WEBVTT 00:00:00.180 --> 00:00:08.859 A summary of the concepts held by the Ahl al-Sunnah. 00:00:08.859 --> 00:00:12.140 The Mu'tazila. 00:00:12.140 --> 00:00:14.140 The origin of the Mu'tazila. 00:00:14.140 --> 00:00:16.140 It traces back to Wasil Ibn 'Ata'. 00:00:16.140 --> 00:00:21.140 Who differed with Imam al-Hasan al-Basri, may Allah have mercy on him, regarding the one who commits a major sin. 00:00:21.140 --> 00:00:23.140 For al-Hasan stated regarding him: 00:00:23.140 --> 00:00:25.140 He is a believer by virtue of his faith, 00:00:25.140 --> 00:00:27.140 but a transgressor (fasiq) by virtue of his major sin. 00:00:27.140 --> 00:00:30.140 That is the position of the Ahl al-Sunnah. 00:00:30.140 --> 00:00:32.140 Wasil then said: 00:00:32.140 --> 00:00:35.140 He is in a position between the two positions. 00:00:35.140 --> 00:00:38.140 Neither a believer nor a disbeliever. 00:00:38.140 --> 00:00:40.140 Consequently, it followed that 00:00:40.140 --> 00:00:42.140 Wasil Ibn 'Ata' withdrew, 00:00:42.140 --> 00:00:44.140 along with some who agreed with his view, 00:00:44.140 --> 00:00:46.140 from the circle of al-Hasan al-Basri. 00:00:46.140 --> 00:00:49.140 Thus, they were named the Mu'tazila (the Withdrawers). 00:00:49.140 --> 00:00:52.210 Their ideas then developed and branched out. 00:00:52.210 --> 00:00:54.210 They were joined by the Jahmiyyah, 00:00:54.210 --> 00:00:56.210 and they adopted the doctrine of the Qadariyyah, 00:00:56.210 --> 00:00:58.210 who deny the divine decree (qadar), 00:00:58.210 --> 00:01:02.210 and Allah’s foreknowledge of events before they occur. 00:01:02.210 --> 00:01:06.209 They also deny that Allah created evil or willed it. 00:01:06.209 --> 00:01:11.209 They do not distinguish between the legislative will and the universal will. 00:01:11.209 --> 00:01:15.209 Their innovation eventually settled upon five principles. 00:01:15.209 --> 00:01:17.209 First: Justice. 00:01:17.209 --> 00:01:22.209 By this, they mean denying that Allah ordains or creates the actions of His servants. 00:01:22.209 --> 00:01:25.209 Rather, they claim that servants create their own actions. 00:01:25.209 --> 00:01:27.239 Second: 00:01:27.239 --> 00:01:29.239 Monotheism (Tawhid). 00:01:29.239 --> 00:01:33.239 Its reality, according to them, is the negation of attributes from Allah, 00:01:33.239 --> 00:01:37.370 under the pretext of declaring Him, the Almighty and Majestic, free from resembling His creation. 00:01:37.370 --> 00:01:39.370 Third: 00:01:39.370 --> 00:01:41.370 The position between the two positions. 00:01:41.370 --> 00:01:45.530 This is the foundational innovation of the Mu'tazila, as previously mentioned. 00:01:45.530 --> 00:01:47.530 Fourth: 00:01:47.530 --> 00:01:49.530 The Promise and the Threat. 00:01:49.530 --> 00:01:51.530 Its meaning, according to them, is 00:01:51.530 --> 00:01:53.530 that it is incumbent upon Allah, the Exalted, 00:01:53.530 --> 00:01:56.530 just as He made it incumbent upon Himself, to fulfill His promise. 00:01:56.530 --> 00:02:02.530 Thus, they consign the one who commits a major sin to eternal fire, just as the Khawarij say, 00:02:02.530 --> 00:02:07.530 although they place him in a level of the Fire lighter than that of the disbeliever. 00:02:07.530 --> 00:02:09.530 Fifth: 00:02:09.530 --> 00:02:12.530 Enjoining good and forbidding evil. 00:02:12.530 --> 00:02:14.530 Its reality, according to them, is 00:02:14.530 --> 00:02:17.530 rebelling with the sword against unjust leaders, 00:02:17.530 --> 00:02:22.530 and breaking away from the community of Muslims who have gathered under them. 00:02:22.530 --> 00:02:29.530 They rebel against the ruler simply for committing any type of sin or injustice. 00:02:29.530 --> 00:02:34.939 When the leaders of the salaf confronted the Mu'tazila with the proofs of the Qur'an and Sunnah, 00:02:34.939 --> 00:02:37.939 which refute their false principles, 00:02:37.939 --> 00:02:40.939 and demolish their flimsy arguments, 00:02:40.939 --> 00:02:45.939 they resorted to another innovation which they made one of their principles of deduction: 00:02:45.939 --> 00:02:48.939 the innovation of prioritizing reason over revelation. 00:02:49.939 --> 00:02:55.939 They interpret the texts of the Qur'an and Sunnah if they contradict what their corrupt reasoning dictates. 00:02:55.939 --> 00:02:57.939 They also rejected solitary hadiths (ahad) 00:02:57.939 --> 00:03:02.039 that contradict their theological principles. 00:03:02.039 --> 00:03:07.039 Today, the Mu'tazila are joined in their sanctification of reason and prioritizing it over the text 00:03:07.039 --> 00:03:10.039 by a fringe group of outcasts 00:03:10.039 --> 00:03:13.039 who call themselves "Modernists," 00:03:13.039 --> 00:03:15.039 or "Rationalists," 00:03:15.039 --> 00:03:17.039 or "Enlightenment thinkers." 00:03:17.039 --> 00:03:22.039 They label the Mu'tazila as the "Enlightened Rationalist School." 00:03:22.039 --> 00:03:28.039 In doing so, they have served the secularists in their efforts to abandon the beliefs and rulings of the religion.