WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:05.469 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:05.469 --> 00:00:07.469 A summary of the book: 00:00:07.469 --> 00:00:11.470 Ramadan: Events and Lessons. 00:00:11.470 --> 00:00:19.070 The birth of the grandson of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him. 00:00:19.070 --> 00:00:25.070 Al-Hasan ibn Ali ibn Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with them both. 00:00:25.070 --> 00:00:27.460 The time: 00:00:27.460 --> 00:00:29.460 Mid-Ramadan, 00:00:29.460 --> 00:00:32.460 of the third year after the Hijrah. 00:00:32.460 --> 00:00:41.399 On a radiant, blessed day in the Prophetic city of Madinah, 00:00:41.399 --> 00:00:44.399 a noble soul graced the world. 00:00:44.399 --> 00:00:47.399 The Prophetic household rejoiced at his arrival, 00:00:47.399 --> 00:00:51.399 and was gladdened by his dawning with immense joy. 00:00:51.399 --> 00:00:56.560 Thus, happiness spread across hearts and faces alike. 00:00:56.560 --> 00:00:58.560 For in the middle of Ramadan, 00:00:58.560 --> 00:01:00.560 in the third year of the Hijrah, 00:01:00.560 --> 00:01:03.560 was born the Commander of the Faithful, 00:01:03.560 --> 00:01:09.939 Al-Hasan ibn Ali ibn Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with them both. 00:01:09.939 --> 00:01:13.939 This noble newborn had a special significance, 00:01:13.939 --> 00:01:17.939 for he was the first child born to the apple of the Messenger of Allah’s eye, 00:01:17.939 --> 00:01:20.939 Fatimah, may Allah be pleased with her, 00:01:20.939 --> 00:01:23.939 and the first child from the Banu Hashim 00:01:23.939 --> 00:01:26.939 for his beloved, Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, 00:01:26.939 --> 00:01:29.939 the forerunner to Islam. 00:01:29.939 --> 00:01:33.939 He was the first grandson of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 00:01:33.939 --> 00:01:37.939 and his birth was marked by great celebration. 00:01:37.939 --> 00:01:41.200 Among the evidence for this: 00:01:41.200 --> 00:01:48.420 First, the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, reciting the adhan in his ear. 00:01:48.420 --> 00:01:51.420 It is narrated from Abu Rafi‘, may Allah be pleased with him, 00:01:51.420 --> 00:01:54.420 that the Prophet, peace be upon him, 00:01:54.420 --> 00:01:57.420 recited the adhan in the ear of Al-Hasan ibn Ali 00:01:57.420 --> 00:02:01.260 when Fatimah gave birth to him. 00:02:01.260 --> 00:02:06.260 Second, the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, performed the ‘aqiqah 00:02:06.260 --> 00:02:09.259 for Al-Hasan and Al-Husayn, may Allah be pleased with them both, 00:02:09.259 --> 00:02:12.259 by sacrificing two rams for each. 00:02:12.259 --> 00:02:17.509 Third, the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, commanded 00:02:17.509 --> 00:02:21.509 Fatimah, may Allah be pleased with her, to shave his head 00:02:21.509 --> 00:02:25.509 and to give the weight of his hair in silver as charity to the poor. 00:02:25.509 --> 00:02:29.860 It is narrated from Abu Rafi‘, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:02:29.860 --> 00:02:34.860 The Prophet, peace be upon him, said to Fatimah when she gave birth to Al-Hasan: 00:02:34.860 --> 00:02:41.860 "Shave his head and give the weight of his hair in silver as charity to the poor." 00:02:41.860 --> 00:02:48.180 Al-Hasan ibn Ali, may Allah be pleased with them both, was a unique personality, 00:02:48.180 --> 00:02:52.180 who embodied a great many virtuous qualities. 00:02:52.180 --> 00:02:54.180 This is no surprise, 00:02:54.180 --> 00:02:58.180 for the source from which he shone was of brilliant light, 00:02:58.180 --> 00:03:02.180 and the garden in which he grew and flourished 00:03:02.180 --> 00:03:05.180 was a garden of absolute purity. 00:03:05.180 --> 00:03:07.180 The hands that nurtured him 00:03:07.180 --> 00:03:11.180 are the standard of purity and righteousness. 00:03:11.180 --> 00:03:14.379 The environment that encompassed his years 00:03:14.379 --> 00:03:18.379 is the most righteous environment history has ever known. 00:03:18.379 --> 00:03:20.469 In the house of Prophethood, 00:03:20.469 --> 00:03:23.469 he began his early years with his grandfather, the Prophet, 00:03:23.469 --> 00:03:25.469 his pious father, 00:03:25.469 --> 00:03:28.469 and his righteous mother, Al-Zahra’. 