:28,420 and the other on his shoulder, 126 00:07:28,420 --> 00:07:31,420 and he was kissing this one at one moment, 127 00:07:31,420 --> 00:07:33,420 meaning he was kissing him, 128 00:07:33,420 --> 00:07:35,420 and that one at another. 129 00:07:36,420 --> 00:07:38,420 A man said to him: 130 00:07:38,420 --> 00:07:40,420 "O Messenger of Allah, 131 00:07:40,420 --> 00:07:42,420 you love them?" 132 00:07:42,420 --> 00:07:44,449 He replied: 133 00:07:44,449 --> 00:07:47,449 "Whoever loves them has loved me, 134 00:07:47,449 --> 00:07:51,449 and whoever hates them has hated me." 135 00:07:51,449 --> 00:07:53,769 Fifth: 136 00:07:53,769 --> 00:07:56,769 The glad tidings of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 137 00:07:56,769 --> 00:07:59,769 that Al-Hasan and Al-Husayn 138 00:07:59,769 --> 00:08:03,019 are the leaders of the youth of Paradise. 139 00:08:03,019 --> 00:08:07,019 It is narrated from Abu Sa‘id Al-Khudri, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 140 00:08:07,019 --> 00:08:11,019 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: 141 00:08:11,019 --> 00:08:13,019 "Al-Hasan and Al-Husayn 142 00:08:13,019 --> 00:08:16,019 are the leaders of the youth of Paradise." 143 00:08:16,019 --> 00:08:20,920 A fragrant Seerah and a radiant life. 144 00:08:20,920 --> 00:08:23,269 Abu Muhammad, 145 00:08:23,269 --> 00:08:28,269 Al-Hasan ibn Ali ibn Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with them both, 146 00:08:28,269 --> 00:08:33,269 the grandson of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, and his sweet-smelling flower. 147 00:08:33,269 --> 00:08:37,340 He was a beacon of intelligence and virtue, 148 00:08:37,340 --> 00:08:42,340 a bright full moon in the sky of forbearance and nobility, 149 00:08:42,340 --> 00:08:47,340 and a towering figure in the horizons of righteousness and justice. 150 00:08:47,340 --> 00:08:50,429 Allah bestowed upon him the honor of lineage, 151 00:08:50,429 --> 00:08:52,429 the beauty of character and appearance, 152 00:08:52,429 --> 00:08:55,429 and the favor of acceptance among the people. 153 00:08:55,429 --> 00:09:01,429 Allah granted him many of the blessings and bounties of this world. 154 00:09:01,429 --> 00:09:04,529 Al-Hasan, may Allah be pleased with him, was honored 155 00:09:04,529 --> 00:09:08,529 by the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, naming him, 156 00:09:08,529 --> 00:09:11,529 as some scholars have mentioned. 157 00:09:11,529 --> 00:09:14,690 Abu Ahmad Al-‘Askari said: 158 00:09:14,690 --> 00:09:18,690 The Prophet, peace be upon him, named him Al-Hasan, 159 00:09:18,690 --> 00:09:21,690 and gave him the kunya Abu Muhammad, 160 00:09:21,690 --> 00:09:25,690 and this name was not known in the pre-Islamic era. 161 00:09:25,690 --> 00:09:27,850 He, may Allah be pleased with him, was 162 00:09:27,850 --> 00:09:31,850 the person most resembling the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him. 163 00:09:31,850 --> 00:09:35,879 Whoever saw the Messenger of Allah, 164 00:09:35,879 --> 00:09:37,879 remembered the Messenger of Allah, 165 00:09:37,879 --> 00:09:41,879 and whoever had not seen the Prophet of Allah but saw Al-Hasan, 166 00:09:41,879 --> 00:09:44,879 recognized his likeness in him. 167 00:09:44,879 --> 00:09:49,009 It is narrated from Anas ibn Malik, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 168 00:09:49,009 --> 00:09:55,009 "No one was more like the Messenger of Allah than Al-Hasan ibn Ali." 169 00:09:55,009 --> 00:09:59,139 Due to his closeness to the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 170 00:09:59,139 --> 00:10:03,139 and his sweet qualities and noble characteristics, 171 00:10:03,139 --> 00:10:06,139 he attained the love of the Companions, may Allah be pleased with them, 172 00:10:06,139 --> 00:10:09,139 and their honor and reverence. 