1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:03,520 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 2 00:00:03,520 --> 00:00:06,929 Treasures of the Prophetic Biography (Seerah). 3 00:00:06,929 --> 00:00:10,980 The Battle of Mu'tah. 4 00:00:10,980 --> 00:00:13,859 In the eighth year of the Hijrah. 5 00:00:13,859 --> 00:00:22,820 It was the most formidable and daunting war the Muslims fought during the lifetime of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him). 6 00:00:22,820 --> 00:00:27,820 It took place at the beginning of the eighth year of the Hijrah, in Jumada al-Ula, 7 00:00:27,820 --> 00:00:31,980 approximately eighty kilometers from Jerusalem. 8 00:00:32,270 --> 00:00:34,509 The cause of this battle: 9 00:00:34,509 --> 00:00:37,350 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 10 00:00:37,350 --> 00:00:42,189 sent Al-Harith ibn 'Umayr with his letter to the ruler of Busra. 11 00:00:42,189 --> 00:00:46,469 On his way, Shurahbil ibn 'Amr al-Ghassani intercepted him; 12 00:00:46,469 --> 00:00:51,189 he was the governor of Al-Balqa' in the land of Sham on behalf of Caesar. 13 00:00:51,189 --> 00:00:53,109 So he seized him and bound him, 14 00:00:53,109 --> 00:00:56,189 then brought him forward and beheaded him. 15 00:00:56,189 --> 00:00:59,189 The established custom in diplomacy was that he was an emissary, 16 00:00:59,310 --> 00:01:02,679 and emissaries are never killed, no matter the circumstances. 17 00:01:02,679 --> 00:01:06,719 Thereupon, the Prophet (peace be upon him) dispatched against them 18 00:01:06,719 --> 00:01:10,680 an army numbering three thousand warriors. 19 00:01:10,680 --> 00:01:13,239 This was the largest Muslim army 20 00:01:13,239 --> 00:01:16,920 assembled up to that time, unsurpassed except at the Battle of the Trench (Al-Ahzab), 21 00:01:16,920 --> 00:01:19,120 which was close to this number. 22 00:01:19,120 --> 00:01:22,120 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) appointed 23 00:01:22,120 --> 00:01:25,239 Zayd ibn Harithah as commander over this army, 24 00:01:25,239 --> 00:01:26,599 and he said: 25 00:01:26,640 --> 00:01:29,359 "If Zayd is killed, then Ja'far; 26 00:01:29,359 --> 00:01:33,319 and if Ja'far is killed, then 'Abdullah ibn Rawahah." 27 00:01:33,319 --> 00:01:35,719 He tied a white banner for them 28 00:01:35,719 --> 00:01:38,760 and handed it to Zayd ibn Harithah. 29 00:01:38,760 --> 00:01:41,239 It was called the Expedition of the Commanders, 30 00:01:41,239 --> 00:01:44,519 because he designated three commanders in succession for it. 31 00:01:44,519 --> 00:01:47,079 Then he (peace be upon him) exhorted them 32 00:01:47,079 --> 00:01:51,079 with his customary instructions to armies whenever they set out. 33 00:01:51,079 --> 00:01:54,079 On the authority of Buraydah (may Allah be pleased with him), he said: 34 00:01:54,120 --> 00:01:57,040 Whenever the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 35 00:01:57,040 --> 00:02:00,760 appointed a commander over an army or an expeditionary force, 36 00:02:00,760 --> 00:02:03,519 he would personally counsel him to be mindful of Allah, 37 00:02:03,519 --> 00:02:06,640 and to treat the Muslims with him well. 38 00:02:06,640 --> 00:02:08,120 Then he would say: 39 00:02:08,120 --> 00:02:11,360 "Fight in the name of Allah, in the cause of Allah! 40 00:02:11,360 --> 00:02:13,680 Fight those who disbelieve in Allah! 41 00:02:13,680 --> 00:02:16,520 Fight, but do not embezzle spoils, do not commit treachery, 42 00:02:16,520 --> 00:02:18,280 do not mutilate, 43 00:02:18,280 --> 00:02:20,639 and do not kill a newborn child. 