WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.399 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:03.399 --> 00:00:08.199 A Summary of Tafsir al-Tabari. 00:00:08.199 --> 00:00:14.080 Abridged by Dr. Aqeel bin Salem Al-Shammari. 00:00:14.080 --> 00:00:18.539 Surah Al-Anbiya. 00:00:18.539 --> 00:00:22.539 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:22.539 --> 00:00:33.039 “And We verily gave Abraham of old his proper course, and We were Aware of him,” (21:51) 00:00:33.039 --> 00:00:42.640 “When he said unto his father and his folk: What are these images unto which ye pay devotion?” (21:52) 00:00:43.600 --> 00:00:47.600 And We had already guided Abraham before, and We knew him. 00:00:47.600 --> 00:00:49.600 And We granted him success in righteousness. 00:00:49.600 --> 00:00:54.799 And We saved him and his household from the people who worshipped idols. 00:00:54.799 --> 00:00:59.399 Just as We did with Muhammad, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:00:59.600 --> 00:01:05.599 And We knew him to be devoted to Allah and a monotheist. 00:01:05.599 --> 00:01:12.000 When he said to them, "What are these statues to which you are devoted?" 00:01:12.000 --> 00:01:17.200 And these were their idols which they worshipped. 00:01:17.200 --> 00:01:24.659 “They said: We found our fathers worshippers of them.” (21:53) 00:01:24.659 --> 00:01:35.060 “He said: Verily ye and your fathers were in plain error.” (21:54) 00:01:35.060 --> 00:01:42.939 “They said: Bringest thou unto us the truth, or art thou some jester?” (21:55) 00:01:42.939 --> 00:01:46.739 Abraham's father and his people said to Abraham: 00:01:46.739 --> 00:01:50.939 "We found our fathers worshipping them." 00:01:51.140 --> 00:01:56.400 "So we follow the religion of our fathers, worshipping them as they did." 00:01:56.400 --> 00:02:01.599 Abraham said, "You and your fathers, O people," 00:02:01.599 --> 00:02:06.000 "have indeed been in clear error in your worship of them, straying from the path of truth." 00:02:06.000 --> 00:02:09.389 It is clear to anyone who reflects with reason. 00:02:09.389 --> 00:02:14.789 His father and his people said to him, "Have you brought us the truth in what you say?" 00:02:14.789 --> 00:02:19.780 "Or are you one of those who jest?" 00:02:19.780 --> 00:02:30.180 He said, "Rather, your Lord is the Lord of the heavens and the earth, who created them," 00:02:30.180 --> 00:02:35.979 "and I am of those who bear witness to that." 00:02:35.979 --> 00:02:46.659 “And, by Allah, I shall circumvent your idols after ye have gone away and turned your backs.” (21:57) 00:02:46.659 --> 00:02:48.659 Abraham said to them: 00:02:48.659 --> 00:02:51.860 "Rather, I have brought you the truth, and indeed I am a truthful one." 00:02:51.860 --> 00:02:56.060 "Your Lord is the Lord of the heavens and the earth, who created them," 00:02:56.060 --> 00:03:01.659 "and I am one of the witnesses that your Lord is the Lord of the heavens and the earth." 00:03:01.659 --> 00:03:07.060 “And, by Allah, I shall circumvent your idols after ye have gone away and turned your backs.” (21:57) 00:03:07.060 --> 00:03:10.259 It is mentioned that Abraham, peace be upon him, 00:03:10.259 --> 00:03:14.659 swore this oath in secret from his people, hidden. 00:03:14.659 --> 00:03:19.259 And no one heard it from him except the one who revealed it about him. 00:03:19.259 --> 00:03:25.460 “They said: Who hath done this to our gods? Surely it must be some evil-doer.” (21:59) 00:03:25.460 --> 00:03:32.539 They said, "We heard a young man speaking about them, called Abraham." 00:03:32.539 --> 00:03:42.340 So he made them into fragments, except for the greatest of them, so that they might return to it. 00:03:42.340 --> 00:03:46.340 So he made them into rubble, except for the great idol. 00:03:46.340 --> 00:03:51.340 For Abraham did not break them; he did that so they might take heed. 00:03:51.340 --> 00:03:56.740 And know that if they cannot defend themselves from what Abraham did to them, 00:03:56.740 --> 00:04:01.740 then how can they defend others from anyone who intends them harm? 00:04:01.740 --> 00:04:05.939 So they would abandon what they were upon of worshipping them, 00:04:05.939 --> 00:04:12.939 and turn to what he was upon of his religion, the monotheism of Allah, and disassociation from idols. 