WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.200 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:05.160 --> 00:00:08.080 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari. 00:00:08.580 --> 00:00:12.740 Abridged by Dr. Aqil ibn Salim al-Shamr. 00:00:14.070 --> 00:00:16.149 Surah Fatir. 00:00:18.160 --> 00:00:21.559 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:21.879 --> 00:00:26.480 “Praise be to Allah, the Creator of the heavens and the earth, Who appointeth the angels messengers having wings two, three and four. He multiplieth in creation what He will. Lo! Allah is Able to do all things.” (35:1) 00:00:26.480 --> 00:00:30.559 Who makes the angels messengers. 00:00:31.000 --> 00:00:35.159 Who appoints the angels as messengers. 00:00:35.159 --> 00:00:38.359 Possessing wings in twos. 00:00:38.359 --> 00:00:41.950 And threes and fours. 00:00:42.229 --> 00:00:45.390 “Praise be to Allah, the Creator of the heavens and the earth, Who appointeth the angels messengers having wings two, three and four. He multiplieth in creation what He will. Lo! Allah is Able to do all things.” (35:1) 00:00:45.789 --> 00:00:52.310 Indeed, Allah is capable of all things. 00:00:54.270 --> 00:00:56.390 Perfect gratitude belongs to the Worshipped One. 00:00:56.390 --> 00:00:59.149 To Whom alone worship is due. 00:00:59.670 --> 00:01:02.189 The Creator of the seven heavens and the earth. 00:01:02.670 --> 00:01:04.870 Who appoints the angels as messengers. 00:01:04.870 --> 00:01:06.989 To whomever He wills among His servants. 00:01:07.349 --> 00:01:08.790 They possess wings. 00:01:09.310 --> 00:01:11.989 Some have two wings. 00:01:12.430 --> 00:01:15.030 Others have three wings. 00:01:15.390 --> 00:01:17.430 And others have four. 00:01:17.989 --> 00:01:21.150 He increases the number of wings in the creation of these angels. 00:01:21.150 --> 00:01:22.950 As He wills over others. 00:01:23.430 --> 00:01:26.230 And He decreases them as He pleases. 00:01:26.870 --> 00:01:29.109 And likewise in all of His creation. 00:01:29.469 --> 00:01:31.069 He increases what He wills. 00:01:31.230 --> 00:01:32.790 And He decreases what He wills. 00:01:33.430 --> 00:01:36.549 Indeed, Allah is capable of increasing what He wills. 00:01:36.549 --> 00:01:38.109 And decreasing what He wills. 00:01:38.750 --> 00:01:41.909 Nothing He intends to do is impossible for Him. 00:01:43.459 --> 00:01:48.500 “That which Allah openeth unto mankind of mercy none can withhold it; and that which He withholdeth none can release thereafter. He is the Mighty, the Wise.” (35:2) 00:01:49.299 --> 00:01:51.540 Then there is none to withhold it. 00:01:52.060 --> 00:01:57.540 “That which Allah openeth unto mankind of mercy none can withhold it; and that which He withholdeth none can release thereafter. He is the Mighty, the Wise.” (35:2) 00:01:58.019 --> 00:02:01.140 And He is the All-Mighty, the All-Wise. 00:02:02.969 --> 00:02:06.849 Whatever mercy Allah opens for the people, none can withhold. 00:02:07.450 --> 00:02:10.250 And likewise, whatever mercy He withholds from them. 00:02:10.250 --> 00:02:12.129 None can release it besides Him. 00:02:12.849 --> 00:02:16.210 And He is the All-Mighty in His retribution against those from whom He takes vengeance. 00:02:16.729 --> 00:02:18.969 The All-Wise in the management of His creation. 00:02:20.900 --> 00:02:23.340 O mankind! 00:02:23.340 --> 00:02:26.860 Remember the favor of Allah upon you. 00:02:27.419 --> 00:02:30.379 “O mankind! Remember Allah's grace toward you! Is there any creator other than Allah who provideth for you from the sky and the earth? There is no Allah save Him. Whither then are ye turned?” (35:3) 00:02:30.379 --> 00:02:37.020 He provides for you from the heaven and the earth. 00:02:37.729 --> 00:02:40.689 There is no deity except Him. 00:02:41.169 --> 00:02:44.650 So how are you deluded? 00:02:46.500 --> 00:02:47.659 O mankind! 00:02:47.659 --> 00:02:50.900 Remember the favor of Allah that He has bestowed upon you. 00:02:51.300 --> 00:02:54.340 By the blessings He has opened for you. 00:02:55.129 --> 00:02:55.849 So consider: 00:02:56.330 --> 00:02:59.770 Is there any creator other than the Originator of the heavens and the earth? 00:02:59.770 --> 00:03:02.169 Who provides for you from the heaven and the earth? 