44 00:02:20,639 --> 00:02:23,599 When you meet your enemy among the polytheists, 45 00:02:23,639 --> 00:02:26,199 invite them to three choices: 46 00:02:26,199 --> 00:02:28,280 whichever of them they accept, 47 00:02:28,280 --> 00:02:31,229 accept it from them and withhold yourselves from harming them." 48 00:02:31,229 --> 00:02:34,669 This demonstrates that the Prophet (peace be upon him) 49 00:02:34,669 --> 00:02:36,990 was not eager for fighting for its own sake, 50 00:02:36,990 --> 00:02:40,500 but rather resorted to it out of absolute necessity. 51 00:02:40,500 --> 00:02:41,580 He said: 52 00:02:41,580 --> 00:02:42,740 "First: 53 00:02:42,740 --> 00:02:44,900 Invite them to Islam. 54 00:02:44,900 --> 00:02:46,340 If they accept, 55 00:02:46,340 --> 00:02:49,139 accept it from them and withhold yourselves from harming them. 56 00:02:49,139 --> 00:02:50,740 Then invite them to migrate 57 00:02:50,780 --> 00:02:53,900 from their land to the abode of the Emigrants (Muhajirun), 58 00:02:53,900 --> 00:02:56,860 and inform them that if they do so, 59 00:02:56,860 --> 00:02:58,860 they shall enjoy the rights of the Emigrants 60 00:02:58,860 --> 00:03:01,740 and share the obligations of the Emigrants. 61 00:03:01,740 --> 00:03:04,379 But if they refuse to migrate from their land— 62 00:03:04,379 --> 00:03:06,259 meaning, to emigrate— 63 00:03:06,259 --> 00:03:10,460 inform them that they will be like the Bedouin Muslims: 64 00:03:10,460 --> 00:03:14,819 subject to the law of Allah that applies to the believers, 65 00:03:14,819 --> 00:03:18,699 but they will have no share in the spoils of war or *fay'*, 66 00:03:18,699 --> 00:03:20,979 because they refused to emigrate." 67 00:03:20,979 --> 00:03:22,060 He said: 68 00:03:22,060 --> 00:03:23,900 "They shall have no share in spoils 69 00:03:23,900 --> 00:03:27,090 unless they fight alongside the Muslims. 70 00:03:27,090 --> 00:03:28,490 Second: 71 00:03:28,490 --> 00:03:29,930 If they refuse Islam, 72 00:03:29,930 --> 00:03:32,039 ask them to pay the *jizyah*. 73 00:03:32,039 --> 00:03:33,719 If they accept, 74 00:03:33,719 --> 00:03:36,520 accept it from them and withhold yourselves from harming them. 75 00:03:36,520 --> 00:03:38,039 Third: 76 00:03:38,039 --> 00:03:39,479 If they refuse, 77 00:03:39,479 --> 00:03:42,400 seek Allah's help and fight them. 78 00:03:42,400 --> 00:03:44,759 And if you besiege the people of a fortress 79 00:03:44,759 --> 00:03:46,680 and they demand that you grant them 80 00:03:46,719 --> 00:03:49,360 the protection of Allah and the protection of His Prophet, 81 00:03:49,360 --> 00:03:53,439 do not grant them the protection of Allah or the protection of His Prophet; 82 00:03:53,439 --> 00:03:57,479 rather, grant them your own protection and the protection of your companions. 83 00:03:57,479 --> 00:04:01,680 For it is less grave for you to violate your protection and that of your companions 84 00:04:01,680 --> 00:04:06,039 than to violate the protection of Allah and the protection of His Messenger. 85 00:04:06,039 --> 00:04:08,280 And if you besiege the people of a fortress 86 00:04:08,280 --> 00:04:11,680 and they demand that you make them surrender according to the judgment of Allah, 87 00:04:11,680 --> 00:04:14,199 do not make them surrender according to the judgment of Allah, 88 00:04:14,240 --> 00:04:16,920 but make them surrender according to your own judgment; 89 00:04:16,920 --> 00:04:21,990 for you do not know whether you will hit upon Allah's judgment concerning them or not." 90 00:04:21,990 --> 00:04:26,829 There is no contradiction whatsoever between this and the word of Allah, the Blessed and Exalted. 