00:03:28.469 --> 00:03:32.500 After the death of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 00:03:32.500 --> 00:03:35.500 and his noble mother, may Allah be pleased with her, 00:03:35.500 --> 00:03:39.500 his father took sole charge of his upbringing and guidance. 00:03:39.500 --> 00:03:43.500 Thus, he grew up to be one of the great figures of his time, 00:03:43.500 --> 00:03:49.500 one of those for whom history preserved models of generosity, forbearance, and piety. 00:03:50.539 --> 00:03:53.539 He spent his life, which exceeded four decades, 00:03:53.539 --> 00:03:56.539 between deeds of praise and words of wisdom, 00:03:56.539 --> 00:04:02.539 leaving behind for those who followed a volume of guidance and emulation. 00:04:11.460 --> 00:04:16.689 Whoever examines the hadith of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 00:04:16.689 --> 00:04:18.689 and his fragrant Seerah, 00:04:18.689 --> 00:04:24.689 will find that Al-Hasan and his brother Al-Husayn, may Allah be pleased with them both, hold a lofty status 00:04:24.689 --> 00:04:26.689 and possess many virtues, 00:04:26.689 --> 00:04:31.689 as attested to by the words of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 00:04:31.689 --> 00:04:33.689 and his treatment of them. 00:04:33.689 --> 00:04:38.689 The leading scholars of hadith have dedicated chapters to them in their books, 00:04:38.689 --> 00:04:41.689 under the sections of merits and virtues, 00:04:41.689 --> 00:04:46.689 such as the two Imams, Al-Bukhari and Muslim, may the mercy of Allah be upon them. 00:04:46.689 --> 00:04:48.689 Among these are: 00:04:48.689 --> 00:04:49.689 First: 00:04:49.689 --> 00:04:53.689 The care of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 00:04:53.689 --> 00:04:57.910 his mercy toward them, and his inability to be patient without them. 00:04:57.910 --> 00:05:01.910 It is narrated from Abu Buraydah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:05:01.910 --> 00:05:05.910 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, was delivering a sermon to us 00:05:05.910 --> 00:05:08.910 when Al-Hasan and Al-Husayn arrived, 00:05:08.910 --> 00:05:11.910 wearing two red shirts, 00:05:11.910 --> 00:05:13.910 walking and stumbling. 00:05:13.910 --> 00:05:17.980 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, descended from the pulpit, 00:05:17.980 --> 00:05:19.980 picked them up, 00:05:19.980 --> 00:05:21.980 and placed them before him. 00:05:21.980 --> 00:05:23.980 Then he said: 00:05:23.980 --> 00:05:25.980 "Allah has spoken the truth: 00:05:25.980 --> 00:05:29.980 'Your wealth and your children are but a trial.'" 00:05:29.980 --> 00:05:34.980 "I looked at these two boys walking and stumbling, 00:05:34.980 --> 00:05:39.980 and I could not restrain myself until I interrupted my sermon and picked them up." 00:05:39.980 --> 00:05:42.389 Second: 00:05:42.389 --> 00:05:45.389 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, designated them 00:05:45.389 --> 00:05:48.389 as his two sweet-smelling flowers of this world. 00:05:48.389 --> 00:05:51.389 It is narrated from Ibn Abi Nu‘m who said: 00:05:51.389 --> 00:05:53.389 I was a witness for Ibn ‘Umar 00:05:53.389 --> 00:05:56.389 when a man asked him about the blood of a mosquito. 00:05:56.389 --> 00:05:58.389 He said: 00:05:58.389 --> 00:06:00.389 "Where are you from?" 00:06:00.389 --> 00:06:01.389 He replied: 00:06:01.389 --> 00:06:03.389 "From the people of Iraq." 00:06:03.389 --> 00:06:04.420 He said: 00:06:04.420 --> 00:06:06.420 "Look at this man; 00:06:06.420 --> 00:06:09.420 he asks me about the blood of a mosquito, 00:06:09.420 --> 00:06:13.420 yet they killed the grandson of the Prophet, peace be upon him! 00:06:13.420 --> 00:06:18.420 I heard the Prophet, peace be upon him, say: 00:06:18.420 --> 00:06:21.420 'They are my two sweet-smelling flowers of this world.'" 00:06:21.420 --> 00:06:23.420 The meaning is 00:06:23.420 --> 00:06:27.420 that they are among the blessings Allah has honored and gifted me with, 00:06:27.420 --> 00:06:31.420 because children are smelled and kissed, 00:06:31.420 --> 00:06:35.420 so they are like flowers. 