1 00:00:00,180 --> 00:00:08,859 A summary of the concepts held by the Ahl al-Sunnah. 2 00:00:08,859 --> 00:00:12,140 The Mu'tazila. 3 00:00:12,140 --> 00:00:14,140 The origin of the Mu'tazila. 4 00:00:14,140 --> 00:00:16,140 It traces back to Wasil Ibn 'Ata'. 5 00:00:16,140 --> 00:00:21,140 Who differed with Imam al-Hasan al-Basri, may Allah have mercy on him, regarding the one who commits a major sin. 6 00:00:21,140 --> 00:00:23,140 For al-Hasan stated regarding him: 7 00:00:23,140 --> 00:00:25,140 He is a believer by virtue of his faith, 8 00:00:25,140 --> 00:00:27,140 but a transgressor (fasiq) by virtue of his major sin. 9 00:00:27,140 --> 00:00:30,140 That is the position of the Ahl al-Sunnah. 10 00:00:30,140 --> 00:00:32,140 Wasil then said: 11 00:00:32,140 --> 00:00:35,140 He is in a position between the two positions. 12 00:00:35,140 --> 00:00:38,140 Neither a believer nor a disbeliever. 13 00:00:38,140 --> 00:00:40,140 Consequently, it followed that 14 00:00:40,140 --> 00:00:42,140 Wasil Ibn 'Ata' withdrew, 15 00:00:42,140 --> 00:00:44,140 along with some who agreed with his view, 16 00:00:44,140 --> 00:00:46,140 from the circle of al-Hasan al-Basri. 17 00:00:46,140 --> 00:00:49,140 Thus, they were named the Mu'tazila (the Withdrawers). 18 00:00:49,140 --> 00:00:52,210 Their ideas then developed and branched out. 19 00:00:52,210 --> 00:00:54,210 They were joined by the Jahmiyyah, 20 00:00:54,210 --> 00:00:56,210 and they adopted the doctrine of the Qadariyyah, 21 00:00:56,210 --> 00:00:58,210 who deny the divine decree (qadar), 22 00:00:58,210 --> 00:01:02,210 and Allah’s foreknowledge of events before they occur. 23 00:01:02,210 --> 00:01:06,209 They also deny that Allah created evil or willed it. 24 00:01:06,209 --> 00:01:11,209 They do not distinguish between the legislative will and the universal will. 25 00:01:11,209 --> 00:01:15,209 Their innovation eventually settled upon five principles. 26 00:01:15,209 --> 00:01:17,209 First: Justice. 27 00:01:17,209 --> 00:01:22,209 By this, they mean denying that Allah ordains or creates the actions of His servants. 28 00:01:22,209 --> 00:01:25,209 Rather, they claim that servants create their own actions. 29 00:01:25,209 --> 00:01:27,239 Second: 30 00:01:27,239 --> 00:01:29,239 Monotheism (Tawhid). 31 00:01:29,239 --> 00:01:33,239 Its reality, according to them, is the negation of attributes from Allah, 32 00:01:33,239 --> 00:01:37,370 under the pretext of declaring Him, the Almighty and Majestic, free from resembling His creation. 33 00:01:37,370 --> 00:01:39,370 Third: 34 00:01:39,370 --> 00:01:41,370 The position between the two positions. 35 00:01:41,370 --> 00:01:45,530 This is the foundational innovation of the Mu'tazila, as previously mentioned. 36 00:01:45,530 --> 00:01:47,530 Fourth: 37 00:01:47,530 --> 00:01:49,530 The Promise and the Threat. 38 00:01:49,530 --> 00:01:51,530 Its meaning, according to them, is 39 00:01:51,530 --> 00:01:53,530 that it is incumbent upon Allah, the Exalted, 40 00:01:53,530 --> 00:01:56,530 just as He made it incumbent upon Himself, to fulfill His promise. 41 00:01:56,530 --> 00:02:02,530 Thus, they consign the one who commits a major sin to eternal fire, just as the Khawarij say, 42 00:02:02,530 --> 00:02:07,530 although they place him in a level of the Fire lighter than that of the disbeliever. 43 00:02:07,530 --> 00:02:09,530 Fifth: 44 00:02:09,530 --> 00:02:12,530 Enjoining good and forbidding evil. 45 00:02:12,530 --> 00:02:14,530 Its reality, according to them, is 46 00:02:14,530 --> 00:02:17,530 rebelling with the sword against unjust leaders, 47 00:02:17,530 --> 00:02:22,530 and breaking away from the community of Muslims who have gathered under them. 48 00:02:22,530 --> 00:02:29,530 They rebel against the ruler simply for committing any type of sin or injustice. 49 00:02:29,530 --> 00:02:34,939 When the leaders of the salaf confronted the Mu'tazila with the proofs of the Qur'an and Sunnah, 50 00:02:34,939 --> 00:02:37,939 which refute their false principles, 51 00:02:37,939 --> 00:02:40,939 and demolish their flimsy arguments, 52 00:02:40,939 --> 00:02:45,939 they resorted to another innovation which they made one of their principles of deduction: 53 00:02:45,939 --> 00:02:48,939 the innovation of prioritizing reason over revelation. 54 00:02:49,939 --> 00:02:55,939 They interpret the texts of the Qur'an and Sunnah if they contradict what their corrupt reasoning dictates. 55 00:02:55,939 --> 00:02:57,939 They also rejected solitary hadiths (ahad) 56 00:02:57,939 --> 00:03:02,039 that contradict their theological principles. 57 00:03:02,039 --> 00:03:07,039 Today, the Mu'tazila are joined in their sanctification of reason and prioritizing it over the text 58 00:03:07,039 --> 00:03:10,039 by a fringe group of outcasts 59 00:03:10,039 --> 00:03:13,039 who call themselves "Modernists," 60 00:03:13,039 --> 00:03:15,039 or "Rationalists," 61 00:03:15,039 --> 00:03:17,039 or "Enlightenment thinkers." 62 00:03:17,039 --> 00:03:22,039 They label the Mu'tazila as the "Enlightened Rationalist School." 63 00:03:22,039 --> 00:03:28,039 In doing so, they have served the secularists in their efforts to abandon the beliefs and rulings of the religion.