91 00:04:26,829 --> 00:04:29,189 “There is no compulsion in religion. The right direction is henceforth distinct from error. And he who rejecteth false deities and believeth in Allah hath grasped a firm handhold which will never break. Allah is Hearer, Knower.” (2:256) 92 00:04:29,189 --> 00:04:32,949 For we do not fight people to force them into entering Islam; 93 00:04:32,949 --> 00:04:37,470 rather, we fight if they refuse Islam and refuse to pay the *jizyah*. 94 00:04:37,470 --> 00:04:40,959 Fighting is a means, not an end in itself. 95 00:04:40,959 --> 00:04:44,279 But why do we require the *jizyah*? 96 00:04:44,319 --> 00:04:47,279 We must understand that the earth belongs to Allah. 97 00:04:47,279 --> 00:04:49,680 Since that is the case, 98 00:04:49,680 --> 00:04:54,759 Allah created human beings upon this earth solely to worship Him. 99 00:04:54,759 --> 00:04:56,319 Allah Almighty says: 100 00:04:56,319 --> 00:05:00,879 “I created the jinn and humankind only that they might worship Me.” (51:56) 101 00:05:00,879 --> 00:05:04,120 Yet many people refused to worship Allah, 102 00:05:04,120 --> 00:05:06,160 while continuing to dwell upon His earth. 103 00:05:06,160 --> 00:05:08,519 So Allah sent servants of His 104 00:05:08,519 --> 00:05:11,560 and commanded them to invite those people to Islam. 105 00:05:11,560 --> 00:05:14,079 If they refused, then the *jizyah*; 106 00:05:14,079 --> 00:05:18,040 and if they refused that, He commanded them to fight those people— 107 00:05:18,040 --> 00:05:20,000 those who dwelt upon His earth 108 00:05:20,000 --> 00:05:25,560 yet refused to enter His religion and worship Him, Glorified and Exalted be He, 109 00:05:25,560 --> 00:05:28,850 and refused to pay the *jizyah*. 110 00:05:28,850 --> 00:05:32,889 Thereupon, the Muslim army prepared to depart. 111 00:05:32,889 --> 00:05:36,449 The Prophet (peace be upon him) gave them his final instructions 112 00:05:36,449 --> 00:05:38,449 and bade them farewell. 113 00:05:38,449 --> 00:05:40,970 One of the commanders of the army wept— 114 00:05:41,009 --> 00:05:44,649 namely, 'Abdullah ibn Rawahah (may Allah be pleased with him). 115 00:05:44,649 --> 00:05:46,889 They asked, "What makes you weep?" 116 00:05:46,889 --> 00:05:48,089 He said: 117 00:05:48,089 --> 00:05:53,129 "By Allah, I have no love for this world nor any longing for you, 118 00:05:53,129 --> 00:05:57,490 but I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 119 00:05:57,490 --> 00:06:02,050 reciting a verse from the Book of Allah mentioning the Fire: 120 00:06:02,050 --> 00:06:03,610 Allah Almighty says: 121 00:06:03,610 --> 00:06:07,810 “There is not one of you but shall approach it. That is a fixed ordinance of thy Lord.” (19:71) 122 00:06:07,810 --> 00:06:12,889 'This is an inevitable decree upon your Lord.' 123 00:06:12,889 --> 00:06:16,370 How then can I be sure of returning after passing over it?" 124 00:06:16,370 --> 00:06:19,769 The Prophet (peace be upon him) bade them farewell, 125 00:06:19,769 --> 00:06:24,170 as did his Companions who remained with him in Medina. 126 00:06:24,170 --> 00:06:27,009 On that occasion, 'Abdullah ibn Rawahah recited: 127 00:06:27,009 --> 00:06:30,569 "Rather, I ask the Most Merciful for forgiveness, 128 00:06:30,569 --> 00:06:34,649 and a piercing strike that spews forth foam, 129 00:06:34,689 --> 00:06:38,329 or a thrust by the hand of a furious attacker, delivered 130 00:06:38,329 --> 00:06:42,329 with a spear that passes through the bowels and liver— 131 00:06:42,329 --> 00:06:46,170 so that it may be said when they pass by my grave: 132 00:06:46,170 --> 00:06:50,399 'May Allah guide a warrior who was indeed rightly guided.'" 