00:04:12.939 --> 00:04:20.740 “They said: Who hath done this to our gods? Surely it must be some evil-doer.” (21:59) 00:04:20.740 --> 00:04:28.139 They said, "We heard a young man speaking about them, called Abraham." 00:04:28.139 --> 00:04:36.519 “They said: Then bring him (hither) before the people's eyes that they may testify.” (21:61) 00:04:36.519 --> 00:04:41.120 Abraham's people said when they saw their idols had been broken: 00:04:41.120 --> 00:04:46.519 "Who has done this to our gods? Indeed, he who has done this to our gods," 00:04:46.519 --> 00:04:52.720 "is indeed a wrongdoer," meaning one who has done to them what he should not have done. 00:04:52.720 --> 00:04:55.319 Those who heard him say this: 00:04:55.319 --> 00:05:00.519 “And, by Allah, I shall circumvent your idols after ye have gone away and turned your backs.” (21:57) 00:05:00.519 --> 00:05:06.319 They said, "We heard a young man speaking about them, called Abraham, who criticized them." 00:05:06.319 --> 00:05:09.720 Some of Abraham's people said to others: 00:05:09.720 --> 00:05:14.519 "Bring him who did this to our gods before the people," 00:05:14.519 --> 00:05:19.019 "so that they may witness our punishment of him." 00:05:19.019 --> 00:05:26.620 “They said: Is it thou who hast done this to our gods, O Abraham?” (21:62) 00:05:26.620 --> 00:05:39.370 “He said: But this, their chief hath done it. So question them, if they can speak.” (21:63) 00:05:39.370 --> 00:05:42.370 So they brought Abraham and said to him: 00:05:42.370 --> 00:05:47.569 "Did you do this to our gods, breaking them, O Abraham?" 00:05:47.569 --> 00:05:49.769 Abraham answered them: 00:05:49.769 --> 00:05:53.370 "Rather, their chief, this one, and their great one, did it." 00:05:53.370 --> 00:05:57.370 "So ask them, if they can speak, who did this to them and broke them." 00:05:57.370 --> 00:06:01.779 "If they can speak or express themselves." 00:06:01.779 --> 00:06:11.379 “Then gathered they apart and said: Lo! ye yourselves are the wrong-doers.” (21:64) 00:06:11.379 --> 00:06:22.509 “And they were utterly confounded, and they said: Well thou knowest that these speak not.” (21:65) 00:06:22.509 --> 00:06:25.709 So they remembered and returned to their senses. 00:06:25.709 --> 00:06:27.910 And some of them looked at others. 00:06:28.110 --> 00:06:34.509 And they said, "Indeed, you yourselves, O people, are the wrongdoers. This man, when you question him," 00:06:34.509 --> 00:06:37.310 “They said: Who hath done this to our gods? Surely it must be some evil-doer.” (21:59) 00:06:37.310 --> 00:06:42.310 "and these are your gods, to whom what was done was done, are present before you." 00:06:42.310 --> 00:06:45.910 "So ask them." Then they were overcome in argument. 00:06:45.910 --> 00:06:50.910 So they argued with Abraham with something that was an argument for Abraham against them. 00:06:50.910 --> 00:06:57.310 They said, "You know that these idols do not speak." 00:06:57.310 --> 00:07:06.310 “He said: Worship ye then instead of Allah that which cannot profit you at all, nor harm you?” (21:66) 00:07:06.310 --> 00:07:12.310 “Fie on you and all that ye worship instead of Allah! Have ye then no sense?” (21:67) 00:07:12.310 --> 00:07:15.310 "Will you not then use your reason?" 00:07:16.300 --> 00:07:18.300 Abraham said to his people: 00:07:18.300 --> 00:07:24.300 "Do you then worship, O people, that which can neither benefit you nor harm you?" 00:07:24.300 --> 00:07:29.300 "And you know that they could not defend themselves from anyone who intended them harm," 00:07:29.300 --> 00:07:35.300 "nor can they speak if asked about who brought harm to them, so they could inform you." 00:07:35.300 --> 00:07:39.300 "Will you not then be ashamed of worshipping that which is like this?" 00:07:39.300 --> 00:07:44.399 "Woe to you and to the idols you worship instead of Allah!" 