00:03:02.409 --> 00:03:03.930 So that you would worship others instead of Him? 00:03:04.650 --> 00:03:07.169 There is no deity worthy of worship. 00:03:07.169 --> 00:03:09.930 Except the One who originated the heavens and the earth. 00:03:10.530 --> 00:03:13.610 So to what end are you turned away from your Creator and Provider? 00:03:13.610 --> 00:03:17.449 The One in whose hand is your benefit and your harm. 00:03:19.060 --> 00:03:26.719 “And if they deny thee, (O Muhammad), messengers (of Allah) were denied before thee. Unto Allah all things are brought back.” (35:4) 00:03:27.120 --> 00:03:30.360 And to Allah all matters return. 00:03:31.669 --> 00:03:35.229 And if these polytheists deny you, O Muhammad, peace be upon him. 00:03:35.629 --> 00:03:37.469 Then let not that grieve you. 00:03:37.990 --> 00:03:42.270 For that was the way of those before them among the nations who disbelieved in Allah. 00:03:42.789 --> 00:03:45.469 And to Allah is the return of your affair and their affair. 00:03:45.830 --> 00:03:47.949 So He will inflict punishment upon them. 00:03:47.949 --> 00:03:51.430 Because they did not turn to our obedience in following you. 00:03:53.500 --> 00:03:56.419 O mankind! 00:03:56.419 --> 00:04:00.539 Indeed, the promise of Allah is truth. 00:04:00.979 --> 00:04:05.780 So let not the worldly life deceive you. 00:04:05.780 --> 00:04:11.569 And let not the Deceiver deceive you concerning Allah. 00:04:13.210 --> 00:04:14.689 O mankind! 00:04:15.129 --> 00:04:17.610 Indeed, the promise of Allah to you regarding His might. 00:04:17.610 --> 00:04:19.810 Upon your persistence in disbelief in Him. 00:04:20.170 --> 00:04:22.410 Is true, so be certain of that. 00:04:23.009 --> 00:04:27.449 Let not the life you live in this world deceive you. 00:04:27.810 --> 00:04:32.209 Nor the status by which you lord over your weak ones. 00:04:32.209 --> 00:04:33.930 Keep you from following Muhammad. 00:04:34.449 --> 00:04:37.250 And let not the devil deceive you concerning Allah. 00:04:37.649 --> 00:04:39.410 By giving you false hopes. 00:04:39.769 --> 00:04:43.250 And inciting you to persist in your disbelief in Allah. 00:04:45.459 --> 00:04:52.699 “Lo! the devil is an enemy for you, so treat him as an enemy. He only summoneth his faction to be owners of the flaming Fire.” (35:6) 00:04:53.139 --> 00:05:00.220 “Lo! the devil is an enemy for you, so treat him as an enemy. He only summoneth his faction to be owners of the flaming Fire.” (35:6) 00:05:01.699 --> 00:05:06.500 Indeed, the devil—whom I have forbidden you, O mankind, from being deceived by his deception— 00:05:06.939 --> 00:05:07.980 Is an enemy to you. 00:05:08.540 --> 00:05:12.339 So treat him as an enemy. 00:05:12.899 --> 00:05:18.620 For he only calls his followers and those who obey him to his obedience and acceptance of him. 00:05:19.100 --> 00:05:22.420 So that they may be among the dwellers of the Hellfire. 00:05:22.660 --> 00:05:25.300 Which blazes upon its inhabitants. 00:05:26.569 --> 00:05:31.889 “Those who disbelieve, theirs will be an awful doom; and those who believe and do good works, theirs will be forgiveness and a great reward.” (35:7) 00:05:32.410 --> 00:05:42.810 “Those who disbelieve, theirs will be an awful doom; and those who believe and do good works, theirs will be forgiveness and a great reward.” (35:7) 00:05:44.269 --> 00:05:46.709 Those who disbelieve in Allah and His Messenger. 00:05:46.990 --> 00:05:49.350 For them is a severe punishment from Allah. 00:05:49.670 --> 00:05:51.389 And that is the punishment of the Fire. 00:05:52.029 --> 00:05:54.389 And those who believe in Allah and His Messenger. 00:05:54.870 --> 00:05:59.230 For them is forgiveness from Allah for their sins and a great reward. 00:05:59.550 --> 00:06:00.910 And that is Paradise. 