00:06:35.420 --> 00:06:37.649 Third: 00:06:37.649 --> 00:06:42.649 The great love of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, for Al-Hasan, 00:06:42.649 --> 00:06:45.649 and his supplication for him and for those who love him. 00:06:45.649 --> 00:06:49.970 It is narrated from Al-Bara’, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:06:49.970 --> 00:06:52.970 I saw the Prophet, peace be upon him, 00:06:52.970 --> 00:06:55.970 with Al-Hasan ibn Ali on his shoulder, 00:06:55.970 --> 00:06:57.970 saying: 00:06:57.970 --> 00:07:02.160 "O Allah, I love him, so love him." 00:07:02.160 --> 00:07:04.160 Fourth: 00:07:04.160 --> 00:07:07.160 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, made 00:07:07.160 --> 00:07:10.160 loving them a sign of true love for him, 00:07:10.160 --> 00:07:13.379 and hating them a sign of hating him. 00:07:13.379 --> 00:07:16.420 It is narrated from Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:07:16.420 --> 00:07:21.420 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, came out to us, 00:07:21.420 --> 00:07:24.420 and with him were Al-Hasan and Al-Husayn, 00:07:24.420 --> 00:07:26.420 one on his shoulder, 00:07:26.420 --> 00:07:28.420 and the other on his shoulder, 00:07:28.420 --> 00:07:31.420 and he was kissing this one at one moment, 00:07:31.420 --> 00:07:33.420 meaning he was kissing him, 00:07:33.420 --> 00:07:35.420 and that one at another. 00:07:36.420 --> 00:07:38.420 A man said to him: 00:07:38.420 --> 00:07:40.420 "O Messenger of Allah, 00:07:40.420 --> 00:07:42.420 you love them?" 00:07:42.420 --> 00:07:44.449 He replied: 00:07:44.449 --> 00:07:47.449 "Whoever loves them has loved me, 00:07:47.449 --> 00:07:51.449 and whoever hates them has hated me." 00:07:51.449 --> 00:07:53.769 Fifth: 00:07:53.769 --> 00:07:56.769 The glad tidings of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 00:07:56.769 --> 00:07:59.769 that Al-Hasan and Al-Husayn 00:07:59.769 --> 00:08:03.019 are the leaders of the youth of Paradise. 00:08:03.019 --> 00:08:07.019 It is narrated from Abu Sa‘id Al-Khudri, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:08:07.019 --> 00:08:11.019 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: 00:08:11.019 --> 00:08:13.019 "Al-Hasan and Al-Husayn 00:08:13.019 --> 00:08:16.019 are the leaders of the youth of Paradise." 00:08:16.019 --> 00:08:20.920 A fragrant Seerah and a radiant life. 00:08:20.920 --> 00:08:23.269 Abu Muhammad, 00:08:23.269 --> 00:08:28.269 Al-Hasan ibn Ali ibn Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with them both, 00:08:28.269 --> 00:08:33.269 the grandson of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, and his sweet-smelling flower. 00:08:33.269 --> 00:08:37.340 He was a beacon of intelligence and virtue, 00:08:37.340 --> 00:08:42.340 a bright full moon in the sky of forbearance and nobility, 00:08:42.340 --> 00:08:47.340 and a towering figure in the horizons of righteousness and justice. 00:08:47.340 --> 00:08:50.429 Allah bestowed upon him the honor of lineage, 00:08:50.429 --> 00:08:52.429 the beauty of character and appearance, 00:08:52.429 --> 00:08:55.429 and the favor of acceptance among the people. 00:08:55.429 --> 00:09:01.429 Allah granted him many of the blessings and bounties of this world. 00:09:01.429 --> 00:09:04.529 Al-Hasan, may Allah be pleased with him, was honored 00:09:04.529 --> 00:09:08.529 by the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, naming him, 00:09:08.529 --> 00:09:11.529 as some scholars have mentioned. 00:09:11.529 --> 00:09:14.690 Abu Ahmad Al-‘Askari said: 00:09:14.690 --> 00:09:18.690 The Prophet, peace be upon him, named him Al-Hasan, 00:09:18.690 --> 00:09:21.690 and gave him the kunya Abu Muhammad, 00:09:21.690 --> 00:09:25.690 and this name was not known in the pre-Islamic era. 00:09:25.690 --> 00:09:27.850 He, may Allah be pleased with him, was 00:09:27.850 --> 00:09:31.850 the person most resembling the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him. 00:09:31.850 --> 00:09:35.879 Whoever saw the Messenger of Allah, 00:09:35.879 --> 00:09:37.879 remembered the Messenger of Allah, 00:09:37.879 --> 00:09:41.879 and whoever had not seen the Prophet of Allah but saw Al-Hasan, 00:09:41.879 --> 00:09:44.879 recognized his likeness in him. 00:09:44.879 --> 00:09:49.009 It is narrated from Anas ibn Malik, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:09:49.009 --> 00:09:55.009 "No one was more like the Messenger of Allah than Al-Hasan ibn Ali." 00:09:55.009 --> 00:09:59.139 Due to his closeness to the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 00:09:59.139 --> 00:10:03.139 and his sweet qualities and noble characteristics, 00:10:03.139 --> 00:10:06.139 he attained the love of the Companions, may Allah be pleased with them, 00:10:06.139 --> 00:10:09.139 and their honor and reverence. 