00:07:44.399 --> 00:07:50.910 "Will you not then use your reason regarding the evil you do in worshipping that which neither harms nor benefits?" 00:07:50.910 --> 00:07:58.910 “They cried: Burn him and stand by your gods, if ye will be doing.” (21:68) 00:07:58.910 --> 00:08:06.910 “We said: O fire, be coolness and peace for Abraham,” (21:69) 00:08:06.910 --> 00:08:13.910 “And they wished to set a snare for him, but We made them the greater losers.” (21:70) 00:08:13.910 --> 00:08:20.579 Some of Abraham's people said to each other, "Burn Abraham and support your gods, if you are supporters of them and do not wish to abandon their worship." 00:08:20.579 --> 00:08:26.579 "Burn Abraham with fire and support your gods, if you are their supporters." 00:08:26.579 --> 00:08:31.579 So they kindled a fire for him and cast him into it. 00:08:31.579 --> 00:08:37.580 And We said, "O fire, be coolness and safety upon Abraham." 00:08:37.580 --> 00:08:42.580 And they intended to plot against Abraham, but We made them the losers. 00:08:43.580 --> 00:08:52.450 “And We rescued him and Lot (and brought them) to the land which We have blessed for (all) peoples.” (21:71) 00:08:52.450 --> 00:08:59.120 And We saved Abraham and Lot from their enemies, Nimrod and his people, 00:08:59.120 --> 00:09:04.120 from the land of Iraq to the land which We blessed, which is the land of Sham. 00:09:05.120 --> 00:09:14.980 “And We bestowed upon him Isaac, and Jacob as a grandson. Each of them We made righteous.” (21:72) 00:09:14.980 --> 00:09:22.559 And We granted Abraham Isaac as a son and Jacob as a grandson, a gift to him. 00:09:22.559 --> 00:09:28.559 And all of them We made doers of obedience to Allah, avoiding His prohibitions. 00:09:28.559 --> 00:09:37.580 And We made them imams who guide by Our command, and We inspired them. 00:09:37.580 --> 00:09:46.580 “And We made them chiefs who guide by Our command, and We inspired in them the doing of good deeds and the right establishment of worship and the giving of alms, and they were worshippers of Us (alone).” (21:73) 00:09:46.580 --> 00:09:50.580 And they were worshippers of Us. 00:09:51.580 --> 00:09:58.320 And We made Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob imams who are followed in goodness, 00:09:58.320 --> 00:10:05.320 in obedience to Allah and following His commands and prohibitions, and they are emulated and followed. 00:10:05.320 --> 00:10:10.320 They guide people and call them to Allah and to His worship. 00:10:10.320 --> 00:10:15.320 And among what We revealed was: "Do good deeds and establish prayer." 00:10:15.320 --> 00:10:21.320 And they were reverent towards Us, not arrogant in their obedience and worship of Us. 00:10:21.320 --> 00:10:43.440 “And unto Lot we gave judgment and knowledge, and We delivered him from the community that did abominations. Lo! they were folk of evil, lewd.” (21:74) 00:10:43.440 --> 00:10:52.440 “And We brought him in unto Our mercy. Lo! he was of the righteous.” (21:75) 00:10:53.440 --> 00:10:58.399 And We gave Lot the ability to judge between disputants. 00:10:58.399 --> 00:11:04.399 And We gave him knowledge of his religion and what is obligatory upon him to Allah of His commandments. 00:11:04.399 --> 00:11:11.399 And We saved him from Our punishment which We inflicted upon the people of the town who were committing abominations. 00:11:11.399 --> 00:11:16.399 And it was the town of Sodom, to which Lot was sent. 00:11:16.399 --> 00:11:22.399 Indeed, they were an evil people, disobedient to Allah's command, transgressing His obedience. 00:11:22.399 --> 00:11:28.399 And We admitted Lot into Our mercy by sending him away from the punishment. 00:11:28.399 --> 00:11:35.399 Indeed, Lot was among those who were obedient to Us and submitted to Our command. 