00:06:02.540 --> 00:06:09.860 “Is he, the evil of whose deeds is made fairseeming unto him so that he deemeth it good, (other than Satan's dupe)? Allah verily sendeth whom He will astray, and guideth whom He will; so let not thy soul expire in sighings for them. Lo! Allah is Aware of what they do!” (35:8) 00:06:10.379 --> 00:06:19.420 “Is he, the evil of whose deeds is made fairseeming unto him so that he deemeth it good, (other than Satan's dupe)? Allah verily sendeth whom He will astray, and guideth whom He will; so let not thy soul expire in sighings for them. Lo! Allah is Aware of what they do!” (35:8) 00:06:20.040 --> 00:06:25.079 “Is he, the evil of whose deeds is made fairseeming unto him so that he deemeth it good, (other than Satan's dupe)? Allah verily sendeth whom He will astray, and guideth whom He will; so let not thy soul expire in sighings for them. Lo! Allah is Aware of what they do!” (35:8) 00:06:25.639 --> 00:06:32.079 “Is he, the evil of whose deeds is made fairseeming unto him so that he deemeth it good, (other than Satan's dupe)? Allah verily sendeth whom He will astray, and guideth whom He will; so let not thy soul expire in sighings for them. Lo! Allah is Aware of what they do!” (35:8) 00:06:33.699 --> 00:06:39.060 Is he to whom the evil of his deeds—his acts of disobedience to Allah and disbelief in Him—has been made attractive by the devil? 00:06:39.540 --> 00:06:40.779 So he sees it as good. 00:06:41.379 --> 00:06:43.699 And considers that evil as something good. 00:06:44.100 --> 00:06:46.500 Because the devil has beautified it for him. 00:06:47.180 --> 00:06:50.339 For Allah leads astray whom He wills from faith. 00:06:50.860 --> 00:06:53.620 And grants success to whom He wills to believe in Him. 00:06:54.220 --> 00:07:00.100 So do not destroy yourself with grief over their misguidance, their disbelief in Allah, and their denial of you. 00:07:00.819 --> 00:07:04.740 Indeed, Allah, O Muhammad, is All-Knowing of what they do. 00:07:05.220 --> 00:07:09.500 And He is recording it against them and will recompense them for it. 00:07:11.050 --> 00:07:16.370 “And Allah it is Who sendeth the winds and they raise a cloud; then We lead it unto a dead land and revive therewith the earth after its death. Such is the Resurrection.” (35:9) 00:07:16.410 --> 00:07:20.009 “And Allah it is Who sendeth the winds and they raise a cloud; then We lead it unto a dead land and revive therewith the earth after its death. Such is the Resurrection.” (35:9) 00:07:20.569 --> 00:07:24.170 “And Allah it is Who sendeth the winds and they raise a cloud; then We lead it unto a dead land and revive therewith the earth after its death. Such is the Resurrection.” (35:9) 00:07:24.970 --> 00:07:29.170 “And Allah it is Who sendeth the winds and they raise a cloud; then We lead it unto a dead land and revive therewith the earth after its death. Such is the Resurrection.” (35:9) 00:07:29.730 --> 00:07:33.610 Such is the resurrection. 00:07:35.259 --> 00:07:40.019 And it is Allah who sends the winds, and they stir up the clouds for life and rain. 00:07:40.660 --> 00:07:42.980 Then We drive it to a dead land. 00:07:43.620 --> 00:07:48.339 And We bring the land to life with the rain from those clouds to which We drove it. 00:07:48.980 --> 00:07:53.420 Thus does Allah resurrect the dead after their trial in their graves. 00:07:53.939 --> 00:07:55.939 He brings them to life after their decay. 00:07:56.500 --> 00:08:00.500 Just as We brought this land to life with rain after its death. 00:08:02.379 --> 00:08:09.100 “Whoso desireth power (should know that) all power belongeth to Allah. Unto Him good words ascend, and the pious deed doth He exalt; but those who plot iniquities, theirs will be an awful doom; and the plotting of such (folk) will come to naught.” (35:10) 00:08:09.660 --> 00:08:15.779 “Whoso desireth power (should know that) all power belongeth to Allah. Unto Him good words ascend, and the pious deed doth He exalt; but those who plot iniquities, theirs will be an awful doom; and the plotting of such (folk) will come to naught.” (35:10) 00:08:16.339 --> 00:08:23.339 “Whoso desireth power (should know that) all power belongeth to Allah. Unto Him good words ascend, and the pious deed doth He exalt; but those who plot iniquities, theirs will be an awful doom; and the plotting of such (folk) will come to naught.” (35:10) 00:08:23.860 --> 00:08:29.379 “Whoso desireth power (should know that) all power belongeth to Allah. Unto Him good words ascend, and the pious deed doth He exalt; but those who plot iniquities, theirs will be an awful doom; and the plotting of such (folk) will come to naught.” (35:10) 00:08:31.089 --> 00:08:35.370 Whoever desires honor, then let him seek honor with Allah. 