00:10:09.139 --> 00:10:13.230 It is narrated from ‘Uqbah ibn Al-Harith, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:10:13.230 --> 00:10:17.230 Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, prayed ‘Asr, 00:10:17.230 --> 00:10:19.230 then went out walking, 00:10:19.230 --> 00:10:22.230 and saw Al-Hasan playing with the children. 00:10:23.230 --> 00:10:26.230 He carried him on his shoulder and said: 00:10:26.230 --> 00:10:29.230 "May my father be sacrificed for him; he resembles the Prophet, 00:10:29.230 --> 00:10:32.230 he does not resemble ‘Ali." 00:10:32.230 --> 00:10:35.230 And ‘Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, was laughing. 00:10:35.230 --> 00:10:39.389 Even if the virtues of Abu Muhammad, may Allah be pleased with him, are numerous, 00:10:39.389 --> 00:10:46.389 we must not forget the virtue foretold by the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 00:10:46.389 --> 00:10:48.389 which came to pass just as he had predicted: 00:10:48.389 --> 00:10:55.389 his leadership, through which Allah brought reconciliation between two great factions of the Muslims. 00:10:55.389 --> 00:10:59.809 It is narrated from Abu Bakrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:10:59.809 --> 00:11:03.809 I heard the Prophet, peace be upon him, on the pulpit, 00:11:03.809 --> 00:11:06.809 with Al-Hasan at his side, 00:11:06.809 --> 00:11:10.809 looking at the people one moment and at him the next, 00:11:10.809 --> 00:11:11.809 and saying: 00:11:11.809 --> 00:11:14.809 "This son of mine is a leader, 00:11:14.809 --> 00:11:19.809 and perhaps Allah will use him to reconcile two factions of the Muslims." 00:11:19.809 --> 00:11:25.159 Al-Hasan, may Allah be pleased with him, assumed the leadership of the believers 00:11:25.159 --> 00:11:29.159 after the martyrdom of his father, may Allah be pleased with them both. 00:11:29.159 --> 00:11:34.159 His caliphate, which lasted six months and some days, completed 00:11:34.159 --> 00:11:37.159 the thirty years of the Prophetic caliphate. 00:11:37.159 --> 00:11:44.320 Those months were the first time of uniting the word and sparing the blood of the Muslims, 00:11:44.320 --> 00:11:47.320 for he strove for reconciliation between the Muslims, 00:11:47.320 --> 00:11:52.320 and preferred the Hereafter over the kingdom of this world and its adornments. 00:11:52.320 --> 00:11:55.350 And he uttered his famous statement 00:11:55.350 --> 00:12:00.350 when he saw the two massive armies clad in iron like mountains: 00:12:00.350 --> 00:12:06.379 "Should I pit these people against one another for the sake of a worldly kingdom? 00:12:06.379 --> 00:12:09.379 I have no need for it." 00:12:09.379 --> 00:12:11.639 Ibn Kathir said: 00:12:11.639 --> 00:12:15.639 "Al-Hasan passed away at the age of forty-seven." 00:12:15.639 --> 00:12:19.639 Multiple scholars stated this as well, and it is the most authentic view. 00:12:19.639 --> 00:12:25.639 The most widely known opinion is that he died in the year 49 AH, as we have mentioned. 00:12:25.639 --> 00:12:29.639 Others said he died in the year 50 AH, 00:12:29.639 --> 00:12:35.639 while it was also said in the year 51 or 58 AH. 00:12:35.639 --> 00:12:39.820 In this event, there are profound lessons: 00:12:39.820 --> 00:12:48.820 First, it demonstrates the immense love of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, for al-Hasan, may Allah be pleased with him. 00:12:48.820 --> 00:12:54.889 Second, out of a father's love for his daughter, he naturally loves her children. 00:12:54.889 --> 00:13:02.210 Third, it shows the great honor the Companions, may Allah be pleased with them, accorded to the Prophet's grandson, Abu Muhammad. 00:13:02.210 --> 00:13:08.970 Ramadan is a month of events and lessons.