00:11:35.399 --> 00:11:46.460 “And Noah, when he cried of old, We heard his prayer and saved him and his household from the great affliction.” (21:76) 00:11:46.460 --> 00:12:02.289 “And delivered him from the people who denied Our revelations. Lo! they were folk of evil, therefor did We drown them all.” (21:77) 00:12:02.289 --> 00:12:06.289 And mention, O Muhammad, Noah, when he called to his Lord, "O my Lord!" before you. 00:12:06.289 --> 00:12:09.289 And before Abraham and Lot. 00:12:09.289 --> 00:12:15.289 And We responded to his prayer to destroy his people who had denied Allah. 00:12:15.289 --> 00:12:25.289 And We saved him and the believers from his offspring and their relatives from the punishment that befell the deniers, from the flood and drowning. 00:12:25.289 --> 00:12:32.350 And We supported Noah against the people who denied Our signs and proofs, so We saved him from them. 00:12:33.350 --> 00:12:41.350 Indeed, Noah's people were an evil people, doing evil deeds, disobeying Allah and transgressing His command. 00:12:41.350 --> 00:12:59.019 “And David and Solomon, when they gave judgment concerning the field, when people's sheep had strayed and browsed therein by night; and We were witnesses to their judgment.” (21:78) 00:12:59.019 --> 00:13:19.019 “And We made Solomon to understand (the case); and unto each of them We gave judgment and knowledge. And we subdued the hills and the birds to hymn (His) praise along with David. We were the doers (thereof).” (21:79) 00:13:19.019 --> 00:13:25.730 And mention David and Solomon, O Muhammad, when they judged in the field of the earth, 00:13:25.730 --> 00:13:32.730 when the sheep of another people entered it by night and damaged it. 00:13:32.730 --> 00:13:39.730 And We were witnesses to the judgment of David and Solomon and the people over whom they judged regarding what the sheep of the sheep owners had damaged. 00:13:39.730 --> 00:13:47.730 Witnesses, nothing was hidden from Us concerning it, so We understood the case in that matter through Solomon, not David. 00:13:47.730 --> 00:13:54.730 And all of them, David, Solomon, and the messengers whom We mentioned at the beginning of this Surah, 00:13:54.730 --> 00:14:03.730 We granted them prophethood and knowledge of Allah's rulings, and We subjected the mountains and birds to David, to glorify with him when he glorified. 00:14:03.730 --> 00:14:14.730 And We had decreed that We would do that and subject the mountains and birds in the Preserved Tablet with David, peace be upon him. 00:14:14.730 --> 00:14:28.399 “And We taught him the art of making garments (of mail) to protect you in your daring. Are ye then thankful?” (21:80) 00:14:28.399 --> 00:14:38.009 And We taught David the art of making armor for you, to protect you when you wear it and meet your enemies in battle. 00:14:38.009 --> 00:14:50.009 So are you, O people, grateful to Allah for His blessings upon you, for what He taught you of the art of protective clothing in war and other blessings upon you? 00:14:50.009 --> 00:15:06.740 “And unto Solomon (We subdued) the wind in its raging. It set by his command toward the land which We had blessed. And of everything We are Aware.” (21:81) 00:15:06.740 --> 00:15:19.639 And We subjected to Solomon, son of David, the wind, strong and swift, carrying the wind by Solomon's command to Sham, which We blessed. 00:15:19.639 --> 00:15:29.639 And what We did for Solomon, by subjecting him and giving him what We gave him of dominion and the well-being of creation, was based on Our knowledge. 00:15:29.639 --> 00:15:34.639 And We are knowing of all things; nothing is hidden from Us. 00:15:35.639 --> 00:15:49.250 “And of the evil ones (subdued We unto him) some who dived (for pearls) for him and did other work, and We were warders unto them.” (21:82) 00:15:49.250 --> 00:16:02.080 And We also subjected to Solomon the devils, who dived for him in the sea and performed other work, such as building, statues, and fortifications. 00:16:02.080 --> 00:16:06.080 And We were guardians of their work and their numbers. 00:16:06.080 --> 00:16:12.320 A Summary of Tafsir al-Tabari.