00:08:35.889 --> 00:08:38.009 For all honor belongs to Allah. 00:08:38.490 --> 00:08:42.009 Above all else that is worshipped besides Him, such as idols and false gods. 00:08:42.570 --> 00:08:44.769 To Allah ascends the remembrance of the servant. 00:08:45.210 --> 00:08:49.049 And the servant’s good deeds raise his remembrance to his Lord. 00:08:49.529 --> 00:08:51.289 Which is the act of obeying Him. 00:08:52.009 --> 00:08:55.970 And those who earn evil deeds will have the punishment of Hell. 00:08:56.490 --> 00:09:00.049 And the deeds of these polytheists are rendered void and vanish. 00:09:00.450 --> 00:09:04.610 Because they were not for the sake of Allah, so they did not benefit the one who performed them. 00:09:13.450 --> 00:09:15.450 Then from a drop of fluid. 00:09:16.049 --> 00:09:20.049 Then from a drop of fluid. 00:09:20.049 --> 00:09:24.450 Then He made you pairs. 00:09:24.970 --> 00:09:27.809 And no female conceives. 00:09:27.809 --> 00:09:30.610 Nor does she give birth except with His knowledge. 00:09:31.129 --> 00:09:35.730 “Allah created you from dust, then from a little fluid, then He made you pairs (the male and female). No female beareth or bringeth forth save with His knowledge. And no-one groweth old who groweth old, nor is aught lessened of his life, but it is recorded in a Book, Lo! that is easy for Allah.” (35:11) 00:09:35.730 --> 00:09:41.889 “Allah created you from dust, then from a little fluid, then He made you pairs (the male and female). No female beareth or bringeth forth save with His knowledge. And no-one groweth old who groweth old, nor is aught lessened of his life, but it is recorded in a Book, Lo! that is easy for Allah.” (35:11) 00:09:42.370 --> 00:09:48.009 Indeed, that is easy for Allah. 00:09:49.620 --> 00:09:52.700 And Allah created you, O mankind, from dust. 00:09:53.340 --> 00:09:55.980 He created your father, Adam, peace be upon him, from dust. 00:09:56.460 --> 00:09:59.659 Then He created you from the fluid of the man and the woman. 00:10:00.259 --> 00:10:02.620 Then He joined the female with the male. 00:10:03.299 --> 00:10:08.059 And no female among you, O mankind, conceives—neither a pregnancy nor a drop of fluid. 00:10:08.580 --> 00:10:12.379 But He is aware of her pregnancy and her delivery. 00:10:12.700 --> 00:10:18.419 Whether it is male or female; nothing of that is hidden from Him. 00:10:19.220 --> 00:10:22.580 And no long-lived person is granted a long life. 00:10:23.019 --> 00:10:28.019 Nor is anything cut from the life of another, but it is in a record, written. 00:10:28.580 --> 00:10:32.539 He has counted all of that and known it before He created it. 00:10:33.139 --> 00:10:36.820 Indeed, counting the lifespans of His creation is easy for Him. 00:10:38.580 --> 00:10:47.019 “And the two seas are not alike: this, fresh, sweet, good to drink, this (other) bitter, salt. And from them both ye eat fresh meat and derive the ornament that ye wear. And thou seest the ship cleaving them with its prow that ye may seek of His bounty, and that haply ye may give thanks.” (35:12) 00:10:47.500 --> 00:10:54.980 “And the two seas are not alike: this, fresh, sweet, good to drink, this (other) bitter, salt. And from them both ye eat fresh meat and derive the ornament that ye wear. And thou seest the ship cleaving them with its prow that ye may seek of His bounty, and that haply ye may give thanks.” (35:12) 00:10:55.500 --> 00:11:06.700 “And the two seas are not alike: this, fresh, sweet, good to drink, this (other) bitter, salt. And from them both ye eat fresh meat and derive the ornament that ye wear. And thou seest the ship cleaving them with its prow that ye may seek of His bounty, and that haply ye may give thanks.” (35:12) 00:11:07.179 --> 00:11:15.340 “And the two seas are not alike: this, fresh, sweet, good to drink, this (other) bitter, salt. And from them both ye eat fresh meat and derive the ornament that ye wear. And thou seest the ship cleaving them with its prow that ye may seek of His bounty, and that haply ye may give thanks.” (35:12) 00:11:16.950 --> 00:11:19.789 And the two seas are not alike. 00:11:20.309 --> 00:11:24.070 One is fresh and sweet, which is the sweetest of the sweet. 