133 00:06:50,399 --> 00:06:51,879 The army set out 134 00:06:51,879 --> 00:06:56,959 until it reached an area called Ma'an in the land of Sham. 135 00:06:56,959 --> 00:06:58,879 News then reached them 136 00:06:58,879 --> 00:07:02,879 that Heraclius had encamped in an area called Ma'ab 137 00:07:02,879 --> 00:07:04,759 in the land of Al-Balqa', 138 00:07:04,759 --> 00:07:06,959 leading one hundred thousand Romans, 139 00:07:06,959 --> 00:07:11,199 joined by another one hundred thousand Christian Arabs. 140 00:07:11,199 --> 00:07:13,680 The Muslims had never anticipated 141 00:07:13,680 --> 00:07:17,360 that an army of such immense size would march out against them. 142 00:07:17,360 --> 00:07:19,399 So they stayed in Ma'an for two nights, 143 00:07:19,399 --> 00:07:23,079 deliberating over their situation and taking counsel together. 144 00:07:23,079 --> 00:07:26,399 They said, "Let us write to the Messenger of Allah 145 00:07:26,399 --> 00:07:29,000 to inform him of the number of our enemy, 146 00:07:29,000 --> 00:07:31,480 so he may either reinforce us with men 147 00:07:31,480 --> 00:07:34,519 or issue a command for us to proceed." 148 00:07:34,519 --> 00:07:36,959 But 'Abdullah ibn Rawahah said: 149 00:07:36,959 --> 00:07:38,240 "O my people! 150 00:07:38,240 --> 00:07:40,680 By Allah, the very thing you dislike 151 00:07:40,680 --> 00:07:43,360 is that which you came out seeking: martyrdom! 152 00:07:43,360 --> 00:07:47,920 We do not fight people with numbers, strength, or abundance; 153 00:07:47,920 --> 00:07:52,600 we fight them only with this religion with which Allah has honored us. 154 00:07:52,600 --> 00:07:53,839 So march onward! 155 00:07:53,839 --> 00:07:56,439 For it is bound to be one of the two best outcomes: 156 00:07:56,439 --> 00:07:59,790 either victory or martyrdom." 157 00:07:59,790 --> 00:08:03,589 Thus the matter was settled upon 'Abdullah ibn Rawahah's word, 158 00:08:03,629 --> 00:08:07,430 and they did not write to the Prophet (peace be upon him). 159 00:08:07,430 --> 00:08:11,670 That was because those impassioned words of 'Abdullah 160 00:08:11,670 --> 00:08:14,589 had a profound impact upon them, 161 00:08:14,589 --> 00:08:17,910 so feelings of hesitation vanished from their ranks, 162 00:08:17,910 --> 00:08:20,430 and they resolved to face the enemy— 163 00:08:20,430 --> 00:08:22,709 may Allah be pleased with them. 164 00:08:22,709 --> 00:08:25,550 When the enemy drew near the Muslims, 165 00:08:25,550 --> 00:08:29,829 the Muslims moved to a place called Mu'tah, 166 00:08:29,829 --> 00:08:33,549 where they encamped and arrayed themselves for battle. 167 00:08:33,590 --> 00:08:35,470 The two forces met: 168 00:08:35,470 --> 00:08:39,309 one hundred thousand against three thousand! 169 00:08:39,309 --> 00:08:41,350 Yet it was faith— 170 00:08:41,350 --> 00:08:45,529 when its winds blow, it works wonders. 171 00:08:45,529 --> 00:08:48,289 Zayd ibn Harithah took up the banner 172 00:08:48,289 --> 00:08:53,409 and began fighting fiercely and courageously alongside the Muslims. 173 00:08:53,409 --> 00:08:57,889 Zayd continued fighting until he was killed (may Allah be pleased with him) 174 00:08:57,889 --> 00:08:59,970 and fell slain upon the battlefield. 175 00:08:59,970 --> 00:09:02,169 Salamah ibn al-Akwa' said: 176 00:09:02,210 --> 00:09:05,210 "I fought in nine military expeditions alongside Zayd, 177 00:09:05,210 --> 00:09:09,809 and the Prophet (peace be upon him) used to appoint him as commander over us." 178 00:09:09,809 --> 00:09:13,090 And the Prophet (peace be upon him) said: 179 00:09:13,090 --> 00:09:14,929 "I entered Paradise, 180 00:09:14,929 --> 00:09:18,049 and a young maiden met me. 181 00:09:18,049 --> 00:09:20,009 I asked, 'To whom do you belong?' 