173 00:10:09,139 --> 00:10:13,230 It is narrated from ‘Uqbah ibn Al-Harith, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 174 00:10:13,230 --> 00:10:17,230 Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, prayed ‘Asr, 175 00:10:17,230 --> 00:10:19,230 then went out walking, 176 00:10:19,230 --> 00:10:22,230 and saw Al-Hasan playing with the children. 177 00:10:23,230 --> 00:10:26,230 He carried him on his shoulder and said: 178 00:10:26,230 --> 00:10:29,230 "May my father be sacrificed for him; he resembles the Prophet, 179 00:10:29,230 --> 00:10:32,230 he does not resemble ‘Ali." 180 00:10:32,230 --> 00:10:35,230 And ‘Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, was laughing. 181 00:10:35,230 --> 00:10:39,389 Even if the virtues of Abu Muhammad, may Allah be pleased with him, are numerous, 182 00:10:39,389 --> 00:10:46,389 we must not forget the virtue foretold by the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 183 00:10:46,389 --> 00:10:48,389 which came to pass just as he had predicted: 184 00:10:48,389 --> 00:10:55,389 his leadership, through which Allah brought reconciliation between two great factions of the Muslims. 185 00:10:55,389 --> 00:10:59,809 It is narrated from Abu Bakrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 186 00:10:59,809 --> 00:11:03,809 I heard the Prophet, peace be upon him, on the pulpit, 187 00:11:03,809 --> 00:11:06,809 with Al-Hasan at his side, 188 00:11:06,809 --> 00:11:10,809 looking at the people one moment and at him the next, 189 00:11:10,809 --> 00:11:11,809 and saying: 190 00:11:11,809 --> 00:11:14,809 "This son of mine is a leader, 191 00:11:14,809 --> 00:11:19,809 and perhaps Allah will use him to reconcile two factions of the Muslims." 192 00:11:19,809 --> 00:11:25,159 Al-Hasan, may Allah be pleased with him, assumed the leadership of the believers 193 00:11:25,159 --> 00:11:29,159 after the martyrdom of his father, may Allah be pleased with them both. 194 00:11:29,159 --> 00:11:34,159 His caliphate, which lasted six months and some days, completed 195 00:11:34,159 --> 00:11:37,159 the thirty years of the Prophetic caliphate. 196 00:11:37,159 --> 00:11:44,320 Those months were the first time of uniting the word and sparing the blood of the Muslims, 197 00:11:44,320 --> 00:11:47,320 for he strove for reconciliation between the Muslims, 198 00:11:47,320 --> 00:11:52,320 and preferred the Hereafter over the kingdom of this world and its adornments. 199 00:11:52,320 --> 00:11:55,350 And he uttered his famous statement 200 00:11:55,350 --> 00:12:00,350 when he saw the two massive armies clad in iron like mountains: 201 00:12:00,350 --> 00:12:06,379 "Should I pit these people against one another for the sake of a worldly kingdom? 202 00:12:06,379 --> 00:12:09,379 I have no need for it." 203 00:12:09,379 --> 00:12:11,639 Ibn Kathir said: 204 00:12:11,639 --> 00:12:15,639 "Al-Hasan passed away at the age of forty-seven." 205 00:12:15,639 --> 00:12:19,639 Multiple scholars stated this as well, and it is the most authentic view. 206 00:12:19,639 --> 00:12:25,639 The most widely known opinion is that he died in the year 49 AH, as we have mentioned. 207 00:12:25,639 --> 00:12:29,639 Others said he died in the year 50 AH, 208 00:12:29,639 --> 00:12:35,639 while it was also said in the year 51 or 58 AH. 209 00:12:35,639 --> 00:12:39,820 In this event, there are profound lessons: 210 00:12:39,820 --> 00:12:48,820 First, it demonstrates the immense love of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, for al-Hasan, may Allah be pleased with him. 211 00:12:48,820 --> 00:12:54,889 Second, out of a father's love for his daughter, he naturally loves her children. 212 00:12:54,889 --> 00:13:02,210 Third, it shows the great honor the Companions, may Allah be pleased with them, accorded to the Prophet's grandson, Abu Muhammad. 213 00:13:02,210 --> 00:13:08,970 Ramadan is a month of events and lessons.