00:11:24.710 --> 00:11:26.429 And this one is salty and bitter. 00:11:27.029 --> 00:11:30.389 And from every sea you eat tender meat. 00:11:30.870 --> 00:11:32.110 And that is fish. 00:11:32.789 --> 00:11:35.710 And you extract ornaments which you wear. 00:11:36.149 --> 00:11:38.190 Which are pearls and coral. 00:11:38.950 --> 00:11:43.629 And you see the ships in all those seas, cleaving the water with their hulls. 00:11:44.110 --> 00:11:47.149 That you may seek your livelihood and your trade. 00:11:47.710 --> 00:11:51.149 And that you may be grateful to Allah for subjecting that to you. 00:11:52.580 --> 00:11:58.940 He causes the night to enter the day and causes the day to enter the night. 00:11:58.940 --> 00:12:01.539 And He subjected the sun and the moon. 00:12:02.139 --> 00:12:08.059 Each running for a specified term. 00:12:08.620 --> 00:12:12.580 That is Allah, your Lord; to Him belongs the dominion. 00:12:13.139 --> 00:12:21.340 “He maketh the night to pass into the day and He maketh the day to pass into the night. He hath subdued the sun and moon to service. Each runneth unto an appointed term. Such is Allah, your Lord; His is the Sovereignty; and those unto whom ye pray instead of Him own not so much as the white spot on a date-stone.” (35:13) 00:12:23.019 --> 00:12:24.820 He causes the night to enter the day. 00:12:25.340 --> 00:12:30.139 And that which is decreased from the night, He adds to the day. 00:12:30.700 --> 00:12:32.740 And He causes the day to enter the night. 00:12:33.259 --> 00:12:39.340 And that which is decreased from the parts of the day, He adds to the parts of the night and causes it to enter therein. 00:12:39.980 --> 00:12:44.019 And He has subjected the sun and the moon for you as a favor from Him upon you. 00:12:44.539 --> 00:12:47.100 That you may know the number of years and the calculation. 00:12:47.860 --> 00:12:50.659 All of that runs for a known time. 00:12:51.299 --> 00:12:55.460 The One who does these actions is your Worshipped One, O mankind. 00:12:55.779 --> 00:12:58.659 To Whom alone worship is due. 00:12:59.100 --> 00:13:00.460 To Him belongs the complete dominion. 00:13:01.259 --> 00:13:04.940 And those whom you worship, O mankind, besides your Lord. 00:13:05.460 --> 00:13:08.860 Do not possess even the skin of a date stone, let alone anything more. 00:13:10.330 --> 00:13:15.850 “If ye pray unto them they hear not your prayer, and if they heard they could not grant it you. On the Day of Resurrection they will disown association with you. None can inform you like Him Who is Aware.” (35:14) 00:13:16.409 --> 00:13:19.850 “If ye pray unto them they hear not your prayer, and if they heard they could not grant it you. On the Day of Resurrection they will disown association with you. None can inform you like Him Who is Aware.” (35:14) 00:13:20.370 --> 00:13:24.610 “If ye pray unto them they hear not your prayer, and if they heard they could not grant it you. On the Day of Resurrection they will disown association with you. None can inform you like Him Who is Aware.” (35:14) 00:13:25.169 --> 00:13:28.929 “If ye pray unto them they hear not your prayer, and if they heard they could not grant it you. On the Day of Resurrection they will disown association with you. None can inform you like Him Who is Aware.” (35:14) 00:13:30.519 --> 00:13:36.120 If you call upon, O mankind, these gods that you worship besides Allah. 00:13:36.559 --> 00:13:38.360 They do not hear your supplication. 00:13:38.879 --> 00:13:41.000 Because they are inanimate objects that do not understand. 00:13:41.639 --> 00:13:44.879 And if they heard your supplication, they would not respond to you. 00:13:45.320 --> 00:13:47.240 Because they are not capable of speech. 00:13:47.879 --> 00:13:51.600 So how can you worship besides Allah that which has this description? 00:13:52.200 --> 00:13:57.480 And on the Day of Resurrection, your gods that you worship besides Allah will disown you. 00:13:57.919 --> 00:14:00.360 That they were partners to Allah. 00:14:00.919 --> 00:14:07.279 And none can inform you, O Muhammad, about the gods of the polytheists and what will become of their affair like one who is well-informed. 00:14:07.960 --> 00:14:12.679 And that All-Aware One is Allah, from whom nothing is hidden.