182 00:09:20,009 --> 00:09:23,360 She replied, 'To Zayd ibn Harithah.'" 183 00:09:23,360 --> 00:09:25,519 After Zayd was martyred, 184 00:09:25,519 --> 00:09:29,799 Ja'far ibn Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) took up the banner 185 00:09:29,840 --> 00:09:32,960 and began fighting with intense ferocity. 186 00:09:32,960 --> 00:09:36,600 When the fighting exhausted him, he recited: 187 00:09:36,600 --> 00:09:40,000 "O how wonderful is Paradise and its approaching, 188 00:09:40,000 --> 00:09:43,159 sweet and cool is its drink! 189 00:09:43,159 --> 00:09:46,639 And the Romans—their punishment draws near; 190 00:09:46,639 --> 00:09:50,039 disbelievers, distant in their lineage. 191 00:09:50,039 --> 00:09:53,789 Upon me is to strike them whenever I meet them!" 192 00:09:53,789 --> 00:09:58,269 So he continued to fight until he dismounted his horse and hamstrung it— 193 00:09:58,309 --> 00:10:01,990 and he was the first to hamstring his horse in Islam. 194 00:10:01,990 --> 00:10:04,710 He held fast to the banner (may Allah be pleased with him) 195 00:10:04,710 --> 00:10:06,549 until his right arm was severed; 196 00:10:06,549 --> 00:10:08,870 so he took the banner in his left hand, 197 00:10:08,870 --> 00:10:10,710 whereupon his left arm was severed. 198 00:10:10,710 --> 00:10:13,350 He then embraced the banner with the stumps of his upper arms, 199 00:10:13,350 --> 00:10:16,990 and kept it raised until he was killed. 200 00:10:16,990 --> 00:10:20,149 So Allah granted him in exchange two wings in Paradise, 201 00:10:20,149 --> 00:10:23,070 with which he flies wherever he wills. 202 00:10:23,070 --> 00:10:27,029 For this reason, he was called Ja'far al-Tayyar (Ja'far the Flying). 203 00:10:27,029 --> 00:10:30,429 Whenever 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) 204 00:10:30,429 --> 00:10:34,470 greeted 'Abdullah ibn Ja'far, he would say to him: 205 00:10:34,470 --> 00:10:37,830 "Peace be upon you, O son of the Two-Winged One." 206 00:10:37,830 --> 00:10:40,509 Ja'far was also called 207 00:10:40,509 --> 00:10:42,309 Abu al-Masakin (Father of the Poor). 208 00:10:42,309 --> 00:10:44,950 He had made both migrations: 209 00:10:44,950 --> 00:10:47,429 to Abyssinia and to Medina. 210 00:10:47,429 --> 00:10:50,149 Al-Bukhari recorded in his Sahih 211 00:10:50,149 --> 00:10:53,509 from 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) 212 00:10:53,509 --> 00:10:57,669 that he stood over Ja'far at Mu'tah while he lay slain, 213 00:10:57,669 --> 00:10:58,789 and said: 214 00:10:58,789 --> 00:11:02,909 "I counted fifty wounds on him, between stabs and strikes, 215 00:11:02,909 --> 00:11:05,830 not a single one of which was in his back." 216 00:11:05,830 --> 00:11:07,549 Ja'far died 217 00:11:07,549 --> 00:11:11,190 at the age of thirty-three. 218 00:11:11,190 --> 00:11:15,710 Then, after the martyrdom of Ja'far (may Allah be pleased with him), the banner was taken up by 219 00:11:15,710 --> 00:11:17,990 'Abdullah ibn Rawahah. 220 00:11:17,990 --> 00:11:19,590 He advanced with it, 221 00:11:19,590 --> 00:11:22,190 but experienced a brief moment of hesitation, 222 00:11:22,230 --> 00:11:25,230 so he addressed his own soul, saying: 223 00:11:25,230 --> 00:11:28,350 "I swear, O soul, you shall descend [to battle], 224 00:11:28,350 --> 00:11:31,429 willingly or unwillingly! 225 00:11:31,429 --> 00:11:34,590 Though the people have gathered and the clamor has grown loud, 226 00:11:34,590 --> 00:11:38,340 why do I see you reluctant to enter Paradise?" 227 00:11:38,340 --> 00:11:39,779 Then he dismounted. 228 00:11:39,779 --> 00:11:43,179 A cousin of his brought him a meat bone 229 00:11:43,179 --> 00:11:44,220 and said: 230 00:11:44,220 --> 00:11:46,539 "Strengthen yourself with this." 231 00:11:46,539 --> 00:11:48,379 He took it from his hand, 232 00:11:48,379 --> 00:11:50,539 took a single bite from it, 233 00:11:50,539 --> 00:11:54,700 then tossed it aside, grasped his sword, advanced, 234 00:11:54,700 --> 00:11:56,740 and fought until he was killed, 235 00:11:56,740 --> 00:11:58,620 with the banner still in his hand. 236 00:11:58,620 --> 00:12:01,500 Then a man from the tribe of Banu 'Ajlan stepped forward, 237 00:12:01,500 --> 00:12:04,220 named Thabit ibn Arqam, 238 00:12:04,220 --> 00:12:06,539 who took the banner and said: 239 00:12:06,539 --> 00:12:08,659 "O assembly of Muslims, 240 00:12:08,659 --> 00:12:11,299 agree upon a man among you [to lead], 241 00:12:11,299 --> 00:12:14,779 for there must be a commander whose orders are obeyed." 242 00:12:14,779 --> 00:12:16,379 They said: "You take it." 243 00:12:16,379 --> 00:12:17,460 He replied: 244 00:12:17,460 --> 00:12:19,580 "I am not fit to do so." 245 00:12:19,620 --> 00:12:23,059 So the people agreed upon Khalid ibn al-Walid. 246 00:12:23,059 --> 00:12:24,860 When he took the banner, 247 00:12:24,860 --> 00:12:27,730 he fought with immense ferocity. 248 00:12:27,730 --> 00:12:29,649 Khalid said: 249 00:12:29,649 --> 00:12:32,370 "On the day of Mu'tah, 250 00:12:32,370 --> 00:12:34,009 nine swords broke in my hand, 251 00:12:34,009 --> 00:12:38,090 and nothing remained in my hand except a broad Yemeni blade." 252 00:12:38,090 --> 00:12:41,129 The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) had already informed [the companions in Medina] 253 00:12:41,129 --> 00:12:42,610 about what was taking place, 254 00:12:42,610 --> 00:12:46,690 as he was sitting on the pulpit with the Companions around him. 255 00:12:46,690 --> 00:12:47,970 He said: 256 00:12:48,009 --> 00:12:51,169 "Then Zayd took the banner and was slain, 257 00:12:51,169 --> 00:12:53,929 then Ja'far took it and was slain, 258 00:12:53,929 --> 00:12:57,009 then Ibn Rawahah took it and was slain"— 259 00:12:57,009 --> 00:13:02,289 while the eyes of the Prophet (peace be upon him) were overflowing with tears. 260 00:13:02,289 --> 00:13:05,009 For these three were among his closest Companions: 261 00:13:05,009 --> 00:13:06,730 Zayd was his freed slave, 262 00:13:06,730 --> 00:13:10,009 who used to be called Zayd ibn Muhammad; 263 00:13:10,009 --> 00:13:12,169 Ja'far was his cousin; 264 00:13:12,169 --> 00:13:16,590 and 'Abdullah was his poet and one of the prominent leaders of the Khazraj. 265 00:13:16,629 --> 00:13:19,750 The Prophet (peace be upon him) continued: 266 00:13:19,750 --> 00:13:23,389 "...until a sword from the swords of Allah took the banner, 267 00:13:23,389 --> 00:13:26,309 until Allah granted them victory." 268 00:13:26,309 --> 00:13:30,389 Indeed, Allah granted them victory in this great battle, 269 00:13:30,389 --> 00:13:34,629 in that only a small number of Muslims were killed, 270 00:13:34,629 --> 00:13:38,399 while far more were killed among the disbelievers. 271 00:13:38,399 --> 00:13:40,879 When Khalid took the banner, 272 00:13:40,879 --> 00:13:42,799 he stood firm throughout the day 273 00:13:42,799 --> 00:13:46,559 until night fell and fighting ceased. 274 00:13:46,559 --> 00:13:50,279 Then he executed a remarkable strategy (may Allah be pleased with him): 275 00:13:50,279 --> 00:13:53,360 he took the right wing and moved it to the left, 276 00:13:53,360 --> 00:13:56,480 took the left wing and moved it to the right, 277 00:13:56,480 --> 00:13:58,600 put the vanguard at the rear, 278 00:13:58,600 --> 00:14:01,320 and brought the rear guard to the front. 279 00:14:01,320 --> 00:14:07,480 It is also said that he dispatched a detachment to raise clouds of dust in the distance at dawn. 280 00:14:07,480 --> 00:14:09,480 When morning came, 281 00:14:09,480 --> 00:14:12,120 the Byzantines remained in their positions, 282 00:14:12,120 --> 00:14:15,279 but those who had been fighting the right wing 283 00:14:15,279 --> 00:14:17,399 now faced entirely different faces, 284 00:14:17,399 --> 00:14:21,159 as did those fighting the left wing and the front line, 285 00:14:21,159 --> 00:14:24,320 in addition to seeing the dust rising from afar. 286 00:14:24,320 --> 00:14:28,279 So they were certain that reinforcements had reached the Muslims, 287 00:14:28,279 --> 00:14:30,480 and they said to themselves: 288 00:14:30,480 --> 00:14:34,320 "If we could not overcome them when they were so few, 289 00:14:34,320 --> 00:14:37,590 how can we now that reinforcements have arrived?" 290 00:14:37,590 --> 00:14:40,750 At that point, the Byzantines disengaged from the battle, 291 00:14:40,750 --> 00:14:42,669 so Khalid pulled back his forces, 292 00:14:42,669 --> 00:14:44,990 and the Byzantines retreated to their lands, 293 00:14:44,990 --> 00:14:48,909 while Khalid led his men back to Medina. 294 00:14:48,909 --> 00:14:50,710 This was the true victory: 295 00:14:50,710 --> 00:14:55,789 that he managed to save the Muslims from certain annihilation. 296 00:14:55,789 --> 00:14:59,429 Those martyred among the Muslims in this battle were: 297 00:14:59,429 --> 00:15:00,509 Zayd, 298 00:15:00,509 --> 00:15:01,629 Ja'far, 299 00:15:01,629 --> 00:15:03,110 Ibn Rawahah, 300 00:15:03,110 --> 00:15:05,070 Mas'ud ibn al-Aswad, 301 00:15:05,070 --> 00:15:07,629 Wahb ibn Sa'd ibn Abi Sarh, 302 00:15:07,629 --> 00:15:09,549 'Abbad ibn Qays, 303 00:15:09,549 --> 00:15:11,669 Al-Harith ibn al-Nu'man, 304 00:15:11,669 --> 00:15:13,470 Suraqah ibn 'Amr, 305 00:15:14,429 --> 00:15:16,389 Jabir ibn 'Amr, 306 00:15:16,389 --> 00:15:18,669 'Amr ibn Sa'd ibn al-Harith, 307 00:15:18,669 --> 00:15:21,350 and 'Amir ibn Sa'd ibn al-Harith— 308 00:15:21,350 --> 00:15:23,750 making twelve in total. 309 00:15:23,750 --> 00:15:27,980 In this battle, a level of courage and valor was displayed 310 00:15:27,980 --> 00:15:31,779 the likes of which no other nation had ever seen. 311 00:15:31,779 --> 00:15:35,740 This spirit of faith that they possessed 312 00:15:35,740 --> 00:15:38,179 gave them an extraordinary boldness 313 00:15:38,179 --> 00:15:41,379 that humbled the pride of those mighty nations 314 00:15:41,580 --> 00:15:45,100 known for their sheer power and vast numbers. 315 00:15:45,100 --> 00:15:49,220 All of this confirms that the Muslims were of an entirely different caliber 316 00:15:49,220 --> 00:15:52,500 than any people humanity had ever known. 317 00:15:52,500 --> 00:15:54,659 After this battle, 318 00:15:54,659 --> 00:15:58,019 several Arab tribes entered Islam, 319 00:15:58,019 --> 00:16:00,580 including Banu Sulaym, Ashja', 320 00:16:00,580 --> 00:16:02,980 Ghatafan, and Fazarah. 321 00:16:02,980 --> 00:16:05,620 The Muslims returned to Medina, 322 00:16:05,620 --> 00:16:08,940 and the believers rejoiced at their arrival. 323 00:16:08,980 --> 00:16:11,580 As for the report claiming 324 00:16:11,580 --> 00:16:13,500 that when they returned, 325 00:16:13,500 --> 00:16:17,059 the people of Medina met them saying: 326 00:16:17,059 --> 00:16:19,740 "O flee-ers! O flee-ers!" 327 00:16:19,740 --> 00:16:22,899 and that the Prophet (peace be upon him) said: 328 00:16:22,899 --> 00:16:24,899 "Rather, they are the persistent attackers," 329 00:16:24,899 --> 00:16:27,940 this is a weak report and is not authentic.